Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism最新文献_第5页

Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists and risk of diabetic retinopathy: a disproportionality analysis using FDA adverse event reporting system data. 胰高血糖素样肽-1激动剂与糖尿病视网膜病变风险之间的关系：使用FDA不良事件报告系统数据的歧化分析

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2025.2459720

Harmanjit Singh, Navreet Kaur Natt, Dwividendra Kumar Nim

{"title":"Association between glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists and risk of diabetic retinopathy: a disproportionality analysis using FDA adverse event reporting system data.","authors":"Harmanjit Singh, Navreet Kaur Natt, Dwividendra Kumar Nim","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2459720","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2459720","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists are commonly prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Concerns have emerged regarding their potential link to diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods: To evaluate the association between GLP-1 agonists and DR, a disproportionality analysis was conducted using FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data from Q4/2003 to Q2/2024 via OpenVigil 2.1 software. We focused on GLP-1 agonists and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) agonist: Semaglutide, liraglutide, dulaglutide, lixisenatide, and tirzepatide, as primary suspect drugs. 'Diabetic retinopathy' was the key search term mapped to Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) Lower-Level Terms (LLTs). We calculated Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR) and Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and the Evans' criteria were applied to check the significant associations.Results: Semaglutide (PRR: 19.43, 95% CI: 15.17-24.88; ROR: 19.48, 95% CI: 15.20-24.96; Chi-square: 1078.08) and dulaglutide (PRR: 9.01, 95% CI: 7.11-11.42; ROR: 9.02, 95% CI: 7.11-11.44; Chi-square: 478.31) showed a strong association with DR. Tirzepatide and liraglutide showed a weaker but significant association while lixisenatide showed no significant association.Conclusion: GLP-1 agonists (except lixisenatide) were found to be associated with DR. These findings emphasize the need for close monitoring and further research to clarify these associations.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"147-152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: interplay of predictive factors, treatment challenges, and survival insights. 间变性甲状腺癌：预测因素、治疗挑战和生存洞察的相互作用。

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2025.2467660

Asad Ullah, Kavita Prasad, Asim Ahmed, Kue Tylor Lee, Abdul Qahar Khan Yasinzai, Asif Iqbal, Amir Humza Sohail, Dauod Arif, Sana Jogezai, Luis Brandi, Nabin Raj Karki, Marjan Khan, Agha Wali, Hritvik Jain, Nagla Abdel Karim

{"title":"Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: interplay of predictive factors, treatment challenges, and survival insights.","authors":"Asad Ullah, Kavita Prasad, Asim Ahmed, Kue Tylor Lee, Abdul Qahar Khan Yasinzai, Asif Iqbal, Amir Humza Sohail, Dauod Arif, Sana Jogezai, Luis Brandi, Nabin Raj Karki, Marjan Khan, Agha Wali, Hritvik Jain, Nagla Abdel Karim","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2467660","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2467660","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare and aggressive thyroid neoplasm. This study is the largest to date and aims to provide the most up-to-date analysis of demographics and clinicopathological factors of ATC.Methods: Data for this study were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.Results: A total of 1,769 cases of ATC were included with a median age at diagnosis was 71 years, and 59% were females. The most common site of metastasis was the lung (40.7%). The majority of patients underwent combination therapy (surgery with adjuvant chemoradiation) (19.2%). The 5-year OS was 7.3% (95% C.I. 6.6-8.0). The 5-year CSS was 11.8% (95% C.I. 10.8-12.8). The highest 5-year survival was observed with combination therapy (surgery with adjuvant chemoradiation) at 20.9%. Multivariable analysis revealed that age >60 years, Asian/Pacific Islander, >2 cm tumor size, and metastatic disease were independent risk factors.Conclusions: ATC is an uncommon tumor that mainly affects Caucasian females in their 70s. Older age, Asian/Pacific Islander race, and larger tumor size (>2 cm) were also associated with a worse prognosis. For better comprehension of pathogenesis, prospective clinical trials should include patients from all ethnicities, gender, and genomic analysis of ATC.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":"20 2","pages":"129-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety and efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 脐带间充质干细胞治疗1型和2型糖尿病的安全性和有效性：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2.8

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2025.2457474

Ahmed Hosney Nada, Ismail A Ibrahim, Vittorio Oteri, Laila Shalabi, Nada Khalid Asar, Saja Rami Aqeilan, Wael Hafez

