Epigenetics最新文献

{"title":"Non-coding 886 (<i>nc886</i>/<i>vtRNA2-1</i>), the epigenetic odd duck - implications for future studies.","authors":"Emma Raitoharju, Sonja Rajić, Saara Marttila","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2332819","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2332819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-coding 886 (<i>nc886</i>, <i>vtRNA2-1</i>) is the only human polymorphically imprinted gene, in which the methylation status is not determined by genetics. Existing literature regarding the establishment, stability and consequences of the methylation pattern, as well as the nature and function of the <i>nc886</i> RNAs transcribed from the locus, are contradictory. For example, the methylation status of the locus has been reported to be stable through life and across somatic tissues, but also susceptible to environmental effects. The nature of the produced <i>nc886</i> RNA(s) has been redefined multiple times, and in carcinogenesis, these RNAs have been reported to have conflicting roles. In addition, due to the bimodal methylation pattern of the <i>nc886</i> locus, traditional genome-wide methylation analyses can lead to false-positive results, especially in smaller datasets. Herein, we aim to summarize the existing literature regarding <i>nc886</i>, discuss how the characteristics of <i>nc886</i> give rise to contradictory results, as well as to reinterpret, reanalyse and, where possible, replicate the results presented in the current literature. We also introduce novel findings on how the distribution of the <i>nc886</i> methylation pattern is associated with the geographical origins of the population and describe the methylation changes in a large variety of human tumours. Through the example of this one peculiar genetic locus and RNA, we aim to highlight issues in the analysis of DNA methylation and non-coding RNAs in general and offer our suggestions for what should be taken into consideration in future analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2332819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10965113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of N6-methyladenosine-related lncRnas in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.","authors":"Jieying Guan, Xiaohong Chen, Zhidong Li, Shuifeng Deng, Aizezi Wumaier, Yuncheng Ma, Lingling Xie, Shengsong Huang, Yingting Zhu, Yehong Zhuo","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2348840","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2348840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the role of lncRNA m⁶A methylation modification in aqueous humour (AH) of patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG). Patients with open-angle PXG under surgery from June 2021 to December 2021 were selected. Age- and gender-matched patients with age-related cataract (ARC) were chosen as control. Patients underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations. 0.05-0.1 ml AH were extracted during surgery for MeRIP-Seq and RNA-Seq. Joint analysis was used to screen lncRNAs with differential m⁶A methylation modification and expression. Online software tools were used to draw lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network (ceRNA). Expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs was confirmed using quantitative real-time PCR. A total of 4151 lncRNAs and 4386 associated m⁶A methylation modified peaks were identified in the PXG group. Similarly, 2490 lncRNAs and 2595 associated m⁶A methylation modified peaks were detected in the control. Compared to the ARC group, the PXG group had 234 hypermethylated and 402 hypomethylated m⁶A peaks, with statistically significant differences (| Fold Change (FC) |≥2, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Bioinformatic analysis revealed that these differentially methylated lncRNA enriched in extracellular matrix formation, tight adhesion, TGF- β signalling pathway, AMPK signalling pathway, and MAPK signalling pathway. Joint analysis identified 10 lncRNAs with differential m⁶A methylation and expression simultaneously. Among them, the expression of ENST000000485383 and ROCK1 were confirmed downregulated in the PXG group by RT-qPCR. m⁶A methylation modification may affect the expression of lncRNA and participate in the pathogenesis of PXG through the ceRNA network. ENST000000485383-hsa miR592-ROCK1 May be a potential target pathway for further investigation in PXG m⁶A methylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2348840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11086004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"YY1/circCTNNB1/miR-186-5p/YY1 positive loop aggravates lung cancer progression through the Wnt pathway.","authors":"Yanli Shen, Yan Yang, Yan Zhao, Saiteer Nuerlan, Yiyi Zhan, Chunling Liu","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2369006","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2369006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer is one familiar cancer that threatens the lives of humans. circCTNNB1 has been disclosed to have regulatory functions in some diseases. However, the functions and related regulatory mechanisms of circCTNNB1 in lung cancer remain largely indistinct. The mRNA and protein expression levels were examined through real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. The cell proliferation was tested through CCK-8 assay. The cell migration and invasion were confirmed through Transwell assays. The cell senescence was evaluated through SA-β-gal assay. The binding ability between miR-186-5p and circCTNNB1 (or YY1) was verified through luciferase reporter and RIP assays. In this study, the higher expression of circCTNNB1 was discovered in lung cancer tissues and cell