Environmental and Experimental Botany最新文献

{"title":"Spectral lights influence growth and metabolic efficiency leading to enhanced phytochemical contents of Coriandrum sativum L.","authors":"Ambika Goswami,&nbsp;Lopamudra Ballabh,&nbsp;Debashree Debasmita,&nbsp;Adinpunya Mitra","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Coriandrum sativum.</em> L (coriander) is an aromatic herb containing valuable bioactive compounds. The current study aimed to understand the role of light quality influence on the metabolic performance of <em>C. sativum.</em> The study was conducted by integrating LED lights viz. red (100 R:0B), red: blue (50 R:50B); blue (0 R:100B), and warm white (WW, served as control). The fresh and dry biomass was highest under 0 R:100B spectral LED lights, whereas the photosynthetic performance was maximum under 50 R:50B LED lights. Among the major vitamins studied, ascorbic acid content was maximized under 50 R:50B spectral LED lights, while α-tocopherol content was highest under 0 R:100B light conditions. Luteolin and umbelliferone, the detected coumarins, exhibited their highest levels under 50 R:50B light spectral composition, however, chlorogenic acid demonstrated its maximum level under 0 R:100B spectral LED lights. <em>C. sativum</em> plants grown under 50 R:50B light displayed a relatively higher content of volatile compounds including, decanal, 2-decenal, 2,6,11-trimethyldodecane, 2-dodecenal, and (<em>E</em>)-tetradec-2-enal. Glucose, fructose, and sucrose identified as the major primary metabolites, were highest under 50 R:50B light. Moreover, the stem and leaf anatomy exhibited the greatest vascularization when influenced by 50 R:50B and 0 R:100B spectral LED lights. Histochemical studies further revealed an intense accumulation of metabolites under the 50 R:50B spectral light conditions. The study also demonstrated the influence of light quality on chloroplast ultrastructure, influencing starch accumulation and providing insights into plant cell metabolic activity through the observed association of chloroplasts with mitochondria. Taken together, the study suggests that 50 R:50B spectral combination could play an important role in augmenting the metabolic performance and phytonutrient outcomes of <em>C. sativum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106021"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic enhancement of biomass allocation from leaves to stem by far-red light and warm temperature can lead to growth reductions","authors":"Sang Jun Jeong ,&nbsp;Qianwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Genhua Niu ,&nbsp;Shuyang Zhen","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of far-red (FR; 700–800 nm) light can improve plant growth, especially in leafy green vegetables, through enhancing leaf expansion and photon capture. However, higher levels of FR light may induce excessive stem elongation at the expense of leaf expansion. The morphological responses to FR light are mediated by phytochrome photoreceptors, with their activity further dependent on temperature. We aimed to quantify if different plant species respond differently to FR light and temperature conditions. Six economically-important plant species, including three cool-season species (lettuce, kale, and petunia) and three warm-season species (tomato, African marigold, and zinnia) were grown under three FR fractions [FR/(Red+FR); 0, 0.13, and 0.25] and two temperature set points (22 and 28 ℃) to characterize their growth and morphological responses. Increasing the FR fraction from 0 to 0.25 led to a 26–47 % increase in leaf expansion in lettuce, kale, petunia, and zinnia at 22 ℃. However, the total leaf area of tomato and African marigold decreased by 14–26 % as the FR fraction increased to 0.25 at 22 ℃. At a warmer temperature of 28 ℃, unlike the response observed under cooler temperature, increasing the FR fraction resulted in excessive stem elongation (a 36–101 % increase) and a 16–49 % reduction in leaf expansion in lettuce, kale, and petunia. For tomato, African marigold, and zinnia, the total leaf area increased by 15–26 % as the FR fraction increased from 0 to 0.13 at 28 ℃; however, further increasing the FR fraction from 0.13 to 0.25 resulted in a reduction in total leaf area. Across all six species, a high FR fraction combined with warm temperature synergistically stimulated stem elongation at the expense of leaf expansion. Shoot biomass responded to FR light and warm temperature similarly to leaf expansion in all six species. We further characterized the physiological responses to FR light and temperature in lettuce and tomato. In both crops, FR light generally increased the quantum yield of photosystem II, while decreasing the net CO₂ assimilation rate per unit leaf area, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and chlorophyll a:b ratio. Additionally, FR light increased soluble sugar:starch ratio in leaves at 28 ℃, but not at 22 ℃, suggesting that the synergistic effect of FR light and warm temperature on stem elongation may be mediated by increased soluble sugar translocation from leaves to stem. We concluded that the enhanced stem growth under FR light and warm temperature can lead to reduced plant biomass. Our results further indicate that the interactive effects between FR light and temperature on plant growth and morphology were species-dependent, with distinct responses observed among species with different temperature preferences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106024"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses reveal potential regulatory mechanisms of curly leaves in Tartary buckwheat","authors":"Xueling