IF 1.2 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2308737

Dominique Brunßen, Beat Suter

{"title":"Effects of unstable β-PheRS on food avoidance, growth, and development are suppressed by the appetite hormone CCHa2.","authors":"Dominique Brunßen, Beat Suter","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2308737","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2308737","url":null,"abstract":"Amino acyl-tRNA synthetases perform diverse non-canonical functions aside from their essential role in charging tRNAs with their cognate amino acid. The phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS/FARS) is an α2β2 tetramer that is needed for charging the tRNAPhe for its translation activity. Fragments of the α-subunit have been shown to display an additional, translation-independent, function that activates growth and proliferation and counteracts Notch signalling. Here we show in Drosophila that overexpressing the β-subunit in the context of the complete PheRS leads to larval roaming, food avoidance, slow growth, and a developmental delay that can last several days and even prevents pupation. These behavioural and developmental phenotypes are induced by PheRS expression in CCHa2+ and Pros+ cells. Simultaneous expression of β-PheRS, α-PheRS, and the appetite-inducing CCHa2 peptide rescued these phenotypes, linking this β-PheRS activity to the appetite-controlling pathway. The fragmentation dynamic of the excessive β-PheRS points to β-PheRS fragments as possible candidate inducers of these phenotypes. Because fragmentation of human FARS has also been observed in human cells and mutations in human β-PheRS (FARSB) can lead to problems in gaining weight, Drosophila β-PheRS can also serve as a model for the human phenotype and possibly also for obesity.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"18 1","pages":"2308737"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10880493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139905439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A tissue dissociation method for ATAC-seq and CUT&RUN in Drosophila pupal tissues. 果蝇蛹组织中ATAC-seq和CUT&RUN的组织分离方法。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2023.2209481

Elli M Buchert, Elizabeth A Fogarty, Christopher M Uyehara, Daniel J McKay, Laura A Buttitta

{"title":"A tissue dissociation method for ATAC-seq and CUT&RUN in Drosophila pupal tissues.","authors":"Elli M Buchert, Elizabeth A Fogarty, Christopher M Uyehara, Daniel J McKay, Laura A Buttitta","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2023.2209481","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2023.2209481","url":null,"abstract":"Chromatin accessibility, histone modifications, and transcription factor binding are highly dynamic during Drosophila metamorphosis and drive global changes in gene expression as larval tissues differentiate into adult structures. Unfortunately, the presence of pupa cuticle on many Drosophila tissues during metamorphosis prevents enzyme access to cells and has limited the use of enzymatic in situ methods for assessing chromatin accessibility and histone modifications. Here, we present a dissociation method for cuticle-bound pupal tissues that is compatible for use with ATAC-Seq and CUT&RUN to interrogate chromatin accessibility and histone modifications. We show this method provides comparable chromatin accessibility data to the non-enzymatic approach FAIRE-seq, with only a fraction of the amount of input tissue required. This approach is also compatible with CUT&RUN, which allows genome-wide mapping of histone modifications with less than 1/10th of the tissue input required for more conventional approaches such as Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing (ChIP-seq). Our protocol makes it possible to use newer, more sensitive enzymatic in situ approaches to interrogate gene regulatory networks during Drosophila metamorphosis.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"17 1","pages":"2209481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10208176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9609652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The utility and caveat of split-GAL4s in the study of neurodegeneration. 分裂- gal4s在神经退行性疾病研究中的应用和警告。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2023.2192847

Luca Stickley, Rafael Koch, Emi Nagoshi

引用次数: 2

Spatiotemporal changes in microtubule dynamics during dendritic morphogenesis. 树突形态发生过程中微管动力学的时空变化

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2021.1976033

Chun Hu, Pan Feng, Meilan Chen, Yan Tang, Peter Soba

{"title":"Spatiotemporal changes in microtubule dynamics during dendritic morphogenesis.","authors":"Chun Hu, Pan Feng, Meilan Chen, Yan Tang, Peter Soba","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2021.1976033","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2021.1976033","url":null,"abstract":"Dendritic morphogenesis requires dynamic microtubules (MTs) to form a coordinated cytoskeletal network during development. Dynamic MTs are characterized by their number, polarity and speed of polymerization. Previous studies described a correlation between anterograde MT growth and terminal branch extension in Drosophila dendritic arborization (da) neurons, suggesting a model that anterograde MT polymerization provides a driving force for dendritic branching. We recently found that the Ste20-like kinase Tao specifically regulates dendritic branching by controlling the number of dynamic MTs in a kinase activity-dependent fashion, without affecting MT polarity or speed. This finding raises the interesting question of how MT dynamics affects dendritic morphogenesis, and if Tao kinase activity is developmentally regulated to coordinate MT dynamics and dendritic morphogenesis. We explored the possible correlation between MT dynamics and dendritic morphogenesis together with the activity changes of Tao kinase in C1da and C4da neurons during larval development. Our data show that spatiotemporal changes in the number of dynamic MTs, but not polarity or polymerization speed, correlate with dendritic branching and Tao kinase activity. Our findings suggest that Tao kinase limits dendritic branching by controlling the abundance of dynamic MTs and we propose a novel model on how regulation of MT dynamics might influence dendritic morphogenesis.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"16 1","pages":"13-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8496546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9188952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patched and Costal-2 mutations lead to differences in tissue overgrowth autonomy. Patched和Costal-2突变导致组织过度生长自主性的差异。

