Forensic science international最新文献_第4页

GAF vs. Formalin: A turning point in forensic tissue preservation GAF vs.福尔马林：法医组织保存的转折点。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112654

Massimo Montisci , Matteo Perilli , Michela Gastaldi , Toshikazu Kondo , Rossana Cecchi

引用次数: 0

Mortality associated with in-custody prone restraint: A review 监禁中倾向约束相关的死亡率：综述。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112652

Alon Steinberg , Amanda Frugoli

{"title":"Mortality associated with in-custody prone restraint: A review","authors":"Alon Steinberg , Amanda Frugoli","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sudden and unexpected arrest-related deaths are deeply tragic and have generated widespread concern among the public, medical professionals, and law enforcement agencies. One mechanism that has garnered considerable attention is the use of prone restraint, wherein a subject is placed face-down and controlled in this position. The safety and risks of this technique remain subjects of debate within both scientific literature and legal settings. Supporters of prone restraint’s safety frequently cite prospective epidemiologic studies that report no fatalities associated with its use. However, these studies typically involve small cohorts and are conducted over limited timeframes, potentially underestimating rare but serious outcomes. In contrast, retrospective analyses, which assess larger populations over extended periods, have identified multiple cases of fatal outcomes linked to prone restraint. Notably, some of the most comprehensive data on these fatalities come from investigative journalism, which has uncovered patterns and prevalence rates not fully captured in academic or institutional studies. Based on available evidence, we estimate the mortality rate with use of in-custody prone restraint is at approximately 1 per 4.4 million individuals per year, or 0.023 per 100,000 population annually. These findings underscore the need for more rigorous, large-scale, and transparent epidemiological studies to better inform public policy, law enforcement practices, and clinical guidelines. The potential lethality of prone restraint must be recognized, and its use re-evaluated in light of both fatal risk and ethical responsibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 112652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a quantitatively controlled expirated bloodstain generation system using an anatomically-informed oral model 一种定量控制的呼气血渍生成系统的开发，该系统使用解剖学信息口腔模型

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112653

Kyung-Min Lee , Ki-Jong Rhee , Young-il Seo , Sang-Yoon Lee

{"title":"Development of a quantitatively controlled expirated bloodstain generation system using an anatomically-informed oral model","authors":"Kyung-Min Lee , Ki-Jong Rhee , Young-il Seo , Sang-Yoon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Expirated bloodstains are generated when blood is forcibly expelled from the mouth or upper airway due to air pressure. These patterns often contain biological constituents such as mucus and salivary enzymes, as well as distinctive morphological elements like bubble rings or beaded stains. However, their overall appearance can closely resemble that of impact or cast-off stains, which may lead to potential misinterpretation during forensic analysis. Conventional methods for reproducing expirated stains often rely on human subjects forcibly projecting blood or artificial substitutes, which pose limitations in terms of reproducibility, biosafety, and quantitative control. To address these challenges, this study presents the development of a bloodstain generation system capable of simulating expirated patterns under controlled airflow conditions. The system integrates anatomically informed 3D-printed oral models that simulate either blowing or coughing, combined with a calibrated airflow control unit and artificial blood formulated to match human rheological properties. This configuration enables precise modulation of airflow velocity and oral opening, allowing for consistent generation of expirated bloodstains. Morphological analysis was performed to quantify the area, impact angle, and orientation of stains produced under each condition. The results confirm the system’s ability to generate distinct patterns corresponding to different expiratory scenarios. This system provides a safe, reproducible, and quantifiable method for generating expirated bloodstains, offering significant utility in forensic training, as well as in generating machine learning and deep learning datasets for automated classification of bloodstain types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 112653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing two scoring indexes for assessing decomposition of juvenile remains 比较两种评分指标对幼兽遗骸分解的影响。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112651

