Epilepsy & Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Role of specific interictal and ictal EEG onset patterns","authors":"Christoph Baumgartner ,&nbsp;Jakob Baumgartner ,&nbsp;Christina Duarte ,&nbsp;Clemens Lang ,&nbsp;Tamara Lisy ,&nbsp;Johannes P. Koren","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this review is to present the role of specific interictal and ictal EEG onset patterns during scalp video-EEG monitoring. Specific non-epileptiform abnormalities include temporal intermittent rhythmic delta activity (TIRDA) and temporal intermittent rhythmic theta activity (TIRTA) indicating a temporal lobe seizure onset, while interictal rhythmical midline theta activity occurs more frequently in frontal epilepsy. Specific interictal epileptiform abnormalities comprise Type 1 spikes pointing towards a mesial and Type 2<!--> <!-->spikes indicating a lateral temporal irritative zone. Unilateral temporal interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are predictive for a good surgical seizure outcome in temporal lobe epilepsy. Small sharp spikes (SSS) named Benign Epileptiform Transients of Sleep (BETS) in the past represent scalp EEG markers of hippocampal epileptic activity. While the localizing value of IEDs in extratemporal epilepsies is often limited, a consistently localized spike focus predicts a good surgical seizure outcome in non-lesional extratemporal patients. A specific ictal EEG pattern for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy consists of a 5–9 Hz rhythmic temporal activity which also predicts a good surgical outcome. In extratemporal epilepsies, ictal scalp EEG frequently is non-localized. Concerning the correspondence of ictal scalp-EEG and intracranial EEG (iEEG) patterns there is no simple one-to-one relationship. Scalp-EEG and iEEG patterns correspond closer to each other when there is no delay between clinical and scalp-EEG onset. Paroxysmal fast activity on scalp-EEG matches with low-voltage fast activity on iEEG. Repetitive epileptiform discharges on scalp EEG indicate an underlying focal cortical dysplasia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 110298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143290578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What contributes to recovery in the long term? Young people’s experiences with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES)","authors":"Hilde Nordahl Karterud,&nbsp;Merete Tschamper,&nbsp;Siv Bækkelund,&nbsp;Oliver Henning,&nbsp;Morten I. Lossius","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim was to explore young people’s experiences with PNES 2–9 years post-discharge from a multidisciplinary epilepsy center. We were particularly interested in their understanding of the underlying causes of their seizures, and the factors that may have contributed to their recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 52 patients with PNES participated in a telephone interview. The mean age was 20.9 years (range: 16–28 years), and 45 (87 %) were women. The patients had received psychoeducation from a multidisciplinary team during a 2–4 week inpatient stay at our hospital between 2012 and 2020. We qualitatively analyzed the data using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After a mean of 4.7 years (ranging from 2–9 years) post-hospital discharge, 90.4 % (47/52) of the participants were able to identify underlying stressors for the seizures. The cumulative burden of physical, social, and psychological stressors was considered overwhelming and was attributed to causing seizures, especially among those under 18. Elder participants were more likely to believe the seizures were related to one or more past traumas. Overall, a lower level of anxiety and stress was perceived essential for achieving seizure control. Four key factors were identified as crucial to the recovery process: 1) psychoeducation; 2) reduction in psychosocial stressors; 3) establishing good everyday routines; and 4) professional treatment, such as trauma therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A low level of anxiety and stress was found to be crucial for the recovery process. The study suggests that psychoeducation, stress management assistance, and practical facilitation in everyday life should all be components of the standard therapy for young individuals with PNES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 110281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143291669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between anxiety and quality of life among people with epilepsy: The mediating effect of depression","authors":"Liuxiang Wei ,&nbsp;Yuan Lv ,&nbsp;DingYue Peng ,&nbsp;Mei Liang ,&nbsp;Dongdong Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Gan ,&nbsp;Jiaofeng Deng ,&nbsp;Xianghua He ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Ni ,&nbsp;Caiyou Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The interactions of anxiety, depression, and the quality of life (QOL) in people with epilepsy (PWE) are unclear. This research aimed to explore how anxiety and depression interact to influence QOL.