Ye ,&nbsp;Pan Wang ,&nbsp;Ranfei Luo ,&nbsp;Zhen Gan ,&nbsp;Peiyu Yang ,&nbsp;Wenjun Sun ,&nbsp;Yu Fan ,&nbsp;Changying Liu ,&nbsp;Yan Wan ,&nbsp;Qi Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Wu ,&nbsp;Dabing Xiang ,&nbsp;Tingting Yan ,&nbsp;Jie Kang ,&nbsp;Liang Zou ,&nbsp;Gang Zhao ,&nbsp;Jianguo Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tartary buckwheat (<em>Fagopyrum tataricum</em> Gaertn.) is a pseudocereal crop grown in sunny areas at high altitudes. To achieve high yield, this species is often densely planted. It is believed that moderately curly and upright leaves are beneficial for increasing the photosynthetic efficiency of a densely planted crop. However, little research on curly leaves has been reported for this species. The study reported here analyzed two EMS mutants Xi5M and P10M with curly and upright leaves using cytological, physiological, and transcriptomic approaches. Results showed that compared with their respective wild types, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, and yield of effective quantum of photosystem Ⅱ were all increased in both mutants. The number of chloroplasts increased, and the number of granum lamellas was increased, and more tightly connected. These changes led to increased photosynthetic pigment contents in mutants. The unbalanced arrangement of upper and lower epidermal cells led to leaf curling in the mutants. The transcriptomic analysis detected 510 genes that were differentially expressed between both of the mutants and their respective wild types (i.e., Xi5M vs Xi5, and P10M vs PP10). They were mainly enriched in plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and ABC transporters. Analyses of leaf characteristics, function annotation of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and protein-protein interaction networks revealed 12 candidate genes which, by regulating cell development and plant hormone response, potentially regulated leaf curliness. Our study developed new leaf-shaped materials that could be valuable in enhancing the yield of Tartary buckwheat by improving population photosynthetic efficiency and revealed potential mechanisms of leaf curliness in this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142654365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effects of early and timely sowing on wheat cultivar HD 2967 under current and future tropospheric ozone scenarios","authors":"Annesha Ghosh ,&nbsp;Bhanu Pandey ,&nbsp;Madhoolika Agrawal ,&nbsp;S.B. Agrawal","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the impact of elevated ozone (eO₃) levels on the growth and yield of the wheat cultivar HD 2967 under different sowing dates in open-top chambers. Wheat was sown early on November 1st and timely on November 20th, 2017, under ambient and elevated O₃ (ambient + 20 ppb), resulting in four treatment groups: AT (ambient + timely), ET (elevated + timely), AE (ambient + early), and EE (elevated + early). Results showed significant reductions in morphological traits and gas-exchange parameters, including photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency under eO₃. The most notable decreases were observed 40 days after germination (DAG) compared to 80 DAG. Interestingly, while a higher percentage reduction was observed under ET at 80 DAG, a reversal in the trend of percentage reduction between the two stages was noted, suggesting a dynamic response of the wheat cultivar to stress across the growth stage. However, compared with ET's results, early sowing mitigated these negative effects under a futuristic O₃ level scenario, showing no significant impact on grain yield and productivity factors. This resilience is attributed to the extended growth period, enhancing photosynthesis and biomass accumulation while avoiding high eO₃ concentrations during critical reproductive stages. Furthermore, a trade-off in ET plants suggests resources are allocated towards defense (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants) at the expense of growth, while EE conditions favor growth at later stages, maintaining reproductive fitness despite eO₃ levels. Under conventional timely sowing, wheat may suffer yield declines of up to 30 % amidst rising eO₃ levels. Early sowing emerges as a proactive strategy to maintain wheat productivity under increasing O₃ stress. Future studies should explore the effectiveness of early sowing across multiple wheat cultivars and climatic conditions to inform sustainable agricultural practices in high O₃ areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and rhizospheric microbial community analysis unveil the high tolerance of woody bamboo Dendrocalamus brandisii under cadmium toxicity","authors":"Yurong Cao ,&nbsp;Qian Cheng ,&nbsp;Changyan Bao ,&nbsp;Zhiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenjun Wu ,&nbsp;Hanqi Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) can disrupt the physiological functions of plants and affect the soil microenvironment. Previous studies have demonstrated the strong Cd tolerance of woody bamboo species, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. <em>Dendrocalamus brandisii</em> is a famous woody bamboo produces highly valued bamboo shoots in SW China and Southeast Asia. To analyze <em>D. brandisii</em>'s tolerance mechanisms to Cd stress, changes in physiology, gene expression, and rhizosphere microbial structure were analyzed in a simulated pot experiment, by exposing <em>D. brandisii</em> to different Cd concentrations. According to the results, the roots are the main sites for Cd accumulation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated that excess Cd induced