Epilepsy Research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of acute administration of 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol in mouse models of seizures","authors":"Leandro Rodrigo Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Aline Matilde Ferreira dos Santos ,&nbsp;Erika da Cruz Guedes ,&nbsp;Thamires Lucena da Silva Bezerra ,&nbsp;Thaíze Lopes de Souza ,&nbsp;José Maria Barbosa Filho ,&nbsp;Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida ,&nbsp;Mirian Graciela da Silva Stiebbe Salvadori","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Epilepsy, a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures, presents a substantial challenge in approximately one-third of cases exhibiting resistance to conventional pharmacological treatments. This study investigated the effect of 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol, a phenolic compound derived from various natural sources, in different models of induced seizures and its impact on animal electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. Adult male Swiss albino mice were pre-treated (i.p.) with a dose curve of 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg), its vehicle (Tween), or standard antiepileptic drug (Diazepam; or Phenytoin). Subsequently, the mice were subjected to different seizure-inducing models – pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA), pilocarpine (PILO), or maximal electroshock seizure (MES). EEG analysis was performed on other animals surgically implanted with electrodes to evaluate brain activity. Significant results revealed that animals treated with 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol exhibited increased latency to the first myoclonic jerk in the PTZ and PILO models; prolonged latency to the first tonic-clonic seizure in the PTZ, 3-MPA, and PILO models; reduced total duration of tonic-clonic seizures in the PTZ and PILO models; decreased intensity of convulsive seizures in the PTZ and 3-MPA models; and diminished mortality in the 3-MPA, PILO, and MES models. EEG analysis indicated an increase in the percentage of total power attributed to beta waves following 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol administration. Notably, the substance protected from behavioral and electrographic seizures in the PTZ model, preventing increases in the average amplitude of recording signals while also inducing an increase in the participation of theta and gamma waves. These findings suggest promising outcomes for the tested phenolic compound across diverse pre-clinical seizure models, highlighting the need for further comprehensive studies to elucidate its underlying mechanisms and validate its clinical relevance in epilepsy management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107421"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of berberine nanoformulation in epilepsy: A novel therapeutic strategy","authors":"Lekha Saha ,&nbsp;Puja kumari ,&nbsp;V.R. Sinha ,&nbsp;Vipasha Gautam ,&nbsp;Lavjot Kaur ,&nbsp;Sunil Sharma ,&nbsp;Amitava Chakrabarti","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the present study was to develop a novel formulation of berberine (BBR) and demonstrate its anti-seizure effect in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced kindling model in rats. Nanoparticles of BBR were formulated using Poly Lactic-<em>co</em>-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) as a polymer. Emulsification and solvent evaporation technique was used. PTZ induced kindling model in male wistar rat was used to demonstrate the anti-seizure effect of nano-BBR. The particle size obtained for the final formulation was 242.8 ± 67.35 nm with a PDI of 0.140 ± 0.01. PLGA encapsulated BBR nanoparticles showed the % encapsulation efficiency of 87.33 ± 2.42 % and % drug loading of 48.47 ± 1.34 %. In-vitro drug release data showed sustained release of nano-BBR as compared to BBR. Kinetic study data showed increase in AUC of nano-BBR (35,429.46 h.ng/ml) as compared to BBR (28,211.07 h.ng/ml). Cmax for nano- BBR (2251.90 ng/ml) is approximately 1.6 times greater than BBR (1505.50 ng/ml). Nano- BBR has shown the significant effect on the seizure score. The PLGA encapsulated berberine nanoparticles were prepared by an innovative simple method and offers excellent potential as an antiepileptic agent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-hospital outcomes in people with autism and epilepsy – A population-based study","authors":"Varun R. Subramaniam ,&nbsp;Jonathan Goldstein ,&nbsp;Lan Mu ,&nbsp;Churl-Su Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autism is a common