Epilepsy Research最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness and tolerability of cenobamate: A single center experience","authors":"Christopher Saouda,&nbsp;Omar Nofal,&nbsp;Yamane Makke,&nbsp;Alexandra Eid,&nbsp;Victoria Vinarsky,&nbsp;Helen Edelberg,&nbsp;Sean M. Lee,&nbsp;Mohamad Koubeissi","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Medication-resistant epilepsy (MRE) is characterized by the failure of adequate trials of two antiseizure medications (ASMs). Numerous studies have shown that once two ASMs fail to control seizures, the likelihood of subsequent ASM regimens providing seizure control diminishes significantly. Recent clinical data on cenobamate (CNB) suggest it may offer higher rates of seizure freedom in MRE patients. This study aims to report real-world, single-center findings on the effectiveness and tolerability of CNB in treating MRE.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study includes adult patients diagnosed with MRE and treated with CNB between 2020 and 2023 at The George Washington University (GWU). Data were collected from electronic medical records. Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate CNB's impact on seizure control and patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>121 patients with medication-resistant epilepsy (MRE) were prescribed cenobamate (CNB). After exclusions, 104 patients were included in the effectiveness analysis and 111 in the tolerability analysis. Results showed that 34.6 % of patients achieved seizure freedom for at least three months, with a mean duration of seizure freedom of 11 ( ± 7.9) months.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>CNB use in a large population of more than 100 patients demonstrated impressive anti-seizure activity with a good proportion of patients with MRE achieving seizure freedom despite having failed multiple prior ASMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107498"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical outcome and contributing presurgical evaluations in children with magnetic resonance imaging-negative epilepsy and periodic seizure cycles","authors":"Yoshihiko Saito ,&nbsp;Kenji Sugai ,&nbsp;Masaki Iwasaki ,&nbsp;Noriko Sato ,&nbsp;Akiyoshi Kakita ,&nbsp;Yuko Saito ,&nbsp;Taisuke Ohtsuki ,&nbsp;Masayuki Sasaki","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The identification of surgical candidates is a critical issue in patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-negative drug-resistant focal epilepsy and latent accompanying resectable lesions, such as focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). Recently, periodic seizure cycles have been associated with FCD in both patients with MRI-positive and MRI-negative epilepsy. We investigated the presurgical evaluation and postsurgical outcome of patients with MRI-negative epilepsy with FCD and a history of periodic seizure cycles.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively reviewed the characteristics of presurgical evaluation and postsurgical seizure outcome in 14 children with MRI-negative drug-resistant focal epilepsy and a history of periodic seizure cycles. All the patients had FCD histopathologically.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age at epilepsy surgery was 7.7 ± 4.7 years (0.7–16.1 years). Favorable postsurgical seizure outcome (ILAE classes 1–3) was obtained in 10 (71 %) patients five years after surgery. The relative risk of the complete concordance between imaging findings and resected area for five-year seizure freedom was 2.25 in positron emission tomography (PET) and 2.22 in subtraction ictal single-photon emission computed tomography co-registered to MRI (SISCOM), and 1.86 in magnetoencephalography (MEG).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>All the children with MRI-negative focal epilepsy and a history of periodic seizure cycles were turned out to have FCD pathologically, and are good surgical candidates. Favorable seizure outcome can be expected in such patients when resective epilepsy surgery is planned based on presurgical evaluation with PET or SISCOM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use, sleep and mood disturbances among persons with epilepsy – A clinical and polysomnography study from a Canadian tertiary care epilepsy center","authors":"Garima Shukla ,&nbsp;Rishabh Sablok ,&nbsp;Zaitoon Shivji ,&nbsp;Stuart Fogel ,&nbsp;Gavin P. Winston ,&nbsp;Lysa Boissé Lomax ,&nbsp;Ana Johnson ,&nbsp;Helen Driver","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Interest in anti-seizure properties of cannabinoids is increasing, with the rise in prevalence of recreational and medical cannabis use, especially across Canada. In a recent study on people with epilepsy (PWE), cannabis use showed a strong association with poor psychosocial health. Sleep and mood comorbidities are highly prevalent in epilepsy, and are common motivations for cannabis use. The primary objective of this study was to assess demographic, subjective and objectively assessed sleep quality and mood related differences among PWE who regularly use cannabis compared to those who do not.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Consecutive consenting patients with a confirmed epilepsy diagnosis, admitted to our Epilepsy Monitoring Unit, over a 3-year period (2019–2022) were enrolled. Detailed epilepsy-related data and self-reported sleep [Pittsburgh Sleep quality index (PSQI)], Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)], mood [(Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck’s Anxiety inventory (BAI)] and cannabis use related data were collected. Overnight polysomnography (PSG) was conducted on the first night of admission, with simultaneous 18-channel video-EEG. Sleep (PSG) scoring followed American Academy of Sleep Medicine guidelines by a scorer blinded to clinical details.