Experimental Physiology最新文献_第6页

Myocellular adaptations to short-term weighted wheel-running exercise are largely conserved during C26-tumour induction in male and female mice. 在雄性和雌性小鼠的c26肿瘤诱导过程中，心肌细胞对短期负重轮跑运动的适应在很大程度上是保守的。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1113/EP092504

Stavroula Tsitkanou, Pieter Koopmans, Calvin Peterson, Ana Regina Cabrera, Ruqaiza Muhyudin, Francielly Morena, Sabin Khadgi, Eleanor R Schrems, Tyrone A Washington, Kevin A Murach, Nicholas P Greene

{"title":"Myocellular adaptations to short-term weighted wheel-running exercise are largely conserved during C26-tumour induction in male and female mice.","authors":"Stavroula Tsitkanou, Pieter Koopmans, Calvin Peterson, Ana Regina Cabrera, Ruqaiza Muhyudin, Francielly Morena, Sabin Khadgi, Eleanor R Schrems, Tyrone A Washington, Kevin A Murach, Nicholas P Greene","doi":"10.1113/EP092504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092504","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated whether performing a translatable murine model of concurrent training after tumour induction affects adaptations in juvenile male and female tumour-bearing mice. Male and female Balb/c mice were injected bilaterally with colon-26 adenocarcinoma (C26) cells or PBS at 8 weeks of age. Half the mice then performed 24 days of voluntary wheel running with progressively increased load (PoWeR training), whereas the rest remained sedentary. Deuterium oxide-based protein synthesis, muscle fibre-type composition and size, protein turnover and mitochondrial markers were assessed 25 days after tumour induction. Average gastrocnemius muscle fibre size was smaller with PoWeR regardless of tumour in males and females, concomitant with a pronounced faster-to-slower fibre-type transition. In male tumour-bearing mice, PoWeR training resulted in greater Redd1, Murf1 and Pgc1α mRNA content than all the other groups, along with lower overall running volume, food consumption and protein synthesis relative to control animals. Molecular measures followed a similar pattern in tumour-bearing female mice with PoWeR, but food consumption, running volume and muscle protein synthesis were maintained. PoWeR training lowered gonadal fat during cancer cachexia in both sexes, and greater heart weight was observed regardless of tumour presence. A negative correlation was found between tumour weight and running distance. Collectively, PoWeR has a similar effect on muscle cellular phenotype in both sexes regardless of tumour presence, and a training effect in male mice with cancer cachexia was present despite molecular and protein synthesis dysregulation.","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrigenomic insights and cardiovascular benefits of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius Schott.) and mugwort (Artemisia campestris L.). 黑莓（Rubus ulmifolius Schott.）和艾草（Artemisia campestris L.）的营养基因组学见解和心血管益处。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1113/EP092218

Afaf Mehiou, Anca Lucau-Danila, Zachee L E Akissi, Chaimae Alla, Nourelhouda Bouanani, Abdelkhaleq Legssyer, Jean-Louis Hilbert, Sevser Sahpaz, Abderrahim Ziyyat

{"title":"Nutrigenomic insights and cardiovascular benefits of blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius Schott.) and mugwort (Artemisia campestris L.).","authors":"Afaf Mehiou, Anca Lucau-Danila, Zachee L E Akissi, Chaimae Alla, Nourelhouda Bouanani, Abdelkhaleq Legssyer, Jean-Louis Hilbert, Sevser Sahpaz, Abderrahim Ziyyat","doi":"10.1113/EP092218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092218","url":null,"abstract":"Blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius Schott) and mugwort (Artemisia campestris L.) are plants traditionally used to treat various pathologies, including hypertension. The vasodilatory and hypotensive effects of blackberry were investigated through experiments in rat models (n = 5 rats per group) and compared with those of mugwort, which had been demonstrated previously. A nutrigenomic experiment in mouse models (n = 3 mice per group) was also performed for both plants to associate biomarker genes with these effects. Additionally, a phytochemical analysis was carried out to identify the bioactive molecules responsible for the cardiovascular effects. A dose-dependent hypotensive effect and a carbachol-like vasodilatory effect were observed for blackberry and compared with those of mugwort. These effects were associated with the deregulation of gene expression related to vessel lumen expansion (Amotl2, Cdh1 and Tfcp2l1) and circulatory system morphology and activity (Dsp, Ahnak, Prcp and Smtnl2) for both plants. Their functional potential also includes antiproliferative, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and appetite-regulating properties. Chlorogenic acids, quercetin and kaempferol derivatives were identified in blackberry as the main bioactive molecules likely to be responsible for its cardiovascular effect. The blackberry extract exhibited a vasorelaxant effect 20 times greater than mugwort, attributed to the exclusive presence of the hypotensive galloyl-bis-HHDP glucose derivative and a more pronounced upregulation of Tfcp2l1, which is involved in epithelial cell maturation. This study validates the traditional use of blackberry and mugwort in treatment of hypertension, identifies marker genes and bioactive molecules for vasodilatory and hypotensive effects and expands their potential applications to cancer prevention, inflammation reduction and appetite regulation.","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blue plaque review series: Dr. Florence Buchanan: A trailblazing physiologist in an era of barriers and breakthroughs. 蓝斑评论系列：佛罗伦斯·布坎南博士：在一个障碍和突破的时代，一位开拓性的生理学家。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1113/EP092228