damage to plant organ cell ultrastructure, as chloroplast structural abnormalities and deformations in cell walls. Based on transcriptome analysis, some key DEGs and their involved pathways, such as metal transporters were identified to perform crucial roles in Cd tolerance. In addition, Cd significantly affects soil pH and further influences microbial community structure. Under Cd stress, the increased abundance of Proteobacteria and Ascomycota likely facilitated Cd tolerance in <em>D. brandisii</em>. Overall, the physiological characteristics of <em>D. brandisii</em> and beneficial rhizospheric microbes may improve the Cd tolerance in this bamboo, implying woody bamboos are a promising environment-restoration plant. These results provide important information for further research on multifunctional genes of Cd tolerance and selective changes in rhizosphere microbial communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106019"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change in root morphology, growth, and P transfer: Does foliar P application restrain root P-foraging behavior of Cunninghamia lanceolata seedlings in P-deficient environments?","authors":"Linxin Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Yang ,&nbsp;Kun He ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ahtesham Aslam ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Xiangqing Ma ,&nbsp;Pengfei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although foliar phosphorus application (FPA) is a fertilization method that can rapidly supplement nutrient elements in plants, it remains unclear whether it significantly affects the response strategy of roots under environmental stress. In this study, changes in plant growth, biomass allocation, and P use efficiency (PUE) of Chinese fir in different P environments were analyzed by FPA and root P application (RPA) treatments. The effects of FPA on P-foraging behavior of Chinese fir root system in P-deficient environment were then discussed. The root biomass with RPA was more significant at 0.03–0.25 mmol·L⁻¹ P concentrations than that with FPA; however, the PUE was significantly reduced by 28.89–29.41 %. With an increase in the P application concentration, under the effect of FPA, the Chinese fir roots mainly reduced root proliferation by decreasing the tip number, surface area and volume but increasing in diameter, as well as the PUE of root, aboveground. As a result, the entire plant was improved. However, the degree of morphological adjustment of the root system was lower than that under RPA. In summary, both FPA and RPA can alleviate P starvation in Chinese fir to a certain extent, thereby improving PUE. Compared with RPA, FPA had a more significant impact on the behavior of Chinese fir roots in sensing and responding to soil P content, and the roots could more quickly sense changes in P content in the body. This mechanism provides valuable insights into the root response strategies of plants in P-deficient environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PIF4 and phytohormones signalling under abiotic stress","authors":"Hina Arya,&nbsp;Mohan B. Singh,&nbsp;Prem L. Bhalla","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abiotic stressors like excessive temperatures, drought, and salinity threaten crop productivity and food security. Molecular mechanisms underlying plants’ acclimatization to environmental stresses are complex, and understanding the intricate mechanisms is crucial for developing agriculture resilience to withstand global climate change. This review focuses on the diverse roles of <em>Phytochrome Interacting Factor 4 (PIF4)</em> in facilitating phytohormone signalling for plant stress tolerance. To better understand the PIF4-mediated responses to heat, drought, and salt stress, we have reviewed data from studies across various plant species. Further, the interactions of <em>PIF4</em> with gibberellin pathways, auxin biosynthesis, and ethylene and brassinosteriod networks to facilitate growth and development under abiotic stresses are highlighted. Recent data on the functional analysis of <em>PIF4</em> gene(s) in crops such as soybean, cotton, tomato, and rice suggest its vital role. Overall, this review provides a broad account of <em>PIF4-</em>mediated stress signalling in plants and highlights how its modulation by cutting-edge biotechnology or gene editing tools could lead to the development of resilient crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106016"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SlCHP16 promotes root growth and enhances saline-alkali tolerance of tomato","authors":"Zhen Kang ,&nbsp;Xiangguang Meng ,&nbsp;Zhijun Fang ,&nbsp;Chunyu Shang ,&nbsp;Rihan Wu ,&nbsp;Junhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Hu ,&nbsp;Guobin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the increasing salinization in the world, crop growth and yield had a serious threat. Roots as the organ of the plant direct contact the saline-alkali environment has received more and more attention. The Divergent C1 (DC1) domain protein plays an important role in plant growth, development, and stress response. In this study, overexpression of <em>SlCHP16</em> promoted tomato root growth, while knocking out <em>SlCHP16</em> inhibited tomato root growth. In the roots of <em>SlCHP16</em> overexpressing plants, the auxin synthesis key gene <em>SlTAA2</em> was significantly up-regulated, which increased auxin synthesis and accumulation and promoted root cell elongation. Meanwhile, the expression levels of cell expanding-related genes <em>SlLRP</em>, <em>SlXTH9</em> and <em>SlEXPB1</em> were up-regulated. The