European Journal of Clinical Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"The effects of China-recommended gestational weight gain guidelines and the Institute of Medicine guidelines on adverse birth outcomes: A population- based cohort study.","authors":"Lieping Huang, Ye Huang, Peihan Chi, Yan Zhuang, Xialidan Alifu, Haoyue Cheng, Haibo Zhou, Yiwen Qiu, Libi Zhang, Diliyaer Ainiwan, Zhicheng Peng, Shuting Si, Hui Liu, Danqing Chen, Yunxian Yu","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01576-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01576-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess and compare the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines and the recently published China guidelines regarding their applicability for gestational weight gain (GWG) management among Chinese pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were extracted from the Electronic Medical Record System of Zhoushan, China. Adverse outcomes include small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), low birth weight and macrosomia. GWG were estimated by the China and IOM GWG guidelines, respectively. Multiple logistical regression models were used to analyze the associations of GWG with outcomes. The modified guidelines were developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 9975 pregnant women without comorbidities (i.e., gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-induced hypertension), comparing women with normal GWG in both guideline, those with insufficient GWG in the IOM guidelines but normal GWG in the China guidelines were more likely to delivery infants with SGA (aOR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.79); while those with normal GWG in the IOM guidelines but excessive GWG in the China guidelines had an increased risk of LGA (aOR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.98) and macrosomia (aOR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.60). Similar results weren't observed among 4438 pregnant women with comorbidities. The modified guidelines were developed by combining the weekly GWG targets from the IOM (bottom values) and the China guidelines (upper values). The modified guidelines with Chinese BMI cut-off points exhibited the highest sensitivity for all adverse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The China guidelines would better recognize pregnant women at risk of LGA and macrosomia but overlook a subgroup of women at risk of SGA, as recognized by the IOM guidelines. These disparities emphasized neither guidelines may be entirely suitable for GWG management in China. The modified guideline would be more appropriate for Chinese pregnant women, but further validation through research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of different diets applied to breastfeeding mothers on the composition and quantity of human milk.","authors":"Canel Öner Sayar, Sabiha Zeynep Aydenk Köseoğlu","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01588-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01588-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between maternal nutrition and the quantity and composition of breast milk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All mothers were administered sequentially, with each lasting one week, a healthy nutrition diet, a carbohydrate-rich diet, and a protein-rich diet.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the healthy nutrition diet, a statistically significant increase was observed in the levels of glutamic acid, serine, glycine, histidine, tyrosine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine in milk following the carbohydrate-rich diet (p < 0.05). In contrast to the healthy nutrition diet, the lactose content of milk decreased after the carbohydrate-rich diet and increased after the protein-rich diet (p < 0.05). Following both carbohydrate-rich and protein-rich diets, a reduction in riboflavin content in milk was observed compared to the healthy nutrition diet (p < 0.05). After the protein-rich diet, an increase in milk quantity was observed compared with the carbohydrate-rich diet (G1, p = 0.006; G2, p = 0.001). A negative correlation was found between the mothers' body weight in the third week and the amount of amino acids in their milk (r = -0.270, p = 0.037).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study indicated that the nutrient composition and quantity of human milk are influenced by maternal nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated nutrient profiling system underlying nutri-score (Uns-Nps) and colorectal cancer risk.","authors":"Carlotta Franchi, Ilaria Ardoino, Francesca Orsini, Eva Negri, Luigino Dal Maso, Silvia Rossi, Anna Crispo, Livia Augustin, Attilio Giacosa, Silvia Mignozzi, Francesca Bravi, Federica Turati, Carlo La Vecchia","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01590-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01590-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, poor diet is responsible for about 8 million deaths for non-communicable diseases, including cancers, in 2019. One strategy to promote healthier choices by informing consumers about food nutritional properties is the Front-Of-Pack Nutrition Labels, like Nutri-Score. Our study investigated the association between the updated Nutrient Profiling System (uNS-NPS), underlying Nutri-Score, and Colorectal Cancer (CRC) risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from two hospital-based case-control studies were used. Cases were CRC patients, while controls were individuals admitted for acute non-neoplastic conditions. Dietary habits were assessed via a validated food frequency questionnaire. The uNS-NPS dietary index (uNS-NPS-DI) was derived as the weighted average of the uNS-NPS scores of every food/beverage, for the energy intake provided by that food/beverage. Logistic regression models were employed to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between uNS-NPS-DI (as continuous and as categorical variable, based on quartiles of its distribution among controls) and CRC risk, adjusting for known risk factors.