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Ahmed Hosney Nada, Ismail A Ibrahim, Vittorio Oteri, Laila Shalabi, Nada Khalid Asar, Saja Rami Aqeilan, Wael Hafez","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2457474","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2457474","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Many patients struggle to control glucose without side effects. Due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) might treat Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The authors employed this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of umbilical cord MSCs (UCMSCs) for DM management.Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane, WOS, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of UCMSCs on DM (Types 1, 2) till January 2024. Patient demographics, interventions, and outcomes, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c%), C-peptide levels, and insulin requirements, were extracted. A comprehensive meta-analysis software was used.Results: Eight CTs of 334 patients (172 experimental and 162 controls) were included. UMSCs treatment substantially lowered HbA1c levels (MD = -1.06, 95% CI [-1.27, -0.85], p < 0.00001) with consistent outcomes (i2 = 0%, p = 0.43). Fasting C-peptide levels were heterogeneous but favored placebo (MD = 0.35, 95% CI [0.15, 0.56], p = 0.0007). In T1D patients, daily insulin requirements decreased considerably (MD = -0.24, 95% CI [-0.29, -0.18], p < 0.00001), with heterogeneity addressed by sensitivity analysis.Conclusion: UMSCs therapy reduced HbA1c and insulin requirements, and increased C-peptide levels. Multicenter clinical trials are required to confirm the long-term efficacy and safety of UMSC therapy.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and cytokine levels in hypothyroidism: a series of meta-analyses. 甲状腺功能减退患者内皮功能障碍和细胞因子水平的生物标志物：一系列荟萃分析。

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2024.2438997

Emiliana María Torres, Mariana Lorena Tellechea

{"title":"Biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and cytokine levels in hypothyroidism: a series of meta-analyses.","authors":"Emiliana María Torres, Mariana Lorena Tellechea","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2024.2438997","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2024.2438997","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypothyroidism (HT) is associated with different comorbidities comprising increased arterial stiffness and decreased flow-mediated dilatation. The exact pathological mechanism of endothelial activation and dysfunction (ED) in HT remains unknown. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to provide an overview of the pathogenesis of ED in HT.Methods: The literature search was done in February 2024 for studies analyzing traditional and novel circulating biomarkers of ED in patients with HT, including cytokines and chemokines. Random-effect models were used except when no heterogeneity was found. Protocol was registered under the number PROSPERO CRD42024540560.Results: 25 macromolecules and 66 studies were entered into analyses. HT was associated with increased levels of E-selectin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, osteoprotegerin, and oxidized-LDL (p < 0.02). Results were not conclusive for endothelin-1. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12 and CXCL10 were higher in HT (p < 0.05). Subjects with overt HT may display a proinflammatory tendency with increased levels of IL-6 and interferon-γ, and decreased levels of TGF-β (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The data presented and discussed here highlights the association between HT and soluble biomarkers of ED. Inflammatory mediators released by activated T-cells and macrophages may aggravate local and systemic inflammation, which arouses more inflammation, forming a vicious circle leading to ED.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypouricemic effect of sodium glucose transporter-2 inhibitors: a network meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized clinical trials. 葡萄糖转运蛋白-2抑制剂钠的降尿酸作用：随机临床试验的网络荟萃分析和荟萃回归

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2025.2456504

Kannan Sridharan, Maya Mohammed Osman Hussein Alkhidir

{"title":"Hypouricemic effect of sodium glucose transporter-2 inhibitors: a network meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomized clinical trials.","authors":"Kannan Sridharan, Maya Mohammed Osman Hussein Alkhidir","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2456504","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2456504","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are known for their cardiovascular benefits, but their impact on serum uric acid levels is not well understood. This study evaluates the hypouricemic effects of SGLT2is and their potential cardiovascular implications.Methods: A network meta-analysis was performed, including 56 studies (16,788 participants) contributing data to the meta-analysis. The effects of SGLT2is on serum uric acid levels were analyzed with weighted mean difference (WMD) as the effect estimate. Bootstrapped meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis, and meta-regression were utilized to validate the findings and assess the influence of covariates. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated.Results: The analysis revealed that SGLT2is significantly reduced serum uric acid levels (WMD: -40.01 μmol/L). Specific reductions were noted for ertugliflozin (-42.17 μmol/L), dapagliflozin (-40.28 μmol/L), empagliflozin (-46.75 μmol/L), canagliflozin (-35.55 μmol/L), and ipragliflozin (-10.48 μmol/L). Both low and high doses were effective, with empagliflozin showing the highest efficacy. No significant associations were found with covariates. The evidence was of moderate certainty.Conclusion: SGLT2is significantly lower serum uric acid levels, with empagliflozin being the most effective. These findings suggest a potential role in reducing cardiovascular risk. Further research is needed to explore their effects on hyperuricemic patients, and monitoring serum uric acid levels is recommended.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"139-146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of erectile dysfunction among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in India: a meta-analysis. 印度2型糖尿病患者勃起功能障碍患病率：一项荟萃分析