Tamara Gelderman , Iris Sluis , Joukje Kloosterman , Wilma Duijst , Tristan Krap

{"title":"Comparing two scoring indexes for assessing decomposition of juvenile remains","authors":"Tamara Gelderman , Iris Sluis , Joukje Kloosterman , Wilma Duijst , Tristan Krap","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decomposition can be quantified using the Total Body Score (TBS) or Total Decomposition Score (TDS). These scoring methods have never been compared to each other. The focus of this study was to investigate the decomposition process of juvenile remains and compare the scoring indexes with regard to how they relate to the postmortem interval (PMI) and accumulated degree days (ADD). A total of 66 juvenile pigs, placed at the Forensic Anthropological Outdoor Research Facility in the Netherlands between 2015 and 2019, were included in this research. Per season, two pigs weighing between 0.8 and 2.7 kg (represents neonatal remains) and two weighing between 4.2 and 10.5 kg (represents a child up to three years of age) were placed on the grounds of the research facility. The results indicate there is no significant difference between the linear relationships of TBS and TDS with PMI. Moreover, there is no significant difference between the linear relationships of TBS and TDS with ADD. When all seasons are combined, the relationships of both TBS and TDS with PMI are relatively weak (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.287 and 0.332 respectively). When the variables PMI and ADD are log-transformed, the correlation coefficients of the regression models do not significantly change. In conclusion, the correlation coefficients of the regression models do not significantly differ from each other. As the TDS method is simpler and more user-friendly, it could be of use in practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 112651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145080069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Specific microbial biomarkers for distinguishing saliva from vaginal secretions: Integration of 16S rRNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR 用于区分唾液和阴道分泌物的特定微生物生物标志物：16S rRNA测序和实时定量PCR的整合

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112648

Kai Su , Liuxia Zheng , Yao Xia , Yixia Zhao , Lijie Han , Tianao Zheng , Meng Hu , Chen Yang , Wenli Chen , Fan Yang , Jian Ye , Xingchun Zhao , Sheng Hu

{"title":"Specific microbial biomarkers for distinguishing saliva from vaginal secretions: Integration of 16S rRNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR","authors":"Kai Su , Liuxia Zheng , Yao Xia , Yixia Zhao , Lijie Han , Tianao Zheng , Meng Hu , Chen Yang , Wenli Chen , Fan Yang , Jian Ye , Xingchun Zhao , Sheng Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Body fluids are commonly found biological traces at crime scenes. Differentiating body fluid types—especially saliva (SA) from vaginal secretions (VA)—remains a forensic challenge. Currently, microbes play an increasingly vital role in forensic science. In this study, we analyzed bacterial communities from various samples, including SA, VA, semen (SE) and skin (SK), using Illumina HiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. We validated the ability to distinguish SA samples from VA samples using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) for specific biomarkers. We obtained 8,211,062 tags and identified 4427 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Bacteria at the phylum level were similar across the four body fluid types, but their abundances varied. At the genus level, different bacteria dominated. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and cluster analysis revealed significant differences among sample types. Additionally, linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) identified specific bacterial variations across the four body fluids. qPCR validation of the sequencing-derived markers confirmed that eight specific biomarkers reliably distinguish SA from VA. This work enhances the fundamental understanding of microorganisms in different body fluids and aids in distinguishing SA and VA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 112648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resolving kinship degrees with identity-by-descent coefficients: Limits and insights from a simulation study 用血统识别系数求解亲缘度：来自模拟研究的限制和见解

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112647

Haoyu Wang, Yifan Wei, Tiantian Shan, Chun Yang, Yuntao Cai, Yuhan Hu, Qiang Zhu, Ji Zhang

{"title":"Resolving kinship degrees with identity-by-descent coefficients: Limits and insights from a simulation study","authors":"Haoyu Wang, Yifan Wei, Tiantian Shan, Chun Yang, Yuntao Cai, Yuhan Hu, Qiang Zhu, Ji Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kinship analysis in forensic genetics often requires precise determination of relatedness degrees rather than existence of kinship. While identity-by-descent (IBD) coefficients are widely used, their discriminatory power for distinguishing relatedness degrees under a likelihood ratio (LR) framework remains inadequately characterized, particularly for distant relatives. In this study, we developed a maximum LR approach with dynamic thresholds to evaluate IBD-based kinship discrimination. LR<sub>kin</sub> calculations were tested using competing hypotheses (H0: relationship <em>i</em> vs. H1: relationship <em>j</em>, <em>i</em> ≠ <em>j)</em>. System performance was assessed across seven virtual panels: five STR panels (21–500 loci) and two SNP panels (6445–16,109 loci), simulating panels with different effectiveness. The results showed that the LR<sub>kin</sub>-based maximum LR method effectively differentiated closer relationships, such as parent-offspring, full-sibling, and second-degree relatives. However, the LR<sub>kin</sub> struggled to distinguish more distant relationships, even using up to 500 STRs or 16,109 SNPs. In conclusion, although calculating LR<sub>kin</sub> does not improve inference accuracy, it can help reduce the risk of errors in inferring relationships. Using more genetic markers can enhance inference accuracy; However, the IBD-coefficients based LR had limitations in distinguishing between different degrees of relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 112647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A model research study on persistence, recovery and analysis of trace DNA under fingernails of drowned bodies 溺水者指甲下痕量DNA残留、恢复及分析的模型研究