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The QOL, anxiety and depression of 1162 PWE were investigated via questionnaires and 849 of PWE were finally used in the statistical analyses. Mediation analysis was conducted to analyzed the mediating effect of depression in the relationship between anxiety and QOL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>849 PWE with a mean age of 46.62 ± 14.01 (range, 18–85) years were included finally, and 61.2 % were male. Mediation analysis revealed that depression indirectly mediated the relationship between anxiety and QOL (B = -0.445, bootstrap 95 % CI = −0.497 to −0.394). On the total score and the six out of seven domains of QOLIE-31 (seizure worry, overall QOL, emotional well-being, energy/fatigue, cognitive function, and social function), the indirect effect of depression (range, 51.0 %-68.9 %) are exceeded the direct effect of anxiety. Concerning the “medication effect”, the indirect effect (36.0 %) of depression is smaller.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The effect of anxiety on QOL is mainly explained by the partial mediation of depression. Specifically, anxiety primarily affects QOL through the effect of depression on the total QOL score and the other six domains. However, the direct effect of anxiety was stronger for the medication effect domain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 110274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143223750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey on the current status of transportation travel among people with epilepsy in China","authors":"Huibin Wu ,&nbsp;Jinxue Tang ,&nbsp;N.U. Farrukh Hameed ,&nbsp;Xunyi Wu ,&nbsp;Shi Wang ,&nbsp;Yanwen Xu ,&nbsp;Yuncan Chen ,&nbsp;Ye Xu ,&nbsp;Fengjiao Liao ,&nbsp;Rui Feng ,&nbsp;Dongyan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In China, motor vehicles and non-motorized vehicles (bicycles or e-bikes) are the most common modes of transportation. However, individuals with epilepsy may face significant challenges and barriers when using these modes of transportation. This study aims to assess the current status and challenges faced by people with epilepsy in terms of transportation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From September 2022 to September 2023, a cohort of patients with a previous diagnosis of epilepsy was invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire during their visit to Huashan Hospital, Fudan University. The questionnaire focused on understanding the transportation habits of Chinese patients with epilepsy, their perceptions regarding travel, and their specific transportation needs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 243 patients participated in the study. Of those, 86 (35.3 %) patients used motor vehicles as one of their main modes of transportation and 133 (54.7 %) patients used non-motorized vehicles as one of their primary modes of transportation. Additionally, 117 (48.1 %) patients reported being aware of laws pertaining to transportation for individuals with epilepsy, primarily through the Internet and consultations with their healthcare providers. Patients with fewer seizures per year were more likely to travel primarily use motor vehicles (RR = 1.364, 95 % CI:1.139–1.633, <strong><em>p &lt; 0.001</em></strong>), and those who were aware of the epilepsy-related transportation laws were less likely to use motor vehicles (RR = 0.644, 95 % CI:0.462–0.898, <strong><em>p = 0.010</em></strong>).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In China, both motor vehicles and non-motorized vehicles are commonly used by individuals with epilepsy. However, people with epilepsy still do not have enough knowledge about the relevant laws, so the advocacy of medical professionals may make an important contribution to improve the legal knowledge of patients and promote traffic safety. Furthermore, the social issue of individuals with epilepsy driving non-motorized vehicles warrants further investigation, encompassing medical, legal, infrastructure, and public policy perspectives to ensure the safety and mobility of patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 110283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of intrathecal rituximab in autoimmune epilepsy: A retrospective study","authors":"Christina Wombles ,&nbsp;Emilyn Ballard ,&nbsp;Holly Skinner ,&nbsp;Angel Claudio ,&nbsp;Ki Hyeong Lee ,&nbsp;Mahammed Z. Khan Suheb ,&nbsp;Okorie Okorie ,&nbsp;Amay Parikh ,&nbsp;Raad Bassel ,&nbsp;Elakkat D. Gireesh","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2025.110280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a