European Journal of Clinical Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Birth weight mediates the association of maternal undernutrition with child undernutrition prevalence in West Africa","authors":"A. Kofi Amegah, Roland Ayinemi, Christian Sewor, Haile Mekonnen Fenta, Kelvin Yeboah, Seidu Awal Mohammed, Duah Dwomoh, Samuel K. Annim, Saverio Stranges, Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01453-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-024-01453-5","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal nutritional status before and during pregnancy is an important determinant of foetal health. In West Africa, maternal and child undernutrition remains a major public health problem and it is important to establish the mechanistic pathway linking the two disorders to help address the problem. We therefore assessed the mediating role of low birth weight (LBW) in the relationship of maternal undernutrition with child undernutrition in West Africa. We included recent (2010–2019) DHS data from thirteen West African countries. Poisson regression model with robust standard errors was used to assess the relationship between maternal undernutrition (body mass index and anaemia) and child undernutrition (stunting, wasting, underweight, and anaemia). Structural equation modelling was used to conduct the mediation analysis. Prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight, and anaemia among under-five children in West Africa was found to be 32.4%, 8.1%, 20.1%, and 71.5%, respectively. We found children of underweight mothers to be more likely to be undernourished (stunted, wasted, and underweight) and anaemic compared to children of normal-weight mothers. Also, children of anaemic mothers were more likely to be stunted and anaemic but not wasted compared with children of non-anaemic mothers. LBW mediated the observed relationships between maternal BMI and childhood stunting (22.6%), and maternal anaemia and childhood stunting (24.9%), wasting (11.7), and anaemia (6.6%). We found maternal undernutrition to be associated with child undernutrition in West Africa with LBW noted to be a mediator of the observed relationship. We recommend that, to address the child undernutrition problem in West Africa, governments and policymakers must integrate measures to address the burden of LBW.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141160716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of GLP1 receptor analogues in obesity with neurodevelopmental disorder: case report of a patient with holoprosencephaly","authors":"Manon Le Guiniec, A. L. Borel","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01450-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-024-01450-8","url":null,"abstract":"Holoprosencephaly is an anomaly in the division of the prosencephalon into cerebral hemispheres during the second month of gestation. Patients can present with early-onset obesity favoured by the cognitive impairment. We present a case of a 24 year-old woman with holoprosencephaly and class III obesity who was treated by 2.4 mg/week SEMAGLUTIDE. Her body weight decreased from 115.3 to 94.3 kg after one-year (18% of total body weight loss). In addition, she presented a marked reduction in self- and hetero-aggressive behaviour when exposed to the sight of food. The treatment was well tolerated, with the exception of a few vomiting when eating palatable food too quickly. GLP1-RAs may be interesting for obesity treatment in the context of neurodevelopmental disorders. They appear to reduce compulsive eating and aggressive behaviour, particularly in relation to exposure to food, and lead to weight loss similar to that seen in people without neurodevelopmental disorders.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating my career in lipid research.","authors":"Andrew J Sinclair","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01452-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-024-01452-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary habits and compliance with dietary guidelines in patients with established cardiovascular disease","authors":"Nadia E. Bonekamp, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Jannick A. N. Dorresteijn, Manon G. van der Meer, Ynte M. Ruigrok, Martin Teraa, Frank L. J. Visseren, Charlotte Koopal, On behalf of the UCC-SMART study group","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01443-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-024-01443-7","url":null,"abstract":"Unhealthy dietary habits are an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and adopting a healthy diet is a central recommendation in CVD prevention. This study assessed the dietary habits of patients with established CVD, their compliance to dietary guidelines, and the relationship between guideline-compliance and recurrent cardiovascular event risk. 2656 patients with established CVD from the Utrecht Cardiovascular Cohort-Secondary Manifestations of ARTerial disease (UCC-SMART) prospective cohort study, were included between 