Eye and Vision最新文献

{"title":"Joint effects of visual acuity impairment and visual field loss on reading performance: a low-vision simulation in Chinese readers.","authors":"Xuhong Luo, Sijie Ye, Bangyan Sun, Yuanyuan Liu, Xiaoyue Hu, Lizhong Wang, Xiaoman Li, Jie Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00497-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00497-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the individual and joint effects of reduced visual acuity (VA) and restricted visual field (VF) on the reading performance of Chinese readers under standardized low-vision simulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-one adults were randomized to three simulated distance VA levels using Bangerter foils: normal VA (≤ 0.30 logMAR), mild VA impairment (VAI) (0.30 logMAR< VA ≤ 0.52 logMAR), and moderate VAI (> 0.52 logMAR). VF was simulated as normal, moderate VF impairment (VFI) (20° radius), or severe VFI (10° radius) using specially designed goggles. Reading speed (RS) was measured using the Chinese International Reading Speed Texts (IReST). Maximum reading speed (MRS), reading acuity (RA), and critical print size (CPS) were measured using the Chinese Reading Acuity Chart. RS and MRS were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models, whereas RA and CPS were analyzed using generalized estimating equations with a gamma distribution and log link.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reduced VA and restricted VF significantly decreased RS and MRS. Compared with normal VA, mild VAI reduced RS by 80.6 characters per minute (cpm, 95% CI: - 98.4 to - 62.7) and MRS by 52.9 cpm (95% CI: - 65.3 to - 40.6), while moderate VAI reduced MRS by 63.3 cpm (95% CI: - 75.6 to - 50.9). Moderate VFI and severe VFI reduced RS by 9.5 cpm (95% CI: - 16.7 to - 2.4) and 38.1 cpm (95% CI: - 45.3 to - 31.0), and reduced MRS by 11.0 cpm (95% CI: - 19.0 to - 3.1) and 25.2 cpm (95% CI: - 33.1 to - 17.3), respectively. Under combined impairment, participants with mild VAI and severe VFI demonstrated an additional reduction in RS of - 20.1 cpm (95% CI: - 30.2 to - 10.0). Additional reductions in MRS were observed in participants with moderate VAI combined with moderate VFI (- 20.6 cpm; 95% CI: - 31.8 to - 9.4) and severe VFI (- 40.0 cpm; 95% CI: - 51.2 to - 28.8). RA and CPS were primarily influenced by VA. VF restriction only showed small effects on RA and no meaningful effect on CPS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both reduced VA and VF constriction significantly impaired reading performance, with VA loss emerging as the dominant factor. Under standardized simulation of low-vision conditions, combined impairments produced additional reductions in RS and MRS. These findings support the evaluation of reading performance in low-vision rehabilitation and earlier visual rehabilitation in patients with combined VA and VF impairments.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400080206).</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13262081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148224139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Choroidal vascular biomarkers for macular neovascularization in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: insights from widefield indocyanine green angiography.","authors":"Xinlei Hao, Jiaxin Pu, Yuhong Gan, Yongyue Su, Xuenan Zhuang, Guiqin He, Yining Zhang, Xuelin Chen, Yi He, Guanghan Zhang, Miaoling Li, Feng Wen","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00494-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00494-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the correlation between choroidal vasculature characteristics and the formation of macular neovascularization (MNV) in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), based on widefield indocyanine green angiography (WF-ICGA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, observational study. Patients with chronic CSC with complete medical records and multimodal imaging conducted between September 2022 and June 2025, were included. Eyes with chronic CSC were divided into the MNV and non-MNV groups based on the presence or absence of MNV. WF-ICGA was performed to obtain choroidal characteristics, including vortex vein (VV), dominant VV (DVV), posterior VV, intervortex venous anastomosis (IVA), and age-related scattered hypofluorescent spots on late-phase indocyanine green angiography (ASHS-LIA). Choroidal characteristics were quantitatively and qualitatively assessed and compared between eyes with and without MNVs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 293 eyes from 212 patients (164 males, 77.36%) were analyzed. Of these, 96 presented with secondary MNV (32.76%), whereas 197 did not. Compared with that of the non-MNV group, the MNV group exhibited a more advanced age and worse visual acuity (all P < 