significant challenge in neurological practice, often proving refractory to conventional treatments. It typically manifests with recurrent seizures or status epilepticus, necessitating early diagnosis and tailored therapy for optimal outcomes. Early institution of effective treatment has been reported to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with this condition. A subpopulation presenting with acute seizures due to autoimmune encephalitis later develop chronic epilepsy, which can be refractory to conventional modes of treatments. In addition, there is a group of chronic epilepsy patients who did not have acute symptomatic seizures who have autoimmune antibodies suggesting an immunological origin of their seizures. This study aims at evaluating the use of rituximab administered intrathecally, for treating these patients, taking pharmacodynamic properties into account.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of intrathecal rituximab (ITR) in 15 patients with autoimmune-related epilepsy (9 of them with acute presentation with seizures and 6 with chronic intractable epilepsy). The nature of these seizures, laboratory findings, imaging and EEG findings were compared over the course of treatment and follow up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant long term side effects related to administration of ITR were noted in the 15 patients reported in this series. Improvement was noted in seizure control in the majority of the patients, especially in the acute presentation category, although definitive conclusions about efficacy could not be made since these patients were also receiving additional modes of therapies. Better seizure control was noted in all patients in 12 months follow up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings underscore the safety of intrathecal rituximab in treating autoimmune-related status epilepticus and refractory epilepsy related to autoimmune etiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 110280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of problem-based learning on stigma toward epilepsy among medical students: An intervention verification study","authors":"Yuto Arai ,&nbsp;Tohru Okanishi ,&nbsp;Yuko Nakamura ,&nbsp;Kento Ohta ,&nbsp;Masaru Ueki ,&nbsp;Izumi Kuramochi ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Maegaki","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Stigma toward epilepsy is widespread not only among the general population but also among healthcare professionals. Therefore, the necessity of providing educational opportunities for epilepsy from an early stage in student education has been emphasized. Recently, problem-based learning (PBL) has gained importance in higher education, with reports indicating that it not only enhances knowledge but also reduces stigma.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an epilepsy-related problem-based learning (E-PBL) program on medical students’ stigma toward epilepsy. Additionally, we assessed whether the E-PBL program improved medical students’ knowledge of epilepsy.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Participants were fourth-year medical students. The E-PBL program was conducted over 5 days, from July 3, 2023 to July 7, 2023. The outcomes included the Japanese version of the Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy (PATE-J) scale, which was used to assess stigma toward epilepsy before and after the E-PBL program. We also administered a short, structured questionnaire to assess participants’ knowledge of epilepsy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 112 students were examined. The total PATE-J score was significantly lower after E-PBL (median: 18; interquartile range [IQR]: 14–20) than before PBL (median: 19; IQR: 16–23) (<em>p</em> = 0.013). Additionally, the number of correct responses to the short, structured questionnaire after the E-PBL program was significantly higher than before the program (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>E-PBL programs have the potential to decrease stigma toward epilepsy while enhancing knowledge about epilepsy among medical students. E-PBL represents a novel educational approach for medical students in the context of epilepsy education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 110200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of polytherapy and psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy","authors":"Mercy A. Odhiambo ,&nbsp;Gilbert K. Kaingu ,&nbsp;Maria Mumbo ,&nbsp;Karin Kipper ,&nbsp;Josemir W. Sander ,&nbsp;Charles R.J.C. Newton ,&nbsp;Symon M. Kariuki ,&nbsp;on behalf of the EPInA investigators","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Managing epilepsy may require using more than one anti-seizure medication (ASM). While combination therapy may help, risks, including psychiatric problems, are