EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-21DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2577188
Yunsung Lee, Håkon Kristian Gjessing, Christian Magnus Page, Jon Bohlin, Robert Lyle, Per Magnus, Siri Eldevik Håberg
{"title":"Methylation differences between assisted reproductive technology-conceived and naturally conceived children near <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>NBR2</i>.","authors":"Yunsung Lee, Håkon Kristian Gjessing, Christian Magnus Page, Jon Bohlin, Robert Lyle, Per Magnus, Siri Eldevik Håberg","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2577188","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2577188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have shown that newborns conceived using assisted reproductive technology (ART) exhibited significantly different DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles at birth compared to those conceived naturally. Of note was the observation of increased DNAm at the promoter region of <i>BRCA1/NBR2</i> in ART-conceived newborns. However, it remains unclear if these DNAm differences persist after birth. Using the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), a large-scale population-based pregnancy cohort with extensive longitudinal data collected through biological samples and questionnaires, we generated longitudinal DNAm data for 105 ART-conceived and 250 naturally conceived children at birth and at ages 3-22 years. DNAm differences in the <i>BRCA1</i>/<i>NBR2</i> promoter between ART- and naturally conceived children, at birth and postnatally, were tested using linear mixed model with adjustment for maternal and newborn covariates. While ART-conceived children showed subtle hypermethylation at birth and postnatally, the differences diminished over time and did not remain statistically significant after multiple testing correction. Our findings suggest that subtle hypermethylation at the <i>BRCA1/NBR2</i> promoter in ART-conceived children may represent an ART-associated epigenetic signature, although further studies in larger populations are needed to clarify its persistence and significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2577188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12548064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2508251
Sagnik Sen, Michelle Lacey, Carl Baribault, V K Chaithanya Ponnaluri, Pierre Olivier Esteve, Kenneth C Ehrlich, Mia Meletta, Sriharsa Pradhan, Melanie Ehrlich
{"title":"The myoblast methylome: multiple types of associations with chromatin and transcription.","authors":"Sagnik Sen, Michelle Lacey, Carl Baribault, V K Chaithanya Ponnaluri, Pierre Olivier Esteve, Kenneth C Ehrlich, Mia Meletta, Sriharsa Pradhan, Melanie Ehrlich","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2508251","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2508251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epigenetic changes are implicated in development, repair, and physiology of postnatal skeletal muscle (SkM). We generated methylomes for human myoblasts (SkM progenitor cells) and determined myoblast differentially methylated regions (DMRs) for comparison to the epigenomics and transcriptomics of diverse cell types. Analyses were from global genomic and single-gene perspectives and included reporter gene assays. One atypical finding was the association of promoter-adjacent hypermethylation in myoblasts with transcription turn-on, but at downmodulated levels, for certain genes (<i>e.g</i>., <i>SIM2</i> and <i>TWIST1</i>). In contrast, brain-specific <i>OLIG2</i> was in repressed chromatin and silent in most cell types but linked to hypermethylated DMRs specifically in myoblasts. The <i>OLIG2</i>-linked DMRs might be needed because of the overlapping or nearby binding of myogenic differentiation protein 1 (MYOD). We found genome-wide overlap of DMRs with MYOD or CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) binding sites in myoblasts that is consistent with the importance of MYOD, as well as CTCF, in organizing myoblast transcription-enhancing chromatin interactions. We also observed some gene upregulation correlated with a special association of regional DNA hypomethylation with H3K36me3, H3K27ac, and H3K4me1 enrichment. Our study highlights unusual relationships between epigenetics and gene expression that illustrate the interplay between DNA methylation and chromatin epigenetics in the regulation of transcription.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2508251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12160609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2598087
Lotfi Bouzeraa, Camila Bruna de Lima, Helene Martin, Jessica C S Marques, Ronaldo Cerri, Mohamed Oudihat, Marc-Andre Sirard