0.001). Regarding choroidal characteristics, MNV cases more frequently exhibited an asymmetric distribution pattern (P = 0.032), solitary DVV (P = 0.041), superotemporal DVV location (P = 0.005), macular IVA (P = 0.027), and ASHS-LIA (P < 0.001). In the generalized linear-mixed model, which was adjusted for age, sex, and symptom duration, the occurrence of MNV correlated with the presence of superotemporal DVV, macular IVA, and ASHS-LIA (P < 0.001, P = 0.003, and P = 0.011, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WF-ICGA-derived choroidal vascular characteristics were identified as potential biomarkers for the development of MNV in eyes with chronic CSC. The presence of superotemporal DVV, macular IVA, and ASHS-LIA may serve as independent associated factors for predicting the development of MNV.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13248306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential regulation of myopia progression by ON and OFF stimulation in guinea pigs.","authors":"Qiqi Xie, Qin Dai, Xiuying Zhu, Xi Chen, Bingyan Shen, Yenan Fang, Xinyu Li, Fan Lu, Xiangtian Zhou, Min Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00495-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00495-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effects of ON and OFF retinal pathway stimulation on lens-induced myopia (LIM) in mammalian models remain unclear. This study examined refractive, choroidal, and dopamine (DA)-related responses to artificial dynamic ON and OFF stimulation during the development of LIM in guinea pigs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty-three guinea pigs were randomly assigned to ON, OFF, and natural control (NC) stimulation for 12 h/day over 7 days. LIM was induced using a - 4.0 D monocular lens. Refraction, axial length (AL), choroidal thickness (ChT), and choroidal blood perfusion (ChBP) were assessed before and after treatment. DA and metabolites were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), interocular differences were calculated, and choroidal proteomes were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based bioinformatics analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ON stimulation significantly reduced myopic shift compared with NC and OFF stimulation (Δ refraction: - 2.13 ± 0.40 D vs. - 4.03 ± 0.35 D and - 3.98 ± 0.50 D, respectively; both P < 0.01). No significant differences in AL were observed among groups. OFF stimulation uniquely preserved ChBP (ΔChBP: 0.51% ± 2.18%), significantly different from ON (- 6.11% ± 1.76%, P = 0.0330) and NC (- 7.78% ± 1.44%, P = 0.0057). OFF stimulation also showed less choroidal thinning (ΔChT: - 3.06 ± 2.23 μm) compared to NC (- 12.35 ± 2.7 μm, P = 0.0171). In non-lens eyes, ON stimulation produced higher ChBP than NC or OFF stimulation, and ChT changes were positively correlated with ChBP under all conditions (P < 0.0001). Retinal 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels were significantly higher in the ON group (17.65 ± 12.67) than in the NC group (- 25.75 ± 9.23, P = 0.0095). Vitreal DA markers showed no significant differences among groups. Proteomic analysis revealed distinct choroidal remodeling signatures among ON, OFF, and NC groups, with ON stimulation associated with the smallest number of differentially expressed proteins and a relatively preserved pattern of collagen and fibrillin expression compared with more pronounced extracellular matrix (ECM) depletion under NC and over-compensatory ECM upregulation under OFF stimulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ON and OFF stimulation differentially regulated ocular responses to myopia. ON stimulation was associated with attenuated myopic shift and increased retinal DOPAC levels, suggesting enhanced DA metabolism. OFF stimulation was associated with preserved ChT and ChBP, accompanied by upregulation of ECM components. These findings suggest that effective myopia control strategies may require coordinated engagement of both ON- and OFF-pathway-mediated mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13248434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148210761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of a new fully automated biometer integrating optical low-coherence reflectometry and Placido-disk topography.","authors":"Yihong Chen, Xinning Yang, Zheng Li, Bowen Tan, Kexin Li, Giacomo Savini, Domenico Schiano-Lomoriello, Xingtao Zhou, Chak Seng Lei, Jinhai Huang","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00492-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00492-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the precision (intraobserver repeatability and interobserver reproducibility) of the AL550, an automated biometer that integrates optical low-coherence reflectometry with Placido-disk topography, and to assess the inter-device agreement with the IOLMaster 700.