lines and resulted in poor prognosis. In addition, circCTNNB1 facilitated lung cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and suppressed cell senescence. Knockdown of circCTNNB1 retarded the Wnt pathway. Mechanism-related experiments revealed that circCTNNB1 combined with miR-186-5p to target YY1. Through rescue assays, YY1 overexpression could rescue decreased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, increased cell senescence, and retarded Wnt pathway mediated by circCTNNB1 suppression. Furthermore, YY1 acts as a transcription factor that can transcriptionally activate circCTNNB1 to form YY1/circCTNNB1/miR-186-5p/YY1 positive loop. Through in vivo assays, circCTNNB1 accelerated tumour growth in vivo. All findings revealed that a positive loop YY1/circCTNNB1/miR-186-5p/YY1 aggravated lung cancer progression by modulating the Wnt pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2369006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11197906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141445902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgenerational epigenetic self-memory of <i>Dio3</i> dosage is associated with <i>Meg3</i> methylation and altered growth trajectories and neonatal hormones.","authors":"M Elena Martinez, Aldona Karaczyn, Zhaofei Wu, Christian A Bennett, Kassey L Matoin, Heather M Daigle, Arturo Hernandez","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2376948","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2376948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intergenerational and transgenerational epigenetic effects resulting from conditions in previous generations can contribute to environmental adaptation as well as disease susceptibility. Previous studies in rodent and human models have shown that abnormal developmental exposure to thyroid hormone affects endocrine function and thyroid hormone sensitivity in later generations. Since the imprinted type 3 deiodinase gene (<i>Dio3</i>) regulates sensitivity to thyroid hormones, we hypothesize its epigenetic regulation is altered in descendants of thyroid hormone overexposed individuals. Using DIO3-deficient mice as a model of developmental thyrotoxicosis, we investigated <i>Dio3</i> total and allelic expression and growth and endocrine phenotypes in descendants. We observed that male and female developmental overexposure to thyroid hormone altered total and allelic <i>Dio3</i> expression in genetically intact descendants in a tissue-specific manner. This was associated with abnormal growth and neonatal levels of thyroid hormone and leptin. Descendant mice also exhibited molecular abnormalities in the <i>Dlk1-Dio3</i> imprinted domain, including increased methylation in <i>Meg3</i> and altered foetal brain expression of other genes of the <i>Dlk1-Dio3</i> imprinted domain. These molecular abnormalities were also observed in the tissues and germ line of DIO3-deficient ancestors originally overexposed to thyroid hormone <i>in utero</i>. Our results provide a novel paradigm of epigenetic self-memory by which <i>Dio3</i> gene dosage in a given individual, and its dependent developmental exposure to thyroid hormone, influences its own expression in future generations. This mechanism of epigenetic self-correction of <i>Dio3</i> expression in each generation may be instrumental in descendants for their adaptive programming of developmental growth and adult endocrine function.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2376948"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11244338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141589981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide methylation analysis in patients with proximal hypospadias - a pilot study and review of the literature.","authors":"Yolande van Bever, Ruben G Boers, Hennie T Brüggenwirth, Wilfred Fj van IJcken, Frank J Magielsen, Annelies de Klein, Joachim B Boers, Leendert Hj Looijenga, Erwin Brosens, Joost Gribnau, Sabine E Hannema","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2392048","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2392048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In patients with proximal hypospadias, often no genetic cause is identified despite extensive genetic testing. Many genes involved in sex development encode transcription factors with strict timing and dosing of the gene products. We hypothesised that there might be recurrent differences in DNA methylation in boys with hypospadias and that these might differ between patients born small versus appropriate for gestational age. Genome-wide Methylated DNA sequencing (MeD-seq) was performed on 32bp LpnPI restriction enzyme fragments after RE-digestion in leucocytes from 16 XY boys with unexplained proximal hypospadias, one with an unexplained XX testicular disorder/difference of sex development (DSD) and twelve, healthy, sex- and age-matched controls. Five of seven differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between patients and XY controls were in the Long Intergenic Non-Protein Coding RNA 665 (LINC00665; CpG24525). Three patients showed hypermethylation of MAP3K1. Finally, no DMRs in XX testicular DSD associated genes were identified in the XX boy versus XX controls. In conclusion, we observed no recognizable epigenetic signature in 16 boys with XY proximal hypospadias and no difference between children born small versus appropriate for gestational age. Comparison to previous methylation studies in individuals with hypospadias did not show consistent findings, possibly due to the use of different inclusion criteria, tissues and methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2392048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11373573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141992223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance and aerobic training increases genome-wide DNA methylation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Cristiana Libardi Miranda Furtado, Megan Hansen, Gislaine Satyko Kogure, Victor Barbosa Ribeiro, Nathanael Taylor, Murilo Racy Soares, Rui Alberto Ferriani, Kenneth Ivan Aston, Timothy Jenkins, Rosana Maria Dos Reis","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2305082","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2305082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physical activity is a first-line treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Resistance or aerobic exercise improves metabolic complications, reproductive outcomes, and quality of life in PCOS. DNA methylation reprogramming during exercise may be the major modifier behind these changes. We sought to evaluate genome-wide DNA methylation changes after supervised resistance and aerobic exercise in women with PCOS. Exercises were performed in 56 women with PCOS (resistance, <i>n</i> = 30; aerobic, <i>n</i> = 26), for 16 weeks (wks), three times per week, in 50-minute to one-hour sessions. Anthropometric indices and hormonal and metabolic parameters were measured before and after training. Genome-wide leukocyte DNA methylation was analysed by Infinium Human MethylationEPIC 850K BeadChip microarrays (Illumina). Both resistance and aerobic exercise improved anthropometric indices, metabolic dysfunction, and hyperandrogenism in PCOS after the training programme, but no differences were observed between the two exercises. Resistance and aerobic exercise increased genome-wide DNA methylation, although resistance changed every category in the CpG island context (islands, shores, shelve, and open sea), whereas aerobic exercise altered CpG shores and the open sea. Using a stringent FDR (>40), 6 significantly differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were observed in the resistance exercise cohort and 14 DRMs in the aerobic cohort, all of which were hypermethylated. The increase in genome-wide DNA methylation may be related to the metabolic and hormonal changes observed in PCOS after resistance and aerobic exercise. Since the mammalian genome is hypermethylated globally to prevent genomic instability and ageing, resistance and aerobic exercise may promote health and longevity through environmentally induced epigenetic changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2305082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylome profile of medaka eggs and sperm.","authors":"Xuegeng Wang, Ramji K Bhandari","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2417151","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2417151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eggs and sperm are responsible for the continuation of generations. Following the epigenetic reprogramming of the embryo, core epigenetic information present in the sperm and eggs is transmitted to offspring somatic cells prior to the blastula stage, which specifically influences gene expression in the cells. Differences in the patterns of DNA methylation between the paternal and maternal genomes are critical to regulating allele-specific gene expression in the developing embryo, constituting the basis of genomic imprinting in mammals. While the information on allele-specific epigenetic information has been limited to mammals, it is not clearly understood whether non-mammalian vertebrate gametes possess any sex-specific allelic epigenetic information and whether somatic cells maintain the allele-specific epigenetic information, particularly DNA methylation. To determine the landscape of DNA methylation in paternal and maternal alleles in a non-mammalian vertebrate, we profiled the methylome of egg in medaka fish and compared it with our previously published medaka sperm methylome. We identified a set of gamete-specific differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the genome- medaka eggs maintained a significantly lower global methylation profile than the sperm. Based on our sequencing depth and data, 10 DMRs were hypermethylated, and 237 DMRs were hypomethylated in the eggs compared to the sperm methylome. Somatic cells in blastula maintained some of those parental gamete-specific DNA methylation profiles. Those DMRs are associated with 70 genes, suggesting that they may have imprinted-like functions and warrant further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2417151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142460920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA methylation variation and growth in the clonal <i>Duchesnea indica</i> is regulated by both past and present lead environments.","authors":"Jiaxin Quan, Shanshan Song, Linya Xing, Xiao Liu, Ming Yue","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2305078","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2305078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies suggest that clonal plants' ability to select habitats and forage in a heterogeneous environment is influenced by their past environment, with stress legacy potentially playing a crucial role. In this study, we examined parental ramets of <i>Duchesnea indica</i> Focke that were subject to either a control or lead-contaminated environment (past environment), and their newborn offspring were then transplanted into control, homogeneous lead or heterogeneous lead environment (present environment). We analysed how past and present environments affect plant growth and DNA methylation in offspring. The result shown that the DNA methylation loci composition of offspring was affected by the interaction of parental environment and offspring environment, and DNA methylation