Environmental and Experimental Botany最新文献

{"title":"Regulation of sulfur metabolism in seedlings of the C4 plant maize upon sulfate deprivation and atmospheric H2S exposure","authors":"Ties Ausma ,&nbsp;Chiel-Jan Riezebos ,&nbsp;Parisa Rahimzadeh Karvansara ,&nbsp;Casper J. van der Kooi ,&nbsp;Luit J. De Kok","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increased cultivation of highly productive C₄ crop plants may contribute to a second green revolution in agriculture. However, the regulation of mineral nutrition is rather poorly understood in C₄ plants. To understand the impact of C₄ photosynthesis on the regulation of sulfate uptake by the root and sulfate assimilation into cysteine at the whole plant level, seedlings of the monocot C₄ plant maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) were exposed to a non-toxic level of 1.0 µl l⁻¹ atmospheric H₂S at sulfate-sufficient and sulfate-deprived conditions. Sulfate deprivation not only affected growth and the levels of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds, but it also enhanced the expression and activity of the sulfate transporters in the root and the expression and activity of APS reductase (APR) in the root and shoot. H₂S exposure alleviated the establishment of sulfur deprivation symptoms and seedlings switched, at least partly, from sulfate to H₂S as sulfur source. Moreover, H₂S exposure resulted in a downregulation of the expression and activity of APR in both shoot and root, though it hardly affected that of the sulfate transporters in the root. These results indicate that maize seedlings respond similarly to sulfate deprivation and atmospheric H₂S exposure as C₃ monocots, implying that C₄ photosynthesis in maize is not associated with a distinct whole plant regulation of sulfate uptake and assimilation into cysteine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of CsaMIR396E-CsaGRFs in regulating root:shoot ratio under osmotic stress in cucumber","authors":"Xinrui Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Wang ,&nbsp;Zhihui Sun,&nbsp;Chenhao Zhou,&nbsp;Zipei Fan,&nbsp;Guochao Yan,&nbsp;Yong He,&nbsp;Zhujun Zhu,&nbsp;Yunmin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As sessile organisms, plants can modify their growth to adapt to the changed environment. Here, our results showed that shoot growth was more severely inhibited than root growth, resulting root:shoot ratio was increased in cucumber under osmotic stress. <em>CsaMIR396E</em> was highly expressed under well-watered condition, however, it was dramatically down-regulated to release its <em>Growth-regulating factor</em> (<em>GRF</em>) targets under osmotic stress in roots, but not in shoots. Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) treatment suggested that down-regulation of <em>CsaMIR396E</em> in roots was depended on ABA signal. <em>CmoMIR396E</em>, the homolog of <em>CsaMIR396E</em> in pumpkin, exhibited a similar osmotic stress response pattern in pumpkin roots, and bioinformatic analysis showed that two motifs were conservatively presented within the promoter of <em>MIR396E</em> in cucurbits. Motif 1 harbored an ABA-response element (ABRE), while motif 2 harbored a (CT)_n/(GA)_n dinucleotide repeat element and functioned as an enhancer. Additionally, the role of <em>CsaMIR396E</em> in regulating root:shoot ratio under osmotic stress was confirmed by transgenic overexpression in Arabidopsis. In summary, our results suggested that <em>CsaMIR396E</em> acts as an osmotic stress response gene in roots, and it regulates root:shoot ratio by miR396-GRFs pathway under osmotic stress in cucumber.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water conservation and assimilation is driven by stomatal behaviour in industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)","authors":"Alison R. Gill ,&nbsp;Aaron L. Phillips ,&nbsp;Stephen D. Tyerman ,&nbsp;Tracy Lawson ,&nbsp;Timothy R. Cavagnaro ,&nbsp;Rachel A. Burton ,&nbsp;Beth R. Loveys","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As rainfall becomes increasingly erratic due to climate change, reliable water availability for crops will decrease, leading to reductions in crop productivity. Crops that can moderate water loss during periods of water deficit but rapidly upregulate physiological and photosynthetic processes when water is available will be valuable. In a controlled environment study, we used gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence methods to investigate how industrial hemp (<em>Cannabis sativa</em> L.) responds to differing watering frequencies (well-watered every two, four, or six days). Here, we report that hemp has a strong conserved relationship between stomatal conductance (<em>g</em>_s) and assimilation (<em>A</em>_n), limiting water loss at the expense of biomass production. Generally, hemp exhibits low <em>g</em>_s relative to high <em>A</em>_n, meaning that while a decrease in <em>g</em>_s limits <em>A</em>_n, it shows favourable high intrinsic water use efficiency (<em>W</em>_i). Hemp stomata respond quickly to water re-supply, recovering rapidly from periods of water deficit via stomatal behavioural mechanisms and rapidly