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study enrolled 112 healthy participants. Each participant underwent three consecutive right-eye measurements by two operators with different levels of experience using the AL550 to assess intraobserver and interobserver variability. Additionally, three measurements were obtained by a skilled operator using the IOLMaster 700 for inter-device comparison. The parameters assessed included axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), flattest, steepest, and mean keratometry (Kf, Ks, and Km), astigmatism, and corneal diameter (CD). Measurement precision was analyzed using the within-subject standard deviation (Sw), test-retest repeatability (TRT), coefficient of variation (CoV), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Inter-device agreement was assessed using paired t-tests and Bland-Altman analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AL550 demonstrated excellent repeatability and reproducibility across all parameters, with low Sw, TRT, and CoV values, and ICCs exceeding 0.939. Inter-device agreement with the IOLMaster 700 was excellent for most parameters, with narrow 95% limits of agreement (LoA) (AL: - 0.09 to 0.08 mm, CCT: - 16.55 to 5.46 μm, ACD: - 0.04 to 0.18 mm, LT: - 0.27 to 0.07 mm, Km: - 0.26 to 0.26 D). However, CD exhibited a wider 95% LoA (- 0.82 to - 0.15 mm).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The AL550 provides highly repeatable and reproducible biometric measurements with minimal operator dependence. Inter-device agreement with the IOLMaster 700 was excellent for all parameters except CD, suggesting that the two devices may be used interchangeably in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13224415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between long-term blood pressure fluctuations and visual field progression in primary open-angle glaucoma: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"De-Fu Chen, Tao Wang, Jinrui Zhang, Chenmin Wang, Xiaonan Lu, Jingyu Xiao, Qiangjie Huang, Yuanbo Liang","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00490-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00490-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the association between long-term blood pressure (BP) variability (BPVR) and visual field (VF) progression in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective cohort study, linear mixed-effect models were used to assess the associations between BP metrics and VF progression rates. BPVR and intraocular pressure (IOP) variability during the follow-up period were calculated by dividing the respective standard deviation values by the mean values. Correlated non-fluctuating BP metrics (baseline, mean, maximum, and minimum BP) were combined using principal component analysis separately for systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). The first principal component was included as a covariate. Interactions between covariates and time from baseline were modelled to evaluate their effects on VF progression rates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 157 eyes of 157 patients with POAG (mean baseline age, 56.3 ± 13.6 years) were included. VF progression was observed in 71 eyes (45%). These eyes showed a significantly higher incidence of disc haemorrhage (DH) than eyes without VF progression (36.6% vs. 15.1%, P = 0.002). In Cox proportional-hazard analysis, the presence of DH (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-4.28, P < 0.001) and higher systolic BPVR (SBPVR; HR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.24, P = 0.040) were significant predictors of VF progression. Additionally, SBPVR was significantly associated with faster VF progression (coefficient: - 0.127 dB/year per 1% increase, 95% CI - 0.247 to - 0.008, P = 0.037), whereas IOP variability (P = 0.284) and diastolic BPVR (DBPVR; P = 0.859) were not significantly associated with the progression rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term BP variability, particularly SBPVR, may be an independent risk factor for accelerated VF progression in POAG. Monitoring BP variability may help identify patients at higher risk of disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13192074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147987273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography angiography plus colour fundus photography in von Hippel‒Lindau disease: detection, classification, and correlations with findings on fluorescein angiography.","authors":"Xiaonan Zhuang, Yao Zhou, Fengjuan Gao, Yi Xuan, Min Wang, Qing Chang, Xin Huang, Gezhi Xu, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00489-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00489-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To compare the utility of single-capture ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF-OCTA) and