not fully explored in Africa. We examined the relationship between polytherapy and psychiatric comorbidities among attendees of an epilepsy community clinic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We prospectively assessed individuals attending an outpatient clinic in Kilifi, Kenya, for patterns of ASM prescribing (mono- or polytherapy) and reviewed psychiatric diagnoses. We used the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire Version 9 to assess for psychosis and depression, and the Child Behavior Checklist to assess for emotional and behavioural problems. We conducted a cross-sectional logistic regression analysis to determine factors associated with polytherapy and examine the impact of polytherapy and specific medication on psychiatric comorbidities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 3,016 attendees, most were on older ASM (99.7 %), with about a third (32.9 %) on polytherapy. The most commonly co-administered drugs were phenobarbital and carbamazepine (13.0 %). Children were less likely to be on multiple medications than adults, and there was no difference between the sexes. Polytherapy was associated with focal to bilateralised seizures (aOR 1.2 [95 % confidence interval:1.0–1.4]) and frequent seizures (aOR = 2.1 [1.5–2.9]). Combining drugs increased the likelihood of any psychiatric problems (aOR = 1.3 [1.0–1.8]), with polytherapy associated with depression (aOR = 2.9 [1.0–8.4]) and psychosis (aOR = 1.9 (1.0–3.6)).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Polytherapy, especially with older drugs, is associated with psychiatric comorbidities in this population. Resorting to polytherapy needs to be carefully considered. Prioritizing research into the long-term effects of ASM on psychiatric comorbidities is crucial for improving mental health outcomes in epilepsy, particularly in low-income settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 110215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7617250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for depression in patients with epilepsy","authors":"Zheng Yan Ran Xu ,&nbsp;Jia Jia Fang ,&nbsp;Xiao Qin Fan ,&nbsp;Long Long Xu ,&nbsp;Gui Fang Jin ,&nbsp;Mei Hua Lei ,&nbsp;Yu Fei Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Biao Liu ,&nbsp;Fang Dong ,&nbsp;Lu Rong Jiang ,&nbsp;Yi Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) for treating mild to moderate depression in patients with epilepsy (PWE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A single-arm, prospective, multi-center, pre-post controlled study was conducted in Eastern China. After a four-week baseline period, PWE with mild to moderate depression began treatment with taVNS, administered for 30 min, three times daily, over a 12-week period. The primary outcome measure was the change in 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores from baseline to week 12. Secondary outcomes included the response and remission rates for depression at week 12, as well as changes in the 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31) scores, and seizure frequency at weeks 4 and 12 compared to baseline. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded to assess the safety of taVNS. Both modified Intention-To-Treat (mITT) and Per-Protocol (PP) analyses were employed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-nine participants were enrolled in this study. Of these, 61 (88.4 %) completed the 4-week treatment phase, and 50 (72.5 %) finished the 12-week treatment phase. In the mITT analysis, HAMD scores significantly decreased by 4.54 ± 7.44 (p &lt; 0.001) from baseline to week 12, with clinical response in 16 (26.2 %) and remission in 15 (24.6 %) patients. HAMA scores also decreased significantly by week 4 (3.23 ± 5.18, p &lt; 0.001) and week 12 (4.95 ± 6.78, p &lt; 0.001). PSQI scores and seizure frequency showed non-significant changes at week 4, but seizure frequency decreased significantly by week 12 (0.03 ± 10.47, p = 0.038). In the PP analysis, similar improvements were observed. After 12 weeks of taVNS compared to baseline, HAMD scores decreased significantly by 5.32 ± 8.98 (p &lt; 0.001), with 32 % of patients achieving a clinical response and 24 % achieving clinical remission. And HAMA scores also decreased by 5.66 ± 7.54 (p &lt; 0.001), seizure frequency by 0.14 ± 11.03 (p = 0.018), and PSQI scores by 1.06 ± 4.14 (p = 0.076).There was a significant increase in QOLIE-31 scores by 5.17 ± 14.71 (p = 0.020). Ten (14.5 %) patients experienced non-serious adverse events, the most common of which was ear pain (n = 4); one patient withdrew due to tinnitus enhancement; all resolved after reducing the stimulation intensity or stopping the treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study suggests that taVNS may effectively improve depressive symptoms in PWE. This may be an efficacious and safe