{"title":"Changes in nuclear and mitochondrial DNA methylation in cow blood associated with age and disease.","authors":"Lotfi Bouzeraa, Camila Bruna de Lima, Helene Martin, Jessica C S Marques, Ronaldo Cerri, Mohamed Oudihat, Marc-Andre Sirard","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2598087","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2598087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA methylation is among the most promising biomarkers for age prediction, enabling the development of epigenetic clocks that correlate methylation profiles with chronological age. In this study, we investigated the relationship between ageing and disease susceptibility, focusing on both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA methylation in dairy cows. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling was performed using enzymatic methyl-seq, covering 53 million CpG sites. The dataset included 96 cows with different phenotypes, sampled cross-sectionally and ranging from 2 to 9 years of age. We applied elastic net regression to identify the most predictive CpG sites for age estimation, achieving a mean absolute error of 111 days with a strong correlation to chronological age <i>r</i> = 0.97. Beyond chronological age prediction, we assessed the impact of disease status on epigenetic ageing. Our results revealed accelerated epigenetic ageing in cows susceptible to diseases, suggesting a link between health-related stress and disrupted DNA methylation dynamics. We further identified age-associated promoter methylation changes, particularly in MAB21L1, which may play a role in molecular ageing mechanisms. Additionally, we observed a decline in mitochondrial DNA methylation with age, notably in genes encoding Cytochrome c oxidase (COX), indicating a possible connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic regulation. An inverse correlation between D-loop methylation and mtDNA copy number was also observed. This study demonstrates the potential of epigenetic models for biological age prediction in livestock, while recognizing that their accuracy may vary among species with different lifespans.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2598087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12688271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145700023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-03-27DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2482382
Shanji Fan, Ying Cui, Yingjie Liu, Yuehua Li, Hong Huang, Zecheng Hu
{"title":"CircMYH9 promotes the mRNA stability of SPAG6 by recruiting EIF4A3 to facilitate the progression of breast cancer.","authors":"Shanji Fan, Ying Cui, Yingjie Liu, Yuehua Li, Hong Huang, Zecheng Hu","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2482382","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2482382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence rate of breast cancer (BC) ranks first among female malignant tumors. Late-stage BC patients are at risk of death from distant metastasis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an important function in cancer development. This study looked at the role of circMYH9 in BC. The nude mouse tumor-bearing experiment was used to verify the role of circMYH9 in regulating BC tumor growth in mice. Gene expression and protein amount were tested by qRT-PCR, western blot, and IHC. The pathological changes in tumor tissues were analyzed by HE staining. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed using CCK8, colony formation assay, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay, respectively. The interactions between circMYH9, SPAG6, and EIF4A3 were analyzed by RIP assay. CircMYH9 was significantly upregulated in BC, and its upregulated was related to poor prognosis. CircMYH9 silencing markedly impaired BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Mechanistically, circMYH9 promoted the mRNA stability and expression of SPAG6 by recruiting EIF4A3. As expected, SPAG6 overexpression abrogated inhibition mediated by circMYH9 knockdown on BC cell malignant behaviors. In addition, circMYH9 knockdown inhibited PI3K/Akt signal pathway by increasing PTEN expression in BC cells, while was reversed by SPAG6 upregulation. PTEN inhibition abolished inhibition induced by circMYH9 downregulation on BC malignant progression. Moreover, circMYH9 silencing inhibited tumor growth in mice. CircMYH9 overexpression regulated the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway by increasing SPAG6 mRNA stability through recruiting EIF4A3, thereby promoting BC malignant progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2482382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-05-22DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2509044
Han Zhou, Yang Wang, Dan Wang, Mei Zhang, Kaidi Wang, Chunhui Liu