UWF-OCTA plus UWF colour fundus photography (UWF-CFP) versus UWF fluorescein angiography (UWF-FA) in detecting retinal capillary haemangiomas (RCHs) in von Hippel‒Lindau disease (VHL) and to explore the associations of RCH multimodal imaging features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational cross-sectional study, all enrolled eyes underwent single-capture UWF-OCTA (29 × 24 mm). RCHs suspected on UWF-CFP with eye-steering were further checked using regional UWF-OCTA scans. UWF-FA was used for comparison. Independent observers performed the RCH detection and characterisation using different imaging methods. The detection performance was compared, and logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with leakage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-nine eyes of 21 patients with VHL were included in this study. At the eye level, UWF-OCTA plus UWF-CFP exhibited a similar performance to UWF-FA in detecting RCH involvement (87.2% vs. 89.7%, P = 0.319) and the median number of RCHs per eye (2 vs. 2, P = 0.252). However, the RCH involvement rate (61.5% vs. 89.7%, P < 0.001) and number of RCHs per eye (1 vs. 2, P = 0.003) were lower with single-capture UWF-OCTA than with UWF-FA. At the RCH level, UWF-OCTA plus UWF-CFP showed slightly lower detection rates than did UWF-FA, albeit without statistical significance (86.8% vs. 93.4%, P = 0.057). Single-capture UWF-OCTA detected significantly fewer RCHs than did UWF-FA (51.7% vs. 93.4%, P < 0.001). RCHs were classified according to OCTA B-scan characteristics. Types 1 (48.8%) and 2 (18.1%) RCHs exhibited a nodular appearance with protrusion into the vitreous cavity and compression of the outer retina, respectively. Type 3 RCHs (28.3%) displayed flat growth patterns, whereas type 4 RCHs (4.7%) breached the inner limiting membrane. Logistic regression revealed that RCH size > 0.5 mm was associated with hyperfluorescence with leakage (odds ratio [OR]: 10.987; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.747 to 69.090; P = 0.011), whereas type 3 RCH was associated with lower odds of leakage than type 1 (OR: 0.083; 95% CI: 0.026 to 0.267; P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A screening strategy integrating UWF-OCTA and UWF-CFP, instead of 150° single-capture UWF-OCTA alone, is reliable for non-invasive detection of RCHs in patients with VHL. OCTA-derived features, particularly the morphological subtype, may replace FA in assessing RCH activity and guiding the management of ocular VHL.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13173854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147927971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uveal and retinal abnormalities in an Asian neurofibromatosis type 1 cohort: a cross-sectional study with age-stratified analysis.","authors":"Shipeng Guo, Xuan Yu, Haonan Ma, Mingyang Wang, Dian Jiao, Xuerui Zhang, Yuan Yang, Haodong Xiao, Wenting Zhang, Huanyu Liu, Yufan Yang, Jie Peng, Zhichao Wang, Peiquan Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00488-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00488-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although ocular manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have been described extensively in Western cohorts, systematic data in Asian populations remain limited, and age-related phenotypic variations have not been comprehensively characterized. This study investigated the prevalence and multidimensional characteristics of NF1-related ocular manifestations in Asian populations, using age-stratified analysis of uveal and retinal abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 228 Chinese patients with NF1 underwent comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations. Examinations included slit-lamp biomicroscopy, ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus photography, near-infrared reflectance (NIR) imaging, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess retinal and uveal abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 228 patients with NF1 (46.1% male; median age 14 years) were enrolled. Lisch nodules were detected in 82.82% of patients, with highest prevalence during puberty and greater counts in older individuals (P < 0.001). Lisch nodules showed a tendency for inferior distribution and likely progressive darkening with age. Choroidal abnormalities were identified in 89.94% of patients, exceeding the prevalence of Lisch nodules (P < 0.001). Both the number and area of choroidal abnormalities correlated positively with age (P < 0.001), with predominant distribution at the posterior pole. Retinal vascular abnormalities (RVAs), retinal astrocytic hamartomas (RAHs), and iris mammillations were observed in 9.47%, 1.83%, and 8.37% of patients, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Asian patients with NF1, older