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 51 patients with similar seizure control, 25 (13 F) reported cannabis use (mean age 36.3<u>+</u>14.8 years) and were significantly younger than 26 (18 F) non-users (mean age 48.3<u>+</u>15 years). Cannabis users had significantly better subjective sleep quality (mean PSQI scores 7.2<u>+</u>2.9 vs 10.2<u>+</u>5.2 respectively). Most patients endorsed sleepiness (Cannabis users with ESS scores greater than 10; 91.3 %, 77.3 % in non-users) and moderate to extreme depression (BDI) scores. No significant differences were observed in objective sleep parameters. BDI score significantly predicted PSQI and ESS scores on multiple logistic regression analysis.</div></div><div><h3><strong>Significance</strong></h3><div>Despite a significant age difference, self-reported sleep quality is better among PWE who report regular cannabis use compared to non-users. However, there is no significant difference in objective sleep quantity and quality from PSG between the two groups. Additionally, severity of depressive symptoms is a significant predictor of sleep quality and of excessive daytime sleepiness among PWE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107479"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the late seizures of acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion via monitoring using continuous electroencephalogram","authors":"Naohiro Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Ichiro Kuki ,&nbsp;Naoki Yamada ,&nbsp;Shizuka Nagase-Oikawa ,&nbsp;Masataka Fukuoka ,&nbsp;Kim Kiyohiro ,&nbsp;Takeshi Inoue ,&nbsp;Megumi Nukui ,&nbsp;Junichi Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Kiyoko Amo ,&nbsp;Masao Togawa ,&nbsp;Yasunori Otsuka ,&nbsp;Shin Okazaki","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion (AESD) causes clustered seizures (late seizures; LS) 3–7 days after early seizure (ES); however, few reports provide continuous electroencephalogram (C-EEG) monitoring details. This study aimed to evaluate the initial/last detection date of LS using C-EEG and determine whether LS EEG features correlate with neurological sequelae.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We analyzed 28 patients diagnosed with AESD who underwent C-EEG monitoring between 2015 and 2020. Multiple pediatric neurologists and epileptologists evaluated the LS detection timing, duration, and severity. Based on the evaluated data, we compared the clinical characteristics and LS-induced neurological sequelae between the ESEEG+LS (initiated C-EEG immediately after ES) and LSEEG+LS (initiated C-EEG after LS confirmation) groups. Additionally, we compared LS clinical characteristics and severity between severe and non-severe groups for 15 patients (baseline Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category Scale score &lt;3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LS was detected in 17 of 28 patients. The earliest and latest LS detection dates were 2 and 11 days, respectively, and the longest LS duration was 7 days (median, 0.6 days). Regarding neurological sequelae, the LS duration was markedly longer in the severe group than that in the non-severe group during the distant period. However, LS severity was not associated with neurological sequelae.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the importance of C-EEG as it could aid in the early detection of LS. Neurological sequelae correlated with LS duration but not severity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of hemispherectomy outcome prediction scale in treatment of medically intractable epilepsy","authors":"Ashley M. Howell,&nbsp;Shelly Wang,&nbsp;John Ragheb,&nbsp;Julia Decker,&nbsp;Erik C. Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Hemispherectomy Outcome Prediction Scale (HOPS) was developed to aid both clinicians and patients in determining the chance of success after hemispheric surgery for medically refractory epilepsy. The original study generating HOPS had a multi-institutional, large cohort format yielding near perfect patient stratification. Evidence suggests that methodologies utilized to create such predictive models, including cross-validation as well as stratification utilizing the same data employed for model generation, may be at risk of an undesirable modeling phenomenon known as overfitting. We posed the question of whether overfitting may be influencing HOPS results and aimed for preliminary evidence of external validation with parameters from patients at our institution not included in the original HOPS study. We found HOPS to stratify our limited post-operative cohort adequately. However, the likelihood of complete seizure freedom among the patients predicted by HOPS to be at greatest chance of success was ∼75 %, about 20 points lower than in the original HOPS cohort. This reduction in absolute chance of success predicted by HOPS may represent some degree of overfitting. It will be informative to aim for external validation of HOPS utilizing patient cohorts entirely separate from those used for model generation. External validation of HOPS and similar models could optimize realistic prediction of success after intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers of response to modified Atkins diet in treatment of adults with drug-resistant epilepsy: A proof-of-concept study","authors":"Raquel Samões ,&nbsp;Ana Cavalheiro ,&nbsp;Cristina Santos ,&nbsp;Joana Lopes ,&nbsp;Catarina Teixeira ,&nbsp;Maria Manuel