comorbid diagnosis in those with epilepsy. Understanding the health needs and outcomes in patients with this dual diagnosis is important for optimizing healthcare outcomes. We compared hospital-level variables amongst patients with co-occurring autism and epilepsy, to those with epilepsy alone. Non-elective hospital admissions amongst patients with epilepsy alone and co-occurring autism and epilepsy were identified in the 2003–14 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) using previously validated ICD-9-CM case definitions. One patient with co-occurring epilepsy and autism was matched to three epilepsy patients for age and sex. Multinomial logistic regressions were performed to examine outcomes of interest. Compared to those with epilepsy alone (n = 27,762), patients with autism and epilepsy (n = 9254) had a higher odds of transfer to another facility (OR = 1.09, p = 0.048), in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.36, p = 0.011), longer mean length of stay (5.63 days vs. 5.12 days, p &lt; 0.0001), and septicemia (4.21 % vs. 3.08 %, p &lt; 0.0001). Distributions of demographics, insurance type, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities significantly differed between both groups. Our findings demonstrate that patients with comorbid autism and epilepsy are a unique population with health outcomes significantly differing from those with epilepsy alone. Given the effect that dual diagnosis has on hospital trajectory, focused treatment plans must be adopted to optimize care and hospital outcomes in these patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141703875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hot water epilepsy with alone and spontaneous seizures in childhood","authors":"Sevgi Yimenicioğlu ,&nbsp;Arzu Ekici","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Hot water epilepsy (HWE) is a type of epilepsy that primarily affects children. This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical, electroencephalogram (EEG), neuroimaging findings, and treatment options in children with HWE.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The medical records of 24 patients who had HWE were evaluated retrospectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 2767 patients diagnosed with epilepsy during the seven-year period, and 0.86 % of the patients had HWE. The median age of the patients was three (range 1.2–7 years), with a male predominance (male/female ratio: 7.1). Six patients (25 %) had HWE with spontaneous seizures (HWESS) and 18 patients (75 %) had HWE alone (HWEA). 11 patients had focal onset seizures, 13 patients had generalized onset seizures. EEG abnormalities were found in 7 patients (29.2 %). Three patients (12.5 %) had nonspecific MRI findings. Developmental abnormalities (autism spectrum disorder, learning disability and speech disturbance.) were detected in 8 patients (33.3 %). Only one patient's (4.2 %) seizure could be controlled by changing bathroom habits. Twenty-three patients (95.8 %) were given antiepileptic drugs. 18 of 24 patients had come for follow-up visits for two years, nine of them used monotherapy and seizures did not recur. The treatment response was 55.5 %. Oxcarbazepine (8 patients, 33.3 %) and valproic acid (7 patients, 29.2 %) were the most chosen two drugs for HWE. The genetic tests performed were not accepted relevant to the patients' clinical conditions and epilepsy.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The frequency of the HWE was not as high in the literature. Male predominance, EEG abnormalities may be seen. Changing bath room habits did not improve the treatment as a first line management, all the patients except one used antiepileptic drug treatment. Until now, there has been no study in Turkey showing the frequency of HWE exclusively in children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141605852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute seizures after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in young individuals: 11-year trends and association with mortality","authors":"Alain Lekoubou ,&nbsp;Austin Cohrs ,&nbsp;Mariana Dejuk ,&nbsp;Jinpyo Hong ,&nbsp;Souvik Sen ,&nbsp;Leonardo Bonilha ,&nbsp;Vernon M. Chinchilli","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The rate of spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (sICH) is rising among young Americans. Trends in acute seizure (AS) incidence in this age group is largely unknown. Further, the association of AS with mortality has not been reported in this age group. The aim of this study is to determine trends in AS among young individuals with sICH.