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Effects of adaptation to crowded larval environment on the evolution of sperm competitive ability in males of Drosophila melanogaster.

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2437204

Rohit Kapila, Komal Maggu, Neetika Ahlawat, Nagaraj Guru Prasad

{"title":"Effects of adaptation to crowded larval environment on the evolution of sperm competitive ability in males of Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Rohit Kapila, Komal Maggu, Neetika Ahlawat, Nagaraj Guru Prasad","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2437204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19336934.2024.2437204","url":null,"abstract":"Two of the most important environmental factors that affect the sperm competitive ability in males are the availability of resources and the socio-sexual environment. Numerous studies have investigated the individual effects of these factors, but their combined effect on the evolution of sperm competitive ability remains untested. A crowded larval environment is unique because it simultaneously affects the fitness of the organism through both resource availability and the socio-sexual environment. In this study, we used a set of four laboratory populations of D. melanogaster, evolved under a crowded larval environment for more than 165 generations and their respective controls to investigate how the sperm competitive ability of the males is affected by a single generation of larval crowding versus evolution under a crowded larval environment for more than 165 generations. Our results show that larval crowding negatively affects the sperm defence ability of males evolved in a crowded larval environment, while it has no effect on the sperm defence ability of control males. Additionally, larval crowding negatively impacts the sperm offence ability in both control and evolved populations. Males from populations adapted to a crowded larval environment exhibit lower sperm offence ability at an older age compared to control populations.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"19 1","pages":"2437204"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142853174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A fast in situ hybridization chain reaction method in Drosophila embryos and ovaries.

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2428499

Kyohei Mikami, Yasuhiro Kozono, Masaki Masukawa, Satoru Kobayashi

引用次数: 0

A history of studies of reproductive isolation between Drosophila pseudoobscura and D. persimilis.

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2439111

Stewart Leigh, Michael G Ritchie

引用次数: 0

Mifepristone and rapamycin have non-additive benefits for life span in mated female Drosophila. 米非司酮和雷帕霉素对交配雌果蝇的寿命具有非叠加效益。

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2419151

Gary N Landis, Britta Baybutt, Shoham Das, Yijie Fan, Kate Olsen, Karissa Yan, John Tower

{"title":"Mifepristone and rapamycin have non-additive benefits for life span in mated female Drosophila.","authors":"Gary N Landis, Britta Baybutt, Shoham Das, Yijie Fan, Kate Olsen, Karissa Yan, John Tower","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2419151","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2419151","url":null,"abstract":"The drugs mifepristone and rapamycin were compared for their relative ability to increase the life span of mated female Drosophila melanogaster. Titration of rapamycin indicated an optimal concentration of approximately 50 μM, which increased median life span here by average +81%. Meta-analysis of previous mifepristone titrations indicated an optimal concentration of approximately 466 μM, which increased median life span here by average +114%. Combining mifepristone with various concentrations of rapamycin did not produce further increases in life span, and instead reduced life span relative to either drug alone. Assay of maximum midgut diameter indicated that rapamycin was equally efficacious as mifepristone in reducing mating-induced midgut hypertrophy. The mito-QC mitophagy reporter is a previously described green fluorescent protein (GFP)-mCherry fusion protein targeted to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Inhibition of GFP fluorescence by the acidic environment of the autophagolysosome yields an increased red/green fluorescence ratio indicative of increased mitophagy. Creation of a multi-copy mito-QC reporter strain facilitated assay in live adult flies, as well as in dissected midgut tissue. Mifepristone was equally efficacious as rapamycin in activating the mito-QC mitophagy reporter in the adult female fat-body and midgut. The data suggest that mifepristone and rapamycin act through a common pathway to increase mated female Drosophila life span, and implicate increased mitophagy and decreased midgut hypertrophy in that pathway.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"18 1","pages":"2419151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142497591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An unusual Toll/MyD88-mediated Drosophila host defence against Talaromyces marneffei. 一种不寻常的 Toll/MyD88 介导的果蝇宿主防御马拉尼菲氏菌（Talaromyces marneffei）的方法。

