Environmental toxicology and pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to airborne polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and male lung function","authors":"Georges Khoury ,&nbsp;Laura Deen ,&nbsp;Harald William Meyer ,&nbsp;Kajsa Ugelvig Petersen ,&nbsp;Jens Peter Bonde ,&nbsp;Karin Sørig Hougaard ,&nbsp;Marie Frederiksen ,&nbsp;Marcus Kjær Sørensen ,&nbsp;Sidsel Dan Hull ,&nbsp;Regitze Sølling Wils ,&nbsp;Sandra Søgaard Tøttenborg","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lower-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (LC-PCBs) can evaporate from original materials in older buildings and be inhaled by inhabitants. Prenatal exposure to LC-PCBs may interfere with fetal lung development, with consequences for adult lung function.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Determine the effect of prenatal LC-PCB exposure on adult lung function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 184 adult males whose mothers lived in two partially LC-PCB contaminated residential areas leading up to their pregnancy. Spirometry assessed forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Z-scores standardized measurements. Associations were estimated using linear regression, with subsequent smoking stratification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Prenatally exposed individuals (n = 72) had 120 mL lower FEV₁ (95 % CI: −280, 30) and 120 mL lower FVC (95 % CI: −310, 70) compared to unexposed individuals. Responses were intensified in ever smokers, and absent in never smokers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Prenatal LC-PCBs exposure may reduce lung function in adult males, with later smoking potentially enhancing susceptibility</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104882"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study on the neurotoxicity of five bisphenols using zebrafish embryos/larvae models","authors":"Congying Luo ,&nbsp;Qiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingjie Chen ,&nbsp;Dinghui Wang ,&nbsp;Han Xie ,&nbsp;Yimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Kusheng Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bisphenols (BPs) are known to exert neurotoxic effects, but comparative studies of their neurotoxicity using equivalent concentrations (instead of identical ones) remain limited. This study assessed the neurotoxicity of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), fluorine-9-bisphenol (BHPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF) in zebrafish embryos/larvae exposed to concentrations equivalent to 2 % of each BP’s LC₅₀. Results showed all five BPs significantly decreased 72 h post-fertilization (hpf) body length and increased 96 hpf mortality but had no notable impacts on hatching rate, heart rate, or eye span. BPs induced the most prominent hyperactivity and anxiety-like behaviors but impacted the locomotor ability. BPF and BHPF also increased spontaneous tail-coiling frequency under normal and high light, respectively. Molecularly, GABAergic (<em>gad1b, slc6a1b, gabbr1b</em>), dopaminergic (<em>slc6a3, drd1b</em>) and cholinergic (<em>slc5a7a, ache</em>) genes were downregulated. Neurodevelopmental genes (<em>gfap, mbpa, syn2a</em>) were suppressed, while oxidative stress-related genes (<em>sod1, sod2</em>) and metabolic gene <em>cyp3a65</em> were upregulated. Mechanistically, BPs may trigger oxidative stress and metabolic disruption, interfering with GABAergic/ dopaminergic/cholinergic systems to induce neurobehavioral abnormalities. This study confirms equivalent-concentration comparison as a reliable method for toxicity assessment, highlights the varying neurodevelopmental toxicity of BPs, and provides a basis for environmental chemicals risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 104922"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of genotype-specific sensitivity to three insecticides in honey bees (Apis mellifera) via acute oral exposure","authors":"Bhanu Janam ,&nbsp;Abdulrahim T. Alkassab ,&nbsp;Jens Pistorius ,&nbsp;Sergio Angeli","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Honey bees are essential pollinators in agricultural and wild ecosystems, yet their frequent exposure to pesticides poses significant risks. This study examined genotype-specific differences in oral acute toxicity by testing three insecticides: flupyradifurone (Sivanto® Prime), lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate Zeon®), and cyantraniliprole (Minecto™ One), across five European honey bee genotypes: <em>Apis mellifera</em>, <em>A. m. carnica</em>, <em>A. m. ligustica</em>, Buckfast, and a local population from JKI, Braunschweig. Insecticide sensitivity was assessed by calculating LD₅₀ values and performing Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards modeling. Significant genotype-dependent differences were evident, with LD₅₀ values varying up to 3.2-fold across observation times depending on insecticide and genotype. <em>A. m. mellifera</em> showed significantly higher tolerance to lambda-cyhalothrin and to cyantraniliprole, and moderate tolerance to flupyradifurone. These findings highlight that toxicity profiles vary by genotype and insecticide mode of action, underscoring the importance of reporting genotype in ecotoxicological studies to better understand pesticide impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104843"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure-related differences in plasma protein binding of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in mice and humans","authors":"Chloé ML. Argoul ,&nbsp;Pierre-Louis Toutain ,&nbsp;Sarah Berard ,&nbsp;Nicole Picard-Hagen ,&nbsp;Véronique Gayrard ,&nbsp;Marlène Z. Lacroix","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding interspecies and structure-based differences in the toxicokinetics of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) is important to explain their persistence and improve health risk assessment. Since renal clearance is the main elimination pathway, this study measured the free (protein-unbound) fraction (f_u) of PFAS in human and mouse plasma using the Dianorm^R system, selected for its robustness and rapid equilibrium. Sixteen PFAS were tested, including perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCA), sulfonic acids (PFSA), and ether derivatives (PFECA). Mean f_u values ranged from 0.21 % (PFOS) to 50 % (PFPeA) in mice and from 0.02 % (PFHpS) to 8.5 % (PFPeA) in humans. Interspecies differences were most pronounced for short-chain PFAS and PFECA, but not observed for longer chains. A U-shaped relationship between f_u and molecular weight (MW) was found, with the lowest values near 400–500 g/mol. These results highlight plasma protein binding as a key determinant of PFAS persistence and provide predictive models linking f_u to MW.