Fems Microbiology Letters最新文献

Coleopteran-active cry gene profiling and insecticidal activity of indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Holotrichia serrata. 苏云金芽孢杆菌原生菌株鞘翅类活性cry基因分析及其对锯齿状毛癣菌的杀虫活性。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag126

Lavanya Siddanahalli Manjnath, Muthuraju Ramaiah, Jagadeesh Patil, Kolla Sreedevi, Aditya Kukreti, Prasannakumar Mothukapalli Krishnareddy, Pramesh Devanna, Sivakumar Gopalsamy, Satya Nand Sushil, Manjunatha Channappa

{"title":"Coleopteran-active cry gene profiling and insecticidal activity of indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Holotrichia serrata.","authors":"Lavanya Siddanahalli Manjnath, Muthuraju Ramaiah, Jagadeesh Patil, Kolla Sreedevi, Aditya Kukreti, Prasannakumar Mothukapalli Krishnareddy, Pramesh Devanna, Sivakumar Gopalsamy, Satya Nand Sushil, Manjunatha Channappa","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnag126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnag126","url":null,"abstract":"White grub (Holotrichia serrata F.) is a destructive soil-dwelling pest causing severe yield losses in several agricultural and horticultural crops. Owing to its subterranean habit, chemical control is often ineffective, necessitating sustainable biological alternatives. This study investigated the distribution of coleopteran-active cry genes among indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains and evaluated their insecticidal activity against H. serrata. A total of 100 indigenous B. thuringiensis strains isolated from the Western Ghats of India were screened using gene-specific PCR for 12 coleopteran-active cry genes. The most prevalent genes were cry7 (66%), cry26 (65%), cry1b (64%), and cry34 (63%), whereas cry8 and cry9 occurred in fewer than 10% of the isolates. Preliminary bioassays at 380 µg mL⁻¹ identified 20 strains causing > 50% larval mortality. Concentration-dependent bioassays showed that strain NBAIR Bt68 was the most virulent, causing 73% mortality with an LC₅₀ of 149.95 µg mL⁻¹. Highly toxic strains consistently possessed the cry7-cry26-cry34-cry35 gene combination, whereas the total number of cry genes did not correlate with high insecticidal activity. Molecular profiling combined with bioassay evaluation identified indigenous B. thuringiensis strains with promising biocontrol potential and provides insights into the association between cry gene combinations and insecticidal activity against H. serrata.","PeriodicalId":12214,"journal":{"name":"Fems Microbiology Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of heteroresistance, growth and antibiotic selection in shaping the invasion dynamics of colistin resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 耐粘菌素铜绿假单胞菌的异源耐药、生长和抗生素选择对其侵袭动力学的影响。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-10-09 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag125

Angie C Alarcon Rios, Anh Duc Pham, Catherijne A J Knibbe, Daniel E Rozen, J G Coen van Hasselt, Linda B S Aulin

{"title":"The influence of heteroresistance, growth and antibiotic selection in shaping the invasion dynamics of colistin resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.","authors":"Angie C Alarcon Rios, Anh Duc Pham, Catherijne A J Knibbe, Daniel E Rozen, J G Coen van Hasselt, Linda B S Aulin","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnag125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnag125","url":null,"abstract":"Heteroresistance, where a small subpopulation of resistant cells coexists within an otherwise susceptible population, plays a critical role in bacterial survival during antibiotic exposure. Yet, its influence on the invasion success of resistant strains remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the influence of bacterial heteroresistance, growth, and antibiotic selection on the outcome of an invasion experiment. We quantified the invasion dynamics of a colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain across a colistin concentration gradient during co-culture with colistin-susceptible clinical P. aeruginosa isolates with varying levels of heteroresistance. The observed variation in heteroresistance and growth allowed investigation of the impact of these factors on invasion dynamics. Our results show that in antibiotic-free conditions, faster-growing isolates competitively excluded the colistin resistant invader while isolates with high levels of heteroresistance failed to do so. This competitive landscape shifted with increasing colistin concentration, giving the invader a fitness advantage that peaked around 2-4xMIC of the clinical isolate. The invasion dynamics was further influenced by the associated growth characteristics in the clinical isolates. These findings reveal how both heteroresistance and competitive exclusion shapes invasion dynamics. Understanding these interactions is critical for redesigning treatment strategies that minimize ecological opportunities for resistant strains to establish and expand.","PeriodicalId":12214,"journal":{"name":"Fems Microbiology Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In vitro methods for measuring cytotoxic activity of cylindrospermopsin as alternatives to animal testing. 体外测定柱精子素细胞毒活性的方法，以替代动物试验。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-10-08 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag118

