Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Utilizing Omics Data for Chemical Grouping","authors":"Mark R. Viant, Rosemary E. Barnett, Bruno Campos, John K. Colbourne, Marianne Barnard, Adam D. Biales, Mark T. D. Cronin, Kellie A. Fay, Kara Koehrn, Helen F. McGarry, Magdalini Sachana, Geoff Hodges","doi":"10.1002/etc.5959","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5959","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Historically, regulatory decisions on the safety of chemicals to both humans and the environment have relied primarily on the availability of in vivo toxicity data to inform hazard and ultimately risk assessment. However, increasing recognition of the benefits of more mechanistically based scientific understanding, together with changing ethical and societal concerns, are driving the development of new approach methodologies (NAMs) that can support robust safety decision-making without animal testing. Grouping and read-across (G/RAx) is one of the most commonly used alternative approaches to animal testing in chemical risk assessment for filling data gaps with existing in vivo toxicity data (European Chemicals Agency [ECHA], <span>n.d</span>.; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD], <span>2017a</span>). As such, it exemplifies the efficient use of existing data and in some cases new nonanimal data. For example, under REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals regulation) Annex XI, information from one or more analogous (or “source”) chemicals can be used to predict missing endpoint data for one or more “target” chemicals (European Commission, <span>2006</span>). With approximately 100,000 chemicals listed on the European inventory (ECHA, <span>2023</span>) and approximately 85,000 chemicals listed in the US Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) inventory (<span>2024a</span>), the use of G/RAx (described as chemical “categories” under the TSCA; USEPA, <span>2010</span>) is becoming an increasingly viewed option for addressing regulatory requirements for filling data gaps in chemical safety dossiers for human health and environmental endpoints. Furthermore, grouping of chemicals can facilitate other hazard-assessment practices, for example, the harmonized classification of multiple substances within a group in accordance with the classification, labeling, and packaging regulation (Swedish Chemicals Agency, <span>2020</span>).</p><p>There are numerous approaches for defining groups of chemicals, most often based on chemical similarity (Patlewicz et al., <span>2018</span>). Notable examples in a regulatory context include the approach documented in the ECHA Read-Across Assessment Framework (RAAF; ECHA, <span>2017</span>), supporting REACH, and within the TSCA (USEPA, <span>2010</span>). These existing schemes are traditionally and primarily based on firstly grouping “source” and “target” chemicals into categories based on structural and other physicochemical parameters and, secondly, reading across existing toxicity data (i.e., an apical endpoint) from one or more “source” chemical(s) to predict the toxicity of one or more “target” chemical(s). However, most grouping dossiers still fail to incorporate and utilize absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME)/toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic similarities, with the strong reliance on structu","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2094-2104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/etc.5959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Biological Activity and Metabolomics Insights: Primary Screening of Cyanobacterial Biomass from a Tropical Reservoir","authors":"Rhuana Valdetário Médice,&nbsp;Renan Silva Arruda,&nbsp;Jaewon Yoon,&nbsp;Ricardo Moreira Borges,&nbsp;Natália Pessoa Noyma,&nbsp;Miquel Lürling,&nbsp;Camila Manoel Crnkovic,&nbsp;Marcelo Manzi Marinho,&nbsp;Ernani Pinto","doi":"10.1002/etc.5962","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5962","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms can pose risks to ecosystems and human health worldwide due to their capacity to produce natural toxins. The potential dangers associated with numerous metabolites produced by cyanobacteria remain unknown. Only select classes of cyanopeptides have been extensively studied with the aim of yielding substantial evidence regarding their toxicity, resulting in their inclusion in risk management and water quality regulations. Information about exposure concentrations, co-occurrence, and toxic impacts of several cyanopeptides remains largely unexplored. We used liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)-based metabolomic methods associated with chemometric tools (NP Analyst and Data Fusion-based Discovery), as well as an acute toxicity essay, in an innovative approach to evaluate the association of spectral signatures and biological activity from natural cyanobacterial biomass collected in a eutrophic reservoir in southeastern Brazil. Four classes of cyanopeptides were revealed through metabolomics: microcystins, microginins, aeruginosins, and cyanopeptolins. The bioinformatics tools showed high bioactivity correlation scores for compounds of the cyanopeptolin class (0.54), in addition to microcystins (0.54–0.58). These results emphasize the pressing need for a