Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie最新文献

{"title":"[Infections and multiple sclerosis].","authors":"Felicita Heidler, Tobias Bopp, Matthias Schwab, Frank A Hoffmann, Hansjörg Schild, Martina Kannler, Mathias Pletz, Uwe K Zettl","doi":"10.1055/a-2283-7401","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2283-7401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"289-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Berthold Kihn (1895-1964) and the NS \"Euthanasia\": Profile of a Perpetrator].","authors":"Birgit Braun, Nikolaus Knoepffler","doi":"10.1055/a-2066-0207","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2066-0207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In historical sciences, there is no consensus on how to understand the transition from eugenic sterilization to \"euthanasia\". The aim of this article was to investigate this question based on the historical-critical method, using the example of the perpetrator profile of Berthold Kihn. His pseudoscientific way to \"euthanasia\", however, did not have an eugenic foundation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature- and archival studies were carried out. For the first time, attention was paid to relevant Franconian and familial archival sources. Moreover, documents of the Jena University Archive were compared to those of the concentration camps of Buchenwald and Oranienburg.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After professional as well as private dilemma, the neuroinfectiologist Kihn set a focus on the \"eradication of the inferiors\". Apart from Kihn's role in central \"euthanasia\" and \"childrens' euthanasia\", which has been clearly demonstrated, we found actual hints of his additional involvement in decentral \"euthanasia\". This is shown using the example of the prominent patient Felix von Papen.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Kihn was no racial hygienist, he did not make his mark as an eugenicist. His professional and private dilemma may - among other things - have motivated him, to join a politically promoted movement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further comparative research in the profiling of NS perpetrators may contribute to a better differentiation of the transition from eugenics to \"euthanasia\".</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"268-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[ViaCogScreen: An Efficient, Valid, and Repeatable Screening Tool for Cognitive Performance Assessment of the Elderly].","authors":"Matthias Schneider, Anna-Laura Potthoff, Lars Pannicke, Christine A F von Arnim, Frank Jessen, Christoph Helmstaedter","doi":"10.1055/a-2276-3557","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2276-3557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the demographic change with an aging society in Germany, cognitive performance assessment of the elderly is of great importance. The Viacogscreen developed by us is a computer- and web-based brain performance screening for older adults that not only meets the criteria of a measurement instrument, but is also economical and repeatable. The test captures interlocking word list learning with delayed free recall and recognition, semantic word selection and fluidity, phonemic word fluidity and inverted number range, as well as incidental memory, resulting in a total of 17 performance parameters that provide a quick orientation (approximate test duration: 10-12 minutes) regarding the cognitive performance of a test subject. Three performance areas are depicted: executive functions, episodic and semantic memory. The test was standardized for 200 healthy test subjects in 6 different age groups (range: 50-85 years). For the first clinical validation, the test was used in the memory clinics in Bonn and Ulm, where 33 patients with MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and 42 patients with suspected Alzheimer's disease (VAD) were tested. A control group of 42 healthy people of approximately the same age served as the control group. With regard to the cognitive test procedure, all three groups showed significantly different results regarding the overall score (ANOVA F=73.9, p<0.001), executive functions (F=27.6 p<0.001) and semantic memory (F=54.4 p<0.001). Regarding episodic memory, both clinical groups differed significantly from the control group, but not from each other (F=48.7, p<0.001). The Viacogscreen thus produced very good results in its first validation in two memory clinics with regard to differentiation of VAD, and good results with regard to MCI. In addition to use in neurodegenerative diseases, the Viacogscreen is also suitable for other neurological and neuro-oncological diseases, as well as for use in large clinical studies since it enables electronic data collection.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"278-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Panic disorder and agoraphobia: understanding and therapy].","authors":"André Wannemüller, Jürgen Margraf","doi":"10.1055/a-2557-8259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2557-8259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, persistent concerns about their implications, and the avoidance of numerous situations in which panic attacks are particularly feared significantly impact the lives of affected individuals. These symptoms are key characteristics of the co-occurrence of panic disorder and agoraphobia. This article provides an overview of these disorders and discusses effective therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"93 7-08","pages":"311-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Treatment-refractory chronic depression in a CADASIL patient with a symptom-free somatic course: a case report].","authors":"Sebastian Wurthmann, Oliver Kastrup, Cornelius Wurthmann, Norbert Scherbaum, Patrik Roser","doi":"10.1055/a-2512-7605","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2512-7605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depressive disorders are very common psychiatric disorders that are usually well treatable. However, special attention is required if the depressive symptoms do not improve despite guideline-compliant treatment and if brain structural changes can be detected on neuroimaging.We report on a genetically newly diagnosed 63-year-old patient with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) with a two-decade course of severe affective symptoms in the absence of classical somatic disease characteristics although we found a pathogenic variant in the EGFr 4 domain of the NOTCH3 protein.CADASIL is a rare inherited disease of the small cerebral vessels which is caused by mutations in the NOTCH3 gene. The disease typically begins in young adulthood and is characterized by ischemic strokes, migraine-like headaches, psychiatric disturbance, and cognitive decline. Pathogenic variants in NOTCH3 EGFr domains 1-6 are associated with a more severe somatic phenotype. Our case report highlights the phenotypic heterogeneity of CADASIL with only psychiatric symptoms despite mutation within EGFr domain 4; therefore, CADASIL should be considered in the presence of affective disorders, lack of response to antidepressants and typical MR changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"306-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Divers aspects of infections and multiple