1996 and 2022. Data on dietary intake was retrospectively collected for all participants in December 2022 using a 160-item food frequency questionnaire. Compliance with dietary guidelines was quantified using an amended version of the Dutch Healthy Diet 2015 (DHD-15) index (range: 0–135). Cox proportional hazard models were used to quantify the relationship with cardiovascular events (stroke and myocardial infarction). Among 2656 CVD patients (77% male, mean age 59 ± 9 years), median energy intake was 1922 [IQR: 1536–2351] kcal/day. The median DHD-15 index was 81.7 [IQR 71.2–92.0], with high compliance scores for recommendations on legumes and fish, and low scores for recommendations on whole grains, red meat, processed meat, and dairy. A higher DHD-15 score was associated with lower stroke risk (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66–0.92 per 10-point increase) but not with myocardial infarction. Compliance with dietary guidelines was suboptimal in patients with established CVD. High compliance was associated with a clinically significant reduction in stroke risk in patients with established CVD, emphasizing the importance of dietary counseling.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the effect of prolonged fasting on kynurenine pathway metabolites and stress markers in healthy male individuals","authors":"Varvara Louvrou, Rima Solianik, Marius Brazaitis, Sophie Erhardt","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01451-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-024-01451-7","url":null,"abstract":"Prolonged fasting triggers a stress response within the human body. Our objective was to investigate the impact of prolonged fasting, in conjunction with stress, on kynurenine pathway metabolites. Healthy males were divided into fasting group (zero-calorie-restriction) for 6 days (FAST, n = 14), and control group (CON, n = 10). Blood and saliva samples were collected at baseline, Day 2, Day 4, Day 6 during fasting period, and 1 week after resuming regular diet. Plasma levels of kynurenine pathway metabolites were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Plasma and salivary samples were analyzed for stress markers. A pronounced activation of the kynurenine pathway in individuals on FAST trial was revealed. Concentrations of picolinic acid (PIC), kynurenic acid (KYNA) and 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK) were significantly increased, with peak levels observed on Day 6 (P < 0.0001). Conversely, concentrations of tryptophan (TRP) and quinolinic acid (QUIN) decreased (P < 0.0001), while kynurenine (KYN) and nicotinamide (NAM) levels remained stable. Cortisol and noradrenaline concentrations remained unchanged. However, adrenaline levels significantly increased on Day 4 within FAST compared to CON (P = 0.005). Notably, all deviations in kynurenine pathway metabolite levels returned to baseline values upon resuming regular diet following the 6-day fasting regimen, even when weight and BMI parameters were not restored. Extended fasting over 6 days induces the kynurenine pathway and has minimal effects on stress markers. Restoration of metabolite concentrations upon regular feeding implies rapid adaptation of the kynurenine pathway synthetic enzymes to maintain homeostasis when faced with perturbations.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141093112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical outcomes to be included in the Core Outcome Set for nutritional intervention studies in older adults with malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition: a modified Delphi Study","authors":"Nuno Mendonça, Christina Avgerinou, Sibel Çavdar, Tommy Cederholm, Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft, Gabriel Torbahn, Cornel Sieber, Hanna M. Siebentritt, Eva Kiesswetter, Dorothee Volkert, Marjolein Visser","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01444-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-024-01444-6","url":null,"abstract":"As part of the development of an agreed minimum set of outcomes or Core Outcome Set (COS) for future nutritional intervention trials in older adults with malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition, this work reports on the Delphi surveys and final consensus. Outcomes from a scoping review were incorporated into a two-round Delphi survey. Researchers and healthcare professionals experienced in malnutrition in older adults were invited to take part in an online survey to rate 38 selected outcomes on a nine-point Likert scale ranging from ‘not important’ to ‘critical’ for their setting (community, hospital, or long-term care). Consensus for inclusion was reached when ≥75% (or ≥60% if a patient-reported outcome) of the participants scored the outcome as ‘critical’ and <15% as ‘not important’. Resulting outcomes were voted for inclusion or exclusion in the COS in a final online consensus meeting. Ninety-three and 72 participants from diverse professional backgrounds and countries participated in the 1st and 2nd Delphi round, respectively. After both rounds eleven outcomes met the inclusion criteria, largely irrespective of setting. Fifteen participants, representing academia, health care, health policy, industry, and PPI, voted in a final online consensus meeting resulting in ten outcomes: malnutrition status, dietary intake, appetite, body weight or BMI, muscle strength, muscle mass, functional performance, functional limitations, quality of life, and acceptability of the intervention. Ten outcomes will form the COS which is intended to be used by the scientific community in all future nutritional intervention studies for older adults with malnutrition or at risk of malnutrition. The subsequent phase will establish the appropriate methods to measure these outcomes.