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112649

Iqra Zareef , Ahsan Waheed Rathore , Uzma Zaheen , Ahsan Riaz , Allah Rakha , Anam Munawar

{"title":"A model research study on persistence, recovery and analysis of trace DNA under fingernails of drowned bodies","authors":"Iqra Zareef , Ahsan Waheed Rathore , Uzma Zaheen , Ahsan Riaz , Allah Rakha , Anam Munawar","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>DNA obtained from the crime scene or in the form of trace evidence is one of the most crucial pieces of evidence to individualize an assailant. During a violent physical assault, DNA, in the form of epithelial cells or blood due to violent scratching, is deposited in the hyponychium of the fingernail. This trace DNA is recovered and extracted from the fingernail debris by nail swabbing, and genetic profiling is done from the extracted DNA. The objective of the study is to evaluate the amount of exogenous DNA that persists in fingernail debris and the difference in recovery rate of the biological material under fingernails after specific time intervals while immersed in different water bodies. The study uses synthetic/prosthetic fingers that mimics the real-life drowned cases. Among the three different water bodies included in the study, samples recovered from tap water were highest in concentration; with a concentration of approximately 21 ng/µL even after 48 h of submersion. Whereas, the lowest concentrations of DNA, as low as 0.68 ng/µL, were observed in samples that were recovered from the sewage water after 48 h of submersion. The findings revealed that DNA yield varies significantly depending on the type of water body, with freshwater environments (tap water and canal water) showing higher recovery rates compared to polluted waters (sewage water). These results are pivotal in understanding the potential of fingernail debris as a forensic sample for DNA analysis, particularly in the cases of drowning. The use of prosthetic fingers in this study provides a controlled and ethical model that can simulate submersion scenarios and help inform forensic protocols for evidence collection in real-world drowning or submerged body cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 112649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and machine learning identify CACNA1A as a myocyte-specific biomarker for sudden unexplained death in schizophrenia 单核RNA测序和机器学习鉴定出CACNA1A是精神分裂症患者不明原因猝死的肌细胞特异性生物标志物。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112646

Xuanlong Chen , Lu Ma , Yiming Bo , Bing Xia , Yadong Guo , Yanjie Shang , Fengping Yan , Erwen Huang , Weibo Shi , Runtao Ding , Hang Meng , Bi Xiao , Kaijun Ma , Liliang Li

{"title":"Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and machine learning identify CACNA1A as a myocyte-specific biomarker for sudden unexplained death in schizophrenia","authors":"Xuanlong Chen , Lu Ma , Yiming Bo , Bing Xia , Yadong Guo , Yanjie Shang , Fengping Yan , Erwen Huang , Weibo Shi , Runtao Ding , Hang Meng , Bi Xiao , Kaijun Ma , Liliang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sudden unexplained death (SUD) in schizophrenia (SUD-SCZ) represents a distinct subtype of SUD and its diagnosis is particularly challenging in forensic pathology. In this study, we designed a three-phase analytical strategy to identify single-cell level biomarker(s) for the diagnosis of SUD-SCZ. In the discovery phase, we performed single nucleus RNA sequencing analysis of four cardiac tissues from SUD-SCZ cases. We found that cardiomyocytes showed the most prominent transcriptional changes, with significant upregulation of calcium channel-related genes such as CACNA1A, and marked downregulation of key contractile genes including ANKRD1 and PLN. In the validation phase, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was conducted on cardiac tissues from an independent cohort encompassing 29 SUD-SCZ cases and 54 age- and gender-matched control cases. CACNA1A protein expression was significantly elevated in the SUD-SCZ samples, with strong cell-type specificity. In the application phase, based on IHC image features extracted from the CACNA1A staining slides-including color, intensity, and texture etc-we developed a machine learning classifier and constructed a user-friendly diagnostic software (<span><span>https://github.com/cxlcoc/SUD-SCZ-Diagnosis_v1.0</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>). The final model achieved 99 % diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing SUD-SCZ from control samples in the internal case set, and accurately diagnosed all the five cases in an external test set. This study identifies CACNA1A as a novel biomarker for SUD-SCZ and establishes a paradigm that integrates IHC-based images and artificial intelligence, which may also benefit the forensic identification of SUD in a more generalized population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 112646"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of impaction on the mineralisation of third molars and forensic age estimation: A systematic review and meta-analysis 冲击对第三磨牙矿化和法医年龄估计的影响：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112650