Reuven Rasooly, Naomi Balaban, Xiaohua He

{"title":"In vitro methods for measuring cytotoxic activity of cylindrospermopsin as alternatives to animal testing.","authors":"Reuven Rasooly, Naomi Balaban, Xiaohua He","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnag118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnag118","url":null,"abstract":"Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a cyanotoxin produced by cyanobacterial blooms found in brackish and fresh water. CYN is implicated in toxicity to fish, cattle, and humans, by contaminating water, affecting millions of people worldwide. Limitations of current detection methods of CYN, like chromatography and ELISA, are that they cannot differentiate between the deactivated harmless, and active cytotoxic harmful form of toxin. The only current test to detect biologically active CYN is a mouse bioassay. We show here that CYN inhibits in a dose-dependent manner cell metabolic activities and transduced viral replication and protein expression. We used these findings to develop novel in vitro activity assays to identify, quantify, and differentiate the harmful active CYN and the harmless inactive one. These new in vitro cell-based activity assays have similar sensitivities to that of the currently used in vivo LD50 mouse bioassay. Utilizing these in vitro methods, we also demonstrate that CYN is heat-resistant but can be inactivated by pretreatment with H2O2 at a neutral pH after exposure to direct sunlight. Our results suggest that these in vitro assays can be used as an alternative to animal use, to evaluate the presence of biologically active cytotoxic CYN, to ensure water safety.","PeriodicalId":12214,"journal":{"name":"Fems Microbiology Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Skin microbiome mirrors habitat divergence in amphibious combtooth blenny fish (Teleostei, Blenniidae). 皮肤微生物组反映了两栖组合齿混合鱼的栖息地分化。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-10-07 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag123

Ewelina Rubin, Michele Felletti, Therese C Miller, Bastian Bentlage, Diego F B Vaz, Terry J Ord, Iker Irisarri

{"title":"Skin microbiome mirrors habitat divergence in amphibious combtooth blenny fish (Teleostei, Blenniidae).","authors":"Ewelina Rubin, Michele Felletti, Therese C Miller, Bastian Bentlage, Diego F B Vaz, Terry J Ord, Iker Irisarri","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnag123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnag123","url":null,"abstract":"Host-associated microbiomes play vital roles in species' ecology and evolution, yet little is known about their shift during the transition from aquatic to terrestrial habitats. We characterize the skin microbiomes of three combtooth blenny species (Blenniella paula, Praealticus labrovittatus, Alticus arnoldorum) that occupy distinct positions along the intertidal gradient-from fully subtidal to intertidal and supratidal environments. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, we compared skin-associated bacterial communities with those in seawater and substrate biofilms. The divergence between skin and substrate microbiomes parallels fishes' distribution along progressively higher intertidal zones. The supratidal A. arnoldorum had the most divergent microbiome, characterized by higher Gammaproteobacteria abundance and enrichment of epiphytic and mucus-associated taxa. Fish skins were enriched in 27 microbial orders that included genera commonly associated with fish (e.g., Vibrio, Alteromonas, Cetobacterium) but others rarely reported (e.g., Rubritalea, Granulosicoccus). Together, our findings suggest that variation in fish skin microbiomes parallels the ecological transition from subtidal (aquatic) to supratidal (terrestrial) habitats, although host and habitat effects could not be disentangled. We hypothesize that microbial symbionts may contribute to adaptations enabling amphibious lifestyles. This is the first study on fish microbiome variation across the intertidal gradient and offers a framework for predicting microbiome responses to environmental change.","PeriodicalId":12214,"journal":{"name":"Fems Microbiology Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptional analysis of D, D-carboxypeptidase genes as secondary cephalosporin resistance reporters in Escherichia coli harbouring blaCTX-M. 大肠杆菌携带blaCTX-M的D， D-羧基肽酶基因作为头孢菌素耐药二级报告基因的转录分析。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag115

Nikita Karmakar, Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum, Debadatta Dhar Chanda, Mriganka Das, Anupam Das Talukdar, Manabendra Dutta Choudhury, Amitabha Bhattacharjee

