European Journal of Clinical Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Evidence to action: a perspective on treatment approaches for food addiction.","authors":"Janelle A Skinner, Mark Leary, Megan Whatnall, Tracy L Burrows","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01668-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01668-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The field of food addiction research is rapidly progressing, with the emergence of a range of treatment studies. These have taken a variety of formats and approaches, given the clustering of food addiction with other health conditions, namely increased weight and mental disorders (e.g. depression, anxiety, PTSD, binge eating disorder). The food addiction treatment field comprises numerous systematic reviews synthesizing research from self-help groups, psychosocial interventions, lifestyle management, pharmacology, supplements, bariatric surgery, disordered eating, substance use and harm minimization approaches. Arising treatment approaches should consider the existing evidence base, and lessons learned in order to advance the field. High quality publications, studies statistically powered for change, using evidence-based strategies and behaviour change theories, and the involvement of individuals with lived experience to develop and refine interventions are needed to propel the field forward. Using reporting checklists to describe complex interventions [e.g. TIDieR framework (Template for Intervention Description and Replication)] will also be beneficial to inform future research studies, allowing replication and modification as required, and implementation into clinical practice. This perspective discusses existing knowledge in the area of treatment approaches for food addiction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145285994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent vs. continuous: a comparative narrative review of enteral and parenteral nutrition support strategies in the perioperative setting.","authors":"Zijun Zhou, Jianping Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01669-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01669-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enteral and parenteral nutrition are two primary methods of nutritional support in clinical settings. Their administration modes-continuous or intermittent-have garnered increasing attention in recent research. Continuous enteral and parenteral nutrition provide steady metabolic support over extended periods, particularly beneficial for critically ill patients or those with high nutritional demands. Conversely, intermittent feeding, delivered at scheduled intervals, simulates natural eating patterns and may offer advantages in gastrointestinal function and metabolic regulation. Recent studies indicate notable differences between continuous and intermittent feeding in perioperative patients, especially regarding metabolic control, gastrointestinal tolerance, immune function, and postoperative complications. Continuous feeding simplifies clinical management through stable nutrient delivery but may increase the risks of metabolic overload, liver dysfunction, and gastrointestinal intolerance. In contrast, intermittent feeding promotes recovery of gastrointestinal function and potentially reduces the risk of infections and other postoperative complications. This review aims to assess the clinical outcomes of continuous versus intermittent enteral and parenteral nutrition in perioperative patients, with a primary focus on gastrointestinal surgery populations (where gut-specific mechanisms are most critical). By evaluating these feeding strategies in terms of postoperative complications, recovery, metabolic regulation, and quality of life, we seek to provide evidence-based recommendations for optimizing perioperative nutritional care and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145206020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of a high-protein and low-glycemic-index diet during pregnancy with offspring growth and obesity until the age of 18 years - a target trial emulation.","authors":"Christina Sonne Mogensen, Christian Mølgaard, Faidon Magkos, Nina Rica Wium Geiker, Anne Ahrendt Bjerregaard, Charlotta Granström, Thorhallur Ingi Halldorsson, Sjurdur Frodi Olsen","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01666-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01666-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with offspring obesity. Moreover, maternal dietary patterns, particularly protein intake and glycemic index, influence GWG and fetal development. This study aimed to investigate the association of a high-protein, low-glycemic-index (HPLGI) diet during pregnancy with offspring growth and obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using observational data from the Danish National Birth Cohort, a target trial emulation was conducted to investigate the association of an HPLGI diet during pregnancy on offspring growth up to 18 years of age. A cohort of 17,551 women who met the inclusion criteria was categorized into exposure groups based on their protein intake and glycemic index to emulate the groups in the APPROACH trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maternal characteristics varied between the exposure groups, with the HPLGI women exhibiting 1.67 kg higher pre-pregnancy weight and 0.49 kg/m² BMI, with no differences in GWG. Offspring outcomes were assessed at various ages, and a linear mixed model