Luigia Trabace, Maria Grazia Morgese, Paolo Tucci, Lisa Pia Agosti, Martina Santoro, Carmen Ritrovato, Rossella Gallotto, Maurizio Tolfa, Sara Nardella, Giuseppe Cristiano, Tonia Bocci, Matteo Bevilacqua
{"title":"The impact of GeNeurofil™ nutraceutical supplementation on psychometric assessment and biomarkers of neurodegeneration in cognitive impaired patients: a pilot study","authors":"Luigia Trabace, Maria Grazia Morgese, Paolo Tucci, Lisa Pia Agosti, Martina Santoro, Carmen Ritrovato, Rossella Gallotto, Maurizio Tolfa, Sara Nardella, Giuseppe Cristiano, Tonia Bocci, Matteo Bevilacqua","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01791-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01791-6","url":null,"abstract":"Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by a decline in cognitive functions while the ability to perform daily activities remains intact. This pathological condition is a recognized as risk factor for dementia-related disorders, and the current lack of therapies is the critical issue. Our preclinical studies indicated that a formulation (named GeNeurofil™) exhibited a synergistic neuroprotective effect in an animal model of amyloid beta toxicity. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of GeNeurofil™ in patients with mild cognitive impairment. A six-months, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial (retrospectively registered on ISRCTN registry-number ISRCTN11405046-01/07/2026) was performed enrolling 54 patients with mild to moderate MCI (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale ranging from 0.5 to 2). Patients, concurrently maintained under their usual medications, received either the GeNeurofil™ (0.7 mL × 3/day) or an identical placebo (0.7 mL × 3/day) for six months. The psychometric assessments were performed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) tests and depressive symptoms were evaluated with the Zung Test. Plasma samples were analyzed for NfL and p-TAU. After six months of treatment, GeNeurofil™ supplementation improved CDR, MMSE, and Zung scores. Furthermore, the treatment reduced plasmatic levels of light neurofilaments (NfL) and phosphorylated Tau protein (p-TAU) compared to placebo. Our findings indicate that six months of supplementation with GeNeurofilTM might represent a helpful adjuvant strategy for cognitive impairment. GeNeurofil™ nutraceutical supplementation demonstrates a favorable safety profile, however given the exploratory nature of this pilot feasibility trial, these preliminary findings will further followed by confirming definitive clinical efficacy in larger clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"943-948"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01791-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148600637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esther Lopez-Garcia, Irene Bretón-Lesmes, Araceli Díaz-Perales, M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas, María P. Portillo, Ana Rivas, Ujué Fresán, Lydia Parro-Magán, Cristina Recuero-Carretero, María Ángeles Carlos-Chillerón
{"title":"Sustainable dietary recommendations for the Spanish population","authors":"Esther Lopez-Garcia, Irene Bretón-Lesmes, Araceli Díaz-Perales, M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas, María P. Portillo, Ana Rivas, Ujué Fresán, Lydia Parro-Magán, Cristina Recuero-Carretero, María Ángeles Carlos-Chillerón","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01795-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01795-2","url":null,"abstract":"The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development highlights the urgent need for a profound transformation in food production and consumption to enhance both sustainability and human health. The aim of this study is to provide both the general population and food system stakeholders with the most comprehensive and current information available on healthy and sustainable dietary patterns, in the form of culturally adapted food-based guidelines. We performed a systematic review of the scientific evidence published since 2019 on the association between main food groups consumption and the risk of developing chronic diseases and premature mortality to update the information provided by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020–2025, which summarized previous evidence. With this information, we updated the servings recommended in the former dietary guidelines for Spain. Then, we considered the recommendations of the EAT-Lancet Commission for healthy diets within planetary boundaries, specific dietary habits and food production in Spain, and adjusted the servings per each group to consider these characteristics. A minimum intake of 5 servings of vegetables and fruits per day is recommended, which may be distributed in at least 3 servings of vegetables per day, and 2–3 servings of fruits per day. Cereal consumption is set at 3–6 servings per day, adjusted to individual energy needs and prioritizing whole grains, no more than 4 servings per day are advised in cases of caloric restriction. Plant-based foods are recommended as the primary protein source, with legumes incorporated into at least one main daily meal and consumed at a frequency of at least 4 servings per week, ideally up to daily. Nut consumption should reach at least 3 servings per week, up to one serving per day, choosing those without added salt, fats or sugar. The remaining protein portions may include fish (≥3 servings/week, prioritizing oily fish and low-impact species), eggs (up to 4/week), dairy (up to 3/day, with low-sugar and low-salt options), and meat (up to 3/week, emphasizing poultry and rabbit, and minimizing processed meats). Daily consumption of olive oil at main meals is recommended. The proposed Sustainable Dietary Recommendations can help improve the health and well-being of the Spanish population, while reducing the environmental impact.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"886-894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01795-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148600702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra King, Jonathan Nixon, Angeliki Kapellou, Jonathan Craven, Catherine A-M Graham, Leta Pilic, Yiannis Mavrommatis