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2398300

Xiaoyue Wang, Qinglin Qu, Zi Li, Sha Lu, Dominique Ferrandon, Liyan Xi

{"title":"An unusual Toll/MyD88-mediated Drosophila host defence against Talaromyces marneffei.","authors":"Xiaoyue Wang, Qinglin Qu, Zi Li, Sha Lu, Dominique Ferrandon, Liyan Xi","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2398300","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2398300","url":null,"abstract":"Talaromycosis, caused by Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei, formerly known as Penicillium marneffei), is an opportunistic invasive mycosis endemic in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia with high mortality rate. Despite various infection models established to study the immunological interaction between T. marneffei and the host, the pathogenicity of this fungus is not yet fully understood. So far, Drosophila melanogaster, a well-established genetic model organism to study innate immunity, has not been used in related research on T. marneffei. In this study, we provide the initial characterization of a systemic infection model of T. marneffei in the D. melanogaster host. Survival curves and fungal loads were tested as well as Toll pathway activation was quantified by RT-qPCR of several antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes including Drosomycin, Metchnikowin, and Bomanin Short 1. We discovered that whereas most wild-type flies were able to overcome the infection, MyD88 or Toll mutant flies failed to prevent fungal dissemination and proliferation and ultimately succumbed to this challenge. Unexpectedly, the induction of classical Toll pathway activation readouts, Drosomycin and Bomanin Short 1, by live or killed T. marneffei was quite limited in wild-type flies, suggesting that the fungus largely escapes detection by the systemic immune system. This unusual situation of a poor systemic activation of the Toll pathway and a strong susceptibility phenotype of MyD88/Toll might be accounted for by a requirement for this host defence in only specific tissues, a hypothesis that remains to be rigorously tested.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"18 1","pages":"2398300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimization of hybridization chain reaction for imaging single RNA molecules in Drosophila larvae. 优化用于果蝇幼虫单个 RNA 分子成像的杂交链反应。

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2409968

Julia Olivares-Abril, Jana Joha, Jeffrey Y Lee, Ilan Davis

{"title":"Optimization of hybridization chain reaction for imaging single RNA molecules in Drosophila larvae.","authors":"Julia Olivares-Abril, Jana Joha, Jeffrey Y Lee, Ilan Davis","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2409968","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2409968","url":null,"abstract":"In situ hybridization techniques are powerful methods for exploring gene expression in a wide range of biological contexts, providing spatial information that is most often lost in traditional biochemical techniques. However, many in situ hybridization methods are costly and time-inefficient, particularly for screening-based projects that follow on from single-cell RNA sequencing data, which rely on of tens of custom-synthetized probes against each specific RNA of interest. Here we provide an optimized pipeline for Hybridization Chain Reaction (HCR)-based RNA visualization, including an open-source code for optimized probe design. Our method achieves high specificity and sensitivity with the option of multiplexing using only five pairs of probes, which greatly lowers the cost and time of the experiment. These features of our HCR protocol are particularly useful and convenient for projects involving screening several genes at medium throughput, especially as the method include an amplification step, which makes the signal readily visible at low magnification imaging.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"18 1","pages":"2409968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11446410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel adipose loss-of-function mutant in Drosophila. 果蝇的一种新型脂肪功能缺失突变体

IF 1.2 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2352938

Nicole A Losurdo, Adriana Bibo, Jacob Bedke, Nichole Link

{"title":"A novel adipose loss-of-function mutant in Drosophila.","authors":"Nicole A Losurdo, Adriana Bibo, Jacob Bedke, Nichole Link","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2352938","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2352938","url":null,"abstract":"To identify genes required for brain growth, we took an RNAi knockdown reverse genetic approach in Drosophila. One potential candidate isolated from this effort is the anti-lipogenic gene adipose (adp). Adp has an established role in the negative regulation of lipogenesis in the fat body of the fly and adipose tissue in mammals. While fat is key to proper development in general, adp has not been investigated during brain development. Here, we found that RNAi knockdown of adp in neuronal stem cells and neurons results in reduced brain lobe volume and sought to replicate this with a mutant fly. We generated a novel adp mutant that acts as a loss-of-function mutant based on buoyancy assay results. We found that despite a change in fat content in the body overall and a decrease in the number of larger (>5 µm) brain lipid droplets, there was no change in the brain lobe volume of mutant larvae. Overall, our work describes a novel adp mutant that can functionally replace the long-standing adp60 mutant and shows that the adp gene has no obvious involvement in brain growth.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"18 1","pages":"2352938"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11095658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conserved A-to-I RNA editing with non-conserved recoding expands the candidates of functional editing sites. 保守的 A 到 I RNA 编辑与非保守的重新编码扩大了功能性编辑位点的候选范围。

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2367359

Yuange Duan, Ling Ma, Tianyou Zhao, Jiyao Liu, Caiqing Zheng, Fan Song, Li Tian, Wanzhi Cai, Hu Li

{"title":"Conserved A-to-I RNA editing with non-conserved recoding expands the candidates of functional editing sites.","authors":"Yuange Duan, Ling Ma, Tianyou Zhao, Jiyao Liu, Caiqing Zheng, Fan Song, Li Tian, Wanzhi Cai, Hu Li","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2367359","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2367359","url":null,"abstract":"Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing recodes the genome and confers flexibility for the organisms to adapt to the environment. It is believed that RNA recoding sites are well suited for facilitating adaptive evolution by increasing the proteomic diversity in a temporal-spatial manner. The function and essentiality of a few conserved recoding sites are recognized. However, the experimentally discovered functional sites only make up a small corner of the total sites, and there is still the need to expand the repertoire of such functional sites with bioinformatic approaches. In this study, we define a new category of RNA editing sites termed 'conserved editing with non-conserved recoding' and systematically identify such sites in Drosophila editomes, figuring out their selection pressure and signals of adaptation at inter-species and intra-species levels. Surprisingly, conserved editing sites with non-conserved recoding are not suppressed and are even slightly overrepresented in Drosophila. DNA mutations leading to such cases are also favoured during evolution, suggesting that the function of those recoding events in different species might be diverged, specialized, and maintained. Finally, structural prediction suggests that such recoding in potassium channel Shab might increase ion permeability and compensate the effect of low temperature. In conclusion, conserved editing with non-conserved recoding might be functional as well. Our study provides novel aspects in considering the adaptive evolution of RNA editing sites and meanwhile expands the candidates of functional recoding sites for future validation.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"18 1","pages":"2367359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11188811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141418492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The astrocyte-enriched gene deathstar plays a crucial role in the development, locomotion, and lifespan of D. melanogaster. 富含星形胶质细胞的死亡之星基因在黑腹蝇蛆的发育、运动和寿命中起着至关重要的作用。