comprehensive evaluation of the (eco)toxicological risks associated with different cyanopeptides, considering their potential for exposure. Our study also demonstrated that the combined use of LC–MS/MS-based metabolomics and chemometric techniques for ecotoxicological research can offer a time-efficient strategy for mapping compounds with potential toxicological risk. <i>Environ Toxicol Chem</i> 2024;43:2222–2231. © 2024 SETAC</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2222-2231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoremediation Potential of Azolla filiculoides: Uptake and Toxicity of Seven Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) at Environmentally Relevant Water Concentrations","authors":"Gina Lintern,&nbsp;Alan G. Scarlett,&nbsp;Marthe Monique Gagnon,&nbsp;John Leeder,&nbsp;Aydin Amhet,&nbsp;Damian C. Lettoof,&nbsp;Victor O. Leshyk,&nbsp;Alexandra Bujak,&nbsp;Jonathan Bujak,&nbsp;Kliti Grice","doi":"10.1002/etc.5967","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5967","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Environmental contamination of aquatic systems by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has generated significant health concerns. Remediation of contaminated sites such as the fire-fighting emergency training grounds that use aqueous film-forming foams is a high priority. Phytoremediation may help play a part in removing PFAS from such contaminated waters. We investigated the potential of the water fern <i>Azolla filiculoides</i>, which is used for phytoremediation of a wide range of contaminants, to uptake seven common PFAS (perfluorobutanoic acid [PFBA], perfluorobutane sulfonic acid [PFBS], perfluoroheptanoic acid [PFHpA], perfluorohexanoic acid [PFHxA], perfluorohexane sulfonic acid [PFHxS], perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA], and perfluoropentanoic acid [PFPeA]), during a 12-day exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations delivered as equimolar mixtures: low (∑PFAS = 0.0123 ± 1.89 μmol L⁻¹), medium (∑PFAS = 0.123 ± 2.88 μmol L⁻¹), and high (∑PFAS = 1.39 μmol L⁻¹) treatments, equivalent to approximately 5, 50, and 500 µg L⁻¹ total PFAS, respectively. The possible phytotoxic effects of PFAS were measured at 3-day intervals using chlorophyll <i>a</i> content, photosystem II efficiency (<i>F</i>_v/<i>F</i>_m), performance index, and specific growth rate. The PFAS concentrations in plant tissue and water were also measured every 3 days using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry. Treatments with PFAS did not lead to any detectable phytotoxic effects. All seven PFAS were detected in plant tissue, with the greatest uptake occurring during the first 6 days of exposure. After 12 days of exposure, a maximum bioconcentration factor was recorded for PFBA of 1.30 and a minimum of 0.192 for PFBS. Consequently, the application of <i>Azolla</i> spp. as a stand-alone system for phytoremediation of PFAS in aquatic environments is not sufficient to substantially reduce PFAS concentrations. <i>Environ Toxicol Chem</i> 2024;43:2157–2168. © 2024 The Author(s). <i>Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry</i> published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2157-2168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/etc.5967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor–Mediated Effects of Aromatic Sensitizers in Paper Recycling Effluent Employing Zebrafish Embryos and in Silico Docking","authors":"Kazuki Takeda,&nbsp;Aoi Sarata,&nbsp;Masanori Terasaki,&nbsp;Akira Kubota,&nbsp;Keita Shimizu,&nbsp;Ryo Kamata","doi":"10.1002/etc.5969","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5969","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aromatic sensitizers and related substances (SRCs), which are crucial in the paper industry for facilitating color-forming and color-developing chemical reactions, inadvertently contaminate effluents during paper recycling. Owing to their structural resemblance to endocrine-disrupting aromatic organic compounds, concerns have arisen about potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms. We focused on SRC effects via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), employing molecular docking simulations and zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) embryo exposure assessments. Molecular docking revealed heightened binding affinities between certain SRCs in the paper recycling effluents and zebrafish Ahr2 and human AHR, which are pivotal components in the SRC toxicity mechanism. Fertilized zebrafish eggs were exposed to SRCs for up to 96 h post fertilization; among these substances, benzyl 2-naphthyl ether (BNE) caused morphological abnormalities, such as pericardial edema and shortened body length, at relatively low concentrations (1 μM) during embryogenesis. Gene expression of cytochrome P450 1A (<i>cyp1a</i>) and <i>ahr2</i> was also significantly increased by BNE. Co-exposure to the AHR antagonist CH-223191 only partially mitigated BNE's phenotypic effects, despite the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin being relatively well restored by CH-223191, indicating BNE's AHR-independent toxic mechanisms. Furthermore, some SRCs, including BNE, exhibited in silico binding affinity to the estrogen receptor and upregulation of <i>cyp19a1b</i> gene