{"title":"PRMT1 promotes immune escape in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating arginine methylation modification of MYC protein.","authors":"Han Zhou, Yang Wang, Dan Wang, Mei Zhang, Kaidi Wang, Chunhui Liu","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2509044","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2509044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is widely recognized as an oncogene in various cancers. However, its specific role and underlying mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain insufficiently understood. This study investigated the function of PRMT1 in HCC development and immune evasion. A comprehensive approach combining database analysis (including TCGA, The Human Protein Atlas, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and TIMER2.0), molecular techniques (such as RT-qPCR, Western blot analysis, and co-immunoprecipitation), cell-based assays (including MTT, colony formation, transwell, and T cell killing assays), and <i>in vivo</i> models was employed to explore PRMT1's role in HCC. The findings revealed a marked upregulation of PRMT1 in both HCC clinical samples and cell lines. Depletion of PRMT1 inhibited cell proliferation and immune evasion while reducing cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, PRMT1 was shown to interact with MYC, facilitating its arginine methylation and enhancing its protein stability. Moreover, re-expression of MYC significantly reversed the anti-tumour effects associated with PRMT1 depletion. <i>In vivo</i> experiments further corroborated these results. Collectively, PRMT1 promotes HCC progression and immune escape by mediating ADMA methylation of MYC, thereby regulating its stability and expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2509044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2552129
Muhammad S Siddique, Santosh Anand, Marie-Pierre L Gauthier, Jason O Brant, Michael P Kladde, Ramji K Bhandari, Bradford W Daigneault
{"title":"Tributyltin chloride alters the structural, genomic, and epigenomic integrity of postejaculatory mammalian sperm.","authors":"Muhammad S Siddique, Santosh Anand, Marie-Pierre L Gauthier, Jason O Brant, Michael P Kladde, Ramji K Bhandari, Bradford W Daigneault","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2552129","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2552129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A global priority for ameliorating male factor infertility includes identification of environmental factors and mechanisms that impact sperm function. Detection of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) in seminal plasma and within the female reproductive tract has created an urgent need to understand how environmental stressors alter postejaculatory sperm function. Tributyltin chloride (TBT) is an EDC and epigenetic modifier that causes reproductive disorders. The consequences of TBT exposure on postejaculatory sperm remain unknown. The present study was aimed at identifying structural, genomic, and epigenomic consequences of TBT exposure to postejaculatory sperm. Bovine sperm were exposed to TBT (0, 1, 10, 100 nM) for 24 h followed by quantification of sperm kinematics, DNA integrity, and methylation status. No differences were detected in sperm kinematics or capacitation status. However, acrosome integrity was compromised at both 0 and 24 h (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). Sperm DNA integrity was also negatively affected after 24 h. Whole-genome methyl-seq revealed ~750 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with exposure to TBT. Ingenuity Pathway Analyses and Gene Ontology identified embryo development, cell signaling, and transcriptional regulation as the most relevant bio-functions of TBT altered DMRs. In conclusion, postejaculatory mammalian sperm exposure to TBT negatively affected parameters important for sperm function while altering DNA integrity and the methylation profile of gene promoter regions. Consequences of sperm exposure to TBT included cellular and molecular mechanisms that are important for sperm function but remain undetected by routine clinical analyses. These findings provide new insight into environmental impacts on postejaculatory sperm structure and function.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2552129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12439583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2451495
Lynnea A Nicholls, Kendall A Zeile, London D Scotto, Rebecca J Ryznar
{"title":"Timing of dietary effects on the epigenome and their potential protective effects against toxins.","authors":"Lynnea A Nicholls, Kendall A Zeile, London D Scotto, Rebecca J Ryznar","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2451495","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2451495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to toxins causes lasting damaging effects on the body. Numerous studies in humans and animals suggest that diet has the potential to modify the epigenome and these modifications can be inherited transgenerationally, but few studies investigate how diet can protect against negative effects of toxins. Potential evidence in the primary literature supports that caloric restriction, high-fat diets, high protein-to-carbohydrate ratios, and dietary supplementation protect against environmental toxins and strengthen these effects on their offspring's epigenome. Most notably, the timing when dietary interventions are given - during a parent's early development, pregnancy, and/or lifetime - result in similar transgenerational epigenetic durations. This implies the existence of multiple opportunities to strategically fortify the epigenome. This narrative review explores how to best utilize dietary modifications to modify the epigenome to protect future generations against negative health effects of persistent environmental toxins. Furthermore, by suggesting an ideal diet with specific micronutrients, macronutrients, and food groups, epigenetics can play a key role in the field of preventive medicine. Based on these findings, longitudinal research should be conducted to determine if a high protein, high-fat, and low-carbohydrate diet during a mother's puberty or pregnancy can epigenetically protect against alcohol, tobacco smoke, and air pollution across multiple generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2451495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12698057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2462898
