Priyanka C Iyer, Nupur Kikani, Sonya Khan, Aysha Chaudhri, Gabriel Pagnotti, Conor Best, Steven Weitzman, Paras Mehta, Victor Lavis, Sonali Thosani, Ayush Gandhi, Rebecca Schneider Aguirre, Jeena Varghese, Theresa Guise, Ramona Dadu
{"title":"The evolving management of endocrine disorders induced by checkpoint inhibitors: insights from the CIITED group.","authors":"Priyanka C Iyer, Nupur Kikani, Sonya Khan, Aysha Chaudhri, Gabriel Pagnotti, Conor Best, Steven Weitzman, Paras Mehta, Victor Lavis, Sonali Thosani, Ayush Gandhi, Rebecca Schneider Aguirre, Jeena Varghese, Theresa Guise, Ramona Dadu","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2593621","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2593621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) induced endocrinopathies are a commonly encountered immune-related adverse event during cancer treatment. Several oncology and endocrinology groups have put together guidelines on the management of these adverse events. However, the management is evolving as we learn more about the natural history of these entities.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>A thorough literature search for articles pertaining to ICIs and endocrinopathies was performed and supplemented by expert opinions of the authors. Additionally, we present unanswered questions that need further research including ICI-mediated effects on diabetes and bone health.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>While there is a consensus on the management of endocrinopathies caused by ICI, there is a lot unknown. While ICI can be safely continued, conditions like adrenal insufficiency, primary hypothyroidism, and diabetes resulting from ICI require lifelong hormone replacement. However, there are several questions unanswered. Hence, the endocrinologists at our cancer center have come together as a working group to explore 'checkpoint inhibitor induced toxic endocrinopathies and diabetes' (CIITED). Future directions intended to explore are the long-term sequelae of ICI endocrinopathies as well as possible role for immune modulating therapies in their management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"29-41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145631375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nadia Chaudhury, Petra Hanson, Katharine Cass, R Nimmi Rajapakshe, Ranganatha Rao, Pn Narasimha Murthy
{"title":"Complexities with diagnosis and management of symptomatic hypoglycemia during pregnancy post-bariatric surgery: a scoping review.","authors":"Nadia Chaudhury, Petra Hanson, Katharine Cass, R Nimmi Rajapakshe, Ranganatha Rao, Pn Narasimha Murthy","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2593624","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2593624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Post-bariatric surgery hypoglycemia (PBH) in pregnancy is an important yet likely under-recognized complication. It is associated with maternal and fetal risks, including lifestyle implications, reduced cognition, intrauterine growth restriction and premature delivery. Management is challenging, with no specific guidelines targeted to care in pregnancy published.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We conducted a scoping review, searching PUBMED, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases for all relevant studies of PBH in pregnancy between June 1974 and 2025. Our review identified 16 papers discussing 20 cases. Dietary management alone showed success in 9/20 cases. Several trialed pharmacological treatment alongside with mixed response: 1/20 cases trialed Nifedipine (partial improvement in symptoms), 3/20 Acarbose (variable success noted), 2/20 Octreotide (not tolerated) and 1/20 Diazoxide (improvement in symptoms noted). Complications reported include maternal nutritional deficiencies (3/20), neonatal hypoglycemia (3/20), fetal growth restriction (2/20), premature delivery (3/20), and neonatal death (1/20).</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>PBH during pregnancy has great health and psychological implications, with risks to both mother and neonate. Mainstay management of dietary intervention leaves much to be desired, with continuation of recurrent PBH in the majority of cases. Randomized controlled trials investigating safety and efficacy of pharmacological intervention during pregnancy are essential.</p>","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"69-80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145899644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances to fertility preservation in patients with gynecological cancers.","authors":"Loris Marin, Nazli Aylin Vural, Kutluk H Oktay","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2596680","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2596680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Fertility preservation has become increasingly important in the multidisciplinary care of women with gynecologic cancers, especially as delayed childbearing has contributed to a rise in cancer diagnoses during reproductive ages. In this context, advancements in fertility preservation have greatly enhanced the variety of strategies offered to women facing gynecologic cancers, offering both established and emerging options to women diagnosed with cervical, endometrial, and ovarian malignancies.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review provides a comprehensive overview of current fertility-preserving approaches in gynecologic oncology, highlighting latest developments in surgical, medical, and assisted reproductive techniques. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web-of-Science (2010-2025). We examine the indications, oncologic safety, and reproductive outcomes of fertility-sparing procedures, including radical trachelectomy, hormonal therapy for early-stage endometrial cancer, and conservative management of borderline ovarian tumors. Additionally, we discuss the role and timing of oocyte/embryo and ovarian tissue cryopreservation, particularly in urgent gynecologic oncological case scenarios. Critical challenges such as optimal patient selection, individualized risk assessment, and coordination between gynecologic oncology and fertility specialists are addressed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Fertility preservation in gynecologic oncology has evolved considerably, yet several unmet needs remain, and future research with a focus on improving oncologic and reproductive outcomes is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145654034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Tanashat, Maram Albandak, Nour Fakih, Abdelrahman M Elettreby, Mohamed Abouzid, Mu'taz J Alwadi, Maryam Habboush, Hebah AlMomani, Samah AlAnanzeh, Minnat Allah Al Akash, Kamil Ahmad Kamil, Hadeel B Heilat
