Eurosurveillance最新文献

{"title":"Fulminant infective endocarditis with toxin-negative <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i> in people with substance use experiencing homelessness, England, 2024 to 2025.","authors":"Tara Patel, Tasnim Anwar, Eleni Mavrogiorgou, Natasa Utjesanovic, Anna Aryee, David J Litt, Joshua C D'Aeth, Christopher Primus, Satya Das, Nikolaos Karogiannis, Karthik Paranthaman, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Rebecca Cordery","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2500148","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2500148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between July 2024 and January 2025, five male patients in their early 20s to early 50s were confirmed with infective endocarditis associated with non-toxigenic <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i> in England. Three were known to have experienced homelessness. All five used non-intravenous recreational drugs. Disease progression was rapid, four patients required surgical intervention, one died. Whole-genome sequencing and multilocus sequence type (MLST) analysis identified four individuals as ST559. Clinicians and substance use services have been alerted and enhanced surveillance implemented. A prevalence study is planned.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of routine prophylaxis with monoclonal antibodies and maternal immunisation to prevent respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisations, Lombardy region, Italy, 2024/25 season.","authors":"Francesco Menegale, Luigi Vezzosi, Marcello Tirani, Simona Scarioni, Stefano Odelli, Federica Morani, Catia Borriello, Elena Pariani, Ilaria Dorigatti, Danilo Cereda, Stefano Merler, Piero Poletti","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2400637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2400637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of hospitalisation in children worldwide. Recent regulatory approval of monoclonal antibody (mAb) nirsevimab for infants and the RSVpreF vaccine for pregnant women offers promising approaches to mitigate RSV-associated morbidity.AimTo evaluate potential impacts of routine prophylactic campaigns (mAbs targeting infants or maternal vaccination) introduced in the 2024/25 season on hospitalisations from RSV lower respiratory tract infections in Lombardy, Italy.MethodsWe used a catalytic model informed by data from pre-COVID-19 pandemic (before 2020) and post-pandemic periods (until 2022) to quantify the number of cases and hospitalisations that could be averted by seasonal nirsevimab administration to infants and RSVpreF maternal vaccination, considering changes in susceptibility caused by reduced RSV circulation during the pandemic.ResultsAs a marked proportion of RSV hospitalisations occurs in infants aged ≤ 1 year, seasonal mAb administration to 80% of newborns (uptake levels observed in Spain) was estimated to avert 50.2% (95% CI: 43.5-55.8) of hospitalisations in the total population. Coverage levels close to those observed for childhood vaccines (95%) could result in an additional average 18% reduction in hospitalisations. Vaccination of 65% of pregnant women, resembling the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine coverage in Lombardy for this population, was estimated to avert 30.5% (95% CI: 19.6-39.7) of hospitalisations. At influenza vaccine coverage (12%), less than 8% of hospitalisations could be averted by maternal immunisation.ConclusionRoutine nirsevimab administration to infants demonstrates clear potential to reduce RSV-associated hospitalisations. Maternal immunisation can help in achieving high protection in at-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Statistical methodology critique and alternative approaches in H5Nx avian influenza seroprevalence study among French cats.","authors":"Yoshiyasu Takefuji","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2500237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2500237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outbreak of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> serogroup B in Aragón, Spain, January to February 2025.","authors":"Cristina Nicolau Cano, Alba Gallego-Royo, Esteban Estupiñan Valido, Alejandra Perez Perez, Teresa Gimenez Julvez, Berta Maria Pilar Vela Iglesia, Maria Carmen Montaño Remacha","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2500206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2500206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In January-February 2025, a community outbreak of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> serogroup B was reported in Aragón, Spain, with nine confirmed cases. This represents a 27-fold increase vs the previous 3 years. Five cases had respiratory co-infections; seven were attributed to complex CC213. Epidemiological investigations revealed a potential link to a school setting, though direct transmission could not be confirmed. These findings highlight the need to reinforce surveillance during periods of high respiratory virus circulation and in outbreaks involving non-4CMenB-covered variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of major socio-economic inequalities in childhood measles-mumps-rubella vaccination coverage and timeliness under vaccination mandates, France, 2015 to 2024.","authors":"Dimitri Scronias, Lisa Fressard, Laure Fonteneau, Valérie Guagliardo, Pierre Verger","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2400674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2400674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionSince the late 2000s, several major measles epidemics have occurred in Europe, including France. In 2017, the French Health Ministry extended from three to 11 the number of mandatory childhood vaccines required for preschool and primary school admission; these included the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella (MMR).AimOur aim was to assess if this measure helped to improve MMR vaccine timeliness (VT) or reduce socioeconomic inequalities in MMR vaccine coverage.MethodsA nationwide study of three birth cohorts (2015, 2017, 2019) followed up 2.1 million children for 48 months to assess the course of the timeliness of MMR vaccine dispensation, before and after it became mandatory in France (January 2018). Data came from the French national health insurance fund drug reimbursement database.ResultsDespite improvements from 2015 to 2019, pharmacies dispensed MMR vaccines late for 33% of children in the 2019 cohort (mean cumulative delay compared with recommended dates: 7.1 months). Vaccines for children from low-income families were dispensed later (mean delay of at least +1 month) than those from higher-income families. The 2019 cohort did not reach the 95% WHO target of two MMR doses at 24 months of age, nor at 48 months.DiscussionWith measles intensifying worldwide, these vaccination delays and inequalities may contribute to the resurgence of epidemics. In addition to vaccination mandates, an ambitious public health policy is needed to reduce inequalities in access to vaccination and to improve parents' vaccine acceptance through educational strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12023726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors for carriage of carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> in post-acute care hospitals, Israel, 2021.","authors":"Vered Schechner, Samira Masarwa, Gabrielle D Levi, Adi Cohen, Fadi Assi, Moshe Bechor, Elizabeth Temkin, Alona Keren-Paz, Mitchell J Schwaber, Yehuda Carmeli","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPost-acute care hospitals (PACH) may act as regional reservoirs for multidrug-resistant organisms.AimWe aimed to investigate the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> (CRAB) carriers and identify risk factors for CRAB carriage in PACH.MethodsWe conducted a point prevalence survey in 18 PACH in Israel from June to December 2021. We screened patients in 55 wards of four types (mechanical ventilation, skilled nursing, sub-acute and rehabilitation) for CRAB carriage from skin, rectum and tracheostomy secretions (if applicable). We collected data on patient characteristics (including prior CRAB carriage) and ward and institution characteristics. We calculated the prevalence of CRAB carriers, the percentage of newly detected carriers, and assessed predictors of CRAB carriage using a mixed-effects logistic regression model.ResultsWe screened 1,725 patients, with 385 (22%) testing positive for CRAB. The median prevalence of CRAB carriers was 48% (interquartile range (IQR): 33-70) in ventilation wards, 28% (IQR: 18-46) in skilled nursing wards, 8% (IQR: 6-13) in sub-acute wards and 0% (IQR: 0-3) in rehabilitation wards. Only 31% (118/385) had a known history of CRAB carriage. Individual risk factors for CRAB positivity included known CRAB carriage, bedsores and presence of a feeding tube. Modifiable ward-level risk factors included poor availability of alcohol-based hand rub (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52-6.81) and suctioning in common areas (aOR = 2.23; 95% CI: 1.30-3.85).ConclusionsThe hidden reservoir of CRAB carriers in Israeli ventilation and skilled nursing wards is large. We identified modifiable risk factors at ward level, highlighting areas for targeted intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence for antimicrobial stewardship and reduced antimicrobial resistance in the Mid-West of Ireland, 2012 to 2023: findings from a One Health study.","authors":"James Powell, Santosh Sharma, Alan Johnson, Siobhan Barrett, Caroline Garvan, Nuala H O'Connell, Colum P Dunne","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2400512","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2400512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background<i>Escherichia coli</i>, a pathogen commonly infecting humans and bovines, is a prime sentinel indicator and predictor for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Tracking epidemiological trends of AMR is essential to address this global One Health threat.AimTo perform a comprehensive retrospective epidemiological analysis of AMR trends in <i>E. coli</i> isolated from human urine and blood and bovine specimens, and compare with antimicrobial consumption or sales data for humans.MethodsAll <i>E. coli</i> isolates with susceptibility results from human urine (n = 122,419), blood (n = 2,373) and bovine specimens (n = 585) from 2012-23 in the Mid-West of Ireland were analysed. The resistance trends of nine commonly used antimicrobials were compared with their consumption by humans or sales in community and hospital settings.ResultsOver the 12-year period, resistance against common antimicrobials was lowest among the bovine isolates (range: 2-44%). Human urine isolates showed lower resistance (5-59%) than bloodstream isolates (12-69%). There was a downward trend in resistance to all antimicrobials between 2012 and 2023 in the human isolates (p < 0.001), except for piperacillin/tazobactam where resistance increased, in each case correlating with antimicrobial usage. Bovine isolates demonstrated reduced resistance to co-amoxiclav (p = 0.001), with no trend observed for other antimicrobials.ConclusionOur data showed reduced resistance to many antimicrobials for <i>E. coli</i> from human and bovine populations in our region. Increased use of 'preferred' antimicrobials in humans and reduced use of those 'to be avoided' was observed. The findings indicate the emerging effectiveness of AMR strategies and highlight the value of One Health AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confirm your subscription to continue receiving our Table of contents.","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.250403m","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.250403m","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased incidence of human leptospirosis and the effect of temperature and precipitation, the Netherlands, 2005 to 2023.","authors":"Ilja Obels, Lapo Mughini-Gras, Miriam Maas, Diederik Brandwagt, Nikita van den Berge, Daan W Notermans, Eelco Franz, Erika van Elzakker, Roan Pijnacker","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2400611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe incidence of leptospirosis, a zoonotic infection transmitted mainly by rodents, has increased in humans over the past decade in the Netherlands. Previous studies, mostly from countries with tropical climates, suggest that temperature and rainfall influence leptospirosis incidence.AimWe aimed to identify factors that could explain the increasing leptospirosis incidence in the Netherlands, including temperature and precipitation.MethodsEpidemiological data of leptospirosis cases notified from 2005 to 2023 to the national surveillance system were analysed to identify changes over the years. Negative binomial regression models were used to assess associations between weather variables and leptospirosis incidence.ResultsFrom 2005 to 2023, 1,164 cases were notified. The annual number of cases increased 2.7-fold in the period of 2019-2023 compared with 2005-2009, and the number of autochthonous cases 4.1-fold. Data from 1,158 cases were included in the analyses, and 596 (51.5%) of these cases were autochthonous. Most cases were male (n = 927; 80.1%), needed hospital treatment (n = 861; 74.4%) and acquired the infection through contact with surface water and/or soil (n = 611, 72.6%). Higher mean winter (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18-1.36) and summer (IRR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.18-1.61) temperatures were significantly associated with increased leptospirosis incidence.ConclusionLeptospirosis incidence has increased over the past decades and may continue to increase due to climate change. Prevention should aim at advising the appropriate preventive measures to avoid exposure to <i>Leptospira</i> and increasing awareness about leptospirosis among clinicians to allow for timely diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author's correction for Euro Surveill. 2025;30(13).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.250410c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.250410c","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143994510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}