upregulating <em>A</em>_n. These stomatal behaviour traits mean hemp may be a suitable choice for water-efficient cropping in climates with sporadic water availability. Rapid stomatal responses in hemp could also be used to understand the interactions between <em>A</em>_n and <em>W</em>_i, and to help meet plant productivity targets without significant water losses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating phenotypic and molecular approaches to unravel salinity and cold tolerance in wetland plants for ecosystem restoration","authors":"Kai Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaochen Hu ,&nbsp;Qi Sun ,&nbsp;German Spangenberg ,&nbsp;Wei Tang ,&nbsp;Wangdan Xiong ,&nbsp;Yuzhu Wang ,&nbsp;Xuanyang Wu ,&nbsp;Zeng-yu Wang ,&nbsp;Xueli Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wetland salinization represents a significant global environmental challenge, threatening the viability and stability of both plant communities and ecosystems. There are few studies focused on species selection for the restoration of saline wetlands, specifically studies that integrate plant functional traits and molecular mechanisms. <em>Juncus articulatus</em> and <em>Paspalum vaginatum</em>, common perennial herbaceous species in freshwater or saline wetlands, are considered potential candidates for the restoration of saline wetlands. This study assessed phenotypic and physiological disparities in salt and cold tolerance and further employed an integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic approach to comprehensively elucidate the underlying mechanisms of cold tolerance. Under salinity treatments (400 mM NaCl for 5 days followed by 700 mM NaCl for 7 days with uniform irrigation), the survival rate of <em>P. vaginatum</em> reached 87.76 %. <em>P. vaginatum</em> exhibited significantly greater plant height and salt tolerance compared to <em>J. articulatus</em>. It also demonstrated higher proline content and elevated activities of SOD, POD, APX, ASA, and GSH. Additionally, Pn, Fv/Fm, and enzyme activities related to sucrose metabolism were significantly higher. Notably, under 700 mM NaCl salt conditions, <em>P. vaginatum</em> maintained significantly lower Na⁺ concentrations and higher K⁺/Na⁺ ratios in its leaves, as well as higher K⁺ concentrations and K⁺/Na⁺ ratios in its roots. <em>J. articulatus</em> possessed an extensive root system and exhibited significantly higher cold tolerance. After exposure to natural cold conditions during winter, with a minimum ground temperature of-6.5°C for 5 days, the plants exhibited markedly higher proline content and significantly higher activities of SOD, CAT, APX, and GSH. Although Pn exhibited a declining trend, it remained significantly higher than <em>P. vaginatum</em>. Cold stress induced significant transcription-associated metabolomic alterations in <em>J. articulatus</em>, enhancing cold tolerance through upregulated metabolic pathways including glutathione, starch and sucrose, and flavonoid biosynthesis. Under cold stress, it augmented its antioxidant defense by escalating glutathione synthesis and its precursors, L-Glutamate and NADP⁺. Meanwhile, it upregulated sucrose and trehalose levels and significantly increased activities of SS, SPS, and FBPase, which enhanced cold tolerance through the accumulation of soluble sugars. These findings provide valuable insights into the adaptive mechanisms of <em>J. articulatus</em> and <em>P. vaginatum</em>, offering crucial guidance for selecting resilient species in the restoration of saline and cold-affected wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106108"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhizosphere characteristics combined with physiology and transcriptomics reveal key metabolic pathway responses in Dendrobium officinale upon exposure to calcium-rich karst environments","authors":"Guangying Du ,&nbsp;Ying Zhou ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Mansour Ghorbanpour ,&nbsp;Yingyue Hou ,&nbsp;Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dendrobium officinale</em> is a calcicolous herb that adapts to calcium-rich karst environments. However, the mechanism through which <em>D. officinale</em> copes with high calcium stress in karst environments is unclear. In this study, limestone was used as the primary bedrock for cultivating <em>D. officinale</em> in karst areas. The relative calcium content in calcite, which makes up limestone, was 97.46 %, and the total calcium content in black limestone soil was 81.66 mg g⁻¹. Total calcium accumulation in black limestone soil showed a positive correlation with organic matter content, pH, and the dominant microbial groups <em>Firmicutes</em> and <em>Fungi_phy_Incertae_sedis</em> in black limestone soil. Long-term calcium-rich environments induced calcium accumulation and mannose synthesis in the stems of <em>D. officinale</em> grown in karst areas. High calcium stress upregulated the genes implicated in calcium signalling, abiotic stress signalling, mannan degradation, ascorbate biosynthesis, and oxalate transport, including calmodulin-like protein, ascorbate peroxidase 4, and mannan endo-1,4-beta-mannosidase 2 