Environmental toxicology and pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Assessing aflatoxin exposure in the United Arab Emirates (UAE): Biomonitoring AFM1 levels in urine samples and their association with dietary habits","authors":"Shahd Elabed ,&nbsp;Raghad Khaled ,&nbsp;Nada Farhat ,&nbsp;Mohamed Madkour ,&nbsp;Shima A. Mohammad Zadeh ,&nbsp;Tamer Shousha ,&nbsp;Jalal Taneera ,&nbsp;Lucy Semerjian ,&nbsp;Khaled Abass","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Aflatoxins, known for their carcinoginc properties and produced by Aspergillus fungi, pose a substantial threat to public health, particularly in regions with hot and humid climates, where individuals are exposed to these toxins through contaminated food. The primary objective of this study was to assess the extent of aflatoxin exposure in the Emirate of Sharjah employing Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) as a biomarker in urine samples from adult participants. Furthermore, this study aimed to explore the relationship between dietary habits and AFM1 levels in order to establish a potential link.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a cross-sectional study design, a total of 144 adults (73 females and 71 males) were recruited for participation. The urine samples obtained from participants were subjected to analysis for AFM1 concentrations utilizing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Additionally, structured questionnaires were administered to collect information on the dietary and lifestyle habits of the participants. To explore the relationship between dietary factors and AFM1 levels, various statistical analyses, including linear regression and the Mann-Whitney U test, were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AFM1 was detected in 69 % of the samples under invstigation, wherein males exhibited a higher mean level (0.912 ng/mg creatinine) in comparison to females (0.676 ng/mg creatinine). The overall mean concentration of AFM1 was determined to be 0.792 ng/mg creatinine. It is worth noting that there was a significant correlation between rice consumption and heightened AFM1 exposure among males, while no such correlation was observed among females.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study conducted in the UAE provides novel perspectives on aflatoxin exposure, shedding light on the gender-specific correlation between rice consumption and aflatoxin levels among males. These findings hold significant implications for guiding public health interventions and underscore the pivotal role of ongoing surveillance and stringent food safety regulations in mitigating the hazards associated with aflatoxin contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104644"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic effects of deltamethrin on oxidative stress, behavioural, organosomatic indices and histopathological changes in Digitonthophagus gazella (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae)","authors":"Nishi Pandya ,&nbsp;Ankita Salunke ,&nbsp;Pankaj Sharma ,&nbsp;Parth Pandya ,&nbsp;Pragna Parikh","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrethroids pose a great concern to the declining population of dung beetles and the sustainability of ecosystem services. This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of deltamethrin on <em>Digitonthophagus gazella</em>. First, the LC₅₀ value (0.275 ppm) was determined, and sub-lethal concentrations (LD; low dose-0.014ppm, MD; medium dose-0.028ppm, and HD; high dose-0.055ppm) were assessed for physiological effects. The findings showed a significant dose and time dependent increase in fluorescence intensity (DCF-DA staining) and a decrease in antioxidant activity, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, significant down regulation of <em>cyp4g7</em>, <em>cyp6bq9</em>, and <em>cyp4q4</em> expression indicates enhanced oxidative stress. Additionally, a reduction in the organosomatic index, accompanied by histological changes in the brain, gut, and gonads, suggests potential functional disturbances. Overall, deltamethrin exposure had profound and irreversible pathological consequences on various vital organs and systems in <em>D. gazella</em>, affecting reproduction and nesting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104642"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate on Boana faber tadpoles exposed in the laboratory: Morphological and functional markers","authors":"Cristiano Roberto Hentges ,&nbsp;Laura Kauer Schuck ,&nbsp;Carolina De Abreu Caberlon ,&nbsp;Alexandro Marques Tozetti ,&nbsp;Guendalina Turcato Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide on the oxidative balance, energy metabolism, and body condition indices in tadpoles of <em>Boana faber.