levels were higher in heterogeneous environments. Moreover, our findings indicate that offspring would thrive in the heterogeneous lead environment if they did not experience lead pollution in the past, their progeny will avoid lead toxicity by reducing underground biomass allocation. However, when the parents experienced lead stress environment, their biomass allocation strategies disappeared, and they prefer to grow in favourable patches to avoid lead-contaminated patches. We concluded that the integration of historical parental exposure to lead-contaminated and current information about their offspring's environment are impacting plant phenotypes. It is possible that the stress legacy from the parents has been transmitted to their offspring ramets, and the stress legacy is at least partly based on heritable epigenetic variation. The phenotypic variation regulated by the stress legacy affects the growth performance, biomass allocation strategy, and even the behaviour of <i>D. indica</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2305078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10802196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139512188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using methylation data to improve transcription factor binding prediction.","authors":"Daniel Morgan, Dawn L DeMeo, Kimberly Glass","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2309826","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2309826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modelling the regulatory mechanisms that determine cell fate, response to external perturbation, and disease state depends on measuring many factors, a task made more difficult by the plasticity of the epigenome. Scanning the genome for the sequence patterns defined by Position Weight Matrices (PWM) can be used to estimate transcription factor (TF) binding locations. However, this approach does not incorporate information regarding the epigenetic context necessary for TF binding. CpG methylation is an epigenetic mark influenced by environmental factors that is commonly assayed in human cohort studies. We developed a framework to score inferred TF binding locations using methylation data. We intersected motif locations identified using PWMs with methylation information captured in both whole-genome bisulfite sequencing and Illumina EPIC array data for six cell lines, scored motif locations based on these data, and compared with experimental data characterizing TF binding (ChIP-seq). We found that for most TFs, binding prediction improves using methylation-based scoring compared to standard PWM-scores. We also illustrate that our approach can be generalized to infer TF binding when methylation information is only proximally available, <i>i.e</i>. measured for nearby CpGs that do not directly overlap with a motif location. Overall, our approach provides a framework for inferring context-specific TF binding using methylation data. Importantly, the availability of DNA methylation data in existing patient populations provides an opportunity to use our approach to understand the impact of methylation on gene regulatory processes in the context of human disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2309826"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10841018/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission of reduced levels of miR-34/449 from sperm to preimplantation embryos is a key step in the transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of the effects of paternal chronic social instability stress.","authors":"Alexandre Champroux, Yang Tang, David A Dickson, Alice Meng, Anne Harrington, Lucy Liaw, Matteo Marzi, Francesco Nicassio, Thorsten M Schlaeger, Larry A Feig","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2346694","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2024.2346694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transgenerational effects of exposing male mice to chronic social instability (CSI) stress are associated with decreased sperm levels of multiple members of the miR-34/449 family that persist after their mating through preimplantation embryo (PIE) development. Here we demonstrate the importance of these miRNA changes by showing that restoring miR-34c levels in PIEs derived from CSI stressed males prevents elevated anxiety and defective sociability normally found specifically in their adult female offspring. It also restores, at least partially, levels of sperm miR-34/449 normally reduced in their male offspring who transmit these sex-specific traits to their offspring. Strikingly, these experiments also revealed that inducing miR-34c levels in PIEs enhances the expression of its own gene and that of miR-449 in these cells. The same induction of embryo miR-34/449 gene expression likely occurs after sperm-derived miR-34c is introduced into oocytes upon fertilization. Thus, suppression of this miRNA amplification system when sperm miR-34c levels are reduced in CSI stressed mice can explain how a comparable fold-suppression of miR-34/449 levels can be found in PIEs derived from them, despite sperm containing ~50-fold lower levels of these miRNAs than those already present in PIEs. We previously found that men exposed to early life trauma also display reduced sperm levels of miR-34/449. And here we show that miR-34c can also increase the expression of its own gene, and that of miR-449 in human embryonic stem cells, suggesting that human PIEs derived from men with low sperm miR-34/449 levels may also contain this potentially harmful defect.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"19 1","pages":"2346694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11093028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}