genes, in <em>D. officinale</em> stems. Additionally, high-concentration water-soluble calcium ion stress increased the mannose, ascorbic acid, and calcium oxalate content in the stems of <em>D. officinale</em>. These findings highlight the influence of microbial communities and the physicochemical properties of black limestone soil on high calcium content, as well as the value of calcium oxalate accumulation and the d-mannose pathway of ascorbate biosynthesis in revealing strategies for <em>D. officinale</em> to alleviate calcium-rich soil in karst environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106115"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant plasticity in the face of climate change – CO2 offsetting effects to warming and water deficit in wheat. A review","authors":"Meije Gawinowski ,&nbsp;Karine Chenu ,&nbsp;Jean-Charles Deswarte ,&nbsp;Marie Launay ,&nbsp;Marie-Odile Bancal","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Future crop production will depend on plant plasticity in response to increases in atmospheric CO₂, mean temperature, heatwave and drought events. The present review intends to highlight the impact of interactions between high CO₂ levels, warming and water deficit in existing published experimental data in the case of wheat. To do so, we identified experiments quantifying the effects of such interactions on traits related to crop productivity and water use. We used the collected data to estimate plasticity indices assessing compensation and interaction between elevated CO₂ and adverse climatic conditions, bringing a new perspective on the matter. In the studied data, even though there is an important variability, we found that crop productivity tends to decrease despite the positive effects of the rise in CO₂ concentration. Conversely, with elevated CO₂, water consumption tends to decrease despite the warmer conditions. We hypothesized that the positive effect of CO₂ on crop productivity is greater under drought conditions, which is confirmed in 54 % of the experiments. This review highlights the need to acquire further experimental data under possible future conditions to calibrate and validate crop models: their range of validity requires more thorough testing under the wide range of projected environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the nitrate transporter NRT1.1 in plant iron homeostasis and toxicity on ammonium","authors":"Guangjie Li ,&nbsp;Zhaoyue Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Herbert J. Kronzucker ,&nbsp;Gui Chen ,&nbsp;Yanqin Wang ,&nbsp;Weiming Shi ,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonium (NH₄⁺) is toxic to root growth in most plants, and NH₄⁺ toxicity has been linked to disruptions in plant Fe homeostasis. However, only a few genes have been linked to the disruption of Fe homeostasis under NH₄⁺ nutrition, and pathway details have as yet to be resolved. Here, using RNA-seq analysis and RT-qPCR, we explore the response of different genes expressed in the roots of Fe-replete and Fe-starved Arabidopsis plants under NH₄⁺ conditions. The Nitrate Transporter 1.1 (NRT1.1) gene, known to code for a dual-affinity nitrate transporter, but not other NRTs genes, was specifically induced in Fe-replete plants in response to NH₄⁺ provision. NRT1.1 antagonizes NH₄⁺-dependent Fe accumulation, and this antagonism requires NO₃^- supply. Constitutively expressing NRT1.1 confers higher NO₃^- uptake and reduces NH₄⁺-dependent Fe accumulation by increasing pH in the rhizosphere. Building on previous evidence establishing the involvement of root Fe accumulation in the root growth response to elevated NH₄⁺, our study shows that NRT1.1-mediated nitrate uptake curtails symptoms of NH₄⁺ toxicity under elevated NH₄⁺ and in the presence of NO₃^-, by increasing rhizospheric pH, offering new insights into possible pathways for improving the tolerance to NH₄⁺ toxicity in plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MhbHLH122-MhCLC-c1 regulates Malus hupehensis chloride salt tolerance by promoting Cl- efflux","authors":"Xiaoyue Zhu,&nbsp;Jianfei Song,&nbsp;Wenran Liu,&nbsp;Bing Chen,&nbsp;Jiaxin Lv,&nbsp;Xiaojian Zhang,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhang,&nbsp;Hongqiang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chloride channels (CLCs) are crucial for adapting plants to salt stress. However, the mechanism by which CLCs regulate plants’ responses to chloride salt stress remains unclear. This study identified a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, MhbHLH122, which positively regulated <em>MhCLC-c1</em> transcription. The transcription of <em>MhbHLH122</em> was induced by chloride salt stress. Under conditions of chloride salt stress, <em>M. hupehensis</em> [<em>Malus hupehensis</em> (Pamp.) Rehd. var. <em>pingyiensis</em> Jiang] hairy root-composite plants with <em>MhbHLH122</em> overexpressed alone, <em>MhCLC-c1</em> overexpressed alone, and both of them overexpressed together, as well as <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>, all showed a decrease in the relative cell death rate, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the content