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A total of 2419 cases and 4723 controls were analysed. uNS-NPS-DI distribution (median 6.14, IQR: 5.17-7.15) was similar between cases and controls. Individuals in the highest quartile of uNS-NPS-DI (i.e. with the lowest nutritional quality of their diet) compared to those in the lowest showed a higher CRC risk (OR 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A diet with low nutritional quality as measured by the uNS-NPS was modestly associated with increased CRC risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food and nutrition insecurity and clinical and anthropometric indicators in individuals with cancer eligible for radiotherapy.","authors":"Panera Charnioski de Andrade, Aniely Fernanda de Oliveira Hinokuma, Doroteia Aparecida Höfelmann","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01593-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01593-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to analyze the association between food and nutrition insecurity (FNI) and sociodemographic, clinical, and anthropometric indicators in individuals with cancer eligible for curative radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Study with the collection of sociodemographic and clinical data, and nutritional, anthropometric, and FNI assessment. Estimated Prevalence Ratio (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of FNI and exposure variables using the Poisson regression model with robust variance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>252 individuals were evaluated, 51.2% female, 60.7% elderly, 40.1% with breast or uterine cancer, 27.8% with urological cancer, 18.2% with head and neck cancer, and 7.5% with difficulty acquiring an enteral diet or nutritional supplement. The prevalence of FNI was 17.9%, 6.4% being moderate and 3.6% severe. FNI was less frequent in the high-income tertile (PR = 0,38; 95% CI: 0,18-0,79), and in individuals with urological tumors (PR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04-0.37), while higher prevalences were identified in non-white individuals (PR = 1,82; 95% CI: 1.01-3.28) among those with stage IV tumor (PR = 1.42; 95% CI: 1.03-1.95), with severe weight loss (PR = 2.99; 95% CI: 1.75-4.82), severely malnourished (PR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.34-4.95) and bedridden (PR = 5.54; 95% CI: 2.72-11.29). Additionally, a higher prevalence of FNI associated with a reduction in usual food consumption (PR = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.24-3.54), the need to modify the consistency of the diet (PR = 3.45; 95% CI: 2.11-5.67), use of caloric supplements (PR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.17-3.69) or enteral feeding (PR = 3.46; 95% CI: 2.01-5.94).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>One in five individuals with cancer presented FNI associated with socioeconomic and nutritional vulnerability in the radiotherapy pre-treatment phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of low vitamin D status in the Czech Republic: a retrospective study of 119,925 participants.","authors":"Drahomira Holmannova, Pavel Borsky, Jan Kremlacek, Jan Krejsek, Lenka Hodacova, Anabela Cizkova, Zdenek Fiala, Lenka Borska","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01587-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01587-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Given the high worldwide prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its role in numerous diseases affecting mortality and morbidity, this study seeks to determine the prevalence of low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in the Czech Republic, where population-level data are currently lacking.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This retrospective study utilized a large dataset to analyze 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels over an extended period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 119,925 individuals aged 0-100 years categorizing them as sufficient (75-250 nmol/L), insufficient (50-75 nmol/L), or deficient (<50 nmol/L). We also examined levels of CRP, homocysteine, and their correlations with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels across age groups. Age, sex, sampling month, sunlight exposure (monthly and annual), and influenza virus positivity were assessed for their relationship with the 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found a high prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D inadequacy, with sufficient levels observed in 65.6% of infants (0-12 months). The lowest prevalence of sufficiency was in the 6-15 years (19.2%) and 16-30 years (22.1%) groups. The highest deficiency prevalence was in the 91-100 years group (51.8%). 