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141087403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of diamine oxidase (DAO) during low-histamine or ordinary diet in patients with histamine intolerance","authors":"Georgios Rentzos, Adina Weisheit, Linda Ekerljung, Jenny van Odijk","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01448-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-024-01448-2","url":null,"abstract":"Quantification of diamine oxidase (DAO) concentrations in serum has been proposed as an adjunctive diagnostic modality for the evaluation of histamine intolerance (HIT). Limited empirical data exist concerning the influence of dietary patterns on DAO levels. In the context of a prospective study employing a crossover design, 18 individuals diagnosed with HIT were randomized to initiate either a low histamine diet (LHD) or a conventional mixed diet (MXD). Serum DAO concentrations were measured at the commencement of the study and following each dietary phase. A control group underwent analogous DAO assessments without imposition of dietary constraints. During the time when a diet restricted in histamine was implemented, noticeable differences in changes in DAO levels did not become apparent when compared to the changes observed during the mixed (MXD) phase. Specifically, among the group, 10 of the 18 patients exhibited elevated DAO values subsequent to the LHD regimen, while the remaining eight displayed either reduced or unchanging DAO levels. The prevalence of elevated DAO levels in the LHD group did not differ significantly from that observed in the control group during the MXD phase. Additionally, during the LHD phase, patients reported a significant reduction in gastrointestinal and cutaneous symptoms. This prospective investigation underscores the enduring utility of a histamine-restricted diet, coupled with structured dietary reintroduction, as an efficacious diagnostic approach for individuals presenting with suspected food-related histamine hypersensitivity. Notably, the measurement of DAO levels appears to furnish only a limited capacity to discern dietary-induced fluctuations. Notwithstanding, the dynamics of DAO alteration do not appear to exhibit a discernible association with specific dietary patterns, a finding consistent across both patient and control groups.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11300302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141069802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediation effect of body mass index on the association between serum magnesium level and insulin resistance in children from Mexico City","authors":"María Judith Rios-Lugo, Jesús Isimar Serafín-Fabián, Héctor Hernández-Mendoza, Miguel Klünder-Klünder, Miguel Cruz, Estefania Chavez-Prieto, Israel Martínez- Navarro, Jenny Vilchis-Gil, Miguel Vazquez-Moreno","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01447-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-024-01447-3","url":null,"abstract":"Reduced serum magnesium (Mg) levels have been associated with obesity, insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in adults. However, in the children population, the evidence is still limited. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to analyze the association of serum Mg levels with the frequency of overweight and obesity and cardiometabolic traits in 189 schoolchildren (91 girls and 98 boys) between 6 and 12 years old from Mexico City. Anthropometrical data were collected and biochemical parameters were measured by enzymatic colorimetric assay. Serum Mg level was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index was used as a surrogate marker to evaluate IR. Serum Mg level was negatively associated with overweight (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.377, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.231–0.614, p < 0.001) and obesity (OR = 0.345, 95% CI 0.202–0.589, p < 0.001). Serum Mg level resulted negatively associated with body mass index (BMI, β = −1.16 ± 0.26, p < 0.001), BMI z-score (β = −0.48 ± 0.10, p < 0.001) and TyG index (β = −0.04 ± 0.04, p = 0.041). Through a mediation analysis was estimated that BMI z-score accounts for 60.5% of the negative association of serum Mg level with IR (Sobel test: z = 2.761; p = 0.005). Our results evidence that BMI z-score mediate part of the negative association of serum Mg level and IR in Mexican schoolchildren.