was used, including potential confounders. Offspring born to women following an HPLGI diet during pregnancy had 2.59 kg higher body weight and 0.72 kg/m² higher BMI at 18 years compared to those from the moderate-protein, moderate-glycemic-index (MPMGI) group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An HPLGI diet during pregnancy was associated with higher offspring body weight and BMI at 18 years of age compared to an MPMGI diet. These findings suggest that maternal dietary composition during pregnancy may have long-term implications for offspring growth and obesity risk, underscoring the importance of evaluating dietary recommendations during pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary intake of folate, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and riboflavin and the risk of incident dementia.","authors":"Rie Kishida, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Koutatsu Maruyama, Ai Ikeda, Mizuki Sata, Mari Tanaka, Chika Okada, Yasuhiko Kubota, Mina Hayama-Terada, Yuji Shimizu, Isao Muraki, Mitsumasa Umesawa, Hironori Imano, Tomoko Sankai, Takeo Okada, Akihiko Kitamura, Masahiko Kiyama, Hiroyasu Iso","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01663-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01663-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Low intake of B vitamins may increase dementia; However, epidemiological evidence, particularly for riboflavin (vitamin B₂), remains sparse. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary intakes of B vitamins (riboflavin, vitamin B₆, vitamin B₁₂, and folate) and the incidence of disabling dementia necessitating care under Japan's national insurance over a 15-year observation period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As part of the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study, a prospective study involving a community-based cohort of 4171 Japanese individuals aged 40-69 years was conducted. Dietary intakes of B vitamins were estimated through a single 24-h dietary recall method. Disabling dementia was defined by the daily living disability status related to dementia based on the long-term care insurance system of Japan. Hazard ratios of disabling dementia were estimated using area-stratified Cox proportional hazard models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a median follow-up of 15.4 years, 887 cases of disabling dementia were identified. Riboflavin intake was inversely associated with the risk of disabling dementia; the multivariable hazard ratio for the highest versus lowest quartiles was 0.51 (95% CI 0.42-0.63; P for trend <0.001). A similar inverse association was observed for vitamin B₆ and folate intakes, with multivariable hazard ratios of 0.80 (0.66-0.97; P for trend = 0.01) and 0.79 (0.65-0.96; P for trend <0.001), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that dietary intake of B vitamins, especially riboflavin, vitamin B₆, and folate, is associated with a reduced risk of disabling dementia in Japanese individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D status of adults in the North of the Netherlands: cross-sectional results from the Lifelines cohort study.","authors":"Marieke R Verbakel, Janneke Verkaik-Kloosterman, Ceciel S Dinnissen, Nynke Koopman, Marga C Ocké, Marjolein H de Jong","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01667-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01667-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Maintaining an adequate vitamin D status is challenging for part of the Dutch adults; therefore, use of vitamin D supplements is advised for certain subgroups. Recent studies on vitamin D status in the general Dutch population are lacking. This study aimed to investigate vitamin D status in a Dutch adult population and how it compared to twelve years earlier.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>Blood samples from participants of the Lifelines cohort collected in March 2023 were analysed for 25(OH)D₃ concentration (N = 1000). Log 25(OH)D₃ concentrations and proportion participants with a 25(OH)D₃ concentration <30 (18-69 yrs)/<50 nmol/L (≥70 yrs) were compared across gender and age groups (18-49, 50-69, and ≥70 yrs) using t-tests and ANOVA. Vitamin D status in March 2023 was compared to the status in March 2011 (N = 1221). Additionally, monthly variation in vitamin D status within 2011 was studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Men had a significantly lower median 25(OH)D₃ concentration compared to women. 25(OH)D₃ concentration increased with age. Vitamin D deficiency was observed in 7% of women 50-69 yrs and in 26% of men and 13% of women ≥70 yrs. Compared to March 2011, 25(OH)D₃ concentration in March 2023 was significantly higher (median 45-49 vs. 54-75 nmol/L). Vitamin D status throughout 2011 showed highest deficiency levels in winter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vitamin D status improved between 2011 and 2023, but still up to a quarter of men and women in different age groups were vitamin D deficient at the end of the winter of 2023. Vitamin D status was highest in the subgroups with supplementation advice.