expression. Therefore, additional insights into the toxicity of SRCs and their mechanisms are essential. The present results provide important information on SRCs and other papermaking chemicals that could help minimize the environmental impact of the paper industry. <i>Environ Toxicol Chem</i> 2024;43:2176–2188. © 2024 SETAC</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2176-2188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers at the Individual and Biochemical Level: Effects of Pure and Formulated Lambda-Cyhalothrin in Boana pulchella Tadpoles (Duméril and Bibron, 1841)","authors":"Evelina Barreto,&nbsp;Jorgelina Villanova,&nbsp;Carolina Parra,&nbsp;Manuel Flores,&nbsp;Carolina Salgado Costa,&nbsp;Cecilia Lascano,&nbsp;Guillermo Natale,&nbsp;Andrés Venturino","doi":"10.1002/etc.5961","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5961","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We compared the effects of lambda-cyhalothrin as the pure active ingredient and as a formulated product (Zero®), on the larval stage of the autochthonous species <i>Boana pulchella</i>. We evaluated ecotoxicological endpoints, behavioral and developmental alterations, and the biochemical detoxifying, neurotoxic, and oxidative stress responses, covering a wide concentration range from environmental to high application levels. Both pyrethroid preparations displayed similar ecotoxicity (median lethal concentration of ~0.5 mg/L), with the lethal effect of Zero® being more pronounced than that of the active ingredient. Sublethal behavioral alterations in natatory activity were observed at 1000 times lower concentrations, indicating the ecological hazard of tadpole exposure to this pyrethroid at environmentally relevant concentrations. Biochemical endpoints in <i>B. pulchella</i> larvae showed significant responses to lambda-cyhalothrin in the ng/L range; these responses were different for the pure or the formulated product, and they were variable at higher concentrations. Principal components analysis confirmed the prevalence of biochemical responses as early endpoints at the lowest lambda-cyhalothrin concentrations; the Integrated Biomarker Response Index proportionally increased with pyrethroid concentration in a similar way for the pure and the formulated products. We conclude that lambda-cyhalothrin is of concern from an environmental perspective, with particular emphasis on autochthonous anuran development. The battery of biochemical biomarkers included in our study showed a consistent integrated biomarker response, indicating that this is a potent tool for monitoring impacts on amphibians. <i>Environ Toxicol Chem</i> 2024;43:2134–2144. © 2024 SETAC</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2134-2144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Quantitative Adverse Outcome Pathway for Embryonic Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor of Fishes by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Leading to Decreased Fecundity at Adulthood","authors":"Jon A. Doering,&nbsp;Justin Dubiel,&nbsp;Eric Stock,&nbsp;Cameron H. Collins,&nbsp;Ian Frick,&nbsp;Hunter M. Johnson,&nbsp;Christopher M. Lowrey-Dufour,&nbsp;Justin G. P. Miller,&nbsp;Zhe Xia,&nbsp;Gregg T. Tomy,&nbsp;Steve Wiseman","doi":"10.1002/etc.5964","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5964","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quantitative adverse outcome pathways (qAOPs) describe the response–response relationships that link the magnitude and/or duration of chemical interaction with a specific molecular target to the probability and/or severity of the resulting apical-level toxicity of regulatory relevance. The present study developed the first qAOP for latent toxicities showing that early life exposure adversely affects health at adulthood. Specifically, a qAOP for embryonic activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (AHR2) of fishes by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) leading to decreased fecundity of females at adulthood was developed by building on existing qAOPs for (1) activation of the AHR leading to early life mortality in birds and fishes, and (2) inhibition of cytochrome P450 aromatase activity leading to decreased fecundity in fishes. Using zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio</i>) as a model species and benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene as a model PAH, three linked quantitative relationships were developed: (1) plasma estrogen in adult females as a function of embryonic exposure, (2) plasma vitellogenin in adult females as a function of plasma estrogen, and (3) fecundity of adult females as a function of plasma vitellogenin. A fourth quantitative relationship was developed for early life mortality as a function of sensitivity to activation of the AHR2 in a standardized in vitro AHR transactivation assay to integrate toxic equivalence calculations that would allow prediction of effects of exposure to untested PAHs. The accuracy of the predictions from the resulting qAOP were evaluated using experimental data from zebrafish exposed as embryos to another PAH, benzo[<i>k</i>]fluoranthene. The qAOP developed in the present study demonstrates the potential of the AOP framework in enabling consideration of latent toxicities in quantitative ecological risk assessments and