{"title":"Interaction of melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) genotype and type of breakfast (protein-enriched v carbohydrate-rich) on postprandial glucose response: a randomised crossover trial","authors":"Alexandra King, Jonathan Nixon, Angeliki Kapellou, Jonathan Craven, Catherine A-M Graham, Leta Pilic, Yiannis Mavrommatis","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01794-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01794-3","url":null,"abstract":"The risk allele (G) of MTNR1B rs10830963 has been associated with impaired glucose tolerance, increased fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Late evening eating, when endogenous melatonin levels are elevated, is associated with impaired glucose control in MTNR1B risk carriers. Endogenous melatonin levels remain elevated into the morning so may influence glucose response to breakfast. To investigate the interaction of MTNR1B genotype and type of breakfast on postprandial glucose response in a real-world setting. Following an overnight fast, participants consumed either a standard carbohydrate-rich or protein-enriched porridge breakfast. Post-prandial glucose levels were recorded for two hours using a continuous glucose monitor (CGM). One week later, participants repeated the protocol consuming the alternate breakfast. A two-way mixed ANOVA determined the effect of breakfast and genotype on post-prandial glucose levels. Fifty-four adults completed the study. Fasting glucose was significantly higher (p = 0.008) in GG (5.53 ± 0.43 mmol/L) compared to CC or CG participants (5.02 ± 0.42 and 5.19 ± 0.52 mmol/L). Post-prandial iAUC was significantly greater following the carbohydrate-rich breakfast compared to the protein-enriched breakfast (p < 0.001). Following the carbohydrate-rich breakfast iAUC was significantly greater in GG participants compared to CC (p = 0.026) and CG participants (p = 0.029). There was no significant difference between genotype groups following the protein-enriched breakfast (p > 0.05). The study findings demonstrate, in a relatively young and healthy population, MTNR1B genotype significantly affects markers associated with T2D risk. Personalised genotype-based advice to adjust timing and composition of meals consumed when endogenous melatonin levels are increased may reduce subsequent T2D risk.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"936-942"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01794-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148600695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ricardo Rosero-Revelo, Mateo Tamayo, Daniel M. Rotroff, Kevin M. Pantalone, Bartolomé Burguera, Marcio L. Griebeler
{"title":"Rethinking Biva in obesity: systematic vector displacement across the adiposity spectrum","authors":"Ricardo Rosero-Revelo, Mateo Tamayo, Daniel M. Rotroff, Kevin M. Pantalone, Bartolomé Burguera, Marcio L. Griebeler","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01787-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01787-2","url":null,"abstract":"To characterize Bioelectrical Vector Analysis (BIVA) vector patterns in adults with excess adiposity defined by fat mass index (FMI) and to examine the implications of obesity-related vector displacement for the clinical interpretation of BIVA. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of adults attending a tertiary obesity clinic. Excess adiposity was defined using sex-specific FMI thresholds based on NHANES criteria. Resistance and reactance were normalized for height (R/H, Xc/H), and BIVA patterns were described overall and stratified by sex and ethnicity. Sex- and ethnicity-specific tolerance ellipses (50th, 75th, 95th percentiles) were derived from bivariate normal models and visually compared with Piccoli/NHANES reference ellipses for elevated adiposity. Correlation structure and ellipse geometry were evaluated within each sex–ethnicity stratum. In 3072 adults with FMI-defined excess adiposity (723 men, 2349 women), impedance vectors showed a predominantly downward displacement characterized by lower Xc/H and lower phase angle, with variable R/H behavior across sex and ethnicity strata. This directional pattern was observed across the spectrum of FMI severity and remained stable across sex and major ethnic groups. Sex and ethnicity modulated mean vector position and ellipse dispersion but did not alter the overarching adiposity-related displacement. The correlation between R/H and Xc/H (r ≈ 0.63–0.75) was preserved in all strata, indicating intact underlying biophysical relationships. In adults with obesity, displacement of BIVA relative to classical reference ellipses primarily reflects the electrophysiological signature of excess adiposity rather than overt fluid overload or intrinsic cellular failure. These findings support the development of obesity-adjusted BIVA reference frameworks, further refined by sex and ethnicity, to improve the specificity and physiological interpretability of raw impedance measurements in obesity care.