Environmental and Experimental Botany最新文献

{"title":"Plant resistance to the whitefly Bemisia tabaci is compromised in salt-stressed Capsicum","authors":"Lotte Caarls ,&nbsp;Faith Enigimi ,&nbsp;Wendy P.C. van ’t Westende ,&nbsp;Kas Swinkels ,&nbsp;Wouter Kohlen ,&nbsp;Gerard van der Linden ,&nbsp;Ben Vosman","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change has profound effects on crop production, for example through increasing temperatures, and more frequent extreme weather events. Climate change can also lead to increased pest pressure. How plants cope under double stress conditions is dependent on pest species, environment, and plant genotype, and for many plant-insect interactions, this knowledge is lacking. The whitefly <em>Bemisia tabaci</em> is an important pest worldwide and can be destructive for pepper (<em>Capsicum)</em> production. Breeding resistant varieties could aid in combatting whiteflies in a sustainable manner. In this study, we aimed to identify <em>Capsicum</em> accessions with resistance to <em>B. tabaci</em>, and study how this resistance was affected by salt stress. We grew 25 <em>Capsicum</em> accessions under salt treatment, and measured <em>B. tabaci</em> survival and oviposition. We identified four accessions with increased whitefly resistance, exhibited as higher adult mortality. Under salt stress, growth of most accessions was inhibited, and Na⁺ accumulated in shoots. Importantly, in all plants that had experienced salt stress, whitefly survival and oviposition increased, essentially nullifying resistance in salt-stressed plants. When plants were treated with salt, the phytohormone jasmonic acid was reduced compared to whitefly-infested plants without salt, possibly resulting in reduced defense to whiteflies. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of pest resilient plants in a changing climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding phytohormone signaling in plant stress physiology: Insights, challenges, and future directions","authors":"Naeem Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytohormones are pivotal regulators of plant stress physiology, orchestrating adaptive responses to environmental challenges and ensuring crop resilience. This comprehensive review explores the intricate signaling networks through which phytohormones operate, emphasizing their critical contributions to stress adaptation. Highlighting the complex crosstalk and feedback mechanisms among multiple hormones (viz. Abscisic acid (ABA), Jasmonic acid (JA), Ethylene, Cytokinin, Gibberellic acid (GA) and Brassinosteroids) and pathways, the review elucidates the role of phytohormones in shaping stress responses at various regulatory levels, from transcriptional to epigenetic regulation. Despite significant progress, deciphering phytohormone signaling networks presents formidable challenges, including inherent complexity and technical constraints. Addressing these hurdles requires interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative methodologies. The review outlines promising research directions aimed at unraveling additional layers of hormonal regulation and enhancing our predictive capabilities for engineering stress-tolerant plants. Overall, this review highlights the pivotal role of phytohormones in plant stress physiology and their implications for sustainable agriculture and food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought memory expression varies across ecologically contrasting forest tree species","authors":"Andrei Toca ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Gonzalez-Benecke ,&nbsp;Andrew S. Nelson ,&nbsp;Douglass F. Jacobs","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trees may exhibit long-lasting morpho-physiological acclimation in response to drought (i.e. drought memory) throughout their extensive life cycles. This acclimation might be particularly crucial for seedlings and saplings due to their limited access to water. We studied the development of drought stress memory in seedlings of black walnut (<em>Juglans nigra L.</em>), western larch (<em>Larix occidentalis</em> Nutt.), and Douglas-fir (<em>(Pseudotsuga menziesii</em> var. <em>menziesii</em> (Mirb.) Franco) in response to controlled drought exposure during their germination year (drought priming). We evaluated the effects of drought priming under a second-year drought, focusing on changes in water uptake capacity and transpiration demand, biomass allocation to new roots and foliage, root architecture, and photosynthesis. Drought priming led to significant morpho-physiological responses in the new leaves and roots developed during the subsequent growing season drought. Western larch showed increased biomass allocation to roots, higher specific root length and root tips, and enhanced water uptake, while Douglas-fir exhibited earlier bud break, greater net photosynthesis, and increased foliage growth. In contrast, black walnut seedlings displayed no notable changes in biomass allocation or physiology. Our results also show that biomass allocation to new roots plays a crucial role in enhancing water uptake capacity and gas exchange during seedling establishment. These findings underscore the importance of drought memory for stress resistance in trees, influencing the capacity of forests to regenerate and respond to recurrent droughts and climate change. The formation and expression of drought memory, however, varied across species, highlighting the complexity of adaptive responses across different forest ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of waterlogging at different duration on growth and physiological characteristics of Cenchrus fungigraminus","authors":"Simeng Song ,&nbsp;Hengyu Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuan Luo ,&nbsp;Shikui Yu ,&nbsp;Dewei Su ,&nbsp;Dan Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhaoxiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zongzhi Luo ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Zhanxi Lin ,&nbsp;Dongmei Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Waterlogging, or excessive accumulation of water in the soil, poses significant stress to riparian ecosystems and agroforestry, especially with increasing global rainfall. <em>Cenchrus fungigraminus</em> is a vital agricultural resource, biomaterial, and super-energy plant with high resistance and adaptability. This study examined its morphological and physiological responses under root and above-ground waterlogging for up to 30 days. Results showed that waterlogging significantly inhibited growth, reducing membrane permeability, and root activity, and accelerating leaf senescence (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Despite this, <em>C. fungigraminus</em> achieved 100 % survival after 30 days of waterlogging. The plant adapted to the hypoxic environment by enhancing oxygen channels through cortex cell loosening, lysigenous tissue formation, and adventitious root development. It also activated defense mechanisms, increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, and CAT), levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants (AsA and GSH), osmotic regulators (SS, SP, and Pro), and anaerobic respiratory enzymes (PDC, ADH, and LDH), and hormones (ABA, IAA, GA, and ETH). Under two levels of waterlogging depth, the plant initially adopted the Low-O₂ escape strategy (LOES), but over time, it transitioned to the Low-O₂ quiescence strategy (LOQS), while still retaining some features of the LOES. Our results revealed that <em>C. fungigraminus</em> demonstrates strong adaptability to waterlogging, especially in response to root waterlogging. By employing anatomical adjustments and exceptional cellular defense mechanisms, the species effectively mitigates damage, establishing itself as an excellent forage grass for slope protection under waterlogged conditions. These results offer valuable guidance for selecting waterlogging-tolerant species to restore and rehabilitate degraded riparian ecosystems in the Yellow River Basin, optimize land use in waterlogging-prone areas, and advance the genetic improvement of waterlogging tolerance in other forage varieties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106096"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knockout of OsBURP12 enhances salt tolerance in rice seedlings","authors":"Zengtong Luo ,&nbsp;Sijia Yu ,&nbsp;Jialing Chen ,&nbsp;Qianyi Liu ,&nbsp;Mangu Hu ,&nbsp;Xiao Yang ,&nbsp;Yongxiang Huang ,&nbsp;Wuming Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The BURP gene family encodes the BURP domain protein, a type of plant-specific protein that plays an important role in plant development, metabolism and stress resistance. Salt stress is one of the major stresses faced by rice. However, there is a lack of systematic understanding of the BURP family involved in the regulation of salt stress in rice, especially for the gene <em>OsBURP12</em>. Our study used <em>japonica</em> rice variety Zhonghua 11 (ZH11), as the wild type (WT), and its <em>OsBURP12</em> knockout lines to fill the gap of the understanding. NaCl solution was used for salt stress treatment. Related physiological and biochemical analyses were carried out to investigate the regulatory mechanism of <em>OsBURP12</em> on salt tolerance in rice seedlings. The results showed that the survival rate, seedling height, root length and fresh weight of the knockout lines were significantly higher than those of the WT under salt stress, indicating that the salt tolerance of the knockout lines was significantly better than that of the WT. Under salt stress, the knockout lines had significantly higher antioxidant enzyme activity, lower accumulation of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and higher expression of genes related to ROS-scavenging than the WT. In addition, the knockout lines showed significantly lower PG activity and Na⁺ content, but significantly higher pectin content, K⁺ and Ca²⁺ content than the WT. Furthermore, the knockout lines had significantly higher ABA and ACC levels than the WT. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that the expression levels of genes related to ABA and ethylene synthesis and signaling were significantly higher in the knockout lines than in the WT. The results suggested that the knockout of <em>OsBURP12</em> can improve ROS-scavenging ability, affect PG activity, regulate Na⁺ uptake, and mediate the synthesis and metabolism of ABA and ACC in response to salt stress for a tolerance in rice. Our study laid the foundation for further analysis of the function of BURP family genes in plants, and provided a valuable genetic resource for studying the mechanism of salt tolerance in rice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143103437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High air temperature reduces plant specialized metabolite yield in medical cannabis, and has genotype-specific effects on inflorescence dry matter production","authors":"Mexximiliaan M.S.F. Holweg ,&nbsp;Thomas Curren ,&nbsp;Aurora Cravino ,&nbsp;Elias Kaiser ,&nbsp;Iris F. Kappers ,&nbsp;Ep Heuvelink ,&nbsp;Leo F.M. Marcelis","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving and standardizing the production of medical cannabis is essential for developing consistent and uniform medical products. Key challenges are achieving high concentrations of plant specialized metabolites (PSMs), uniformity of PSMs at different