Expert Review of Clinical Immunology最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
The evolving landscape of primary atopic disorders. 原发性特应性疾病的发展前景。
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-05 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712647
Giulia Vittori, Ivan Taietti, Riccardo Castagnoli
{"title":"The evolving landscape of primary atopic disorders.","authors":"Giulia Vittori, Ivan Taietti, Riccardo Castagnoli","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712647","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712647","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"829-833"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recognizing and treating serious allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) in infants and toddlers: a plain language review. 识别和治疗婴幼儿严重过敏反应(过敏反应):简单的语言回顾。
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-30 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2695166
Michael Pistiner, Ari Cohen, Sanaz Eftekhari, Rachael Griffiths, Jay Lieberman
{"title":"Recognizing and treating serious allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) in infants and toddlers: a plain language review.","authors":"Michael Pistiner, Ari Cohen, Sanaz Eftekhari, Rachael Griffiths, Jay Lieberman","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2695166","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2695166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"949-965"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coexisting inflammatory bowel disease and eosinophilic esophagitis: moving beyond parallel narratives to an integrated framework. 共存的炎症性肠病和嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎:超越平行叙事到一个综合框架
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2725811
Chidera Onwuzo, Cynthia Okonkwo, Gaurav Chauhan, Idan Goren
{"title":"Coexisting inflammatory bowel disease and eosinophilic esophagitis: moving beyond parallel narratives to an integrated framework.","authors":"Chidera Onwuzo, Cynthia Okonkwo, Gaurav Chauhan, Idan Goren","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2725811","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2725811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are chronic immune-mediated gastrointestinal disorders traditionally framed as biologically distinct, yet epidemiologic data increasingly support a bidirectional association.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This narrative review examines the epidemiology,immunopathogenesis, and clinical implications of coexisting EoE and IBD using a targeted PubMed search through 2025 with reference-list screening. Although EoE is classically driven by type 2 inflammation and IBD by Th1/Th17 pathways, both disorders converge on epithelial barrier injury, innate immune dysregulation, and fibroblast-mediated remodeling. These shared downstream mechanisms may help explain diagnostic overshadowing, treatment resistance, and an increased propensity for fibrostenotic complications in patients with dual disease.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Coexisting EoE and IBD may be better viewed less as a chance overlap and more as a potentially meaningful clinical association. A mechanism-based approach that incorporates risk enrichment, early endoscopic evaluation, nutritional comanagement, and therapies directed at shared inflammatory-fibrotic pathways may improve outcomes. Future progress will depend on prospective cohorts, biomarker development, and trials that intentionally include patients with both conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"869-882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ustekinumab for the treatment of psoriasis: a well-established therapy primed for resurgence. Ustekinumab用于治疗牛皮癣:一种成熟的治疗方法。
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712643
Omar Raheel, Alexander Uche, Pauline Do, Victoria McGuirt, Steven R Feldman
{"title":"Ustekinumab for the treatment of psoriasis: a well-established therapy primed for resurgence.","authors":"Omar Raheel, Alexander Uche, Pauline Do, Victoria McGuirt, Steven R Feldman","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712643","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ustekinumab has been an approved biologic therapy for moderate-to-severe psoriasis for over 16 years. With the emergence of newer IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors, its use was largely supplanted by these more effective treatments. With the introduction of biosimilars, ustekinumab's potential role in the current treatment landscape warrants reassessment, as insurers may encourage first line use again.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review summarizes the mechanism of action, clinical trial data, real-world evidence, and biosimilar development of ustekinumab in psoriasis. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and relevant clinical trial databases, focusing on studies published from 2008 to 2025. Key trials, including PHOENIX, ACCEPT, CLEAR, and UltIMMa, as well as registry data and recent observational studies, are discussed to evaluate efficacy, safety, and comparative effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>While newer biologics are more effective, ustekinumab remains a good option due to its dosing convenience, established safety profile, efficacy for the common psoriatic arthritis comorbidity, and lower cost afforded by ustekinumab biosimilars. In health systems that prioritize exclusively efficacy and safety, ustekinumab may play little role in psoriasis management. However, in systems that prioritize lower cost treatment, biosimilar adalimumab and ustekinumab could be preferred first line treatments, and of these two, ustekinumab may be preferred over adalimumab because of greater efficacy, better safety, and fewer injections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"845-854"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The elusive link: EBV in MS. 难以捉摸的联系:多发性硬化症中的EBV。
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-08 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2713626