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The Merative MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters database, for the years 2005 through 2015, served as the data source for this retrospective in-hospital population study. This period was chosen as spontaneous ICH incidence increased among young individuals between 2005 and 2015. Our study population included patients aged 18–64 years with ICH identified using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth and Tenth Revision (ICD-9/10) codes 430, 431, 432.0, 432.1, 432.9, I61, I61.0, I61.1, I61.2, I61.3, I61.4, I61.5, I61.6, I61.8, and I61.9, excluding those with a prior diagnosis of seizures (ICD-9/10 codes 345.x,780.3x, G40, G41, and R56.8). We computed yearly AS incidence, mortality (in patients with and without seizures), and analyzed trends. We applied a logistic regression model to determine the independent association of AS with mortality accounting for demographic and clinical variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>AS incidence increased linearly between 2005 (incidence rate: 8.1 %) and 2015 (incidence rate: 11.0 %), which represents a 26 % relative increase (P for trends &lt;0.0001). In-hospital mortality rate was 14.3 % among those who developed AS and 11.5 % among those who did not have AS. Overall, between 2005 and 2015, in-hospital mortality decreased from 13.0 % to 9.7 % among patients without AS but remained unchanged among those with AS. Patients who developed AS were 10 % more likely to die than those who did not (OR: 1.10, 95 % confidence interval: 1.02–1.18).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Between 2005 and 2015, the incidence of AS increased by nearly 26 % among young Americans with sICH. In-patient mortality remained unchanged among those who developed seizures but declined among those who did not. The occurrence of AS was independently associated with a 10 % higher risk of in-hospital death.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of seizure semiology, genetics, magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalogram findings in children with Rett syndrome: A multicenter retrospective study","authors":"Nihal Yıldız ,&nbsp;Esra Serdaroğlu ,&nbsp;Pınar Özkan Kart ,&nbsp;Seyda Besen ,&nbsp;Seda Kanmaz ,&nbsp;Dilara Ece Toprak ,&nbsp;Betul Kilic ,&nbsp;Ozlem Ersoy ,&nbsp;Pınar Gencpinar ,&nbsp;Nihal Olgac Dundar ,&nbsp;Cetin Okuyaz ,&nbsp;Ayse Serdaroglu ,&nbsp;Kursat Bora Carman ,&nbsp;Coşkun Yarar ,&nbsp;Barış Ekici ,&nbsp;Burak Tatlı ,&nbsp;İlknur Erol ,&nbsp;Kürşad Aydın ,&nbsp;Hasan Tekgül ,&nbsp;Ali Cansu","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to evaluate seizure semiology, electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and genetic findings, as well as treatment choices in Rett syndrome (RTT).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on one hundred and twenty cases diagnosed with RTT with a genetic mutation. Data were obtained from nine participating centers.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, 93.3 % of patients were female, with typical RTT found in 70 % of cases. Genetic etiology revealed MECP2, FoxG1, and CDKL5 in 93.8 %, 2.7 %, and 1.8 % of cases, respectively. Atypical RTT clinics were observed in 50 % of male cases, with the first EEG being normal in atypical RTT cases (p = 0.01). Generalized tonic-clonic and myoclonic epilepsy were the most common seizure semiologies, while absence and focal epilepsy were less prevalent. Valproate, levetiracetam, lamotrigine, and clobazam were the most commonly used antiepileptic drugs, affecting the severity and frequency of seizures (p = 0.015, p=&lt;0.001, p = 0.022, and p=&lt;0.001, respectively). No significant differences were observed in EEG findings. The initiation of anti-seizure medications significantly altered seizure characteristics (Table 4). A ketogenic diet and vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) correlated with a 50 % improvement in cognitive function, while steroid treatment showed a 60 % improvement. Remarkably, seizures were substantially reduced after VNS application.