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2025.2469635

Rishabh Kumar Rana, Rajan Kumar Barnwal, Anuvi Sinha, Ratnesh Sinha

{"title":"Prevalence of erectile dysfunction among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in India: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Rishabh Kumar Rana, Rajan Kumar Barnwal, Anuvi Sinha, Ratnesh Sinha","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2469635","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2469635","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. DM patients develop both macrovascular and microvascular complications, erectile dysfunction (ED) being one of them. The risk of developing ED in DM patients as compared to those without DM is 3-4 times. Our study has reported the burden of ED in DM patients.Methods: Literature search was done by using PubMed and EMBASE databases for studies published from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2013 by using terms such as diabetes, erectile dysfunction, and their synonyms. Pooled prevalence was calculated by using random effect model and Der Simonian-Laird method. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal scale for cross-sectional studies was used for assessing the study quality.Results: Five hundred and sixty-seven studies were identified, out of which 10 studies were selected. The prevalence of ED in Type 2 DM patients in India was estimated 60.57% (95% CI: 48.84-72.30%).Conclusion: Prevalence of ED in DM patients is high in India. Stigma, stress, and phobia related to ED needs to be addressed. Screening, awareness, early diagnosis, and management for ED and DM will help in improving morbidity and mortality of the nation.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thyroid function and its association with vitamin deficiencies: a case-control study in Duhok. 甲状腺功能及其与维生素缺乏的关系：杜胡克的一项病例对照研究。

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2025.2469686

Larsa Naji Adam, Awat Mustafa Abbas

{"title":"Thyroid function and its association with vitamin deficiencies: a case-control study in Duhok.","authors":"Larsa Naji Adam, Awat Mustafa Abbas","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2469686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2025.2469686","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypothyroidism, characterized by insufficient thyroid hormone production, is a common endocrine disorder with significant health implications. Recent studies suggest that micronutrient deficiencies, particularly in vitamin D, vitamin B12, and ferritin, may contribute to thyroid dysfunction. This study aims to explore the relationship between hypothyroidism and these micronutrient deficiencies in a clinical setting.Research design and methods: A case-control study was conducted between September and December 2024 at Public Central Health Lab., Duhok Azadi teaching Hospital, Iraq. A total of 885 participants were included, with 170 hypothyroid patients and 715 healthy controls. Serum levels of TSH, T3, T4, vitamin D, vitamin B12, and ferritin were measured. Multivariable regression analysis was used to examine the associations between thyroid function and micronutrient status.Results: Hypothyroid patients had significantly higher TSH (9.4 ± 11.5 vs. 1.8 ± 0.8 mIU/L, p < 0.0001) and lower T4 (116.1 ± 28.6 vs. 129.2 ± 27.4 nmol/L, p < 0.0001) compared to controls. Vitamin B12 and ferritin levels were also lower in the hypothyroid group (p < 0.0001), while vitamin D showed no significant difference (p = 0.0524).Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is associated with vitamin B12 and ferritin deficiencies, highlighting the importance of micronutrient in thyroid dysfunction management. Future studies should explore autoantibodies.Clinical trial registration: http://duhokhealth.org/en/identifier/is/25092024-8-11.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is there anything left to eat? A lived experience insight of following a restrictive type 1 diabetes and dialysis diet. 还有什么可吃的吗？1型糖尿病和透析饮食后的生活经验。