Svetlana P Eckert, Gabriela Funez-DePagnier, Mark D Hicar, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman
{"title":"The elusive link: EBV in MS.","authors":"Svetlana P Eckert, Gabriela Funez-DePagnier, Mark D Hicar, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2713626","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2713626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The link between the risk of developing Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been confirmed. However, the mechanisms by which EBV influences MS remain unclear, likely due to the complex interplay among the EBV subtype, the host's immune response, and viral and environmental exposures.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>In this review, we explore some of those complexities and the evidence on how EBV may contribute, at the molecular level, to MS pathogenesis across the spectrum of MS disease, both relapsing-remitting and progressive. For this review, we searched PubMed and Medline entries using a combination of terms related to 'Epstein-Barr Virus,' 'Multiple Sclerosis,' 'disease-modifying therapies,' and 'EBV activity.' Those search results were then used to address how EBV relates to MS pathophysiology and how the effects of MS risk factors and the efficacy of disease-modifying therapies may be explained by their effects on EBV.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>We posit that addressing EBV infection and viral replication is vital to the discovery of a cure for MS. Given that multiple genetic factors are involved, targeting EBV within cellular reservoirs and suppressing EBV protein expression is likely to provide the greatest benefit in preventing MS disease activity, progression, and immune-mediated neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"929-940"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IL-17 at the eye-joint interface in psoriatic disease: mechanisms, clinical correlates, and therapeutic implications. 银屑病中眼关节界面的IL-17:机制、临床相关性和治疗意义。
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-12 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712644
Mario Troisi, Salvatore Troisi, Luisa Costa, Piero Ruscitti, Francesco Maione, Ciro Costagliola, Roberto Giacomelli, Luca Cantarini, Claudia Fabiani, Francesco Caso
{"title":"IL-17 at the eye-joint interface in psoriatic disease: mechanisms, clinical correlates, and therapeutic implications.","authors":"Mario Troisi, Salvatore Troisi, Luisa Costa, Piero Ruscitti, Francesco Maione, Ciro Costagliola, Roberto Giacomelli, Luca Cantarini, Claudia Fabiani, Francesco Caso","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712644","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2712644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease in which the IL-23/Th17/IL-17 axis contributes to musculoskeletal and extra-musculoskeletal inflammation. Ocular manifestations, particularly dry eye disease (DED), uveitis, and less frequently episcleritis and scleritis, are increasingly recognized across psoriatic disease, although their pathobiology and relationship to systemic inflammatory pathways remain incompletely defined.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This narrative review examines evidence linking IL-17 to ocular disease in psoriatic disease, with emphasis on ocular surface inflammation. We summarize ocular involvement in PsA, review mechanistic and translational data across skin, enthesis, synovium, and the lacrimal-ocular surface unit, and appraise clinical data on IL-17-pathway inhibitors, including their established musculoskeletal and cutaneous efficacy and less consistent ocular effects.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>IL-17 may contribute to ocular surface inflammation in PsA, but this remains largely inferential because direct PsA-specific ocular data are scarce. IL-17A inhibitors are effective in musculoskeletal and cutaneous disease, yet ocular benefit cannot be assumed from systemic efficacy. Current evidence suggests limited impact on established DED and less consistent uveitis protection than monoclonal TNF inhibition. Prospective studies with adjudicated ocular endpoints and tear/conjunctival profiling are needed to define whether IL-17-responsive ocular phenotypes exist in PsA.</p>","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"883-899"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging treatment strategies in systemic lupus erythematosus: integrating molecular stratification, targeted therapy, and treatment response evaluation. 系统性红斑狼疮的新治疗策略:整合分子分层、靶向治疗和治疗反应评估。
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2724853
Yurie Satoh-Kanda, Shingo Nakayamada, Yoshiya Tanaka
{"title":"Emerging treatment strategies in systemic lupus erythematosus: integrating molecular stratification, targeted therapy, and treatment response evaluation.","authors":"Yurie Satoh-Kanda, Shingo Nakayamada, Yoshiya Tanaka","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2724853","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2724853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by marked clinical and immunological heterogeneity. Recent advances indicate that SLE comprises multiple molecular endotypes driven by distinct immune pathways, underscoring the need for a precision medicine approach.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Literature was identified through searches of PubMed/MEDLINE using keywords including 'systemic lupus erythematosus,' 'precision medicine,' 'biomarkers,' 'multi-omics,' 'lupus nephritis,' 'CAR-T,' and related terms. Landmark clinical trials, translational studies, and recent high-impact publications published through May 2026 were preferentially included. This review summarizes advances in SLE stratification based on immune phenotyping and multi-omics approaches and outlines emerging therapies, including biologics, intracellular inhibitors, and cell-based treatments. It also discusses challenges in clinical trial design and treatment response assessment.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Improving outcomes in SLE will require the integration of molecular stratification, mechanism-based therapy, and refined response assessment. However, the routine implementation of precision medicine remains limited by the lack of standardized biomarkers, accessible multi-omics platforms, and validated patient stratification algorithms. The development of standardized, clinically applicable stratification tools together with novel outcome measures will be essential for translating precision medicine into routine clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"855-868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Direct immunofluorescence in the clinic for pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases. 直接免疫荧光在天疱疮和类天疱疮疾病的临床应用。