treatment for mild to moderate depression in PWE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 110226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related semiology changes over time","authors":"Anthony Fine,&nbsp;Katherine Nickels","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how seizure semiology changes with age is essential to determine the seizure onset zone. Epilepsy can be considered the prototypical neurologic disorder for demonstrating age-related changes over time. The maturational changes that occur in the brain over the lifespan demonstrate themselves most clearly through semiologic changes. Due to the immaturity of the neonatal brain, seizure recognition is challenging. Electroclinical seizures are classified as motor, non-motor, sequential, or unclassified and are typically focal in onset. During infancy, the most common seizure types are epileptic spasms, myoclonic, tonic, atonic, clonic, and hypomotor/behavioral arrest seizures. Correlation between seizure semiology and localization of seizure onset zone can be variable. The most observed seizure types in preschool-aged children are generalized myoclonic, generalized tonic, focal tonic, or clonic seizures. Many of the epileptic encephalopathies present at this age. Ictal behaviors continue to be limited, but lateralizing motor manifestations during focal seizures are better developed compared to infants. In school-aged children, the most common seizure types involve change in awareness. Seizure semiology at this age resembles that of adults, with increasing number and complexity of seizure components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 110185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of familiarity and knowledge about epilepsy on associated cultural stereotypes in French society","authors":"Sophie Hennion ,&nbsp;Valentyn Fournier ,&nbsp;Philippe Derambure ,&nbsp;Gérald Delelis ,&nbsp;Loris Schiaratura","doi":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People with epilepsy face stigma that impacts numerous aspects of their daily lives. Although the stigma surrounding people with epilepsy has been extensively documented, the mechanisms underlying it—such as cultural stereotypes—remain to be explored. Cultural stereotypes are widely shared beliefs within a cultural context about attributes typically associated with members of a particular group. This study, conducted within French society, has two primary objectives: 1) to define the content of cultural stereotypes associated with people suffering from epilepsy and 2) to examine how familiarity and knowledge about epilepsy influence these stereotypes.</div><div>To explore these stereotypes, a free association task was conducted across three cultural groups (n = 96): (1) the general population, with low familiarity and knowledge about epilepsy (n = 39); (2) healthcare professionals without epilepsy specialization, who have more familiarity and knowledge than the general population (n = 38); and (3) healthcare professionals specialized in epilepsy, who have the highest familiarity and knowledge of the three groups (n = 29). All participants held higher education qualifications to ensure a more homogeneous socio-cultural background across groups. Using the software program “IraMuTeQ”, we analyzed the diversity of terms each group associated with “people with epilepsy.” Additionally, we examined the valence and typicality of cultural stereotypes in each group.</div><div>The results reveal that, regardless of familiarity and knowledge levels, cultural stereotypes linked to epilepsy are generally negative. Across the entire sample, the most prototypical associations with people with epilepsy included “madness,” “possession,” “tongue,” and “intellectual deficiency.” The general population shares some cultural stereotypes with non-specialized healthcare professionals (e.g., “photosensitivity”), while non-specialized professionals share other associations with specialized healthcare professionals (e.g., “intellectual deficiency” and “mental illness”). However, no overlap was found between the cultural stereotypes of the general population and those of healthcare professionals specialized in epilepsy. Stereotypes related to epilepsy appear to be less typical among healthcare professionals compared to the general population. This distinction between cultural stereotypes and personal beliefs is further discussed below. Considering cultural stereotypes may allow for more tailored and effective interventions to reduce epilepsy-related stigma by addressing specific socio-cultural groups. Further research within a cross-cultural approach is recommended to deepen these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11847,"journal":{"name":"Epilepsy & Behavior","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 110216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}