regulatory decision-making. <i>Environ Toxicol Chem</i> 2024;43:2145–2156. © 2024 SETAC</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2145-2156"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trifluoroacetic Acid in the Environment: Consensus, Gaps, and Next Steps","authors":"Mark L. Hanson,&nbsp;Sasha Madronich,&nbsp;Keith Solomon,&nbsp;Mads P. Sulbaek Andersen,&nbsp;Timothy J. Wallington","doi":"10.1002/etc.5963","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5963","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;There is ongoing debate about the sources, fate, toxicity, and, ultimately, the ecological risk posed by trifluoroacetic acid (TFA; Brunn et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Joudan et al., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;; Madronich et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;; Scheringer et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). The debate is sparked in part by TFA's persistence; ubiquity in the environment, especially aquatic ecosystems; and increasing concentrations globally. This Point of Reference provides an overview of the current science, including a distillation of which topics have significant uncertainty or ongoing debate, and suggests the next steps to move our collective understanding of the potential ecological impact of TFA forward.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There is broad scientific consensus on the following: TFA is a short-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid that contains a single −CF&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; moiety bound to a carboxyl functional group, is a strong acid with a negative base-10 logarithm of the acid dissociation constant (pKa) of 0.3, and is completely miscible with water. It is an atmospheric degradation product of some ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) replacements, including several hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs). These compounds produce TFA through hydrolysis of acyl halides, for example, CF&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;CFO (trifluoroacetyl fluoride; Wallington et al., &lt;span&gt;1994&lt;/span&gt;), or via secondary photochemistry of trifluoroacetaldehyde (CF&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;CHO; Sulbaek Andersen et al., &lt;span&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;). Once in the environment, TFA has no obvious or significant pathway of degradation and will be deprotonated as its freely dissolved salt that will move with flowing water and accumulate in terminal (endorheic) water bodies, especially marine systems (Boutonnet et al., &lt;span&gt;1999&lt;/span&gt;). The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel of the United Nations Environment Programme has routinely assessed global contributions of TFA from replacement CFC gases under the purview of the Montreal Protocol. It is estimated that between 2020 and the year 2100, 31.5 to 51.9 Tg of TFA (acid equivalent) will be produced from the atmospheric degradation of CFC replacement gases. Simplified models show that deposition to the ocean would increase the concentration of TFA from a nominal value of 200 ng L&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; (acid equivalent) in 2020 to 736 to 1058 ng L&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; (as Na salt) if uptake is limited to the epipelagic zone (top 200 m of the ocean) or 266 to 284 ng L&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; (as Na salt) if distributed throughout the ocean (Madronich et al., &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;). The salts of TFA are not toxic to aquatic and terrestrial organisms at these environmental concentrations (Berends et al., &lt;span&gt;1999&lt;/span&gt;; Boutonnet et al., &lt;span&gt;1999&lt;/span&gt;; Figure 1). Because of its physicochemical properties such as high water solubility and low log octanol–water partition coefficient, TFA is unlikely to accumulate in biota (Boutonnet et al., &lt;span&gt;1999&lt;/span&gt;; Madronich e","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2091-2093"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/etc.5963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and Environmental Risk Assessment of Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Brazilian Surface Waters","authors":"Thiessa M. A. Oliveira,&nbsp;Adrislaine S. Mansano,&nbsp;Carlos A. Holanda,&nbsp;Tiago S. Pinto,&nbsp;Jonas B. Reis,&nbsp;Eduardo B. Azevedo,&nbsp;Raphael T. Verbinnen,&nbsp;José Lucas Viana,&nbsp;Teresa C. R. S. Franco,&nbsp;Eny M. Vieira","doi":"10.1002/etc.5953","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5953","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigated the occurrence and the environmental risk of eight contaminants of emerging concern (CECs; acetaminophen, naproxen, diclofenac, methylparaben, 17β-estradiol, sulfathiazole, sulfadimethoxine, and sulfamethazine) in three Brazilian water bodies, namely, the Monjolinho River Basin (São Paulo State), the Mogi Guaçu River (São Paulo State), and the Itapecuru River (Maranhão State) in three sampling campaigns. The CECs were only quantified in surface water samples collected at the Monjolinho River Basin. Acetaminophen, naproxen, and methylparaben were detected in the