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2022.2062991

Shannon L Moore, Frank C Adamini, Erik S Coopes, Dustin Godoy, Shyra J Northington, Jordan M Stewart, Richard L Tillett, Kayla L Bieser, Jacob D Kagey

{"title":"Patched and Costal-2 mutations lead to differences in tissue overgrowth autonomy.","authors":"Shannon L Moore, Frank C Adamini, Erik S Coopes, Dustin Godoy, Shyra J Northington, Jordan M Stewart, Richard L Tillett, Kayla L Bieser, Jacob D Kagey","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2022.2062991","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2022.2062991","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic screens are used in Drosophila melanogaster to identify genes key in the regulation of organismal development and growth. These screens have defined signalling pathways necessary for tissue and organismal development, which are evolutionarily conserved across species, including Drosophila. Here, we have used an FLP/FRT mosaic system to screen for conditional regulators of cell growth and cell division in the Drosophila eye. The conditional nature of this screen utilizes a block in the apoptotic pathway to prohibit the mosaic mutant cells from dying via apoptosis. From this screen, we identified two different mutants that mapped to the Hedgehog signalling pathway. Previously, we described a novel Ptc mutation and here we add to the understanding of disrupting the Hh pathway with a novel allele of Cos2. Both of these Hh components are negative regulators of the pathway, yet they depict mutant differences in the type of overgrowth created. Ptc mutations lead to overgrowth consisting of almost entirely wild-type tissue (non-autonomous overgrowth), while the Cos2 mutation results in tissue that is overgrown in both the mutant and wild-type clones (both autonomous and non-autonomous). These differences in tissue overgrowth are consistent in the Drosophila eye and wing. The observed difference is correlated with different deregulation patterns of pMad, the downstream effector of DPP signalling. This finding provides insight into pathway-specific differences that help to better understand intricacies of developmental processes and human diseases that result from deregulated Hedgehog signalling, such as basal cell carcinoma.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"16 1","pages":"176-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9045829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10603000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A direct-drive GFP reporter for studies of tracheal development in Drosophila. 用于果蝇气管发育研究的直接驱动GFP报告器。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2022.2030191

Geanette Lam, Katherine Beebe, Carl S Thummel

{"title":"A direct-drive GFP reporter for studies of tracheal development in Drosophila.","authors":"Geanette Lam, Katherine Beebe, Carl S Thummel","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2022.2030191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19336934.2022.2030191","url":null,"abstract":"The Drosophila tracheal system consists of a widespread tubular network that provides respiratory functions for the animal. Its development, from ten pairs of placodes in the embryo to the final stereotypical branched structure in the adult, has been extensively studied by many labs as a model system for understanding tubular epithelial morphogenesis. Throughout these studies, a breathless (btl)-GAL4 driver has provided an invaluable tool to either mark tracheal cells during development or to manipulate gene expression in this tissue. A distinct shortcoming of this approach, however, is that btl-GAL4 cannot be used to specifically visualize tracheal cells in the presence of other GAL4 drivers or other UAS constructs, restricting its utility. Here we describe a direct-drive btl-nGFP reporter that can be used as a specific marker of tracheal cells throughout development in combination with any GAL4 driver and/or UAS construct. This reporter line should facilitate the use of Drosophila as a model system for studies of tracheal development and tubular morphogenesis.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":" ","pages":"105-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8803062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39870583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Studies of neurodegenerative diseases using Drosophila and the development of novel approaches for their analysis. 利用果蝇研究神经退行性疾病，并开发新的分析方法。

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2022.2087484

Yohei Nitta, Atsushi Sugie

引用次数: 0

How Social Experience and Environment Impacts Behavioural Plasticity in Drosophila. 社会经验和环境如何影响果蝇的行为可塑性。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2021.1989248

Molly Chen, Marla B Sokolowski

引用次数: 4

Mathematical modeling of Notch dynamics in Drosophila neural development. 果蝇神经发育过程中Notch动力学的数学建模。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2021.1953363

Tetsuo Yasugi, Makoto Sato

引用次数: 2

Adaptation and ecological speciation in seasonally varying environments at high latitudes: Drosophila virilis group. 高纬度季节变化环境下的适应与生态物种形成:果蝇类群。

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2021.2016327

Anneli Hoikkala, Noora Poikela

{"title":"Adaptation and ecological speciation in seasonally varying environments at high latitudes: Drosophila virilis group.","authors":"Anneli Hoikkala, Noora Poikela","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2021.2016327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19336934.2021.2016327","url":null,"abstract":"Living in high latitudes and altitudes sets specific requirements on species' ability to forecast seasonal changes and to respond to them in an appropriate way. Adaptation into diverse environmental conditions can also lead to ecological speciation through habitat isolation or by inducing changes in traits that influence assortative mating. In this review, we explain how the unique time-measuring systems of Drosophila virilis group species have enabled the species to occupy high latitudes and how the traits involved in species reproduction and survival exhibit strong linkage with latitudinally varying photoperiodic and climatic conditions. We also describe variation in reproductive barriers between the populations of two species with overlapping distributions and show how local adaptation and the reinforcement of prezygotic barriers have created partial reproductive isolation between conspecific populations. Finally, we consider the role of species-specific chromosomal inversions and the X chromosome in the development of reproductive barriers between diverging lineages.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":" ","pages":"85-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8786326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39846841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

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