</em> Anuran spawns were collected, and after hatching and reaching Gosner stage 25, they were acclimated and exposed (168 hours) to concentrations of glyphosate (G1: 65, G2: 260, and G3: 520 µg/L). The body condition markers revealed a significant decrease in all these biomarkers in G2 and G3. Tadpoles exposed to the highest concentration of glyphosate showed an increase in superoxide dismutase activity and the maintenance of lipoperoxidation levels. Carbonyl proteins of animals of G1 and G2 groups showed a reduction that coincides with increased catalase activity. Glycogen decreased in all exposed groups, indicating that this polysaccharide was used for energy production. The body condition markers established here are a non-invasive and promising way of assessing the health status of animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143043794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity of sub-lethal doses of vanadium pentoxide in male Oryctolagus cuniculus","authors":"Augustine U. Nnama ,&nbsp;Ifeanyi O. Aguzie ,&nbsp;Chike F. Oguejiofor ,&nbsp;Gladys Ndidiamaka Ugwu ,&nbsp;Maureen N. Chukwu ,&nbsp;Christopher D. Nwani","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) is one of the compounds that have been reported to pose varying degrees of toxicity upon exposure; thus, making it a challenging environmental hazard that affects living organisms. This study investigated the cytotoxicity effects of daily sub-lethal oral doses of V₂O₅ on the bone marrow of male <em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em> after 21 days. Male <em>O. cuniculus</em> (<em>n</em> = 60, ∼ 6 week old, 433.45 ± 5.00 g body weight) were simply randomized into four experimental groups and a control with three replicates of four animals each. Based on the estimated 96-h LD₅₀ value of 119.0 mg/kg, sub-lethal doses of V₂O₅ were prepared as 1 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, and administered to the test animals daily by oral gavage for 21 days. Vanadium pentoxide induced cytotoxicity in the bone marrow cells (BMCs) of exposed groups, with significant changes in all evaluated haemopoietic bone marrow stem cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes and plasma cells). There were mixed trends in the values of leucocyte differentials in the exposed animal. Oral exposure to V₂O₅ exerts cytopathologic effects in the forms of DNA damage on the bone marrow of <em>O. cuniculus</em>. These findings support previous reports on the environmental hazards vanadium pentoxide poses to living organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixture effects of arsenic and chromium on erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities and expression of DNA repair, tumor suppressor and apoptotic genes in liver of zebrafish","authors":"Sreejata Kamila,&nbsp;Koushik Kumar Dey,&nbsp;Tanmoy Das,&nbsp;Ansuman Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigated the individual and mixture effects of Arsenic (As) and Chromium (Cr) at their environmental concentrations in zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>). After 15, 30 and 60 days of exposure, increased frequencies of erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) were noticed. After 60 days of exposure, DNA damage was observed in liver and base excision DNA repair (BER) and mismatch DNA repair (MMR) pathways were studied to know the cellular responses. Altered expression of BER (<em>ogg1</em>, <em>apex1</em>, <em>creb1</em>, <em>polb</em>) and MMR (<em>mlh1, msh2</em>, <em>msh6</em>) genes indicated inhibition of DNA repair. Downregulation of tumor suppressor genes (<em>p53</em> and <em>brca2</em>) occurred in mixture group. Downregulation of <em>bax</em>, <em>caspase9</em> and decreased <em>bax/bcl2</em> ratio indicated prevention of intrinsic apoptotic pathway in treated groups. Results indicated As and Cr-induced predisposition to genomic instability and carcinogenesis in zebrafish. Overall, this study confirmed the additive genotoxic effects of As and Cr in zebrafish erythrocytes and in liver after chronic exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104640"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental and biological measurements of the anesthetic isoflurane and its possible toxic effects in veterinarians","authors":"Tony F. Grassi ,&nbsp;Mariane A.P. Silva ,&nbsp;Maria V. Destro ,&nbsp;Bruno S. De Martinis ,&nbsp;Leandro G. Braz ,&nbsp;Mariana G. Braz","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We evaluated both environmental (workplace) and biological (urine) exposure to the anesthetic isoflurane concerning the effects of such exposure on the hematological, hepatic, and renal parameters in veterinarians. Samples were collected from exposed and nonexposed (volunteers) groups to assess hematological and several biochemical markers, and isoflurane was measured in the workplace air and veterinarian’s urine. Isoflurane was detected at high levels in the air and urine. No differences were observed in hematological parameters between the groups, although the number of monocytes increased among veterinarians, values were within the normal range. No significant differences were found in the hepatic enzymes or renal parameters between the groups, and all marker levels were within the normal range. In conclusion, urinary isoflurane is a suitable internal biomarker for monitoring occupational exposure and is associated with veterinary workplace measurements, and that occupational exposure is not associated with abnormal hematological or biochemical changes in veterinarians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, total protein and their association with somatoform disorder in environmentally exposed populations in Kazakhstan","authors":"Geir Bjørklund ,&nbsp;Yuliya Semenova","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochemical blood parameters may serve as biomarkers of environmental pollution, with somatoform disorder (SD) being of interest. This study examined serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), insulin, total protein, and