Tavares ,&nbsp;Cláudia Carvalho ,&nbsp;Carolina Lemos ,&nbsp;Paulo Pinho e Costa ,&nbsp;Sara Cavaco ,&nbsp;João Chaves ,&nbsp;Bárbara Leal","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Accurate predictors of response to modified Atkins diet (MAD) are needed. MicroRNAs are potential biomarkers in epilepsy. This study aimed to explore the value of circulating miR-146a, miR-155, miR-22, miR-21 and miR-134 levels in predicting response to MAD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients who completed 3 months of MAD were selected from a prospective cohort of adults with DRE followed in a specialized MAD outpatient clinic. Patients were classified as responders if any reduction in seizure frequency at follow-up, calculated through seizure-calendars). The &gt;50 % seizure reduction cut-off was also explored. Qualitative benefits in seizures and cognition were analysed. Blood samples were collected prior to initiate MAD and microRNAs were quantified by qRT-PCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Thirty-nine patients were included (56 %males, mean age=33.1±8.5yo, 62 %focal epilepsies, 59 %structural aetiology): 20(51 %) were responders [mean reduction in seizure frequency=54 %(17–100 %); 10 had ≥50 % reduction]; 25(64 %) reported qualitative benefit in seizures and 21(54 %) reported cognitive benefits. At pre-treatment baseline, a panel combining serum levels of all studied microRNAs predicted seizure reduction (AUC=0.839, p&lt;0.0001), qualitative benefit in seizures (AUC=0.683, p=0.048) and in cognition (AUC=0.751, p&lt;0.01) at 3months. miR-146a was the only significant microRNA when evaluated in isolation. There was no statistical correlation in the biomarkers when a ≥50 % seizure reduction was compared to &lt;50 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A panel combining pre-treatment serum levels of miR-146a, miR-155, miR-134, miR-21 and miR-22 predicted any reduction in seizures with MAD in adults with DRE at 3months. This panel may be a promising biomarker and a useful tool in the selection of patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Necessary for seizure forecasting outcome metrics: Seizure frequency and benchmark model","authors":"Chi-Yuan Chang ,&nbsp;Boyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Robert Moss ,&nbsp;Rosalind Picard ,&nbsp;M. Brandon Westover ,&nbsp;Daniel Goldenholz","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aims to illustrate the connection between seizure frequency (SF) and performance metrics in seizure forecasting, and to compare the effectiveness of a moving average (MA) model versus the commonly used permutation benchmark.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Metrics of calibration and discrimination were computed for each dataset, comparing MA and permutation performance across SF values. Three datasets were used: (1) self-reported seizure diaries from 3994 Seizure Tracker patients, (2) automatically detected and sometimes manually reported or edited generalized tonic-clonic seizures from 2350 Empatica Embrace 2 and Mate App users, and (3) simulated datasets with varying SFs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most metrics were found to depend on SF. The MA model outperformed or matched the permutation model in all cases. These more advanced metrics show that comparison to permutation will falsely elevate poor forecasting models.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings highlight SF's role in seizure forecasting accuracy and the MA model's suitability as a benchmark. This study underscores the need for considering patient SF in forecasting studies and suggests the MA model may provide a better standard for evaluating future seizure forecasting models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of seizures in neurofibromatosis type 1: A systematic review and single arm meta-analysis","authors":"Fan Wu ,&nbsp;Xinna Ji ,&nbsp;Mengxiao Shen ,&nbsp;Peidi Cheng ,&nbsp;Yanyan Gao ,&nbsp;Wanting Liu ,&nbsp;Jinxiao Chen ,&nbsp;Shuo Feng ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Wu ,&nbsp;Fei Di ,&nbsp;Yunlin Li ,&nbsp;Jianhua Wang ,&nbsp;Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Qian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common neurocutaneous syndrome that predisposes patients to seizures. We aimed to estimate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of seizures in NF1 patients, and analyze prognostic factors of seizures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systematic searches were conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and grey literature databases from inception to April 2024. We identified observational studies that included NF1 patients with seizures. Clinical characteristics of seizures were summarized and meta-analyses of prevalence and outcomes were conducted. We assessed publication bias using funnel plots and conducted sensitivity analysis to assess stability and reliability. Individual patient data were analyzed to evaluate prognostic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen studies were identified from 1021 records. A total of 337 patients with seizures from 4946 NF1 patients were included. Meta-analysis indicated the overall prevalence of seizures in NF1 patients was 8.1 % (95 % CI= 5.9–10.3 %). The first seizure usually occurs in childhood, with a median age range of 3.5–12.0 years. Focal seizures (54.2 %) and generalized tonic-clonic seizures (16.8 %) were the most common types. The seizure freedom rate was 68.5 % (95 % CI= 57.5–79.5 %), mostly with one or two antiseizure medications. Cortical malformation/hippocampus sclerosis emerged as an independent risk factor for persistent seizures (OR=5.19, 95 %CI=1.27–21.18, P=0.02).