Brian C Clark

{"title":"Blue plaque review series: Dr. Florence Buchanan: A trailblazing physiologist in an era of barriers and breakthroughs.","authors":"Brian C Clark","doi":"10.1113/EP092228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092228","url":null,"abstract":"What do Charles Darwin, T.H. Huxley, August Krogh and Charles Sherrington have in common? Florence Buchanan - a name history has unjustly dimmed but never erased. Her academic lineage is a direct thread through the titans of biology: E. Ray Lankester mentored her after being shaped by Huxley, Darwin's celebrated protégé. Buchanan's early career flourished under the mentorship of John Scott Burdon-Sanderson, but it was as an independent scientist that she collaborated with Nobel laureates Krogh and Sherrington, cementing her place among the greatest physiologists of her era. While accolades marked her career - a doctor of science, prestigious fellowships and groundbreaking publications - her path was anything but easy. As the first woman to attend meetings of The Physiological Society, she broke barriers but faced systemic exclusions, barred from The Society's dinners where scientific relationships were forged. Buchanan's meticulous experiments revealed muscles' intrinsic electrical rhythms and reshaped how physiology understands the neural control of the heart. Though her contributions were celebrated in her time, they were often overshadowed by her male colleagues. Who was this trailblazer whose scientific rigor and resilience quietly shaped modern physiology?","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Firing properties of muscle spindle afferents in the intrinsic foot muscles and tactile afferents from the sole of the foot during upright stance. 直立站立时足部内在肌肉的肌纺锤体传入神经和足底触觉传入神经的发射特性。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1113/EP092348

Thomas P Knellwolf, Alex Burton, Elie Hamman, Vaughan G Macefield

{"title":"Firing properties of muscle spindle afferents in the intrinsic foot muscles and tactile afferents from the sole of the foot during upright stance.","authors":"Thomas P Knellwolf, Alex Burton, Elie Hamman, Vaughan G Macefield","doi":"10.1113/EP092348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092348","url":null,"abstract":"We review our approach for undertaking microelectrode recordings from the posterior tibial nerve at the ankle, which has allowed us to identify, for the first time, the firing properties of muscle spindle endings in the intrinsic muscles of the foot and of cutaneous mechanoreceptors in the sole during unsupported standing. The responsiveness of muscle spindles in the short muscles of the foot to stretch and related joint movements was similar to that of spindles located in the intrinsic muscles of the hand. Only 27% were spontaneously active in the unloaded condition, whereas 50% were active during unsupported free standing. Moreover, in the latter condition firing rates of 67% of the endings were correlated with changes of the centre of pressure (CoP), primarily (88%) along the anteroposterior axis. The firing of cutaneous afferents supplying the sole of the foot in unsupported free standing depended on the receptor type and location of the receptive field: fast-adapting type I and slowly adapting type I afferents responded transiently during contact with the substrate on standing and to spontaneous postural adjustments, whereas the tonic firing of slowly adapting type II endings encoded fluctuations in the CoP. We conclude that muscle spindle endings in the intrinsic muscles of the foot are recruited or increase their spontaneous discharge on standing and can faithfully encode changes in CoP during spontaneous or evoked postural sway, a function shared by slowly adapting type II afferents in the sole. These data emphasize the important contributions of sensory sources in the foot to maintaining and responding to perturbations in upright posture.","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From blood flow to organ function: The physiology of autoregulatory dynamics. 从血流到器官功能：自我调节动力学的生理学。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1113/EP092760