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study underscores the importance of genetic diagnosis in RTT cases with a clinical diagnosis. These preliminary results will be further validated with the inclusion of clinically diagnosed RTT cases in our ongoing study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141605869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing thalamic neuromodulation in epilepsy: Bridging adult data to pediatric care","authors":"Debopam Samanta ,&nbsp;Gewalin Aungaroon ,&nbsp;Gregory W. Albert ,&nbsp;Cemal Karakas ,&nbsp;Charuta N. Joshi ,&nbsp;Rani K. Singh ,&nbsp;Chima Oluigbo ,&nbsp;M. Scott Perry ,&nbsp;Sunil Naik ,&nbsp;Puck C. Reeders ,&nbsp;Puneet Jain ,&nbsp;Taylor J. Abel ,&nbsp;Sandipan Pati ,&nbsp;Ammar Shaikhouni ,&nbsp;Zulfi Haneef","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thalamic neuromodulation has emerged as a treatment option for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) with widespread and/or undefined epileptogenic networks. While deep brain stimulation (DBS) and responsive neurostimulation (RNS) depth electrodes offer means for electrical stimulation of the thalamus in adult patients with DRE, the application of thalamic neuromodulation in pediatric epilepsy remains limited. To address this gap, the Neuromodulation Expert Collaborative was established within the Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium (PERC) Epilepsy Surgery Special Interest Group. In this expert review, existing evidence and recommendations for thalamic neuromodulation modalities using DBS and RNS are summarized, with a focus on the anterior (ANT), centromedian(CMN), and pulvinar nuclei of the thalamus. To-date, only DBS of the ANT is FDA approved for treatment of DRE in adult patients based on the results of the pivotal SANTE (Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus for Epilepsy) study. Evidence for other thalamic neurmodulation indications and targets is less abundant. Despite the lack of evidence, positive responses to thalamic stimulation in adults with DRE have led to its off-label use in pediatric patients. Although caution is warranted due to differences between pediatric and adult epilepsy, the efficacy and safety of pediatric neuromodulation appear comparable to that in adults. Indeed, CMN stimulation is increasingly accepted for generalized and diffuse onset epilepsies, with recent completion of one randomized trial. There is also growing interest in using pulvinar stimulation for temporal plus and posterior quadrant epilepsies with one ongoing clinical trial in Europe. The future of thalamic neuromodulation holds promise for revolutionizing the treatment landscape of childhood epilepsy. Ongoing research, technological advancements, and collaborative efforts are poised to refine and improve thalamic neuromodulation strategies, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for children with DRE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141598944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Posttraumatic epilepsy: Integrating clinical, inflammatory, and genetic profiles in traumatic brain injury patients","authors":"Amanda C. Mosini ,&nbsp;Viviam Sanabria ,&nbsp;Thábatta K.E. Nakamura ,&nbsp;Michele L. Calió ,&nbsp;Clara Pompeu ,&nbsp;Clivandir S. Silva ,&nbsp;Priscila Nicolicht-Amorim ,&nbsp;Maria da Graça Naffah-Mazzacoratti ,&nbsp;Marimelia A. Porcionatto ,&nbsp;Luiz Eugênio Mello ,&nbsp;Maira L. Foresti","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aims to assess the clinical, inflammatory, and genetic profiles of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients over a 2-year follow-up period, focusing on the development of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fifty-nine patients with acute TBI were recruited in the emergency unit of a hospital in Brazil. Clinical data and blood samples were collected after 10 days of hospitalization for posterior genetic profile (Apolipoprotein E- ApoE and Glutamic Acid Descarboxylase-GAD sequencing) analyses. A subset of 19 patients were assessed for cytokine markers (mRNA expression). The development of PTE was investigated for two years following TBI. Statistical analyses including univariate analysis, multiple correspondence analysis, and Mann-Whitney test were performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Analysis revealed an association between severe TBI and requirement for neurosurgery and polytrauma (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05), as well as the development of PTE over a two-year follow-up period (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05). Multiple correspondence analysis identified two distinct profiles associated with PTE and Non-PTE outcomes. The PTE profile showed a higher prevalence of the ApoE genotype E3/E3 and GAD1 SNP (rs769391) genotype AA in our study, while the Non-PTE profile showed a higher presence of E3/E4. mRNA expression analysis demonstrated acute elevated levels of TNF-α in the PTE group as compared to Non-PTE patients (6.70±1.53 vs 5.31 ±0.33, <em>p</em>&lt;0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>Our findings underscore the multifactorial nature of aspects