European Journal of Clinical Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The role of genetic variation in apolipoprotein response to diet among Brazilians with cardiovascular disease","authors":"Angela C. Bersch-Ferreira, Renato Hideo N. Santos, Marcelo M. Rogero, Rachel Helena V. Machado, Josefina Bressan, Annie Seixas B. Moreira, Cristiane K. Amaral, Aline Marcadenti","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01804-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01804-4","url":null,"abstract":"Data on the interaction between dietary patterns, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and cardiometabolic markers remain limited in genetically admixed populations, particularly among individuals with established cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate how SNPs modulate the effects of dietary interventions on apolipoprotein concentrations (A-I, A-II, B, C-II, C-III, and E) in Brazilians undergoing secondary cardiovascular prevention. This sub-study used data from the three-year multicenter BALANCE Trial, which enrolled individuals aged ≥40 with established CVD. Participants were assigned to either an intervention group (following the Brazilian Cardioprotective Diet with intensive monitoring) or a control group receiving general dietary advice. Apolipoproteins were measured via multiplex immunoassay, and SNPs were genotyped using the Axiom 2.0 Assay. GWAS and adjusted linear regression models assessed associations and gene-diet interactions related to apolipoproteins. A total of 266 participants (118 in the intervention group and 148 in the control group) were analyzed. After three years, significant SNP-diet interactions affecting log-transformed apolipoprotein concentrations were identified at a genome-wide significance threshold of 10⁻⁵. For each apolipoprotein evaluated, the following polymorphisms were associated: Apo A-I (rs11542163_T, rs11759163_T, rs13396579_C), Apo A-II (rs11197283_T, rs13185245_G, rs7666435_C), Apo B (rs13205819_G, rs926561_C), Apo C-II (rs143862519_TTC, rs674845_A, rs931606_G), Apo C-III (rs2247572_T, rs4506508_C, rs931606_G), and Apo E (rs4862401_G, rs6835179_G). Per-allele differences ranged from –0.65 mg/dL (Apo C-II, rs143862519_TTC) to +0.52 mg/dL (Apo B, rs13205819_G). Our findings show that genetic variants influence apolipoprotein responses to diet in Brazilians under secondary CVD prevention, supporting genotype-guided nutrition. NCT01620398.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1043-1054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digestive enzyme replacement in very preterm infants: a prospective observational study","authors":"Sina Keidel, Sven Wellmann, Holger Michel, Christoph Bührer","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01792-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01792-5","url":null,"abstract":"Very preterm infants may display poor postnatal growth despite receiving recommended enteral intakes. This has been linked to transient exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, indicated by low fecal pancreatic elastase-1 (FPE-1) concentrations. We aimed to determine whether growth velocity may be improved by exogenous digestive enzyme replacement. In this bicentric prospective observational study, changes in growth velocity were assessed in very preterm infants (<32 weeks gestational age, <1500 g birth weight) with low FPE-1 concentrations (<200 µg/g). Infants received 350 U lipase from Rhizopus oryzae and 5.4 U protease from Aspergillus oryzae with every meal via gavage; the dosage was doubled once infants reached 1000 g. Average daily weight gain relative to body weight was compared during the 14 days preceding initiation of digestive enzyme replacement and during the first 14 days thereafter. In 71 infants (median [interquartile range] birth weight 700 [570–980] g, gestational age 25.4 [24.4–28.4] weeks) born between March 1, 2022, and December 31, 2023, daily weight gain increased from 14.7 [7.3–19.7] to 19.5 [15.7–24.0] g/kg/d (p < 0.001), relative daily weight gain per kg protein fed from 4.0 [2.0–5.9] to 5.4 [4.4–6.5] g/kg (p < 0.001), and relative daily weight gain per kcal fed from 0.11 [0.06–0.16] to 0.15 [0.13–0.19] g/kcal/d (p < 0.001). Effects were non-significant in infants fed raw milk but marked in those who received pasteurized mother’s own milk or donor milk. Administration of exogenous digestive enzymes was associated with increased weight gain in very preterm infants with transient exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1012-1017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01792-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Association between body composition phenotypes and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Tingting Wu, Hongying Li, Liao He, Xiaoli Yang, Junyi Yu, Chunmei Xu, Qian He","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01807-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01807-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"988-988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01807-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmental BIA-derived body composition in children and adolescents aged 5–18 years: age- and sex-specific reference values and limitations in obesity","authors":"Klara Böker, Mandy Vogel, Annelie Grundmann, Wieland Kiess","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01788-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01788-1","url":null,"abstract":"Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive method for estimating fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) via resistance (Rz) and reactance (Xc). Despite its potential, its usefulness and accuracy in children remain controversial. We obtained body composition measurements from 2954 visits involving 1547 participants (aged 5–21 years) using segmental BIA measurements and skinfold-based equations (Slaughter et al.). Four independent analyses were conducted: (1) agreement of Rz and Xc measurements between body segments was assessed; (2) sex- and age-specific reference curves for height-normalized resistance (Rz/H) and reactance (Xc/H) were developed; (3) associations between changes in BMI-SDS, Rz/H, and Xc/H (SDS) were examined; and (4) FM estimates derived from the proprietary algorithm, an alternative formula-based BIA algorithm, and skinfold-based equations were compared with age adjustment. Segmental Rz/H and Xc/H measurements showed “excellent” (>0.9) intraclass correlations for all segments. Concordance correlation coefficients indicated variable agreement between methods. Age- and sex-specific Rz/H and Xc/H percentile curves showed similar progressions across body segments. Rz/H (SDS) and Xc/H (SDS) showed a clear association with BMI-SDS, with lower values in participants with obesity. Estimated FFM and FM showed discrepancies between estimation methods depending on weight status rather than age. Rz/H and Xc/H showed consistent age-related patterns but were strongly influenced by BMI-SDS. While agreement between FM estimates was good in normal-weight children, substantial discrepancies were observed in those with obesity. These findings suggest that current BIA-based estimation approaches may be unreliable in children and adolescents with obesity.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1062-1069"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01788-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food selection, cardiorespiratory fitness and the longitudinal association with adiposity among South African school children: the ExAMIN Youth SA study","authors":"Herculina Salome Kruger, Cristian Ricci, Anita Elizabeth Pienaar, Makama Andries Monyeki, Tertia van Zyl, Hannah Ricci, Ruan Kruger","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01799-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01799-y","url":null,"abstract":"The global pandemic of paediatric obesity, unhealthy diets and physical inactivity are important future health challenges. The purpose of this study was to determine 4-year changes in food selection, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and the longitudinal association with the development of adiposity among South African primary school-age children. School children aged 5–9 years old in 2017 (n = 950) were followed up for four years. Parents indicated selection from healthy and unhealthy food groups in a validated questionnaire. Weight and height of the children were measured, and WHO BMI z-score (BAZ) was calculated. CRF was determined by the 20 m shuttle run test (20-m SRT). Changes in food selection frequency, CRF and BAZ were assessed. The association between frequency of food group selection, age, household income and CRF with 4-year change in BAZ was determined using mixed linear models. BAZ (p < 0.001) and age-adjusted performance in the 20-m SRT of boys (p = 0.04) increased at follow-up. The frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (p < 0.001) and milk intake (p < 0.02) decreased, while the intake from fast-foods increased (p = 0.001). Daily intakes of vegetables and milk were associated with decreases in BAZ. A trend of a positive association was found between frequency of SSB intake and BAZ. CRF showed a strong negative association with BAZ over time (p < 0.001). Higher daily vegetable and milk intakes, as well as higher levels of CRF were protective against increasing adiposity among school-age children. The promotion of healthy eating and measures to improve CRF among school children are important priorities.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1025-1032"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01799-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meal timing and eating window with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and life expectancy: population-based cohort study","authors":"Wen Hu, Mengyao Wang, Sibo Liu, Qi Wu, Hongkun Di, Tianzhu Qin, Shili Zhou, Yanjun Guo, Xiang Cheng, Chaolong Wang, Liegang Liu, Zhilei Shan","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01796-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01796-1","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of meal timing and eating window on mortality and life expectancy remains unclear. This cohort study included 31,044 adults aged 40 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2018. The meal timing and the eating window were estimated from a 24-h dietary recall. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 8.6 (4.5–13.0) years, 7129 deaths were documented. Compared with a first meal within 7:00–8:00, the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs of all-cause mortality were 1.10 (1.02–1.18), 1.19 (1.05–1.34), and 1.29 (1.10–1.51) for a first meal within 8:00–10:00, 10:00–12:00, and after 12:00, respectively. Compared with a last meal within 19:00–20:00, the HR of all-cause mortality was 1.13 (1.03–1.25) for a last meal before 19:00, and 1.27 (1.06–1.54) for eating after midnight. The associations were also observed for cardiovascular mortality. The association between eating window and cardiovascular mortality risk varied by first meal timing. At the age of 50 years, the estimated life expectancy was on average 2.46 (0.61–4.28) years shorter among participants having a first meal after 12:00 and 2.35 (0.82–5.14) years shorter among those having a last meal after midnight compared with reference groups. Later first meals and earlier or later last meals were associated with higher mortality risks and shorter life expectancy. These findings suggest that meal timing may be a modifiable behavioral factor associated with mortality risk and life expectancy.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1033-1042"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent fasting: Impact, mechanisms and cautions across medical and lifestyle domains","authors":"Kirti Amresh Gautam, Pavika Lal, Tabarak Malik, Saurabh Gupta, Maha Gasmi, Sushmita Saurav, Khushboo Tiwary, Anand Mohan, Richa Mishra, Sajad Ali, Anil Kumar","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01768-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01768-5","url":null,"abstract":"Intermittent fasting (IF) has emerged as a promising dietary approach with prospective advantages for clinical as well as non-clinical applications. Research indicates that IF enhances insulin sensitivity, facilitates weight reduction and stimulates cellular repair pathways, including autophagy. Physiological adaptations to fasting are reflected in favorable alterations in biomarkers and metabolic processes. This review examines the current evidence on IF by analyzing studies retrieved through schematic searches of the MEDLINE via PubMed database, Embase and ScienceDirect using specific keyword combinations. It focuses on commonly practiced regimens- Time-restricted eating (TRE) (16/8 method), Alternate-day fasting (ADF), the 5:2 intermittent energy-restriction diet and One meal a day (OMAD) approaches and explores their effects on cardiovascular function, metabolic regulation, cognitive performance and longevity. Various IF regimens including the TRE (16/8 method), ADF, the 5:2 diet and OMAD approaches are discussed in relation to their effects on cardiovascular health, cognitive function, metabolic regulation, aging and longevity. While most finding highlight significant health benefits, inconsistencies and methodological limitations are also reported. Mechanistically, IF orchestrates a coordinated metabolic response through modulation of key nutrient sensing pathway such as AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1). These cascades interact with Sirtuins (SIRT1/3), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and the transcription factor EB (TFEB) to regulate autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative stress defense and cellular repair. Clinically, these molecular events underpin improvements in glycaemic control, lipid metabolism and inflammatory balance, supporting the therapeutic potential of IF for cardiometabolic disorders, neuroprotection and healthy aging.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"998-1011"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01768-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A waist-to-height ratio of 0.50 marks declining physical performance in active adults","authors":"Adam W. Potter, Christy L. Christopoulos, Lynn Cialdella-Kam, Karl E. Friedl","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01798-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01798-z","url":null,"abstract":"For physically demanding job standards, simple anthropometric screening tools are useful. Using military personnel as a model, this study evaluated waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) for its relationship with health and performance indicators. Data were analyzed from 2153 active-duty U.S. Marines (1421 men; 732 women). Relationships were assessed between WHtR, a circumference-based “tape test” (TT), body mass index (BMI), and a criterion measure of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived percent body fat (%BF). Associations between WHtR and physical readiness were evaluated using composite scores from the Physical and Combat Fitness Tests (PFT, CFT), and individual performance metrics (pull-ups, crunches, 880-yard sprint time, 3-mile run time, ammo can overhead lifts). WHtR was strongly correlated with DXA %BF (r = 0.754, p < 0.001, men; r = 0.677, p < 0.001, women) and moderately negatively with PFT (r = −0.33, p < 0.001) and CFT (r = −0.30, p < 0.001) scores for men. A graded decline in physical fitness scores was observed with increasing WHtR, with a clear inflection in performance outcomes occurring between WHtR values of approximately 0.48–0.50. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to identify high %BF showed the TT (AUC: 0.889 men, 0.876 women) performed better than WHtR (AUC: 0.851 men, 0.848 women) and BMI. WHtR is a simple and effective screening tool to identify personnel at potential risk for poor performance outcomes. These findings support use of WHtR as a screening metric and a potential replacement for traditional height-weight screening tables, with a pragmatic threshold of 0.50 to identify individuals who may benefit from secondary assessment, such as from multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1096-1104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01798-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary of the evidence for perioperative nutritional management of TIPS in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension","authors":"Yao Liu, Xinyu Zhao, Fan Zhang, Yongqi Liang, Jianbo Zhao, Jingping He, Bin Wang, Huimin Zhai","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01802-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01802-6","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to search, evaluate, and summarize the existing evidence on perioperative nutritional management of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension (CPH) and provide the basis for evidence-based clinical practice. According to the “6S” model of evidence-based sources, the evidence on perioperative nutrition management of TIPS in patients with CPH from relevant databases and websites was systematically searched, including clinical decisions, guidelines, expert consensus, systematic review, and evidence summary. The search range is from the establishment of the databases to August 17, 2024. Two authors independently screened the literature following the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the literature was evaluated by a total of 4 authors using appropriate tools, including Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II), the evaluation tool of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based Health Care Center, and CASE (Critical Appraisal for Summaries of Evidence). Two authors were responsible for extracting and summarizing the evidence. The level of evidence was classified according to the JBI Evidence Pre-Classification and Evidence Recommendation Level System (2014 version). A total of 18 articles were included, including 3 clinical decisions, 6 guidelines, 6 expert consensuses, 2 evidence summaries, and 1 systematic review. 30 pieces of evidence covering 5 key themes were summarized: nutritional risk screening and status assessment, nutritional goals, nutritional support modalities and measures, nutritional management of complications, and follow-up and education. This study systematically retrieved and evaluated the existing evidence on perioperative nutritional management in patients with CPH undergoing TIPS. On the basis of the current level of evidence, this study proposed a preliminary framework for perioperative nutritional management and suggests that future high-quality prospective studies be conducted to further clarify the relevant recommendations. In clinical practice, healthcare professionals should exercise professional judgment, integrating clinical conditions with patient preferences, habits, and tolerability when applying the evidence.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"989-997"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148619046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary metabolomic profiling to identify the impact of the increased intake of whole grains, vegetables, and fruits in healthy adolescents","authors":"Mi-Ri Gwon, Jae Hwa Lee, Duk-Hee Lee, Yoo Kyoung Park, Soo-Jin Park, Ji-Won Lee, Hae Won Lee, Sook Jin Seong, Young-Ran Yoon","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01703-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01703-8","url":null,"abstract":"A plant-based diet is reportedly effective in preventing chronic and metabolic diseases, primarily because of the antioxidant properties of phytochemicals present in vegetables and fruits. However, systematic metabolomics studies investigating the changes in metabolic phenotypes resulting from plant-based diets in adolescents are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to examine alterations in urinary metabolomic profiles associated with a plant-based diet to explore its beneficial metabolic effects. Eighteen healthy Korean adolescents participated in an 8-week intervention, in which they modified their dietary patterns to primarily include whole grains, vegetables, and fruits. Urine samples were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and multivariate analysis was performed to identify statistically significant metabolite alterations following the plant-based dietary intervention. The plant-based diet significantly reduced body weight and body fat mass but increased plasma biological antioxidant potential. Metabolomic profiling revealed a clear distinction between samples collected before and after the 8-week intervention, with R2Y and Q2 values for the permuted models at 0.906 and 0.635, respectively. Key metabolite changes included increases in L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, glutathione, succinic acid, and tartaric acid as well as decreases in L-leucine, glycine, and indoleacetic acid. These changes suggest enhancements of antioxidant capacity, detoxification pathways, and mitochondrial function. This nutritional metabolomics study provides mechanistic insights into the metabolic changes associated with a plant-based diet. Its findings support the integration of plant-based meals into school settings to promote the metabolic health of adolescents and mitigate the risk of chronic disease progression.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1070-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01703-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148619003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}