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in all age groups and both sexes correlated with all selected parameters. Lower sun exposure, higher flu virus positivity, male gender, and elevated homocysteine and CRP levels were negatively correlated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D inadequacy in the Czech Republic is high. It is advisable to consider testing, monitoring, and providing medical recommendations for vitamin D supplementation as part of health prevention strategies in the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between nighttime snacking during pregnancy and postpartum depression among community-dwelling pregnant women: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Tohru Kobayashi, Reiji Kojima, Emiko Okada","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01592-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01592-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The effect of the frequency of nighttime snacking during pregnancy on postpartum depression (PPD) remains unclear. This prospective cohort study aimed to explore the association between the frequency of nighttime snacking during pregnancy and the incidence of PPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 609 community-dwelling pregnant women who were recruited between July 2019 and July 2022. Data on the frequency of nighttime snacking and sociodemographic, economic, and lifestyle factors were obtained using self-administered questionnaires. Data on dietary intake were obtained using a validated brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. PPD was assessed using the Japanese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The incidence of PPD (EPDS score of ≥9) based on the frequency of nighttime snacking was analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the odds ratio (OR) of PPD in participants who had a frequency of nighttime snacking 3 times/week or more compared with those who had a frequency of nighttime snacking less than 1 time/week was 2.59 (95% confidence interval, 1.14-5.86). Sensitivity analysis was repeated for the excluded participants with depressive symptoms during pregnancy, yielding similar results. The OR of PPD in those who indulged in nighttime snacking ≥3 times/week was the highest (2.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-6.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study clarified the association between the frequency of nighttime snacking and PPD. Further studies with large and diverse samples are needed to overcome any potential selection bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of appetite stimulants on growth parameters in children with cystic fibrosis.","authors":"Birce Sunman, Nagehan Emiralioglu, Hayriye Hizarcioglu-Gulsen, Didem Alboga, Raziye Atan, Burcu Capraz Yavuz, Ersin Gumus, Hulya Demir, Inci Nur Saltik-Temizel, Hasan Ozen, Ebru Yalcin, Deniz Dogru, Uğur Özçelik","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01591-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01591-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Malnutrition is prevalent among children with cystic fibrosis (CF), often resulting from frequent pulmonary exacerbations and intestinal malabsorption. In addition to providing sufficient calorie intake through enteral formulas, appetite stimulants may help address nutritional deficiencies and improve overall prognosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included children who received cyproheptadine (CH) as an appetite stimulant for at least three consecutive months. Data on CH-related adverse effects, z-scores for weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁%) were collected from medical records. Z-scores of growth parameters were calculated at baseline (CH initiation), three months before baseline, and three and six months after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 45 children with a mean age of 11 years. One patient was on modulator therapy, one was pancreatic sufficient, and another one had diabetes. Only one patient was using enteral supplementation simultaneously with CH. Significant improvements in weight and BMI z-scores were observed from baseline to three months of CH therapy (p = 0.004 and p = 0.006, respectively), with no significant changes noted in the three months before treatment. A modest increase in weight and BMI z-scores was seen from three to six months of therapy. Additionally, FEV₁ z-scores significantly increased from baseline to three months of therapy, with no further improvement observed in the subsequent three months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Six months of CH therapy was associated with significant improvements in weight and BMI z-scores, particularly within the first three months. No adverse effects were reported. Given the deceleration in the rate of increase in anthropometric z-scores from the third to sixth month, a three-month duration of CH therapy appears to be optimal and sufficient for children with CF.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderate-to-vigorous and light-intensity aerobic exercise yield similar effects on food reward, appetitive responses, and energy intake in physically inactive adults.","authors":"Shu-Shih Hsieh, Angelos Bala, Kapris Layzell, Qanita Fatima, Clarciya Pushparajah, Rebecca K Maguire, Yung-Chih Chen, Graham Finlayson, Judith E Allgrove","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01574-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-025-01574-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the effect of acute aerobic exercise at moderate-to-vigorous and light intensity on food reward, appetite sensation, and energy intake (EI) in physically inactive adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty inactive, healthy adults (mean age: 21 ± 3 years) completed two trials (i.e. moderate-to-vigorous and light-intensity exercise) in a randomised, crossover design. Participants performed a 40-min cycling bout at either 50% or 20% peak power output in a counterbalanced order. Before and after exercise bouts, liking and wanting for fat and sweet/savoury categories of food were assessed by the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire, along with subjective ratings of appetite and state food cravings. EI was evaluated by ad libitum meals following exercise bouts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed increased implicit wanting for high-fat relative to low-fat foods (p = .04, d_rm = 0.50) and savoury relative to sweet foods following exercise bouts (p = .04, d_rm = -0.49) without intensity-specific effects. Exercise bouts also led to increased subjective appetite (p < 0.001, η²_p = 0.60) and state food cravings (p = 0.001, η²_p = 0.44) without intensity-specific differences. There was no difference between exercise intensities on absolute EI, whereas relative EI was lower after moderate-to-vigorous exercise relative to light exercise (p < 0.001, d_rm = -1.56).