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2368336

Xiaoli Zhang, Dongyu Sun, Kyle Wong, Ammar Salkini, Hadi Najafi, Woo Jae Kim

{"title":"The astrocyte-enriched gene deathstar plays a crucial role in the development, locomotion, and lifespan of D. melanogaster.","authors":"Xiaoli Zhang, Dongyu Sun, Kyle Wong, Ammar Salkini, Hadi Najafi, Woo Jae Kim","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2368336","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2368336","url":null,"abstract":"The Drosophila melanogaster brain is a complex organ with various cell types, orchestrating the development, physiology, and behaviors of the fly. While each cell type in Drosophila brain is known to express a unique gene set, their complete genetic profile is still unknown. Advances in the RNA sequencing techniques at single-cell resolution facilitate identifying novel cell type markers and/or re-examining the specificity of the available ones. In this study, exploiting a single-cell RNA sequencing data of Drosophila optic lobe, we categorized the cells based on their expression pattern for known markers, then the genes with enriched expression in astrocytes were identified. CG11000 was identified as a gene with a comparable expression profile to the Eaat1 gene, an astrocyte marker, in every individual cell inside the Drosophila optic lobe and midbrain, as well as in the entire Drosophila brain throughout its development. Consistent with our bioinformatics data, immunostaining of the brains dissected from transgenic adult flies showed co-expression of CG11000 with Eaat1 in a set of single cells corresponding to the astrocytes in the Drosophila brain. Physiologically, inhibiting CG11000 through RNA interference disrupted the normal development of male D. melanogaster, while having no impact on females. Expression suppression of CG11000 in adult flies led to decreased locomotion activity and also shortened lifespan specifically in astrocytes, indicating the gene's significance in astrocytes. We designated this gene as 'deathstar' due to its crucial role in maintaining the star-like shape of glial cells, astrocytes, throughout their development into adult stage.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"18 1","pages":"2368336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11185185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ribose-cysteine and levodopa abrogate Parkinsonism via the regulation of neurochemical and redox activities in alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models. 核糖-半胱氨酸和左旋多巴通过调节α-突触核蛋白转基因黑腹果蝇模型的神经化学和氧化还原活动来缓解帕金森症

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Fly Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2024.2306687

Olumayowa K Idowu, Ademola A Oremosu, Olufunke O Dosumu, Abdullahi A Mohammed

{"title":"Ribose-cysteine and levodopa abrogate Parkinsonism via the regulation of neurochemical and redox activities in alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models.","authors":"Olumayowa K Idowu, Ademola A Oremosu, Olufunke O Dosumu, Abdullahi A Mohammed","doi":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2306687","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19336934.2024.2306687","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease (PD), the most prevalent type of parkinsonism, is a progressive neurodegenerative condition marked by several non-motor and motor symptoms. PD is thought to have a complex aetiology that includes a combination of age, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors. Increased expression of α-synuclein (α-Syn) protein is central to the evolvement of neuropathology in this devastating disorder, but the potential of ribose-cysteine and levodopa in abating pathophysiologic changes in PD model is unknown. Crosses were set up between flies conditionally expressing a pathological variant of human α-Syn (UAS-α-Syn) and those expressing GAL4 in neurons (elav-GAL4) to generate offspring referred to as PD flies. Flies were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 40) from the total population of flies, with each group having five replicates. Groups of PD flies were treated with either 500 mg/kg ribose-cysteine diet, 250 mg/kg levodopa diet, or a combination of the two compounds for 21 days, whereas the control group (w1118) and the PD group were exposed to a diet without ribose-cysteine or levodopa. In addition to various biochemical and neurochemical assays, longevity, larval motility, and gravitaxis assays were carried out. Locomotive capability, lifespan, fecundity, antioxidant state, and neurotransmitter systems were all significantly (p < 0.05) compromised by overexpression of α-Syn. However, flies treated both ribose cysteine and levodopa showed an overall marked improvement in motor functions, lifespan, fecundity, antioxidant status, and neurotransmitter system functions. In conclusion, ribose-cysteine and levodopa, both singly and in combination, potentiated a therapeutic effect on alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila melanogaster models of Parkinsonism.","PeriodicalId":12128,"journal":{"name":"Fly","volume":"18 1","pages":"2306687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10826630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139574667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0