Sudheer Babu Balla , Sana Hamid Ali , Asa Priyanka Mula , Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla , Merdietio Boedi Rizky , Ademir Franco , Nikolaos Angelakopoulos , Jyothi Tadakamadla

{"title":"The effect of impaction on the mineralisation of third molars and forensic age estimation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Sudheer Babu Balla , Sana Hamid Ali , Asa Priyanka Mula , Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla , Merdietio Boedi Rizky , Ademir Franco , Nikolaos Angelakopoulos , Jyothi Tadakamadla","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether impaction affects the mineralization and developmental timing of mandibular third molars.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature review was conducted, adhering in part to the PRISMA statement and registered in The International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, PROSPERO: CRD42023454534. Four scientific databases (PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science) were used as primary search sources, and one (OATD) was consulted to retrieve part of the grey literature. Methodological quality was appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies. Mean differences in developmental timing were pooled for random-effect meta-analysis, and subgroup analyses were conducted by developmental stage and sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifteen studies were included in the qualitative review, and five were eligible for meta-analysis. Impacted third molars exhibited a statistically significant developmental delay compared to non-impacted counterparts, with a pooled mean difference of 0.8 years (95 % CI: 0.61–0.98; I²= 81.5 %). Methodological quality was moderate to high, though substantial heterogeneity and population variability were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results suggested that impaction can be associated with a delay of third molar development. This delay was more pronounced in females compared to males, together with variations in stage-specific sub-group analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"378 ","pages":"Article 112650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolomic patterns in fatal carbon monoxide poisoning: A forensic toxicology perspective 致命一氧化碳中毒的代谢组学模式：法医毒理学视角

IF 2.5 3区医学

Forensic science international Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112643

Wilmar Alexander Ariza-Garcia , Daniel Pardo-Rodriguez , Gonzalo Taborda-Ocampo , Milton Rosero-Moreano , Mónica P. Cala

{"title":"Metabolomic patterns in fatal carbon monoxide poisoning: A forensic toxicology perspective","authors":"Wilmar Alexander Ariza-Garcia , Daniel Pardo-Rodriguez , Gonzalo Taborda-Ocampo , Milton Rosero-Moreano , Mónica P. Cala","doi":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.forsciint.2025.112643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning remains a major forensic and public health concern due to its high lethality and diagnostic challenges. Its colorless, odorless nature and the limited reliability of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels—compounded by postmortem changes—complicate toxicological interpretation. This study employed untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics to characterize systemic biochemical alterations in fatal CO poisoning cases. Integrated metabolomic and lipidomic analyses revealed significant dysregulation in lipid-related pathways, including steroid biosynthesis, mitochondrial β-oxidation, fatty acid and sphingolipid metabolism, and lysophospholipid-mediated membrane destabilization. Impaired biosynthesis of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) was also observed, potentially compromising membrane structure and signaling. These findings highlight widespread metabolic disruption affecting energy homeostasis and lipid signaling. Among the altered metabolites, carnitine 18:2 (CAR 18:2) demonstrated strong discriminative power (AUC = 0.846) between CO-poisoned and control cases, suggesting its value as a forensic biomarker. Additionally, lysophosphatidylcholine 18:2 (LPC 18:2) and sphingomyelin 44:1;O₂ (SM 44:1;O₂) emerged as promising candidates. These results underscore the systemic metabolic impact of CO toxicity and support the continued exploration and implementation of targeted lipidomics as alternative forensic biomarkers in fatal poisonings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12341,"journal":{"name":"Forensic science international","volume":"377 ","pages":"Article 112643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0