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"958-964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01787-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148600660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association between body composition phenotypes and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Tingting Wu, Hongying Li, Liao He, Xiaoli Yang, Junyi Yu, Chunmei Xu, Qian He","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01793-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01793-4","url":null,"abstract":"The prognostic value of body composition phenotypes in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains underexplored. We retrospectively analyzed 178 CAD inpatients who underwent bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody 770). K-means clustering using skeletal muscle index (SMI) and body fat percentage (PBF) as primary discriminators identified three phenotypes: Sarcopenic (lowest SMI, ~5.3 kg/m²), Robust (highest SMI, ~7.6 kg/m²), and Sarcopenic-Obesity (low SMI ~ 5.8 kg/m² and high PBF ~ 36.9%). Multivariate logistic regression assessed their associations with cardiovascular outcomes. The Sarcopenic-Obesity phenotype showed the highest prevalence of arrhythmias (39.6%) and heart failure (62.5%) and was independently associated with arrhythmias (OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.17–5.87) and heart failure (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.18–5.21). Phase angle inversely correlated with ECW/TBW (r = –0.83, p < 0.001) and discriminated heart failure (AUC = 0.72). Body composition phenotyping, especially sarcopenic obesity, identifies high-risk CAD inpatients beyond traditional factors.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"982-985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brenda Pacheco-Hernández, Karina Margarita Pérez-Noh, Delia Sansores-España, Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera, Isabel Medina-Vera, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Irma Isela Aranda-González, Rodolfo Chim-Aké, Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solis, Roberto Lugo, Azalia Avila-Nava
{"title":"Dietary determinants of acid load in a population with urolithiasis from Yucatán, Mexico","authors":"Brenda Pacheco-Hernández, Karina Margarita Pérez-Noh, Delia Sansores-España, Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera, Isabel Medina-Vera, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Irma Isela Aranda-González, Rodolfo Chim-Aké, Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solis, Roberto Lugo, Azalia Avila-Nava","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01790-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01790-7","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary acid load (DAL) is a factor that predisposes individuals to the development of urolithiasis (UL). A cross-sectional study was conducted including individuals with UL (n = 53). We estimated DAL using the net endogenous acid production (NEAP) (90.6 [68.8–110] mEq/d), potential renal acid load (PRAL) (13 [0.07–20] mEq/d), and net renal acid excretion (NAE) (45 [30–55.3] mEq/d) indices in individuals with UL. Compared with females, male participants had higher NEAP, PRAL and NAE (p < 0.05). NEAP was associated with potassium, magnesium and lipid intake, body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), fat mass, muscle mass, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). NAE was correlated with total energy, protein, lipid, phosphorus and fluid intake, BW, WC, HC, BMI, waist-to-height ratio, fat mass, muscle mass, SBP and DBP, and PRAL with total energy, protein, lipid, calcium, and phosphorus intake, as well as BW, WC, HC, muscle mass, and SBP.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 10","pages":"1109-1112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Verônica Rached, Elaine Pereira de Rezende, Maria Eduarda Leão Diogenes, Marcia Fernanda Taveira, Carmen Marino Donangelo, Flávia Fioruci Bezerra
{"title":"Adolescent mothers’ body composition and metabolic hormones (adiponectin, ghrelin, and leptin) in blood and human milk: associations with infant body composition","authors":"Verônica Rached, Elaine Pereira de Rezende, Maria Eduarda Leão Diogenes, Marcia Fernanda Taveira, Carmen Marino Donangelo, Flávia Fioruci Bezerra","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01784-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01784-5","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate whether maternal body composition is related to blood and human milk metabolic hormones (adiponectin, ghrelin, and leptin) and whether these hormones are associated with infant body composition and anthropometric indicators. Fifty-five adolescent mother–infant pairs were evaluated at postpartum. Maternal and infant body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin were measured in maternal circulation and human milk. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for days postpartum assessed associations between (1) maternal characteristics and hormones in maternal blood and milk and (2) milk hormones and infant measures (also adjusted for birth weight). Serum and human milk leptin were directly associated (r = 0.472; p = 0.014), whereas serum and human milk ghrelin were inversely correlated (r = −0.320; p = 0.017). Greater maternal fat mass, particularly in the arms and android region, was associated with higher leptin concentrations in serum (β = 5.95; 95% CI: 1.65–10.3 and β = 5.90; 95% CI: 0.871–10.9, respectively) and milk (β = 0.294; 95% CI: 0.132-0.455 and β = 0.280; 95% CI: 0.118–0.443, respectively). Higher milk leptin was associated with lower infant length (β = -1.21; 95% CI: −2.24, −0.183). Milk ghrelin was weakly and inversely associated with several infant anthropometric measures, whereas no significant associations were found for milk adiponectin. The results suggest that maternal leptin in serum and milk, but not ghrelin or adiponectin, is associated with maternal adiposity. Leptin and ghrelin in human milk may be involved in infant growth and body composition, whereas adiponectin does not appear to play a major role.