sclerosis].","authors":"Christoph Mulert","doi":"10.1055/a-2605-9807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2605-9807","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":"93 7-08","pages":"267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Food-induced Botulism - Diagnosis, treatment and course].","authors":"Tim Schröder, Alexey Saranov","doi":"10.1055/a-2600-3625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2600-3625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 56-year-old male patient was presented to the neurology department of the emergency unit by the ambulance service with progressive gait instability, dysarthria and gastrointestinal symptoms. Clinical findings also included bilateral mydriasis, asymmetric bilateral ptosis, proximal paresis of the upper extremity and marked dry mouth. Imaging was unremarkable, but the differential diagnosis revealed evidence of a neurotoxic cause. The history of recent consumption of preserved food and the characteristic symptoms quickly led to a suspected diagnosis of foodborne botulism. After early administration of antitoxin and intensive medical treatment with temporary invasive and non-invasive ventilation, the patient was discharged after 14 days without residual neurological impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Developments in Psychiatric Care from 2005 to 2022: A Retrospective, Longitudinal Analysis of Hospital Data on 110,996 Inpatient Cases].","authors":"Nils Diogo Nellessen, Olaf Bick, Evgeny Chula, Aleksandr Rakitin, Adieb Hazzan, Juraj Kukolja, Eugen Davids","doi":"10.1055/a-2600-3518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2600-3518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of mental disorders is 27.8% among the adult population in Germany. Although psychiatric clinics play a central role in the care of these patients, the extensive, digitally collected routine data are rarely systematically evaluated. This study characterises the patient population of a large psychiatric clinic and analyses constants as well as developments in inpatient psychiatric care over an 18-year period.The retrospective analysis was based on longitudinal data from the hospital information system of the Evangelische Stiftung Tannenhof, which operates psychiatric clinics in urban regions of the Bergisches Land. Anonymised data from 110,996 fully inpatient cases from the years 2005 to 2022 were included in the analysis. The study examined demographic characteristics, length of stay, psychiatric main discharge diagnoses, somatic comorbidities, and the development of prescribed medications.The gender ratio and age structure of the patients remained largely constant over the entire period. Diagnostically, there was a slight increase in psychotic disorders and organic psychiatric disorders, while substance use disorders slightly decreased. A significant increase was observed in somatic comorbidities and the number of prescribed medications, with somatic medication increasing disproportionately compared to psychiatric medication. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant increase in Z-diagnoses, indicating a need for action from a somatic perspective.The retrospective data analysis showed that demographic characteristics and diagnostic patterns remained largely stable. Meanwhile, the complexity of medication and the number of somatic comorbidities increased. These developments emphasise the growing need for expertise in both somatic and psychiatric medication in clinical practice. Significant short-term changes in the data across the entire clinic only occurred during major events, namely the integration of a new larger addiction clinic and the COVID-19 pandemic. The results underscore the value of routine data in optimising care strategies in inpatient psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144505313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Trazodone in psychogeriatric care].","authors":"Maximilian Gahr, Berthold Merz","doi":"10.1055/a-2600-3773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2600-3773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trazodone is a dual serotonergic antidepressant with insignificant anticholinergic effects. It features sedative, hypnotic and anxiolytic effects in lower and antidepressive effects in higher doses. Its tolerability is good and the most important adverse drug reactions are orthostatic hypotension, drowsiness/sedation with increased risk of falls, dose-dependent moderate QTc prolongation with the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and priapism. Trazodone has evidence-based efficacy in elderly patients with depression and normal cognitive functioning, and there is evidence of antidepressive efficacy of trazodone also in patients with depression and dementia/cognitive dysfunction. In patients with dementia and sleep disturbances, trazodone improves sleep efficiency and increases total nocturnal sleep time. Although there is some evidence of efficacy of trazodone in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, particularly agitation, and trazodone is explicitly recommended for treatment of motor unrest in frontotemporal dementia, the evidence for this is rather weak. Results from studies in animal models indicate neuroprotective effects of trazodone by inhibition of overactivation of signalling in the unfolded protein response (UPR) which is typical of some neurodegenrative diseases. It was demonstrated that regular trazodone use is associated with delayed cognitive decline in humans with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's dementia. However, it is currently unclear if trazodone features significant neuroprotective effects in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Psychometric Validation of the German Version of the Care Dependency Questionnaire].","authors":"Sebastian Schwab, Naline Geurtzen, Eva Fassbinder, Sarah Glanert, Anja Schaich, Nele Assmann, Svenja Sürig, Stefan Borgwardt, Jan Philipp Klein","doi":"10.1055/a-2600-3682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2600-3682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychometric validation of the German version of the CDQ to measure patients' perceived care dependency on their psychotherapists (CD).Using data from 5 prospective observational studies, we conducted an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). We examined the psychometric properties of the CDQ and its correlations with other clinically relevant variables.Our EFA (n=376) revealed a factorial structure that differs from the initial version. Therefore, we propose the CDQ-R12 with 3 subscales of 4 items each. The CDQ-R12 is reliable (α.= 0.917), correlated positively with self-rated CD (r=0.242), symptom severity (r=0.481 and 0.395), therapeutic alliance (r=0.380) and interpersonal problems (r =0 .338), while it was negatively associated with social support (r=- 0.243) (p<0.01 each). Patients with borderline personality disorder showed a higher CDQ-R12 score than those with depressive disorder (r=0.13, p=0.013).The CDQ-R12 is suitable for investigating the influence of CD on the success of psychotherapy. Our study is of a pilot nature and the results need to be verified by further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12353,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Neurologie Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}