potentially contributing to PTE. It is unlikely that any single factor might in isolation have a strong causative influence over the development of epilepsy after TBI. Our results provide a suggestion of potential clustering that might be relevant as prognostic factors for PTE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141638535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hippocampal activations obtained during language fMRI tasks: a complementary tool for predicting postoperative memory prognosis","authors":"Eve Salleles ,&nbsp;Séverine Samson ,&nbsp;Marisa Denos ,&nbsp;Marie Mere ,&nbsp;Stéphane Lehericy ,&nbsp;Bastien Herlin ,&nbsp;Sophie Dupont","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), the benefits of surgery must be balanced against the risk of post-operative memory decline. Prediction of postoperative outcomes based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tasks is increasingly common but remains uncertain. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether hippocampal activations elicited by fMRI language tasks could enhance or refine memory fMRI in MTLE patients candidates to surgery. Forty-six patients were included: 30 right and 16 left MTLE, mostly with hippocampal sclerosis. Preoperative assessment included neuropsychological tests and fMRI with language (syntactic verbal fluency) and memory tasks (encoding, delayed, and immediate recognition of images of objects). Thirty patients underwent surgery and had neuropsychological evaluations one year after surgery. Worsening was defined as a degradation of more than 10% in postoperative forgetting scores compared to preoperative scores in verbal, non-verbal and global memory. Memory fMRI had the best sensitivity with hippocampal activations obtained in 95% of patients, versus 65% with language fMRI. Considering the patients who elicited an hippocampal activation, language fMRI led to 80%, 65% and 85% of correct predictions for respectively global, verbal and non verbal memory (versus 71%, 64% and 68% with memory fMRI). Memory and language fMRI predictions outperformed those made by neuropsychological tests. In summary, language fMRI was less sensitive than memory fMRI to elicit hippocampal activations but when it did, the proportion of correct memory predictions was better. Moreover, it proved to be an independent predictive factor regardless of the side of the epileptic focus. Given the ease of setting up a language task in fMRI, we recommend the systematic combination of memory and language tasks to predict the post-operative memory outcome of MTLE patients undergoing epilepsy surgery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of electroencephalographic findings in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome","authors":"Firoz M. Nizami,&nbsp;Sweety Trivedi,&nbsp;Jayantee Kalita","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe form of childhood onset epileptic encephalopathy characterized by multiple drug-resistant seizures, cognitive impairment, and diffuse slow spike and wave (SSW), and generalized paroxysmal fast activity (GPFA) on electroencephalogram (EEG). Systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines was done to investigate EEG findings in LGS. PubMed and MEDLINE were systematically searched for English-language studies published until15th may 2023. Original articles and research with patients between age group 1–30 years, and studies with description of EEG findings were included. Search identified 20 studies with 1167 patients. In this analysis 62.6 % of patients were male. The median age was 9.6 years. Etiology was structural abnormality in 42.6 %, genetic in 8.7 % but was unknown in 48.7%. Tonic seizures (74.5 %) were most frequent followed by atypical absences (44.3 %), myoclonic (39.2 %), generalized (38.5 %), atonic (34.8 %), epileptic spasm (15.9 %), focal (11.4 %) and non-convulsive status epilepticus (7.0 %). Out of 20 studies, only 15 studies mentioned GPFA in 46.6 % patients and SSW in 91.7 % patients. Unilateral and focal discharges were more common in patients with unilateral structural abnormalities. Seizure discharges on EEG longer than 10 second duration correlated with seizure diary counts. Combination of atonic, tonic, and atypical absence seizures correlated with SSW, and myoclonic seizures correlated with GPFA. EEG helps in diagnosis and prognosis of LGS. SSW is present in almost all EEG, and GPFA in 46.6 % patients. Longer duration of SSW discharges and disorganized background are associated with poor outcome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 107406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}