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104879"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145609273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the sub-lethal effects induced by three tire rubber-derived contaminants on zebrafish larvae","authors":"Stefano Magni ,&nbsp;Andrea Binelli ,&nbsp;Lara Nigro ,&nbsp;Eva Roubeau Dumont ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Eysseric ,&nbsp;Riccardo Sbarberi ,&nbsp;Luca Del Giacco ,&nbsp;Alberto Diana ,&nbsp;Camilla Della Torre ,&nbsp;Christian Gagnon ,&nbsp;François Gagné","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the sub-lethal effects of three key tire rubber-derived contaminants (TRDCs) used as vulcanizing agents and antioxidants in the tire production: 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG), N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), and its byproduct 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-q). Effects were assessed at the concentration of 500 ng/L on <em>Danio rerio</em> (zebrafish) larvae, from 0 to 120 h post fertilization, through a wide battery of biomarkers, proteomics, as well as imaging techniques for the inflammation detection<em>.</em> No significant effects were observed on larvae concerning apical endpoints, such as viability and morphological alterations, in all experimental groups. However, DPG exposure led to the most widespread biomarker responses among the tested compounds, with a significant induction of superoxide dismutase, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and glutathione-S-transferase. To obtain a toxicity scale of tested TRDCs, based on used biomarkers, each endpoint was integrated in the Biomarker Response Index. This approach indicated that 6PPD-q and DPG were more toxic than 6PPD. Coherently, proteomic analysis revealed the modulation of 8 proteins with the DPG treatment, 7 with 6PPD-q and only 4 impacted proteins in the treatment with 6PPD. Other evidence, which considers also the effects of TRDC mixture, is necessary to better investigate the main toxic chemicals related to tire in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104863"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145461653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of the photoproducts of the antidiabetic drug metformin and the different impact of metformin compared to its photoproducts mixture on aquatic organisms","authors":"Martina Poncarová ,&nbsp;Michal Šorf ,&nbsp;Pavla Fojtíková ,&nbsp;Šárka Klementová ,&nbsp;Eva Poštulková ,&nbsp;Karel Hořejší ,&nbsp;Veronika Oušková ,&nbsp;Monika Křížová ,&nbsp;Martin Hána","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photochemical degradation of the antidiabetic drug metformin in the presence of a quinone sensitiser was investigated under environmentally relevant UV light. Degradation products were identified using UHPLC-Q-TOF. The effects of the resulting photoproduct mixture and metformin itself (50–100 µg l⁻¹) were assessed on four aquatic species representing different trophic levels: <em>Desmodesmus subspicatus</em>, <em>Lemna minor</em>, <em>Daphnia magna</em> and <em>Danio rerio</em> embryos. The photoproduct mixture caused growth inhibition in photosynthesising organisms, reproductive disruption in <em>Daphnia</em>, developmental malformations in fish embryos, and significant changes in oxidative stress markers. This study provides the first evidence that photochemically generated transformation products of metformin are significantly more toxic than the parent compound, even at environmentally relevant concentrations. These findings highlight the importance of including not only parent pharmaceuticals but also their photoproducts in environmental risk assessments, as the latter may pose a greater ecological hazard in surface waters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104865"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel in vivo toxicity profiling of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) in Vicia faba seedlings as a plant model","authors":"Aml M. Abo Al-Saoud ,&nbsp;Mohammed Nagib A. Hasaneen ,&nbsp;Ali Noory Fajer ,&nbsp;Ibrahim S. Kamel","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs) are emerging as promising nanocarriers for various therapeutic agents being used in medicine or agriculture. However, understanding their toxic effects is crucial for their safe application in drug delivery systems. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the phytotoxic and cyto-genotoxic effects of SLNPs. SLNPs were synthesized at a concentration of 5 g/100 ml, coded as R and diluted for testing its toxicity using <em>Vicia faba</em> as a bioindicator. <em>V. faba</em> seedlings were exposed to five concentrations of SLNPs (R:5 g/100 ml; 0.5 R: 2.5 g/100 ml, 0.25 R: 1.25 g/100 ml, 0.125 R: 0.63 g/100 ml and 0.0625 R: 0.31 g/100 ml) and control (distilled water). Parameters such as root growth and histology, catalase enzyme activity, mitotic index, chromosomal anomalies and apoptosis percentages besides cell cycle progression were assessed. Results discovered a concentration-dependent increase in phototoxic effect revealed by significant inhibition percentages in root length (15.08 %–45.25 %) at high levels of SLNPs (0.5 R: 2.5 g/100 ml and R: 5 g/100 ml). Moreover, histological observation indicated that concentrations above the dilution of 0.125 R of SLNPs induces various histological alterations as reduced root diameter and filling the metaxylem with parenchyma cells which might impair the uptake and transport of solutes adversely affect plant health and life. Theses alterations might adopt the significant increases in catalase enzyme activity in root tissue in dose-dependent manner. Significant mitotic index and cell viability reduction and alterations in cell cycle distribution especially the obvious DNA synthesis phase arrest at the concentration of 5 g/100 ml and increased frequency of chromosomal anomalies suggesting SLNPs cyto-genotoxicity. These findings concluded that SLNPs of 5 g/100 ml is toxic can have adverse effects on <em>V. faba</em> plant health. Further studies needed in this regard.