opposite was observed in <em>SlCHP16</em> knockout plants. Under saline-alkali stress, the root growth rate of <em>SlCHP16</em> overexpressed lines was significantly higher than that of AC, and <em>SlCHP16</em> knockout lines had poor root development during seed germination and seedling growth. At the same time, after saline-alkali stress treatment, <em>SlCHP16</em>-overexpressing lines showed higher tolerance, while <em>SlCHP16</em> knockout plants were more sensitive to saline-alkali stress. In conclusion, <em>SlCHP16</em> promoted root growth and enhanced saline-alkali tolerance in tomato. This work provides new insights into the mechanism of tomato root development and provides resources for developing new salt-alkali tolerant tomato varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A putative NF-Y complex interacting with ERD15 may positively regulate the expression of a peroxidase gene in response to stress in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)","authors":"Ji Wang ,&nbsp;Mengjia Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiuping Chen ,&nbsp;Jianyang Hua ,&nbsp;Qian Cui ,&nbsp;Ebru Toksoy Öner ,&nbsp;Huijuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Xu ,&nbsp;Mingxiang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress is one of the major constraints on crop productivity, including rapeseed (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.). Nuclear factors Y (NF-Ys) are important transcription factors involved in plant responses to drought and other stresses. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear in rapeseed. By silencing <em>BnaNF-YA9</em> in rapeseed and transforming <em>BnaNF-YA9</em> into the Arabidopsis mutant <em>Atnf-ya5</em>, we demonstrated that BnaNF-YA9 plays a positive role in drought resistance. To explore its regulatory mechanism, we performed protein-protein interaction analyses using various approaches. Our study revealed complex interactions among BnaNF-YA9, BnaNF-YB2, BnaNF-YC4, and EARLY RESPONSIVE TO DEHYDRATION 15 (ERD15), suggesting that these proteins form a multimember complex. We also showed that BnaNF-YA9 binds to the CCAAT element in the promoter of a <em>BnaPRX</em> gene, which encodes a peroxidase. Interestingly, overexpression of <em>BnaNF-YC4</em> or <em>BnaERD15</em> in Arabidopsis increased sensitivity to salt stress, drought, and abscisic acid. Our results support an NF-Y/ERD15/PRX cascade and suggest a complex regulatory network in rapeseed that may be important in maintaining ROS homeostasis during abiotic stress responses. Our findings provide insights into potential targets for improving drought resilience in crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATAC sequencing and transcriptomics reveal the impact of chromatin accessibility on gene expression in Tritipyrum under salt-stress conditions","authors":"Huaizhi Tian ,&nbsp;Yuanhang Mu ,&nbsp;Shasha Yang ,&nbsp;Jv Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaolian Yang ,&nbsp;Qingqin Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangdong Geng ,&nbsp;Suqin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants have evolved various regulatory mechanisms that adjust gene expression levels to enhance their salt adaptability. Here, the seedling height, root length, plant fresh weight, total root surface area, and total root volume of <em>Tritipyrum</em> ‘Y1805’ increased significantly under salt-stress and recovery conditions. The plant water content showed limited changes under salt stress. The cytokinin, amino acid, soluble protein, and pyruvate contents, as well as the peroxidase activity, increased under salt stress and decreased quickly after recovery. The MDA content and electrical conductivity increased after 5 h of salt stress, but they returned rapidly to the control level afterwards. ‘Y1805’ had strong salt tolerance and could adapt quickly to salt-stress conditions. An assay of transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (ATAC-seq) indicated that most peaks were located in the distal intergenic regions under salt-stress and control conditions. We found 85 motifs in the 1776 location-specific peaks and 478 motifs in altered signal peaks under salt stress. The transcription factors binding to these motifs belonged mainly to the MYB family, followed by the AP2/EREBP, bZIP, bHLH, and WRKY families. The main Gene Ontology terms organic acid catabolic process, carboxylic acid catabolic process, cellular hormone metabolic process, cytokinin metabolic process, and cellular amino acid catabolic process were significantly enriched based on the associated differentially expressed genes between ATAC-seq and transcriptomics. Based on the transcriptional regulatory network and gene expression level, the <em>Tritipyrum</em> ‘Y1805’ <em>HSF6–1</em> gene was selected and cloned. Leaves of the wild-type plants appeared seriously wilted under salt stress, but most leaves of the <em>TtHSF6–1</em> transgenic line remained upright. The seedling height, root length, plant fresh weight, and plant dry weight of the <em>TtHSF6–1</em> transgenic line increased significantly compared with those of the WT plant under salt-stress and recovery conditions. The MDA content and electrical conductivity values of the <em>TtHSF6–1</em> transgenic line were significantly less than those of the WT plants under salt-stress conditions. Thus, <em>TtHSF6–1</em> contributed to salt tolerance. These results provided valuable genes for wheat improvement and offer fundamental insights into the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of salt tolerance in <em>Tritipyrum</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}