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2724860
Hua Qian, Yuguang Zhao, Mako Mine, Xiaoguang Li, Takashi Hashimoto
{"title":"Direct immunofluorescence in the clinic for pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases.","authors":"Hua Qian, Yuguang Zhao, Mako Mine, Xiaoguang Li, Takashi Hashimoto","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2724860","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2724860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) is a cornerstone diagnostic tool for autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBDs), providing critical tissue-based visualization of immune deposits.</p><p><strong>Area covered: </strong>Literatures were searched using Pubmed with DIF and pemphigus or pemphigoid or AIBD as keywords before 20 December 2025. This review details the role of DIF in the diagnoses of AIBDs, both pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases, highlighting characteristic staining patterns. Pemphigus diseases show IgG/IgA/C3 depositions to keratinocyte cell surfaces, while pemphigoid diseases exhibit linear/granular basement membrane zone depositions of various immunoglobulins and complement components. DIF results are usually consistent with H&E pathological results, intraepidermal blisters for pemphigus diseases and subepidermal blisters for pemphigoid diseases. DIF findings are distinct in some subtypes of AIBDs, guiding differential diagnosis and complementing serological assays, such as indirect immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunoblotting.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>DIF remains the diagnostic gold standard for AIBDs, providing indispensable tissue-specific insights, that cannot be fully replaced by serological tests. However, serological tests are more important in monitoring disease activity. Thus, when biopsy is impractical, optimal diagnosis requires synergistic use of both DIF and serological tests.</p>","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"915-928"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is now the time for combination of targeted therapies in inflammatory arthritis? 现在是联合靶向治疗炎症性关节炎的时候了吗?
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2718336
Sytske Anne Bergstra, Tom W J Huizinga
{"title":"Is now the time for combination of targeted therapies in inflammatory arthritis?","authors":"Sytske Anne Bergstra, Tom W J Huizinga","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2718336","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2718336","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"825-827"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The role of immunosenescence and chronic medical conditions on the immune response to respiratory syncytial virus in older individuals. 免疫衰老和慢性疾病对老年人呼吸道合胞病毒免疫反应的作用
IF 4 3区 医学
Expert Review of Clinical Immunology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-07 DOI: 10.1080/1744666X.2026.2672499
Agnès Chaumont, Holly Gould, Johan Flamaing, Dexter J Wiseman, Corinne Vandermeulen, Erik Jongert, Timothy Mark Doherty, Philippe Buchy, Lucile Warter
{"title":"The role of immunosenescence and chronic medical conditions on the immune response to respiratory syncytial virus in older individuals.","authors":"Agnès Chaumont, Holly Gould, Johan Flamaing, Dexter J Wiseman, Corinne Vandermeulen, Erik Jongert, Timothy Mark Doherty, Philippe Buchy, Lucile Warter","doi":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2672499","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1744666X.2026.2672499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important respiratory pathogen among older adults and those with chronic conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two systematic literature reviews identified the impacts of chronic conditions on RSV infection outcomes in adults, and how immunological changes alter RSV infection susceptibility in older individuals. Searches using MEDLINE/Embase identified relevant papers published between 1 January 1990, and 2 August 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 4,699 records, 212 were selected. Inclusion criteria were based on relevant comorbidities, outcomes, and study methodologies. The prevalence of severe RSV-associated disease, hospitalization risk, and mortality increased with age. Contributing factors for increased RSV infection susceptibility and morbidity in adults included immunosenescence, age-related physiological function decay, and presence of certain chronic conditions. Mechanisms underlying increased RSV susceptibility in those with chronic conditions included epithelial damage, inflammation, and direct or indirect myocardial damage. Vaccines for the prevention of RSV-associated lower respiratory disease in older adults have potential to prevent substantial morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Immunosenescence and chronic medical conditions increase susceptibility of adults to RSV, yet knowledge gaps remain regarding RSV pathogenesis in chronic conditions. Recently approved RSV vaccines support preventive strategies for these individuals.The protocol for this study is PROSPERO registered (identifier: CRD42021293292).</p>","PeriodicalId":12175,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Clinical Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"809-824"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148375026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:604180095
Book学术官方微信
小红书