of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and the production rate of superoxide anion (O₂^-.). Furthermore, in the ‘Orin’ apple calli with suppression of <em>MhbHLH122</em>, the expression level of <em>MhCLC-c1</em> was down-regulated and it was more sensitive to chloride salt stress. Under conditions of chloride salt stress, overexpression of <em>MhCLC-c1</em> promoted the efflux of Cl^- from <em>M. hupehensis</em> hairy root-composite plants. Moreover, the Cl^- efflux rate was further increased after <em>MhbHLH122</em> was over-expressed in the <em>MhCLC-c1-</em>overexpression plants. Therefore, MhbHLH122 can regulate Cl^- efflux in the root system by upregulating <em>MhCLC-c1</em> expression, thereby enhancing the tolerance of plants to chloride salt stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis of crop leaf gas exchange responses to elevated CO2 and water deficits using optimal stomatal theory","authors":"Bin Du ,&nbsp;M.K. Shukla ,&nbsp;Taisheng Du","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations (eCO₂) and soil water deficits significantly influence gas exchange in plant leaves. However, it remains unclear whether crops optimize carbon assimilation and water dissipation processes in response to eCO₂ and water deficit. Through a comprehensive dataset, we quantified the responses of leaf gas exchange induced by eCO₂ under water deficit, and tested whether the optimal stomatal theory could predict gas exchange responses to elevated atmospheric CO₂ between two typical C3 (wheat) and C4 crops (maize). Our results showed that leaf-scale WUE increased in proportion to increasing eCO₂ for all crops under various water conditions, and there exhibited stronger effects of eCO₂ on reductions in g_s than increases in P_n. A significantly lower stimulatory effect of eCO₂ on maize photosynthesis was observed compared to wheat. This difference is attributed to the distinct physiological characteristics of C4 and C3 plants, with P_n of C4 plants generally showing a less pronounced response to elevated CO₂ due to their different carbon fixation pathways. The eCO₂-induced stimulation of P_n was reduced by the water deficit, and there was a synergistic effect of eCO₂ and water deficit on the g_s and T_r reduction, resulting in further reduction in g_s and T_r under water deficit and eCO₂ condition. The optimal g_s model correctly captured stomatal behavior with eCO₂ across most of datasets in different CO₂ application growth conditions. The stomatal slope parameter (g₁) in optimal stomatal model was lower for maize than wheat, and g₁ exhibited strong species specificity in magnitude and sensitivity to water and CO₂. Under eCO₂ conditions, g₁ increased slightly in wheat but decreased in maize. Incorporating the sensitivity parameters derived from different water levels can avoid significant overestimation of evapotranspiration for possible high-CO₂ scenarios in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerability of Brassica oleracea L. (cabbage) grown in microplastic-contaminated soil to extreme climatic events associated with freeze-thaw","authors":"Kyungwon Min ,&nbsp;Gyuwon Kim ,&nbsp;Hyoungseok Lee ,&nbsp;Young-Kwan Kim ,&nbsp;Sung-Eun Lee ,&nbsp;Sang-Ryong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and environmental pollution have increased the frequency and severity of extreme weather events, exposing plants to multifactorial stress conditions that are poorly understood. While extensive research has explored plant responses to individual stress factors, the impact of combined stresses—such as microplastic (MP) contamination and freeze-thaw cycles—remains largely unexamined. This research investigated how soil microplastic pollution affects the freezing tolerance of cabbage (<em>Brassica oleracea</em> L.), a crop vulnerable to unexpected frosts. Seedlings were grown in soils containing varying MP concentrations (0 %, 2 %, 5 %, and 10 % w/w), and their physiological responses to freezing events (-2.5°C and −3.5°C) were assessed. Our findings revealed that although MP particles were not detected in leaf tissues, MP contamination significantly reduced freezing tolerance in a dose-dependent manner. Plants grown in 10 % MP-treated soil exhibited higher membrane damage, as indicated by increased ion leakage and malondialdehyde levels, and showed more severe oxidative stress, with elevated superoxide (O₂^•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation. These stress responses corresponded with suppressed antioxidant enzyme activities, including catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated distinct physiological patterns between control and MP-treated plants, emphasizing the disruptive impact of MP pollution on stress resilience. This study provides the first empirical evidence that soil microplastic contamination compromises plant tolerance to freeze-thaw cycles, highlighting an overlooked risk to crop performance in changing environmental conditions and calling for further research into the long-term ecological consequences of terrestrial MP pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106110"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}