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"904-911"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01784-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acute appetite and gut-hormone responses to two combined training sessions: a randomized crossover study in men with obesity","authors":"Nan Li, Min Wu, Yanchun Li, Xiangang Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01785-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01785-4","url":null,"abstract":"This randomized crossover study compared acute appetite-related, gut-hormone, and energy-intake responses between moderate-intensity resistance plus aerobic training (RAT) and high-intensity functional plus aerobic training (FAT) in males with obesity. Twenty-one men with obesity completed both protocols in a randomized crossover design. Subjective appetite was assessed using a visual analogue scale, and insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1, and peptide YY (PYY) were measured pre-, post-, and 1 h post-exercise. Energy intake was recorded during subsequent meals and over 2 days. PYY responses differed between conditions over time, with a significant condition × time interaction (P = 0.015). At 1 h post-exercise, PYY concentrations were higher after RAT than after FAT (ratio = 1.69, 95% CI 1.26–2.27; adjusted P < 0.001). PYY AUC was higher in RAT than in FAT (ratio [RAT/FAT] = 1.44; P = 0.016). Fullness AUC was lower after RAT than after FAT, whereas prospective food consumption AUC was higher after RAT than after FAT (Δ [RAT − FAT] = −670.0 and 701.4 mm·120 min; P = 0.014 and P = 0.016, respectively). No between-condition differences were observed in energy intake on the trial day or the following day. Varying the resistance component within combined exercise may elicit distinct acute hormonal and perceptual appetite responses in young men with obesity, without altering short-term energy intake. These findings should be interpreted as comparative responses between RAT and FAT rather than exercise-induced effects per se.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"965-973"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01785-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148444980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María F. Mujica-Coopman, Ángela Martínez, María Luisa Garmendia
{"title":"Association of iron status with gestational diabetes and preeclampsia in an obesogenic context: Results from a cohort of pregnant Chilean women","authors":"María F. Mujica-Coopman, Ángela Martínez, María Luisa Garmendia","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01783-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01783-6","url":null,"abstract":"Elevated maternal iron biomarkers may promote oxidative stress and inflammation, contributing to metabolic alterations that, alongside obesity, increase the risk of gestational diabetes (GDM), preeclampsia, and macrosomia. This study assessed associations of maternal hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), serum ferritin (SF), and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) with these outcomes, in a population with low anemia and high maternal obesity prevalence. This prospective cohort included 1730 pregnant women from the CHiMINCs-II study in Santiago, Chile, with Hb or Hct measured in the first or second trimester. SF and sTfR were assessed in a random subsample of 350 second-trimester samples. Multivariate logistic regression models evaluated associations between iron biomarkers and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Elevated Hb ( > 13 g/dL) occurred in 50% of women in the first trimester and 12% in the second. Anemia prevalence was <10% in the first and second, and 38% had depleted iron stores (SF concentration <15 µg/L). GDM, preeclampsia, and macrosomia prevalence were 17%, 3.3%, and 7.1%, respectively. Higher second-trimester Hb (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.00–1.52) and Hct (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.17) were associated with increased odds of GDM. First-trimester anemia was associated with higher odds of preeclampsia (OR 5.67, 95% CI 1.20–27.0). SF and sTfR were not significantly associated with GDM or preeclampsia. Despite a high prevalence of depleted iron stores, elevated Hb was also highly prevalent, and associated to adverse maternal outcomes. Optimizing maternal iron status during pregnancy requires addressing both deficiency and potential excess.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 9","pages":"912-918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retraction Note: Meta-analysis of the association between the dietary inflammatory index and risk of chronic kidney disease","authors":"Qiujin Chen, Liang Ou","doi":"10.1038/s41430-026-01782-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-026-01782-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":"80 8","pages":"866-866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-026-01782-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148395903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}