{"title":"Transcriptional analysis of D, D-carboxypeptidase genes as secondary cephalosporin resistance reporters in Escherichia coli harbouring blaCTX-M.","authors":"Nikita Karmakar, Jayalaxmi Wangkheimayum, Debadatta Dhar Chanda, Mriganka Das, Anupam Das Talukdar, Manabendra Dutta Choudhury, Amitabha Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnag115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnag115","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of novel plasmid-encoded resistance variants complicates antimicrobial resistance detection by conventional PCR-based methods. Therefore, endogenous secondary resistance genes expressed under antibiotic stresses to produce adaptive resistance mechanisms in bacteria may serve as reporters for AMR detection. This study investigated the transcriptional expression of D,D-carboxypeptidase genes and the transcriptional regulator bolA under oxyimino cephalosporin stress. Thirty clinical Escherichia coli isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility and extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes. Network analysis was performed using Cytoscape. D,D-carboxypeptidase genes were transformed into E. coli HST08 and B. subtilis RIK 1285 using pBE-S DNA; while blaCTX-M-harbouring plasmid was transformed into E. coli DH5α and subsequently eliminated from the parent isolate. MIC determination, growth assessment, and qRT-PCR were performed under ampicillin and oxyimino cephalosporins stress. Network analysis linked peptidoglycan synthesis, β-lactam resistance, and metabolic pathways with penicillin binding protein (PBP)-forming gene sets. Among 27 resistant isolates, 20 harboured blaCTX-M and 15 blaTEM. B. subtilis dacD and E. coli dacA clones showed elevated MICs. The study revealed consistent upregulation of dacB and dacD with host-specific effects on MICs, highlighting their potential as reporters for cephalosporin resistance in future diagnostics. Differential transcriptional responses observed among recombinant strains further suggested host-specific adaptive mechanisms during antibiotic exposure.","PeriodicalId":12214,"journal":{"name":"Fems Microbiology Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149080267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why connecting mycorrhizal research with societal needs matters to advance the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. 为什么将菌根研究与社会需求联系起来对推进联合国可持续发展目标至关重要。

IF 2.2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag027

Pedro Madeira Antunes, Jonathan Plett, Ylva Lekberg

引用次数: 0

Recombination mapping identifies a commensal Neisseria subflava origin of mosaic penA 60.001 allele in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 重组图谱鉴定了淋病奈瑟菌马赛克pena60.001等位基因的共生亚奈瑟菌起源。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag071

Izumo Kanesaka, Akira Ohno, Jolein Gyonne Elise Laumen, Saïd Abdellati, Tessa de Block, Masahiro Morita, Akiko Kanayama Katsuse, Intetsu Kobayashi, Chris Kenyon, Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil

{"title":"Recombination mapping identifies a commensal Neisseria subflava origin of mosaic penA 60.001 allele in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.","authors":"Izumo Kanesaka, Akira Ohno, Jolein Gyonne Elise Laumen, Saïd Abdellati, Tessa de Block, Masahiro Morita, Akiko Kanayama Katsuse, Intetsu Kobayashi, Chris Kenyon, Sheeba Santhini Manoharan-Basil","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnag071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsle/fnag071","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of ceftriaxone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (FC428 clone) has been linked to the acquisition of mosaic penA alleles, yet the origin of the mosaic penA 60.001 alleles and the contribution of commensal Neisseria as genetic donors remain incompletely resolved. We analysed the penA gene from 29 commensal Neisseria isolates collected from adults in Tokyo between 2018 and 2023 and compared these sequences with reference N. gonorrhoeae sequences, including penA-60.001 (FC428). Putative recombination events were inferred using the Recombination Detection Program (RDP5), and region-specific phylogenies were reconstructed with the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) to evaluate congruence across breakpoint schemes. A commensal Neisseria subflava isolate (ID 164862) shared extended, high-identity sequence tracts with the FC428 gonococcal isolate; multiple-sequence alignment showed 87.0% nucleotide identity with a 100% identical region spanning positions 910-1733 bp. Concordantly, RDP5 inferred a recombination event in this region, identifying a contiguous imported segment that was 100% identical between the two sequences. These findings provide molecular evidence that a commensal N. subflava lineage contributed to the mosaic core of the penA 60.001 allele in ceftriaxone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (FC428), and incorporating commensal Neisseria into antimicrobial-resistance surveillance could facilitate early detection of mosaic penA alleles with the potential to disseminate clinically relevant resistance.","PeriodicalId":12214,"journal":{"name":"Fems Microbiology Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic analyses of the single-pass transmembrane protein TspA in Neisseria meningitidis. 脑膜炎奈瑟菌单代跨膜蛋白TspA的遗传分析。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag022