Dan Li, Li Qian, Yufeng Du, Lifang Liu, Ziyue Sun, Yongkang Han, Xiangrui Guo, Chao Shen, Zheng Zhang, Xuejun Liu
{"title":"METTL14-mediated m<sup>6</sup>A modification of DDIT4 promotes its mRNA stability in aging-related idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Dan Li, Li Qian, Yufeng Du, Lifang Liu, Ziyue Sun, Yongkang Han, Xiangrui Guo, Chao Shen, Zheng Zhang, Xuejun Liu","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2462898","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2462898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although N<sup>6</sup>-methyladenosine (m<sup>6</sup>A) may be related to the pathogenesis of fibrotic process, the mechanism of m<sup>6</sup>A modification in aging-related idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains unclear. Three-milliliter venous blood was collected from IPF patients and healthy controls. MeRIP-seq and RNA-seq were utilized to investigate differential m<sup>6</sup>A modification. The expressions of identified m<sup>6</sup>A regulator and target gene were validated using MeRIP-qPCR and real-time PCR. Moreover, we established an animal model and a senescent model of A549 cells to explore the associated molecular mechanism. Our study provided a panorama of m<sup>6</sup>A methylation in IPF. Increased peaks (3756) and decreased peaks (4712) were observed in the IPF group. The association analysis showed that 749 DEGs were affected by m<sup>6</sup>A methylation in IPF. Among the m<sup>6</sup>A regulators, the expression of METTL14 decreased in IPF. The m<sup>6</sup>A level of our interested gene DDIT4 decreased significantly, but the mRNA level of DDIT4 was higher in IPF. This was further verified in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. At the cellular level, it was further confirmed that METTL14 and DDIT4 might participate in the senescence of alveolar epithelial cells. The downregulation of METTL14 might inhibit the decay of DDIT4 mRNA by reducing the m<sup>6</sup>A modification level of DDIT4 mRNA, leading to high expression of DDIT4 mRNA and protein. Our study provided a panorama of m<sup>6</sup>A alterations in IPF and discovered METTL14 as a potential intervention target for epigenetic modification in IPF. These results pave the way for future investigations regarding m<sup>6</sup>A modifications in aging-related IPF.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2462898"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11810098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143364170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EpigeneticsPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2025.2539995
Yang Yang, Xiaosha Wen, Li Wang
{"title":"Advancements in DNA methylation technologies and their application in cancer diagnosis.","authors":"Yang Yang, Xiaosha Wen, Li Wang","doi":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2539995","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15592294.2025.2539995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA methylation is a common epigenetic modification that maintains the integrity of the DNA sequence while profoundly influencing gene expression and phenotypic variation. Aberrant DNA methylation has been associated with the onset and progression of diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Recent advancements in detection technology led to a gradual increase in the exploration of DNA methylation as a valuable biomarker for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Single-base resolution has been achieved for whole-genome methylation analyses through second-generation sequencing technology, significantly enhancing detection efficiency. Additionally, PCR-based methods offer simple and feasible solutions for methylation analysis. In this review, we discuss various methods for detecting DNA methylation, focusing on bisulfite conversion-based techniques, methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme methods, enzyme conversion-based methods, third-generation sequencing approaches, and artificial intelligence. Furthermore, we briefly summarize the methylation biomarkers used for tumor diagnosis and the corresponding sample types employed. We believe that this information provides valuable insights for selecting and optimizing DNA methylation analysis tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":11767,"journal":{"name":"Epigenetics","volume":"20 1","pages":"2539995"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12309559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}