positions in the canopy, and high inflorescence dry matter production, while minimizing energy inputs for heating, ventilation, cooling, and electrical lighting. This study evaluated the effects of air temperature and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) on PSM and dry matter production, and photosynthetic efficiency in medical cannabis (<em>Cannabis sativa</em>), 'Original Blitz' and 'Harmony CBD'. Plants were grown in climate-controlled chambers at three PPFD (600, 900, 1200 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹) during the short-day (generative) phase. The experiment spanned four cultivation cycles, with two at a lower temperature (day/night 25/21 °C) and two at a higher temperature (31/27 °C) during the short-day phase. Higher air temperature reduced total cannabinoid concentrations, but had no effects on terpenoids, while enhancing PSM uniformity between upper and lower inflorescences. Further, higher air temperature either decreased inflorescence dry matter production (in 'Harmony CBD') or had no effect (in 'Original Blitz'), thus influencing total cannabinoid yield. Increasing PPFD resulted in a linear rise in inflorescence dry matter production without affecting PSM composition, increasing overall cannabinoid yield. Toward the end of the short-day phase, leaf photosynthesis declined, likely due to leaf senescence. High temperatures caused abnormal inflorescence clusters to develop on top of older inflorescences, disrupting typical maturation and leading to lower cannabinoid levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106085"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-regulated interactions between Phaeobacter sp. and Ulva ohnoi (Chlorophyta): Effects on microbiome dynamics, metabolome composition, and tropodithietic acid production","authors":"Zujaila Nohemy Qui-Minet ,&nbsp;Thomas Wichard ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Del Olmo ,&nbsp;Mariana Pereira ,&nbsp;Hermann Holbl ,&nbsp;Patricia Ruiz ,&nbsp;Javier Cremades ,&nbsp;José Pintado","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Ulva</em> spp. are economically important macroalgae with various industrial applications, including as biofiltration agents for fish effluents in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture recirculating systems (IMTA-RAS). Recent works have proposed inoculating <em>U. ohnoi</em> with the probiotic bacterium <em>Phaeobacter</em> sp. strain 4UAC3 to tackle fish pathogens such as <em>Vibrio</em> spp. in IMTA-RAS. However, the disappearance of <em>Phaeobacter</em> sp. 4UAC3 upon inoculation of <em>U. ohnoi</em> under a regular photoperiod presents significant challenges. This study aimed to investigate how different light regimes impact the relationship between the <em>U. ohnoi</em> holobiont and <em>Phaeobacter</em> sp., focusing on how the colonization of <em>Phaeobacter</em> sp. strain 4UAC3 on <em>U. ohnoi</em> surfaces affects the alga's microbiome and metabolome dynamics. We also sought to validate the presence of tropodithietic acid (TDA), which can act as a probiotic. The study revealed the critical role of light in shaping microbial interactions between <em>Phaeobacter</em> sp. and <em>U. ohnoi</em>: The light regime significantly altered the microbial community structure, metabolite production, and physiological responses of both the bacterium and the alga. <em>Phaeobacter</em> sp. strain 4UAC3 thrived in darkness, modulating the microbiome and the <em>exo</em>- and <em>endo</em>-metabolomes of <em>U. ohnoi</em>. TDA was only identified under dark conditions and released into the algal chemosphere, while <em>Phaeobacter</em> antimicrobial properties were most pronounced in close association with the alga. These findings underline the importance of environmental factors, such as light regime, in driving microbial and molecular dynamics in marine holobionts. In addition, our results have direct implications for the application of <em>U. ohnoi</em> and <em>Phaeobacter</em> sp. in aquaculture, providing valuable insights for future research and practical applications in the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stomatal and non-stomatal regulations of photosynthesis in response to salinity, and K and Ca fertigation in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L cv.)","authors":"Yingying Ma ,&nbsp;Zuoqiang Yuan ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wei ,&nbsp;Fei Yan ,&nbsp;Xuezhi Liu ,&nbsp;Xiangnan Li ,&nbsp;Jingxiang Hou ,&nbsp;Zhanqing Hao ,&nbsp;Fulai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To study the response of photosynthesis of cotton plants to salinity, and K and Ca fertigation, leaf gas exchange, light and CO₂ response curves, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, leaf N, P, Mg, K, Na and Ca concentrations, and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured. Cotton plants were grown at either 0 or 150 mM NaCl salinity (C and S treatment, respectively), and fertigated with or without K and Ca addition (O and K+Ca treatment, respectively). The results showed that 150 mM NaCl salinity decreased stomatal conductance (g_s), transpiration rate (T_r) and chloroplast CO₂ concentration (C_c). Yet it increased light saturated photosynthetic rate (A_L), CO₂ saturated photosynthetic rate (A_C), mesophyll conductance (g_m), maximum electron transport rate (J_max), maximum Rubisco carboxylation rate (V_cmax) and triose phosphates use rate (TPU), resulting in a similar net photosynthesis rate (A_n) to that of C plants. K+Ca treatment enhanced A_n, g_s, T_r and C_c, particular under S condition, while it had no significant effects on g_m, J_max, V_cmax and TPU. Salt-induced increases in J_max, V_cmax and TPU