Hideyuki Takahashi, Hiroko Kato, Yuki Ohama, Ken Shimuta, Tatsuo Yanagisawa, Yukihiro Akeda

{"title":"Genetic analyses of the single-pass transmembrane protein TspA in Neisseria meningitidis.","authors":"Hideyuki Takahashi, Hiroko Kato, Yuki Ohama, Ken Shimuta, Tatsuo Yanagisawa, Yukihiro Akeda","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnag022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsle/fnag022","url":null,"abstract":"Neisseria meningitidis typically colonizes human nasopharynges and happens to invade the bloodstream and cerebrospinal fluid. While the machinery on meningococcal pathogenesis via the pili have been uncovered in detail, molecular characters and mechanisms by pathogenic factors other than pili has been remained to be elucidated. In this study, one of the factors, outer membrane protein TspA, was examined. Biochemical and immunological analyses revealed that TspA was a single-pass transmembrane protein protruding the N-terminus extracellularly at the outer membrane. Infection assays of tspA deletion (ΔtspA) mutant and the ΔtspA mutant ectopically complemented with the tspA+ gene with human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) revealed that tspA was participated in the meningococcal adhesion and invasion. Since tspA mutation is reported to be unlink to the pili, TspA was considered to function directly to HBMEC. However, tspA mutant deleted with the N-terminal extracellular domains, chimeric tspA mutants in which the N-terminal domain fused to the Escherichia coli periplasmic proteins MalE and EmrA or dimeric proteins DsbG and DsbC did not compensate the infection ability to HBMEC. The results in this study might implicate some insights into meningococcal infection to human cells in a pili-indirect manner.","PeriodicalId":12214,"journal":{"name":"Fems Microbiology Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147283177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long vs. short read sequencing for microbial ecology of sedimentary environments: a case study from Lake Arnon, Switzerland. 沉积环境微生物生态的长/短序列测定：以瑞士阿尔农湖为例。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag072

Camille Thomas, Aliisa K Laakkonen, Deborah R Rast, Gaetan Sauter, Katrina Kremer, Max Shore, Hendrik Vogel

{"title":"Long vs. short read sequencing for microbial ecology of sedimentary environments: a case study from Lake Arnon, Switzerland.","authors":"Camille Thomas, Aliisa K Laakkonen, Deborah R Rast, Gaetan Sauter, Katrina Kremer, Max Shore, Hendrik Vogel","doi":"10.1093/femsle/fnag072","DOIUrl":"10.1093/femsle/fnag072","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial communities in the subsurface biosphere remain poorly characterized because many taxa lack cultured representatives and genomic references, limiting the accuracy of taxonomy inferred from short-read 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. We tested the hypothesis that long-read 16S sequencing improves taxonomic resolution and detection of rare lineages compared with short-read approaches in low-biomass, diversity-rich sediments. Microbial communities from a sediment core of Lake Arnon (Switzerland) were analyzed using both long-and short-read sequencing, and community composition, diversity metrics, and taxonomic resolution were compared. Sequencing technology influenced observed community structure, but sediment depth also exerted a strong effect. Taxonomic profiles were broadly consistent across methods for most bacterial groups, whereas archaeal diversity was underrepresented in long-read datasets due to primer mismatches. When detected, long reads provided higher taxonomic resolution, frequently to species level, improving ecological interpretation and inference of metabolic potential. Finer-scale analyses, including species contributions to beta diversity and co-occurrence networks, showed greater specificity with long reads. These results demonstrate that long-read sequencing can substantially enhance subsurface microbial characterization, provided that primer design is optimized, and highlight its potential to improve assessments of microbial identity, structure, and function in low-biomass environments.","PeriodicalId":12214,"journal":{"name":"Fems Microbiology Letters","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13317457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social relevance of microbiology literacy. 微生物学素养的社会相关性。

IF 2 4区生物学

Fems Microbiology Letters Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnag051

Juan L Ramos, Sukanya Lal, Utkarsh Sood, Princy Hira, Abhilash Kumar, Víctor de Lorenzo, Zulema Udaondo, Christin Baumgärtel, Lars M Blank, Julia Lorke, Nicole Maaßen, Max Chavarria, Kenneth N Timmis, Rup Lal

引用次数: 0