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104873"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the ocular cytotoxicity of topical sevoflurane in sirc cells: An in vitro study","authors":"Raquel Maroto Cejudo ,&nbsp;Denisse Michelle Espinosa Encalada ,&nbsp;María Granada Picazo Martínez ,&nbsp;Mónica Gómez-Juarez Sango ,&nbsp;Fernando Andrés-Pretel ,&nbsp;Carlos Cava Valenciano","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Sevoflurane (SF) has been reported to exhibit topical analgesic/antimicrobial effects. This study evaluated its cytotoxicity on the ocular surface by comparing SF with povidone-iodine (PI) and balanced saline solution (BSS) in an epithelial cell model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cytotoxicity was assessed using the Short-Time Exposure Test (OECD 491) on Seruminstitut Rabbit Cornea (SIRC) cells. Cultures were exposed for 5 min to SF (100 %), PI (5 %) or BSS and viability was determined by the MTT assay. Recovery at 0, 30, and 60 min and the effect of a double SF exposure were also evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median viabilities were: 85.3 % for SF, 0.5 % for PI and 97.3 % for BSS (p = 0.005). Significant differences were found between 0 and 30 min (p = 0.021) and 0–60 min (p = 0.038). Double exposure did not significantly modify SF viability (p &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SF did not demonstrate significant cytotoxicity in vitro, unlike PI. However, in vivo studies are required to confirm its ocular safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104868"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145524793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological assessment of benzalkonium chloride using planaria mobility: A comparison of manual and digital tracking methods","authors":"Manel M. Habel ,&nbsp;Adrian C. Williams ,&nbsp;Vitaliy V. Khutoryanskiy","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The principle of the 3Rs—Reduction, Refinement, and Replacement—encourages minimizing animal use, improving experimental design, and developing alternative models for toxicology testing. Among such models, planaria (aquatic flatworms) have gained increasing attention in pharmacology, regenerative medicine, and toxicology because of their simple anatomy, high environmental sensitivity, exceptional regenerative ability, and ease of laboratory maintenance. In this study, we examined the effects of benzalkonium chloride (BAC)—a commonly used pharmaceutical excipient with antimicrobial and permeability-enhancing properties, as well as a known environmental toxicant—on the locomotor activity of <em>Schmidtea mediterranea</em> using both manual assessment and Lolitrack video-tracking software. Six concentrations of BAC (5–1000 μg/mL) and a negative control were tested. Both approaches showed an overall reduction in locomotor activity over time, though manual analysis indicated a transient stimulation at lower concentrations. The software-based method demonstrated greater reliability, precision, and objectivity, making it preferable for toxicity evaluation in planaria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104850"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145338366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Second-hand smoke exposure modulates plasma proteins linked to detoxification, inflammation and atherothrombosis","authors":"Sofia Neves ,&nbsp;Solange A. Pacheco ,&nbsp;Fátima Vaz ,&nbsp;Cristina Valentim-Coelho ,&nbsp;Joana Saraiva ,&nbsp;Peter James ,&nbsp;Tânia Simões ,&nbsp;Deborah Penque","doi":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.etap.2025.104864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) contributes to the development of health issues, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Molecular mechanisms underlying SHS-related diseases remain poorly understood, highlighting the need for reliable risk assessment biomarkers. Herein, we demonstrate that the plasma proteome of individuals exposed to SHS undergoes significant modulation. Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and Vitamin <span>D</span>-binding protein (GC) that are involved in the physiological response to circulating toxic substances, as well as key mediators of systemic inflammation, including Complement C1r subcomponent (C1R), Complement C1q subcomponent subunit C (C1QC), Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG), and Vitamin K-dependent protein S (PROS1), were found to be significantly modulated in SHS-exposed individuals. Moreover, strong indicators of a pro-atherothrombotic response such Apolipoprotein A-IV (APOA4) and Alpha-2-antiplasmin (SERPINF2), were also differentially expressed. These findings provide novel insights into the biological pathways linking SHS-exposure to cardiovascular risks, and suggest a panel of candidate proteins with potential utility as SHS-risk assessment biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11775,"journal":{"name":"Environmental toxicology and pharmacology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104864"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145461652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}