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"24-h energy expenditure in people with type 1 diabetes: impact on equations for clinical estimation of energy expenditure","authors":"Elvis A. Carnero, Karen D. Corbin, Anna Casu, Daria Igudesman, Anika Bilal, Steven R. Smith, Michael R. Kosorok, David M. Maahs, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis, Richard E. Pratley","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01446-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41430-024-01446-4","url":null,"abstract":"Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an increase in resting metabolic rate (RMR), but the impact of T1D on other components of 24-h energy expenditure (24-h EE) is not known. Also, there is a lack of equations to estimate 24-h EE in patients with T1D. The aims of this analysis were to compare 24-h EE and its components in young adults with T1D and healthy controls across the spectrum of body mass index (BMI) and derive T1D-specific equations from clinical variables. Thirty-three young adults with T1D diagnosed ≥1 year prior and 33 healthy controls matched for sex, age and BMI were included in this analysis. We measured 24-h EE inside a whole room indirect calorimeter (WRIC) and body composition with dual x-ray absorptiometry. Participants with T1D had significantly higher 24-h EE than healthy controls (T1D = 2047 ± 23 kcal/day vs control= 1908 ± 23 kcal/day; P < 0.01). We derived equations to estimate 24-h EE with both body composition (fat free mass + fat mass) and anthropometric (weight + height) models, which provided high coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.912 for both). A clinical model that did not incorporate spontaneous physical activity yielded high coefficients of determination as well (R2 = 0.897 and R2 = 0.880 for body composition and anthropometric models, respectively). These results confirm that young adults with established T1D have increased 24-h EE relative to controls without T1D. The derived equations from clinically available variables can assist clinicians with energy prescriptions for weight management in patients with T1D.","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-024-01446-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical assessment of reliability of anthropometric measurements in the multi-site South African National Dietary Intake Survey 2022.","authors":"Sanja Nel, Jeroen de Man, Louise van den Berg, Friedeburg Anna Maria Wenhold","doi":"10.1038/s41430-024-01449-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-024-01449-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anthropometric data quality in large multicentre nutrition surveys is seldom adequately assessed. In preparation for the South African National Dietary Intake Survey (NDIS-2022), this study assessed site leads' and fieldworkers' intra- and inter-rater reliability for measuring weight, length/height, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), waist circumference (WC) and calf circumference (CC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Standardised training materials and measurement protocols were developed, and new anthropometric equipment was procured. Following two training rounds (12 site lead teams, 46 fieldworker teams), measurement reliability was assessed for both groups, using repeated measurements of volunteers similar to the survey target population. Reliability was statistically assessed using the technical error of measurement (TEM), relative TEM (%TEM), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of reliability (R). Agreement was visualised with Bland-Altman analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By %TEM, the best reliability was achieved for weight (%TEM = 0.260-0.923) and length/height (%TEM = 0.434-0.855), and the poorest for MUAC by fieldworkers (%TEM = 2.592-3.199) and WC (%TEM = 2.353-2.945). Whole-sample ICC and R were excellent ( > 0.90) for all parameters except site leads' CC inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.896, R = 0.889) and fieldworkers' inter-rater reliability for MUAC in children under two (ICC = 0.851, R = 0.881). Bland-Altman analysis revealed no significant bias except in fieldworkers' intra-rater reliability of length/height measurement in adolescents/adults ( + 0.220 (0.042, 0.400) cm). Reliability was higher for site leads vs. fieldworkers, for intra-rater vs. inter-rater assessment, and for weight and length/height vs. circumference measurements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NDIS-2022 site leads and fieldworkers displayed acceptable reliability in performing anthropometric measurements, highlighting the importance of intensive training and standardised measurement protocols. Ongoing reliability assessment during data collection is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":11927,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}