range of &lt;200 to 575.9 ng L⁻¹, &lt;200 to 224.7 ng L⁻¹, and &lt;200 to 303.6 ng L⁻¹, respectively. The detection frequencies of the three measured compounds were between 33% and 67%. The highest concentrations of CECs were associated with intense urbanization and untreated sewage discharge. Furthermore, CEC concentrations were significantly correlated with total organic carbon, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen levels, suggesting that domestic pollution from urban areas is an important source in the distribution of CECs in the Monjolinho River Basin. The environmental risk assessment indicated a high risk for acetaminophen (risk quotient [RQ] values between 2.1 and 5.8), a medium risk for naproxen (RQs between 0.6 and 0.7), and a low risk for methylparaben (RQs &lt; 0.1) to the freshwater biota of the Monjolinho River Basin. Our findings show potential threats of CECs in Brazilian water bodies, especially in vulnerable areas, and reinforce the need for improvements in environmental regulations to include monitoring and control of these compounds in aquatic systems. <i>Environ Toxicol Chem</i> 2024;43:2199–2210. © 2024 SETAC</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2199-2210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inconsistent Transcriptomic Responses to Hexabromocyclododecane in Japanese Quail: A Comparative Analysis of Results From Four Different Study Designs.","authors":"Paul Béziers, Elena Legrand, Emily Boulanger, Niladri Basu, Jessica D Ewald, Paula Henry, Markus Hecker, Jianguo Xia, Natalie Karouna-Renier, Doug Crump, Jessica Head","doi":"10.1002/etc.5955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Efforts to use transcriptomics for toxicity testing have classically relied on the assumption that chemicals consistently produce characteristic transcriptomic signatures that are reflective of their mechanism of action. However, the degree to which transcriptomic responses are conserved across different test methodologies has seldom been explored. With increasing regulatory demand for New Approach Methods (NAMs) that use alternatives to animal models and high-content approaches such as transcriptomics, this type of comparative analysis is needed. We examined whether common genes are dysregulated in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) liver following sublethal exposure to the flame retardant hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), when life stage and test methodologies differ. The four exposure scenarios included one NAM: Study 1-early-life stage (ELS) exposure via a single egg injection, and three more traditional approaches; Study 2-adult exposure using a single oral gavage; Study 3-ELS exposure via maternal deposition after adults were exposed through their diet for 7 weeks; and Study 4-ELS exposure via maternal deposition and re-exposure of nestlings through their diet for 17 weeks. The total number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) detected in each study was variable (Study 1, 550; Study 2, 192; Study 3, 1; Study 4, 3) with only 19 DEGs shared between Studies 1 and 2. Factors contributing to this lack of concordance are discussed and include differences in dose, but also quail strain, exposure route, sampling time, and HBCD stereoisomer composition. The results provide a detailed overview of the transcriptomic responses to HBCD at different life stages and routes of exposure in a model avian species and highlight certain challenges and limits of comparing transcriptomics across different test methodologies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;00:1-11. © 2024 The Author(s). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of The Permeation Properties of Membrane Filters and Sorption Properties of Sorbents Used for Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers","authors":"Miyu Moriya,&nbsp;Kazushi Noro,&nbsp;Aika Nagaosa,&nbsp;Arisa Banno,&nbsp;Junko Ono,&nbsp;Takashi Amagai,&nbsp;Yoshinori Yabuki","doi":"10.1002/etc.5957","DOIUrl":"10.1002/etc.5957","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) are promising devices for measuring the time-weighted average concentrations of hydrophilic compounds in aquatic environments. However, the mechanisms underlying compound uptake by POCIS remain unclear. We investigated the permeation kinetics of polyethersulfone and polytetrafluoroethylene membrane filters, and the sorption kinetics of Oasis HLB (Waters), Envi-Carb (Supelco), and Oasis WAX (Waters) sorbents. The log octanol−water partition coefficient (<i>K</i>_OW) values of the 19 targeted compounds ranged from −0.55 to 6.0. The overall mass-transfer coefficients were negatively correlated with <i>K</i>_OW, indicating that interactions between hydrophobic compounds and the membrane inhibit permeation. The sorption rate coefficient showed no correlation with <i>K</i>_OW and depended on the type of sorbent used. These results imply that the uptake of highly hydrophilic compounds by POCIS is determined by both the membrane and the sorbent kinetics; however, membrane kinetics dominate the uptake of hydrophobic compounds. <i>Environ Toxicol Chem</i> 2024;43:2115–2121. © 2024 SETAC</p>","PeriodicalId":11793,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","volume":"43 10","pages":"2115-2121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}