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Though NF1 patients face a higher risk of seizures than the general population, the majority achieve seizure freedom. Patients with cortical malformation or hippocampus sclerosis were at a higher risk of persistent seizures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of trans 4-butylcyclohexane carboxylic acid (4-BCCA) upon neurodegeneration, oxidative stress related to epileptogenesis in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus","authors":"Deeksha Sharma ,&nbsp;Sudhir Chandra Sarangi ,&nbsp;Surabhi Sinha ,&nbsp;Soumya Sucharita Pattnaik ,&nbsp;Yajnaseni Dash ,&nbsp;Aruna Nambirajan ,&nbsp;Tapas Chandra Nag ,&nbsp;Surender Singh ,&nbsp;Matthew C. Walker","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>4-butylcyclohexane carboxylic acid (4-BCCA), a low-affinity inhibitor of AMPA receptors at the trans-membrane domain have been suggested as potential therapeutic option for epilepsy, but its potential impact on status epilepticus and disease-modification and neurodegeneration following status epilepticus have not been investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study established the effect of 4-BCCA along with standard antiseizure medications (ASMs) [valproate (VPA) and perampanel (PER)] in Li-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus rat model. We first established the effective dose of 4-BCCA in status epilepticus followed by an acute and long-term effect study. Assessments of neurobehaviour (by elevated plus maze and passive avoidance), neurodegeneration [by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemistry in hippocampal slices], total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and neuronal loss [by neuron specific enolase (NSE) in cerebral tissue] were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>4-BCCA at 200 mg/kg. i.p. was found to be an effective dose and in comparison, to other ASMs it showed better seizure control in terms of latency and number of stage 3/4 seizures. PER group and 4-BCCA+PER showed better memory retention but without significant difference among the drug-treated groups. In TEM, 4-BCCA+PER and 4-BCCA+VPA group showed less nucleus and cytoplasmic changes. In immunohistochemistry 4-BCCA, PER and combination groups showed better neuronal viability. 4-BCCA+ PER showed higher TAC and lower NSE level.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>4-BCCA alone and its combination with ASMs especially perampanel in status epilepticus model in rats showed better seizure control and neuroprotection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 107471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A universal method for seizure onset zone localization in focal epilepsy using standard deviation of spike amplitude","authors":"Xiang Ji ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Dang ,&nbsp;Ming Song ,&nbsp;Aijun Liu ,&nbsp;Hulin Zhao ,&nbsp;Tianzi Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2024.107475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Precisely localizing the seizure onset zone (SOZ) is critical for focal epilepsy surgery. Existing methods mainly focus on high-frequency activities in stereo-electroencephalography, but often fail when seizures are not driven by high-frequency activities. Recognized as biomarkers of epileptic seizures, ictal spikes in SOZ induce epileptiform discharges in other brain regions. Based on this understanding, we aim to develop a universal algorithm to localize SOZ and investigate how ictal spikes within the SOZ induce seizures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We proposed a novel metric called standard deviation of spike amplitude (SDSA) and utilized channel-averaged SDSA to describe seizure processes and detect seizures. By integrating SDSA values in specific intervals, the score for each channel located within SOZ was calculated. Channels with high SOZ scores were clustered as SOZ. The localization accuracy was asserted using area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Further, we analyzed early ictal signals from SOZ channels and investigated factors influencing their duration to reveal the seizure inducing conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We analyzed data from 15 patients with focal epilepsy. The channel-averaged SDSA successfully detected all 28 seizures without false alarms. Using SDSA integration, we achieved precise SOZ localization with an average area under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.96, significantly outperforming previous methods based on high-frequency activities. Further, we discovered that energy of ictal spikes in SOZ was concentrated at a specific frequency distributed in [6, 12 Hz]. Additionally, we found that the higher the energy per second in this frequency band, the faster ictal spikes could induce seizures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The SDSA metric offered precise SOZ localization with robustness and low computational cost, making it suitable for clinical practice. By studying the propagation patterns of ictal spikes between the SOZ and non-SOZ, we suggest that ictal spikes from SOZ need to accumulate energy at a specific central frequency to induce epileptic spikes in non-SOZ, which may have significant implications for understanding the seizure onset pattern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11914,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy Research","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 107475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}