{"title":"Assessing diabetes awareness and health behaviors among adults in Jordan: a national cross-sectional study.","authors":"Mohammad Tanashat, Maram Albandak, Nour Fakih, Abdelrahman M Elettreby, Mohamed Abouzid, Mu'taz J Alwadi, Maryam Habboush, Hebah AlMomani, Samah AlAnanzeh, Minnat Allah Al Akash, Kamil Ahmad Kamil, Hadeel B Heilat","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2609601","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2609601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus is a major public health challenge in Jordan. This study aimed to assess diabetes awareness and health behaviors among Jordanian adults and identify key sociodemographic predictors of knowledge.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A national cross-sectional study was conducted, surveying 1,994 adults via online and in-person interviews. A validated questionnaire assessed diabetes knowledge and health behaviors. Data were analyzed using multivariate regression to identify predictors of knowledge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>General diabetes awareness was high (98%), but specific knowledge gaps were identified. Only 52.3% understood glucose tolerance testing, and 38% recognized that diabetes control improves by avoiding smoking. Higher education (Bachelor's: β = 0.39, <i>p</i> = 0.004; Master's: β = 0.68, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and healthcare employment (β = 1.34, <i>p</i> < 0.001) strongly predicted better knowledge. Healthier behaviors like regular exercise (β = 0.24, <i>p</i> = 0.004) and balanced diets (β = 0.19, <i>p</i> = 0.001) correlated with higher scores, while smokers scored lower (β = -0.29, <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite high general awareness, critical gaps persist in diagnostics and lifestyle-related knowledge. Targeted interventions addressing smoking cessation, testing protocols, and culturally tailored education are needed to enhance diabetes management in Jordan.</p>","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giulia Misasi, Ipek Betul Ozcivit Erkan, Eleonora Russo, Elena Pisacreta, Tiziana Fidecicchi, Maria Magdalena Montt Guevara, Tommaso Simoncini
{"title":"Pelvic floor dysfunction in menopause: screening, evaluation and management.","authors":"Giulia Misasi, Ipek Betul Ozcivit Erkan, Eleonora Russo, Elena Pisacreta, Tiziana Fidecicchi, Maria Magdalena Montt Guevara, Tommaso Simoncini","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2604552","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2604552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFD) in women result from genetic and acquired factors such as pregnancy, aging, and menopause. Despite their high prevalence, PFD during midlife remain underdiagnosed and undertreated. PFD include urinary incontinence, prolapse, sexual dysfunction, and recurrent urinary tract infections, all of which significantly impair quality of life and require targeted evaluation and treatment.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review examines how menopause and aging contribute to pelvic floor dysfunction through estrogen deficiency, muscle atrophy, and reduced collagen, resulting in urinary incontinence, prolapse, overactive bladder, and increased susceptibility to urinary infection. A detailed overview of clinical assessment is provided, including clinical assessment and an analysis of the various management and treatment options. A literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for studies published up to 1 March 2025, using keywords related to menopause, aging, pelvic floor disorders, and genitourinary symptoms.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>PFD in postmenopausal women are chronic, progressive conditions that benefit from early identification, and a multidisciplinary approach. Future management will rely increasingly on AI-driven diagnostic tools, personalized therapies using genomics and hormonal profiling, greater public awareness, and expanded access through telemedicine and digital tools, ultimately improving outcomes and reducing stigma.</p>","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"53-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145793630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christine Manich Bech Baggesgaard, Margit Bistrup Fischer, Anette Tønnes Pedersen, Katharina Maria Main, Casper P Hagen
{"title":"Predictors of spontaneous puberty - guiding of puberty induction in Turner syndrome.","authors":"Christine Manich Bech Baggesgaard, Margit Bistrup Fischer, Anette Tønnes Pedersen, Katharina Maria Main, Casper P Hagen","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2609597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2025.2609597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145855084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism: a common disease in search of common standards.","authors":"Natalie E Cusano","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2599269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2025.2599269","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145721842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What role does metabolic disfunction-associated fatty liver disease play in the metabolic landscape of pregnancy?","authors":"Annunziata Lapolla, Maria Grazia Dalfrà","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2587206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2025.2587206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reframing polycystic ovary syndrome as a complication of obesity: the evolving role of incretin-based therapies.","authors":"Mojca Jensterle, Andrej Janez","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2554668","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2554668","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"445-448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sarcopenic obesity: pathogenesis, epidemiology and management in older adults.","authors":"Costas Glavas, David Scott","doi":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2543811","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17446651.2025.2543811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sarcopenic obesity is the confluence of low skeletal muscle mass and function with excess adiposity. Sarcopenic obesity is becoming increasingly prevalent among older adults and may contribute to greater risk of functional decline, falls, fractures and mortality than sarcopenia or obesity alone.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This narrative expert review, based on targeted literature searches and the authors' personal libraries, outlines the current understanding of sarcopenic obesity, including its multifactorial pathophysiology. We also describe the current operational definition and estimated prevalence in older populations, and its impact on musculoskeletal and cardiometabolic health. Evidence from interventional studies exploring the use of targeted multimodal lifestyle behavior interventions, with a focus on the primary role of exercise and caloric restriction, to address sarcopenic obesity and its consequences is presented. Finally, we discuss recommendations for clinical practice and future research aimed at optimizing body composition and physical function in older adults.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Despite a lack of consistent evidence on its prevalence, it is clear that sarcopenic obesity conveys serious health consequences. Further research is required to determine the optimal approaches to its diagnosis and management, but this should not act as a barrier to assessment and intervention in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12107,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"461-469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}