were associated with higher [N]_leaf and [P]_leaf, whereas the J_max/V_cmax ratio decreased with increasing [N]_leaf and [P]_leaf, and C_c decreased with increasing [N]_leaf. Salt-induced improvement in A_C was linked to lower J_max/V_cmax ratio and C_c, while the increase in A_L could be ascribed to the lower non-photochemical quenching and higher photosystem II efficiency, which could be partially attributed to the salt-caused improvement in leaf superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase activies. In conclusion, 150 mM NaCl salinity increased stomatal limitation but decreased non-stomatal limitation on A_n, resulting in sustained A_n and significantly lowered g_s and T_r, and hence an improved water use efficiency. K and Ca addition could alleviate the salinity-induced decrease in g_s and increase in stomatal limitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive hydraulic strategies of Pinus tabuliformis to drought across moisture-level slopes in the central Qinling Mountains, China","authors":"Lingnan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yixue Hong ,&nbsp;Yanjun Song ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Zeng ,&nbsp;Yan Liu ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Pérez-de-Lis","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the response mechanism of tree growth to climate change is essential for predicting future forest dynamics in temperate regions facing significant warming and drying situations. However, the mechanisms by which trees adjust their hydraulic structure, growth and physiology in response to water stress and their effects on radial growth and canopy dynamics across different moisture environments remain poorly understood. We investigate the strategies employed by <em>Pinus tabuliformis</em> on dry and wet slopes of the central Qinling Mountains in China to adapt their xylem to climate variability, using anatomical indicators (theoretical hydraulic conductivity (Kh), cell wall thickness, and conduit wall reinforcement (CWR)), tree-ring width and intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) derived from δ¹³C analyses. Contrasting drought adjustment strategies were observed on dry and wet slopes. Trees on the drier slope deployed a relatively acquisitive strategy characterized by higher Kh and lower CWR. In contrast, trees on wetter slopes adopted a relatively conservative strategy with lower Kh and higher CWR. Under increasing drought severity, trees demonstrated a rise in iWUE, which has the potential to strengthen the response of hydraulic efficiency and safety indicators to precipitation. Moreover, anatomical structure and iWUE differentially affected tree-ring width and Enhanced Vegetation Index at various growing stages. Increasing iWUE could not prevent a decline in radial growth under unfavorable moisture conditions. These findings offer foundational insights into the physiological mechanisms used by <em>P. tabuliformis</em> to adapt to environmental changes in temperate areas, highlighting the complex interactions among climate, anatomical and physiological indicators, and growth dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106087"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus inputs on photosynthesis of three emergent macrophytes in a freshwater wetland","authors":"Xiaopan Wang ,&nbsp;Jiayin Feng ,&nbsp;Jinhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongpeng Wang ,&nbsp;Yunpeng Guo ,&nbsp;Wenjing Ma ,&nbsp;Yaru Lyu ,&nbsp;Chao Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Han ,&nbsp;Jingyi Ru ,&nbsp;Xueli Qiu ,&nbsp;Shiqiang Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The excessive inputs of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) into water bodies lead to eutrophication, resulting in significant alterations in nutrient cycles and wetland productivity. However, how N and P inputs regulate leaf functional traits and thus the photosynthesis of emergent macrophytes remains largely unexplored. Based on a field experiment simulating aquatic eutrophication in a freshwater wetland, this study was conducted to examine the influences of N and P inputs on leaf functional traits and the net photosynthetic rates of three dominant emergent macrophytes including <em>Phragmites australis</em> (<em>P. australis</em>), <em>Sagittaria trifolia</em> (<em>S. trifolia</em>), and <em>Alisma plantago-aquatica</em> (<em>A. plantago-aquatica</em>). The results showed that N input increased the net photosynthetic rates of <em>P. australis</em> and <em>A. plantago-aquatica</em> by 5.37 % and 14.7 %, but did not affect that of <em>S. trifolia</em>. Phosphorus input enhanced the net photosynthetic rate of <em>P. australis</em> by 3.20 %, but had no effects on the other macrophytes. Elevated leaf N content, leaf thickness and specific leaf area primarily drove the increases in photosynthesis of <em>P. australis</em> under eutrophication. By contrast, the stimulated chlorophyll content predominantly explained the enhanced photosynthetic rate of <em>A. plantago-aquatica</em>. In addition, the increased photosynthetic rates of emergent macrophytes positively contributed to plant biomass and ecosystem CH₄ emissions, indicating the importance of plant photosynthesis in driving wetland C source-sink functions. Our findings highlight the crucial roles of leaf functional traits in regulating plant photosynthetic process, and can provide new insights into understanding plant photosynthesis and C cycling feedback under aquatic eutrophication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"230 ","pages":"Article 106086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143136111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}