individuals exhibited a greater burden of uveal abnormalities. Lisch nodules demonstrated preliminary evidence of an age-dependent darkening phenotype. Choroidal abnormalities were more prevalent than Lisch nodules and consistently present across age groups, making them valuable diagnostic markers in paediatric patients. Compared with Western cohorts, Chinese paediatric patients with NF1 exhibited earlier onset of both Lisch nodules and choroidal abnormalities. These findings refine ethnicity-specific ocular profiles of NF1 and underscore the importance of timely ophthalmic surveillance, particularly in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13169606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147927981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of effectiveness of four myopia control interventions in Chinese children: a real-world retrospective study.","authors":"Lizhen Chen, Li Sun, Xiaojing Chen, Jiaxing Liu, Jinfa Li, Hiu Ying Leung, Jingfa Zhang, Dennis S C Lam","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00487-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00487-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myopia is a global public health issue, necessitating effective control strategies. Defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) and highly aspherical lenslet (HAL) spectacle lenses, as well as their combination with low-concentration atropine (0.01%), have been shown to control myopia effectively. However, direct comparisons among these regimens, DIMS, HAL, DIMSA (DIMS + atropine), and HALA (HAL + atropine), are lacking. In this real-world study, we compared their effectiveness in slowing myopia progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center retrospective cohort study included 347 children (694 eyes) aged 6-14 years who received one of the four interventions for at least 1 year. The primary outcome was the annual change in axial length (AL). The secondary outcome was the annual change in spherical equivalent refraction (SER). The treatment response was categorized as good, fair, or poor. Linear mixed models and generalized estimating equations were used for analysis, adjusting for covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment, annual axial elongation differed significantly among the groups (P < 0.001), with marginal means of 0.23 mm (DIMS), 0.15 mm (HAL), 0.20 mm (DIMSA), and 0.12 mm (HALA). Post hoc comparisons revealed that both HAL and HALA were superior to DIMS (P < 0.001) and that HALA was superior to DIMSA (P = 0.022). Adding 0.01% atropine to either optical monotherapy did not provide a significant additional benefit in terms of mean AL or SER outcomes. Compared with DIMS, HALA significantly increased the odds of a good response for AL (OR = 4.34, P < 0.001) and SER (OR = 5.85, P < 0.001), whereas this effect was not observed with DIMSA. Older age independently predicted better response (AL: OR = 1.46/year; SER: OR = 1.26/year; both P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this non-randomized real-world comparison, HAL monotherapy was associated with slower SER progression, compared with DIMS. Although adding atropine did not improve mean outcomes, HALA showed the highest likelihood of a good response, suggesting a clinically meaningful benefit in response distribution. Although HALA did not consistently outperform HAL monotherapy across analyses, its advantage in achieving favourable individual responses supports its consideration for children requiring maximal intervention. These findings require confirmation in prospective randomized trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13162417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147873963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal backscatter as a biomarker for edema severity in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Maximilian Friedrich, Hyeck-Soo Son, Lasha-Giorgi Turava, Maximilian Hammer, Louise Blöck, Lizaveta Chychko, Timur Mert Yildirim, Gerd Uwe Auffarth, Victor Aristide Augustin","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00483-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00483-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is characterized by progressive endothelial dysfunction and corneal edema. Reliable objective biomarkers for grading disease severity are currently evolving. Corneal backscatter may reflect edema-related changes in corneal transparency and could serve as an additional objective measure of FECD severity across different edema stages. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of corneal backscatter as a biomarker for severity of FECD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective, observational, single-center cross-sectional study, 99 eyes of 67 patients with FECD were divided into three groups depending on the presence of clinical, subclinical or no corneal edema. The corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was obtained and Scheimpflug tomography was performed. Subclinical corneal edema was diagnosed if more than one of the following criteria were present in Scheimpflug tomography: loss of regular isopachs, displacement of the thinnest point of the cornea, and focal posterior corneal surface depression. Clinical corneal edema was diagnosed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy. The primary outcome was the difference in total corneal backscatter in the central 2-mm zone. Secondary analyses were the correlation of corneal backscatter to CDVA, tomographic parameters such as central corneal thickness (CCT) and thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), as well as their diagnostic accuracy and predictive potential to differentiate between edema severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total central corneal backscatter was significantly higher among eyes with high edema severity (P < 0.05). Differences in corneal backscatter between subgroups diminished with increasing depth of corneal layer and towards the periphery. The anterior (Marginal R² = 0.260; P < 0.001) and total (Marginal R² = 0.208; P < 0.001) corneal backscatter in the central 2-mm zone correlated well with CDVA. Corneal backscatter showed a higher correlation with CDVA than CCT (Marginal R² = 0.198; P < 0.001) and TCT (Marginal R² = 0.096; P = 0.004). Central corneal backscatter in the anterior 120 µm demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing subclinical corneal edema from no edema (threshold = 31.2 GSU; AUC = 0.73) or clinical edema (threshold = 34.9 GSU; AUC = 0.76).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study corroborates that corneal backscatter values increase with increasing corneal edema stage and therefore present a potential adjunctive biomarker to assess FECD severity in addition to edema status and clinical gradings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13130732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-surface aberration-increasing lenses versus single-vision lenses in non-myopic children: a randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Weiwei Lu, Shiqi Zhou, Lihua Yu, Renai Chen, Ruru Chen, Yang Zhao, Lan Wang, Yi Chen, Fan Lu, Jiawei Zhou, Wanqing Jin","doi":"10.1186/s40662-026-00486-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40662-026-00486-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the 1-year preventive efficacy of dual-surface aberration-increasing (DSAI) lenses on axial elongation and refractive change in non-myopic children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a 2-year randomized, controlled, prospective trial with a planned interim analysis at the 1-year follow-up to assess the preliminary efficacy and safety of DSAI lenses. One hundred children aged 6-12 years with cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction between -0.50 diopters (D) and + 2.00 D, classified as non-myopic, were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to wear either DSAI spectacle lenses or single-vision (SV) spectacle lenses in daily life. The primary outcomes were axial elongation and refractive change relative to baseline measurements, with axial elongation considered the main structural outcome in the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enrolment commenced in June 2023. One hundred participants were recruited, and 92 (DSAI group: n = 46, mean ± standard deviation age: 8.15 ± 1.49 years; SV group: n = 46, 8.32 ± 1.62 years) completed the 1-year follow-up. No intervention-related adverse events were observed during the study period. Participants in the DSAI group exhibited significantly less axial elongation (difference: 0.15 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06 to 0.24 mm; P = 0.002) and refractive change (difference: -0.26 D; 95% CI: -0.50 to -0.02 D; P = 0.032) than those in the SV group. Subgroup analysis showed that emmetropic children, older children (8.1-12.0 years), and those wearing lenses for longer durations (≥ 11 h/day) in the DSAI group had significantly less model-adjusted axial elongation than the corresponding SV subgroups (all P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 1-year interim results suggest that DSAI lenses help to slow axial elongation and refractive change in non-myopic children, with a relatively greater effect observed in emmetropic children, older children, and those who wore the lenses for longer durations.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This trial is registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Registry with trial registration number: ChiCTR2300078464.</p>","PeriodicalId":12194,"journal":{"name":"Eye and Vision","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147766831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}