Experimental Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Limited matching of the cardiac output response to the peripheral demand of heat stress and exercise.","authors":"Moritz Lampkemeyer, Jonas Kell, Veit Börß, Tobias Claussen, Fabian Spahiu, Michelle Ottlik, Lars C Helbig, Craig G Crandall, Eric J Stöhr","doi":"10.1113/EP092688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is widely accepted that cardiac output matches the prevailing peripheral demand in healthy humans. However, it remains unknown whether stroke volume and heart rate are regulated interdependently to arrive at a specific cardiac output. The aim of this study was to determine whether the healthy human heart responds specifically according to the peripheral demands of heat stress and exercise. Eleven healthy humans (women/men n = 3/8; age = 26 ± 2 years; body mass = 73 ± 11 kg) underwent leg heat stress and cycling exercise (60 W), with and without blood flow restriction (pressure set at the prevailing mean arterial pressure of the individual). Cardiac output was measured with triplane echocardiography. Additionally, haemodynamics, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and lactate were assessed. Data were analysed using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA. Despite stable heat and exercise demands, cardiac output decreased significantly with blood flow restriction in both conditions (Δ-0.87 and -1.03 L min^-1, 17% and 11%, respectively, p = 0.01), owing to a decline in end-diastolic volume (p < 0.0001) and stroke volume (p < 0.0001) not sufficiently compensated for by an increase in heart rate (p = 0.001). Importantly, these responses were accompanied by an increased rate of skin temperature rise (p = 0.04) during heat stress and a significantly greater rise in circulating lactate (p < 0.0001) during exercise. The cardiac output response to local heat stress and submaximal exercise does not appear to be entirely specific to the peripheral thermal and energetic requirements. This finding supports the theory that even the healthy heart does not coordinate stroke volume and heart rate to arrive at a specific target output.</p>","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: Comparison of Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Continuous Exercise on Acute Lung Injury Induced with Methotrexate.","authors":"","doi":"10.1113/eph.13825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/eph.13825","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a standardized single-session cardiopulmonary exercise test for combined assessment of peak oxygen uptake and on/off-kinetics.","authors":"Jefferson L Santana, Till Enzner, Britney Blunderfield, Asher A Mendelson, Rodrigo Villar","doi":"10.1113/EP092337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092337","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Peak oxygen uptake ( &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;̇&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;mi&gt;peak&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;${{dot{V}}_{{{{mathrm{O}}}_2}{mathrm{peak}}}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; ) and &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;̇&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;${{dot{V}}_{{{{mathrm{O}}}_2}}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; on/off-kinetics are key indicators of exercise capacity and health outcomes, but their assessment often requires separate laboratory visits, which limits feasibility. This cross-sectional study aimed to develop a single cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) for both assessments. We designed a single-session combined CPET protocol using an upright cycle ergometer in healthy volunteers (n = 20). &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;̇&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;mi&gt;peak&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;${{dot{V}}_{{{{mathrm{O}}}_2}{mathrm{peak}}}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; was first estimated using an a priori formula. The constant work rate (CWR) part of the test (on-kinetics) was set to an intensity of 30% &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;̇&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;mi&gt;reserve&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;${{dot{V}}_{{{{mathrm{O}}}_2}{mathrm{reserve}}}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; . After an incremental test to measure &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;̇&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;mi&gt;peak&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;${{dot{V}}_{{{{mathrm{O}}}_2}{mathrm{peak}}}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; , a 10-min recovery period was used to evaluate off-kinetics. Twenty volunteers (9 females and 11 males), 28.0 ± 8.1 years completed the protocol. No significant differences were found between predicted and measured &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;̇&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;mi&gt;peak&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;${{dot{V}}_{{{{mathrm{O}}}_2}{mathrm{peak}}}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; (P = 0.47). A strong correlation (r = 0.88) and good agreement (Bland-Altman bias = -0.82 mL kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; min&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) were found between the calculated/actual individuals' 30% &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;̇&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;mi&gt;reserve&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;${{dot{V}}_{{{{mathrm{O}}}_2}{mathrm{reserve}}}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; (mL kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; min&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) and the measured steady-state &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mover&gt;&lt;mi&gt;V&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mo&gt;̇&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt; &lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/msub&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;${{dot{V}}_{{{{mathrm{O}}}_2}}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; at CWR. The measured exercise intensity at CWR closely matched the target of 30%, with no statistical differences, with an