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145148466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of probiotics on cognitive function across the human lifespan: a meta-analysis.","authors":"HanQing Guo, YanHua Liang, XueMei Qin, Qing Luo, XiuMei Gong, Qinghan Gao","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01660-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01660-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, probiotics have become one of the research hotspots in the scientific community, and its potential role in intestinal health, immune regulation, and the relationship with the brain has attracted much attention. However, the improvement of cognitive function by probiotics shows different effects in different stages of the human life cycle.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the specific effects of probiotics on cognitive function in different age groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched four databases from creation to December 2023. A meta-analysis of 21 randomized controlled clinical trials was conducted, using random effect Meta analysis combined with standardized mean difference (SMD) (95% confidence interval [CI]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our meta-analysis found that the effects of probiotics on cognitive performance were primarily seen in older age groups, with significant effects on overall cognitive performance, processing speed, memory, and spatial ability (SMD = 0.40, 95% CI [0.13, 0.67], P = 0.004), (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI [0.11, 0.63], P = 0.006), (SMD = 0. 51, 95% CI [0.25, 0.78], P = 0.0002), (SMD = 0.35, 95% CI [0.09, 0.62], P = 0.008). In addition, probiotics improved executive function in infants and children (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI [0.04, 0.56], P = 0.03). In young adults, the effects of probiotics were mainly seen in verbal ability (SMD = 0.43, 95% CI [0.15, 0.71], p = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Probiotic supplements primarily improve overall cognitive function, information processing speed, memory, and spatial ability in older adults, with the best results observed after 12 weeks of daily intake of approximately 2 × 10¹⁰ CFU.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145124644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of habitual diet in metabolic fuel utilization and metabolic flexibility, evidence in Kenyan and U.S. cohorts.","authors":"Pablo Torres-Aguilar, Anna M R Hayes, Clay Swackhamer, Emmanuel Ayua, Laura Michelin, Violet Mugalavai, Bruce R Hamaker","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01665-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01665-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Animal studies support that diet affects metabolic fuel utilization and metabolic flexibility. We hypothesized that individuals with contrasting dietary patterns would have different metabolic responses. Differences in metabolic fuel utilization, metabolic flexibility, and gastric emptying time to carbohydrate challenges (rapidly vs slowly digestible carbohydrates [RDC/SDC]) were assessed between US and Kenyan cohorts consuming diets characteristic of each population.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>We assessed metabolic fuel utilization using a portable breath CO₂ measuring device and gastric emptying in two cohorts (Kenya, n = 23; US, n = 13) for 2 h following RDC and SDC challenges. Study meals, matched in energy content (732 kJ), consisted of test carbohydrates (30 g) mixed into applesauce (200 g). An estimated respiratory exchange ratio (RER_est) was calculated from the CO₂ values. Metabolic flexibility (MF) was assessed using Percent Relative Cumulative Frequency followed by modeling with the Weibull Cumulative Distribution function. We collected dietary data using three 24-h dietary recalls and used multivariate mixed effect models to assess dietary influences on RER_est/MF to carbohydrate challenges.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kenyan participants had higher RER_est and greater MF compared to US participants regardless of the carbohydrate challenge (P < 0.0001), and had improved MF response with SDC vs RDC. Multivariate Model 1 (macronutrient composition) showed that carbohydrate (P = 0.02) and protein (P < 0.001) were predictive of RER_est; and for Model 2 (carbohydrate quality), total fiber (P = 0.026), starch (P = 0.001) and added sugars (P < 0.001) were predictive of RER_est.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Kenyan cohort consuming a diet of high carbohydrate quality and low in fat showed greater carbohydrate oxidation and improved MF.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intake of total and selected carotenoids and colorectal cancer risk: An Italian case-control study.","authors":"Arianna Natale, Angela D'Angelo, Ettore Bidoli, Federica Toffolutti, Attilio Giacosa, Livia S A Augustin, Eva Negri, Francesca Bravi, Carlo La Vecchia, Marta Rossi","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01661-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01661-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is influenced by diet. Carotenoids are naturally occurring pigments primarily found in fruits and vegetables. Their potential chemopreventive properties are due to antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antiproliferative characteristics.