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2025.2454396

Suzanne Schneider, Thomas M Barber, Marcus Saemann, Joanna Thurston

{"title":"Is there anything left to eat? A lived experience insight of following a restrictive type 1 diabetes and dialysis diet.","authors":"Suzanne Schneider, Thomas M Barber, Marcus Saemann, Joanna Thurston","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2454396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2025.2454396","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Chronic kidney disease has a global morbidity burden of >10%, with diabetes being a major cause. Nutrition therapy is vital in managing both chronic conditions, yet CKD dietary guidelines contradict healthy eating advice, and can result in major psychological and social burdens. Few studies investigate the patient's experience of being placed on such a restrictive diet. This auto/biographical review provides a unique perspective and aims to assist practitioners as they guide patients on 'what is left to eat.'Method: An auto/biographical approach, supported by a comprehensive literature review using data from MEDLINE, Embase, and PsychoINFO, was used to answer the question: 'What are the diet and lifestyle challenges of following a restrictive Type 1 Diabetes/CKD dialysis diet?'Results: Restrictive dietary and fluid regimes have a major effect on patients' illness beliefs, anxieties, and independence. This is discussed through five themes: Food is belonging; Normal is a Fallacy; Your numbers define you; A disease disguised as a virtue and Meeting the Elephant: ESKD diagnosis and the burden of dialysis.Conclusion: Dietary intervention is crucial in the management of T1D and ESKD, but equally important is to consider the implications of strict dietary regimes without sufficient evidence, guidance, and support.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes: a contemporary overview. 副肿瘤内分泌综合征：当代综述。

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2024.2448782

Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave, Jacsel Suarez-Rojas, Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio, Katia Rivera-Fabián, María Del Carmen Durand-Vásquez, Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga, José Paz-Ibarra, Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta

{"title":"Paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes: a contemporary overview.","authors":"Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave, Jacsel Suarez-Rojas, Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio, Katia Rivera-Fabián, María Del Carmen Durand-Vásquez, Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga, José Paz-Ibarra, Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2024.2448782","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2024.2448782","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (ePNS) are caused by malignant cells that induce hormonal alterations unrelated to the tissue of origin of the neoplasm. The aim of this manuscript is to review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes (ePNS).Areas covered: We searched the PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Scielo databases, including 96 articles. The pathogenesis of ePNS involves mutations that activate hormonal genes. Hypercalcemia, the most common ePNS, is marker of poor prognosis in most cases. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis causes euvolemic hyponatremia. Ectopic Cushing's syndrome is commonly associated with lung cancer. Paraneoplastic acromegaly is very rare and is associated with pancreatic and lung tumors. Paraneoplastic hypoglycemia usually requires surgical treatment. Other endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes include ectopic secretion of hormones such as calcitonin, renin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, fibroblast growth factor 23, paraneoplastic autoimmune hypophysitis, and others.Expert opinion: In addition to the local manifestations and metastasis of neoplasms, some secrete bioactive substances causing PNS. Recognizing and treating PNS early improves clinical outcomes. Larger-scale studies and clinical trials are needed to enhance their management and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"51-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glucocorticoid therapy in classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: traditional and new treatment paradigms. 经典先天性肾上腺增生的糖皮质激素治疗：传统和新的治疗范例。

IF 2.7

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2025.2450423

Irina Bancos, Hyunwoo Kim, Henry K Cheng, Mariam Rodriguez-Lee, Helen Coope, Samantha Cicero, Hannah Goldsmith, Vivian H Lin, George S Jeha

{"title":"Glucocorticoid therapy in classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia: traditional and new treatment paradigms.","authors":"Irina Bancos, Hyunwoo Kim, Henry K Cheng, Mariam Rodriguez-Lee, Helen Coope, Samantha Cicero, Hannah Goldsmith, Vivian H Lin, George S Jeha","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2450423","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2450423","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (CAH) is a rare genetic condition characterized by cortisol deficiency and excess adrenal androgens. CAH treatment is a lifelong balancing act between the need to reduce excess androgens, typically with supraphysiologic glucocorticoid (GC) doses, and concerns about potentially serious GC-related adverse events. Tradeoffs between the consequences of excess androgens versus GCs must be constantly reassessed throughout each patient's lifetime, based on current clinical needs and treatment goals. Adding to this burden are limited treatment options and the need for new CAH medications.Areas covered: This narrative review describes the current challenges of CAH treatment, the potential of new non-GC therapies to reduce excess androgens and thereby allow for lower GC doses, and the potential implications of decreasing GC doses to a more physiologic range (i.e. sufficient to replace missing cortisol, but without the need to reduce androgens).Expert opinion: Even with non-GC therapies, patients' needs will continue to shift throughout their lifetimes. Treatment will therefore always require joint decision-making between physicians and patients. However, over the lifetimes of patients with CAH, any reduction in GC daily dose may have a large cumulative impact in decreasing the GC-related burden of this disease.","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"33-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0