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute aerobic exercise, regardless of intensity, may lead to increased wanting for high-fat relative to low-fat and savoury relative to sweet-tasting foods, as well as enhanced appetite sensation and food cravings in physically inactive adults. Moderate-to-vigorous exercise does not induce additional energy intake relative to light exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of high protein intakes during energy restriction on body composition, energy metabolism and physical performance in recreational athletes.","authors":"Mikael F Kanaan, Samir Nait-Yahia, Éric Doucet","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01585-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01585-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Athletes employ weight loss practices to lower body fat and maintain fat-free mass (FFM). High protein diets have been shown to produce greater fat loss and retention of lean mass during periods of energy restriction (ER) in sedentary individuals with obesity, but less is known about the effects of high protein diets in trained individuals during ER. Although current recommendations for protein intake in active individuals are 1.2-1.7 g/kg, it is unclear whether higher intakes are necessary to maximize FFM retention and maximize physical performance in athletes undergoing periods of ER.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Determine whether high protein intakes could maximize FFM retention and physical performance in trained individuals after a period of ER.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one college aged athletes underwent a 6-week 25% ER + 3-day full body resistance training. Participants were randomly assigned to a low (~1.2 g/kg), moderate (~1.6 g/kg) or high (~2.2 g/kg) protein intake. Baseline and post-intervention outcomes: Dual X-ray absorptiometry, isotopic water dilution, indirect calorimetry, dietary records and strength based physical testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant reductions in body mass (p = 0.047) and fat mass (p = 0.04) with simultaneous increases in FFM (p = 0.037) were noted for all groups, with no protein intake effect. Significant increases in physical performance outcomes (5RM strength) were noted for most measures (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current protein intake recommendations of 1.2-1.7 g/kg appear sufficient for most athletes even during periods of ER to maintain FFM and physical performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relation between body mass index and target organ damage and the mediating role of blood pressure.","authors":"Ionas Papassotiriou, Sotiria Spiliopoulou, Damianos Dragonas, Nefeli Tsoutsoura, Eleni Korompoki, Efstathios Manios","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01573-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01573-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>The relationship between obesity and blood pressure (BP) is well known, but limited data exists regarding its relationship with target organ damage (TOD). Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and TOD and the mediating role of BP.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>2555 adults (52.0% women) who visited a local Hypertension Unit with valid measures on weight, height, 24 h ambulatory BP monitoring, office BP measurements, echocardiography, carotid ultrasonography and blood creatinine levels, included in this cross-sectional study. BMI was used to categorize participants as having normal weight (< 25 kg/m²), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m²) or obesity (≥ 30 kg/m²). The intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common (CCA) and the internal (ICA) carotid artery, left ventricular mass (LVM), LVM index (LVMI) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were estimated and used as TOD indices. Linear regression models were used to examine the relationship between obesity and BP measurements or TOD, while structural equation modeling (SEM) for mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Obesity was significantly related to 24-hour systolic BP (b = 3.72, 95%CI: 2.24-5.21, p < 0.001), CCA-IMT (b = 0.04, 95%CI: 0.02-0.05, p < 0.001), ICA-IMT (b = 0.03, 95%CI: 0.01-0.05, p = 0.020), and LVMI (b = 7.54, 95CI%: 4.25-10.83, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis revealed that 24-hour systolic BP mediated by 27.9% the relationship between BMI and CCA-IMT, by 31.3% the relationship between BMI and ICA-IMT, and by 18.1% the relationship between BMI and LVMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that obesity is associated with indices of asymptomatic cardiac remodeling and vascular atherosclerosis, and systolic BP mediates these relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}