SD prevalence in populations from polluted areas in Kazakhstan. It assessed the predictive value of these parameters for SD, along with other risk factors. A cross-sectional study of 1881 individuals (ages 18–52) in Kazakhstan used the PHQ-15 questionnaire to assess SD. HbA1C was measured via immunoturbidimetry, insulin via immunoassay, and total protein via colorimetry. HbA1C levels &gt; 6.5 % identified undiagnosed diabetes in 2.4 % of control residents, with higher rates in Ust-Kamenogorsk (10.6 %), Berezovka/Aksay (4.8 %), and Borodulikha/Abay (3.7 %). Pollutant-exposed populations had higher rates of hyperinsulinemia. Moderate to severe SD was more common in Ust-Kamenogorsk (26.6 %) and Berezovka/Aksay (27.2 %) than in controls, with lower rates in Borodulikha/Abay (16.7 %). Age, HbA1c levels, and residence near the condensate gas extraction plant significantly increased the odds of having moderate to severe SD, while being male and of Kazakh ethnicity significantly decreased the odds. The study links environmental exposure to increased rates of SD, diabetes, and insulin resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104637"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of diesel exhaust PM2.5 generated from diesel and dual natural gas-diesel engines","authors":"Juan Sebastian Pino ,&nbsp;Pedro N. Alvarado ,&nbsp;Ana Maria Larrea ,&nbsp;Winston Rojas ,&nbsp;Natalia Gomez-Lopera","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are atmospheric pollutants associated with adverse health effects. In response to their impact, natural gas (NG) has emerged as a promising alternative fuel due to its cleaner combustion. Although the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of DEPs from diesel or NG engines have been extensively studied, the impact of dual natural gas-diesel systems remains unexplored. This study evaluated the toxicity of DEPs (PM2.5) emitted by an engine in diesel mode and dual natural gas-diesel mode on cellular parameters such as viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. The results showed that diesel DEPs reduced cell viability by up to 31 %, compared to a 19.2 % reduction with dual-mode DEPs. Apoptosis induction was also higher with diesel DEPs, with a 7 % increase compared to the dual mode. While dual-mode DEPs increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) without causing DNA damage, diesel DEPs generated high ROS levels and measurable DNA damage. These differences could be attributed to the physicochemical characteristics of each mode, as diesel DEPs contained higher concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study addresses a research gap by quantifying the health effects of emissions from dual-fuel engines and highlights the potential of these systems to reduce DEP-induced toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104638"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics can alter structural configurations of human non-canonical G-quadruplex DNA","authors":"Sagar Bag ,&nbsp;Souvik Ghosal ,&nbsp;Sudipta Bhowmik","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MP) with a diameter of less than 150 μm can enter the lymph and bloodstream systems, induce cellular toxicity and damage DNA. G-quadruplexes (GQs) are tetraplex DNA secondary structures found in the human genomes that play important roles in replication, transcription and genomic integrity. Comprehending the biological and molecular processes underlying the activities of MPs could aid in estimating potential hazards to humans. In this investigation, polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) and polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) have been selected because these two MPs are environmentally most prevalent and they are of different sizes. Several biophysical strategies were employed to identify that PS-MPs are the most potent MPs that bind to CMYC GQ DNA (present in the promoter of CMYC gene, important for cellular growth and proliferation) and may alter their structure. This study helps to understand the potential threat MPs possesses by interacting with key DNA structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicity of 2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on oligodendrocytes during embryonic zebrafish development","authors":"Ryann Henry,&nbsp;Reagan Vander Heide,&nbsp;Nicole M. Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants heavily utilized across plastic, textile and electronic industries. Although these PBDEs are effective in protecting property and human life from fire, their high production volumes have led PBDEs to become pervasive environmental contaminants and pose an ecological and health risk as high levels have been noted in environmental media including water and sediment, wildlife and human tissue. Here we investigate the developmental neurotoxicity of 2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), one of the more dominant PBDE congeners found in human tissue, on oligodendrocytes in the hindbrain and spinal cord. We utilized the zebrafish vertebrate model system and investigated low (5 µM) and high concentrations (20 µM) of BDE-47. We find that by 6 days post-fertilization, BDE-47 negatively affects oligodendrocyte development in the hindbrain and spinal cord in a concentration dependent manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 104627"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}