Niels-Henrik Holstein-Rathlou, Donald J Marsh

引用次数: 0

Spaceflight and sport science: Physiological monitoring and countermeasures for the astronaut-athlete on Mars exploration missions. 航天与运动科学：火星探测任务中航天员运动员的生理监测与对策。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1113/EP091595

Luke DeVirgiliis, Nicholas J Goode, Kurt W McDowell, Kirk L English, Robert Novo, Virina Botros, Ginika Agwu, Jessica M Scott, Lori L Ploutz-Snyder

{"title":"Spaceflight and sport science: Physiological monitoring and countermeasures for the astronaut-athlete on Mars exploration missions.","authors":"Luke DeVirgiliis, Nicholas J Goode, Kurt W McDowell, Kirk L English, Robert Novo, Virina Botros, Ginika Agwu, Jessica M Scott, Lori L Ploutz-Snyder","doi":"10.1113/EP091595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP091595","url":null,"abstract":"Long-duration spaceflight impacts essentially every system in the human body, resulting in multisystem deconditioning that might impair the health and performance of crewmembers, particularly on long-duration exploration missions to Mars. In this review, we apply the sport science model of athlete monitoring, testing and training to astronauts; tactical athletes, whose occupation includes physically demanding tasks. We discuss exploration-specific physiological monitoring modalities and provide a brief historical overview of physiological countermeasures to spaceflight. Finally, we suggest countermeasures to protect exploration crew health and performance, including targeted preflight and in-flight exercise training, in-flight exercise hardware and adjunct individualized nutrition and sleep considerations. Mars exploration missions will be exemplars of the astronaut-athlete paradigm. An integrated approach to physiological monitoring and countermeasures will maximize the likelihood of exploration mission success.","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cardiac output limits maximal oxygen consumption, but what limits maximal cardiac output? 心输出量限制最大耗氧量，但什么限制最大心输出量？

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1113/EP091594

Ilkka Heinonen

{"title":"Cardiac output limits maximal oxygen consumption, but what limits maximal cardiac output?","authors":"Ilkka Heinonen","doi":"10.1113/EP091594","DOIUrl":"10.1113/EP091594","url":null,"abstract":"Maximal oxygen uptake/consumption is an important variable determining exercise performance. It is generally considered to be limited largely, but not exclusively, by maximal cardiac output (CO), which limits the ability of heart to pump oxygen-rich arterial blood to working muscles. Cardiac output is a product of heart rate and stroke volume, which is the amount of blood ejected from the heart by one heart beat. Exercise training, especially of the endurance type, can increase maximal CO substantially. A straightforward way for the heart to increase maximal CO would be to increase maximal heart rate, but this does not happen; instead, maximal heart rate tends to be reduced after training. This is because heart rate is the most important determinant of myocardial oxygen consumption, and ventricular filling and myocardial blood flow (MBF) would be compromised by further increases in heart rate, given that MBF is blunted by contractions and occurs principally during diastole. Myocardial oxygen extraction is already high at rest and is increased further in endurance-trained athletes, making their hearts even more dependent on increases in MBF. The trained heart therefore also shows reduced MBF, enhanced blood mean transit time and higher myocardial vascular resistance at rest and during submaximal exercise, although MBF reserve is not improved. It follows logically that MBF is an important determinant of myocardial performance, and it is proposed in this review that cardiac afferent sensory nerves might contribute to controlling and limiting heart rate, hence maximal CO, in order to protect the heart from ischaemia.","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":"110 5","pages":"666-674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1113/EP091594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Science of omics: a molecular space odyssey. 奥米克斯科学：分子空间奥德赛。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1113/EP092777

Salomé Coppens, Christophe Hirtz, Margaux Vignon, Damian M Bailey

引用次数: 0

Physiology of lived experience: 25 years of military load carriage. 生理生活经验：25年军用载重车。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Experimental Physiology Pub Date : 2025-04-03 DOI: 10.1113/EP092409

Christopher A J Vine, Nicholas Schofield

引用次数: 0

Letter to the editor on exercise and immune competence: using pre-clinical findings to inform the design of clinical studies. 给编辑的关于运动和免疫能力的信：使用临床前研究结果来通知临床研究的设计。