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We investigated dietary carotenoid intakes (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein+zeaxanthin, and total carotenoids) in relation to CRC risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from a case-control study on CRC conducted in Italy, which included 1953 histologically confirmed incident cases of CRC and 4154 controls. For each subject, carotenoid intake was estimated through a reproducible and valid food frequency questionnaire, using an Italian food composition database. Odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of CRC for the highest versus the lowest quintiles of carotenoid intakes were computed through multiple logistic regression models, including terms for total energy intake and other selected confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OR of CRC for the highest versus the lowest quintile was 0.72 (95% CI = 0.60-0.87) for α-carotene, 0.60 (95% CI = 0.49-0.73) for β-carotene, 0.83 (95% CI = 0.69-0.99) for β-cryptoxanthin, 0.64 (95% CI = 0.53-0.78) for lutein+zeaxanthin, and 0.59 (95% CI = 0.48-0.73) for total carotenoids, with significant trends across quintiles. No significant association was found for lycopene.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate an inverse association between total and selected carotenoids and CRC risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world assessment of Multi-Frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (MFBIA) for measuring body composition in healthy physically active populations.","authors":"Adam W Potter, Leigh C Ward, Christopher L Chapman, William J Tharion, David P Looney, Karl E Friedl","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01664-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01664-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) methods offer reliable and moderately accurate estimates of body composition in tightly controlled conditions (prandial and hydration status, recent exercise, time of day).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined MFBIA reliability and validity in a real-world environment where these factors were not controlled.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Regional and total body composition estimates by MFBIA (InBody 770) were compared to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 1000 healthy adults (667 men; 333 women), including fat mass (FM), percent body fat (%BF), fat-free mass (FFM), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). In subsets, reliability was determined from duplicate MFBIA and DXA obtained within 1 week, and total body water (TBW) was compared to single-frequency BIA (SFBIA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MFBIA demonstrated modest population-level agreement with DXA for total body FM (men, r = 0.93, bias -3.7 ± 2.6 kg; women, r = 0.96, bias, -1.9 ± 1.8 kg), %BF (men, r = 0.89, bias, -4.2 ± 3.0%; women, r = 0.92, bias, -2.8 ± 2.6%), and FFM (men, r = 0.95, bias, 3.4 ± 2.8 kg; women, r = 0.94, bias, 2.0 ± 2.2 kg). Regional correlations were highest for trunk FM (men, r = 0.92, CCC = 0.86; women r = 0.93, CCC = 0.93) and lowest for VAT (men, r = 0.74, CCC = 0.68; women, r = 0.74, CCC = 0.34). DXA and MFBIA regional and total assessments were highly reliable (DXA, ICC 0.990-0.998) and (MFBIA, ICC 0.987-0.995). TBW by MFBIA and SFBIA showed moderate agreement (men, r = 0.73, bias, -1.89 ± 3.31; women, r = 0.82, bias, -1.74 ± 2.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This MFBIA system was shown to have high retest reliability and, when compared to laboratory methods, provides a moderately accurate method for measuring TBW and body composition (except for VAT) in uncontrolled conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic responses of three mango varieties in subjects with and without T2D: a pilot crossover study using OTT and CGM.","authors":"Sugandha Kehar, Surya Prakash Bhatt, Ravindra M Pandey, Irshad Ahmad Ansari, Rajashekar Reddy Palavalli, Vimal Gupta, Anoop Misra","doi":"10.1038/s41430-025-01659-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-025-01659-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Mango consumption is often restricted in diet consumed by people with diabetes due to concerns about its glycemic impact. This study aimed to compare the glycemic effects of mango consumption with those of white bread and glucose in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a two-phase study involving 95 participants (45 with T2D, 50 non-diabetic). Phase 1 employed oral tolerance test (OTT) to assess immediate glycemic responses to mango (Safeda, Dasheri, and Langra), bread, and glucose. Phase 2 utilized continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to evaluate glycemic profiles over three days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On OTT, in non-diabetic subjects, mango consumption resulted in non-significantly lower postprandial glucose peaks compared to glucose and bread, except Langra variety which showed lowest area under the curve for glucose of borderline significance. In subjects with T2D, mango varieties performed similarly to bread. CGM data revealed that mango consumption over three days resulted in a similar glycemic profile to bread in non-diabetic subjects and a lower glycemic profile in subjects with T2D, though most differences were statistically not significant. Mean Amplitude of Glycemic Excursion (MAGE) was significantly lower after mango ingestion as compared to bread in CGM data in subjects with T2D.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Data show limited glycemic impact of tested mango varieties, comparable to or lower than white bread, especially in T2D subjects. The significant reduction in MAGE observed with mango consumption suggests potential benefits for glycemic variability. With portion control in calorie restrictive diets, mango may be suitable for people with T2D.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}