average difference of 0.2 percentage points. Small-medium Cohen's d (0.16) indic","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increase in plasma succinate is associated with aerobic lactate production in a model of endotoxic shock.","authors":"Juan D Caicedo Ruiz, Jorge I Alvarado Sanchez, Juan J Diaztagle Fernández, Cándida Diaz Brochero, Luis E Cruz Martinez","doi":"10.1113/EP092109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Krebs or tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle plays a key role in the regulation of immune responses and adaptations to hypoxia that occur during sepsis. Although the concentrations of some of these intermediates have been reported to be increased in large cohorts of septic patients, a detailed analysis of their changes during sepsis is still lacking. Here, we investigated the plasma concentrations of several TCA intermediates in a swine model of endotoxic shock and the relationship between these TCA cycle intermediates and lactate production. Nine female swine were administered lipopolysaccharide to induce endotoxic shock, while four females served as controls. Plasma samples were collected at three time points: baseline, 3 and 6 h after lipopolysaccharide administration. Control samples were collected at parallel time points. Quantification of TCA intermediates, lactate and pyruvate was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Oxygen-derived variables were obtained by gas analysis of arterial and venous samples. The endotoxic shock group showed a significant increase in lactate, accompanied by stability of oxygen-derived variables and a low lactate:pyruvate ratio, indicative of aerobic conditions. Of all the TCA intermediates analysed, only citrate and succinate showed significant increases compared with controls. Furthermore, the changes in lactate were determined, in part, by the changes in succinate concentration. The increase in succinate concentrations was associated with the increase in lactate in global aerobic conditions. Our results suggest a potential role for succinate as a biomarker of aerobic lactate production.</p>","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microgravity-induced changes in skeletal muscle and possible countermeasures: What we can learn from bed rest and human space studies.","authors":"Alessandra Bosutti, Bergita Ganse, Nicola A Maffiuletti, Rob C I Wüst, Gustav J Strijkers, Andy Sanderson, Hans Degens","doi":"10.1113/EP092345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite exercise countermeasures to sustain health and performance in spaceflight, complete maintenance of muscle mass and functions in microgravity is still not possible for most astronauts. The principal cause of the limited effectiveness of existing exercise countermeasures is the difficulty in achieving full loading forces in space. The implementation of countermeasures which require small devices and simulate Earth-like loading forces to maintain muscle mass, strength and endurance is therefore highly desirable. At present, the cellular mechanisms that induce muscle atrophy in weightlessness are not yet fully known; a better understanding of how skeletal muscle cells adapt to microgravity will help in designing more effective countermeasures to sustain the health and operational capacity of the crew during long- and short-duration missions. The 6° head-down-tilt bed rest is a powerful ground-based analogue platform to simulate and study the physiological effects of spaceflight on the human body, and test the effectiveness of countermeasures before they are potentially applied in space. The aims of this narrative review are therefore to provide an overview of (i) the main mechanisms underlining muscle atrophy learnt from space and bed rest studies, (ii) the currently available countermeasures, and (iii) potential suitable countermeasures - such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation that is delivered with light and small portable units - to attenuate muscle wasting in astronauts during spaceflight.</p>","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does breast size matter? The thermoregulatory, perceptual and mechanical properties of the breast.","authors":"Hannah Blount","doi":"10.1113/EP092441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute intermittent hypoxia in neonatal rodent central nervous system facilitates respiratory frequency through the recruitment of hypothalamic areas.","authors":"Rosamaria Apicella, Graciela L Mazzone, Giuliano Taccola","doi":"10.1113/EP092303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Moderate and acute intermittent hypoxia (IH) facilitates respiration in adults, mostly by recruiting peripheral chemo-/baroreceptors. As central chemoreceptors are widely expressed in immature brains, we hypothesized that IH modulates respiration at birth through a purely neurogenic mechanism involving the hypothalamus. The central nervous system (CNS) isolated from 0- to 3-day-old rats was perfused with four to eight brief (5 min) bouts of mild-hypoxic/normocapnic modified Krebs solution, intermingled with 5-min normoxic episodes, during continuous electrophysiological recordings from upper cervical ventral roots. An IH protocol did not modify bath pH, but superficial ventrolateral medulla and hypothalamic areas experienced lowered oxygen tension, more severe after the second postnatal day, with a partial recovery after each bout. Single exposures to mild hypoxia were well tolerated, and at birth often triggered a spontaneous epoch of irregular baseline activity (< 1 min) superimposed on respiratory events in both whole CNS preparations and spinal cords. Conversely, IH largely halted breathing activity after the second postnatal day, while at birth IH transiently increased the amplitude of respiratory bursts and stably sped up rhythm only when intact suprapontine structures were present. Rhythm acceleration was not directly correlated to instantaneous changes in tissue oxygen tension. After IH, respiratory frequency remained 260% higher than pre-IH control for up to 60 min. Identical modulatory effects were observed with IH supplied through a HEPES buffer solution. Interestingly, IH increased electrical activity and cFos expression in hypothalamic areas without altering total cell number. These observations cast some light on the mechanisms of IH during development, with important insights about pediatric effects of repeated hypoxic episodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing 17β-estradiol and progesterone concentrations in young, physically active females: Insights from plasma versus serum analysis.","authors":"Samantha N Rowland, Mariasole Da Boit, Rachel Tan, Liam M Heaney, Stephen J Bailey","doi":"10.1113/EP092415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serum measurements of 17β-estradiol and progesterone are widely used to verify menstrual cycle status and confirm contraceptive use, often through commercially available immunoassay kits. However, no studies have investigated whether blood collection tube chemistries influence hormone concentrations in young females, despite assays permitting the use of different biofluids with similar reference ranges. In this study, venous blood was sampled from physically active females (n = 25) using Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and serum vacutainers, and 17β-estradiol and progesterone concentrations were measured using competitive immunoenzymatic assays. Median plasma concentrations of 17β-estradiol and progesterone were 44.2% (plasma 40.75 vs. serum 28.25 pg/ml) and 78.9% (plasma 1.70 vs. serum 0.95 ng/ml) higher than serum concentrations, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Strong positive correlations were observed between plasma and serum concentrations for 17β-estradiol (r = 0.72; P < 0.001) and progesterone (r = 0.89; P < 0.001). The mean bias and limits of agreement for plasma versus serum were 12.5 pg/ml (-20.6 to 45.5 pg/ml) for 17β-estradiol and 1.01 ng/ml (-5.6 to 7.6 ng/ml) for progesterone. Ovarian hormone levels were consistently higher in EDTA plasma compared with serum, with these matrices not yielding statistically equivalent results. Despite these differences, the strong correlations and good agreement suggest that both matrices are suitable for biomarker analysis. Researchers using EDTA plasma should account for the higher hormone concentrations when applying inclusion or exclusion criteria, because adjustments might be necessary to ensure appropriate participant classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ageing changes the proprioceptive contribution to balance control under different types of mastoid vibration: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Haoyu Xie, Zhuo Wang, Chuhuai Wang, Jung Hung Chien","doi":"10.1113/EP092548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ageing-related sensory deteriorations are significantly associated with poor balance control among older individuals, resulting in a higher risk of falling in a dark environment. In particular, the proprioceptive system plays a critical role in maintaining balance. This study aimed to determine how ageing-related sensory deteriorations contributed to balance control during standing under various sensory conflicts. Twenty healthy, active adults (10 young and 10 older) participated in this study. Balance control was quantified through two sensory organization test conditions (SOT-1: unblindfolded standing; SOT-2: blindfolded standing). Mastoid vibration (MV) was applied unilaterally (Uni) or bilaterally (Bi) to mastoid processes, for perturbing vestibular inputs. A total of six trials were assigned to each participant in a random order. Dependent variables included traveling route (TR), performance index (PI) and sample entropy (SaEn) in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions. Our results showed that (1) compared to without MV, applying MV significantly increased TR_AP (Uni: P = 0.003; Bi: P < 0.001) and TR_ML (Uni: P = 0.009; Bi: P = 0.011) of all participants during blindfolded standing; (2) the application of Uni and Bi significantly increased PI_AP, PI_ML, SaEn_AP and SaEn_ML of young and older adults when standing in the SOT-1 and SOT-2 conditions (P < 0.05); and (3) older adults demonstrated significantly higher PI_AP, PI_ML and SaEn_ML than young adults in standing. This study indicated the potential risk of imbalance attributed to ageing-related proprioceptive and vestibular deteriorations even in healthy older adults. Furthermore, unilateral MV had a stronger effect on disturbing ML balance control than bilateral MV.</p>","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of morning or evening fasted cycling on gastrointestinal function and appetite and metabolic responses in healthy males with overweight.","authors":"Victoria J McIver, Lewis R Mattin, Gethin H Evans, Adora M W Yau","doi":"10.1113/EP092078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/EP092078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Combining fasting with exercise may influence gastric emptying rate (GER) and provide benefits to weight management and metabolic health. Furthermore, the time of day in which exercise is performed may also influence these variables. The aim was to investigate if fasting or fed exercise at different times of the day would alter GER, appetite and metabolic responses. Twelve males with overweight completed four experimental trials in a randomised crossover fashion involving cycling exercise in the morning fasted (FASTED-AM), evening fasted (FASTED-PM) and after a standardised meal in the morning (FED-AM) and evening (FED-PM). GER of a semi-solid meal was measured using the ¹³C-breath test for 2 h. Appetite hormones, metabolic markers and subjective appetite were measured throughout, with energy intake (EI) monitored for the following 24 h. No difference was observed for GER between trials. No differences were seen between trials for appetite hormone responses except pancreatic polypeptide hormone incremental area under the curve (iAUC) was greater in FED-PM compared to FASTED-AM and FASTED-PM (P < 0.05). Glucose concentrations were greater in the postprandial period of FASTED-PM compared to all trials (P < 0.05). No differences in other metabolic marker responses were seen between trials. GER in individuals with overweight was not sensitive to a diurnal variation following fasted or fed exercise, and an acute bout of fasted exercise did not evoke compensatory effects on appetite responses or 24 h EI. Glucose control may be impaired with FASTED-PM exercise. Future work is required to assess the long-term impact of fasted exercise on gastrointestinal function, appetite regulation and metabolic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12092,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Physiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}