Environmental and Experimental Botany最新文献

{"title":"Drought alters the physiological quality of runner-type peanut seeds during seed formation","authors":"Leticia Moreno ,&nbsp;Marshall C. Lamb ,&nbsp;Christopher L. Butts ,&nbsp;Ronald B. Sorensen ,&nbsp;R. Scott Tubbs ,&nbsp;W. Scott Monfort ,&nbsp;Timothy L. Grey ,&nbsp;Cristiane Pilon","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sub-optimal water supply during crop development, especially during peak flowering and pod filling, affects the quality of the produced seeds, generally resulting in poor seed quality. The goals of this study were to identify the acquisition pattern of physiological components in peanut seeds as well as to assess the impact of drought during peanut seed development on its physiological quality. The research was conducted at the USDA-ARS National Peanut Research Laboratory in Dawson, GA for three consecutive years (2019, 2020, and 2021) using field conditions under two water regimes, well-watered control and drought stress. Rainout shelters were used to prevent rain in the drought-stressed block for 30 d, starting 80 d after planting. The well-watered block received supplemental irrigation when soil water potential reached −40 kPa. Peanut pods from the cultivar Georgia-06G were harvested at 2500 growing degree days, and the peanut maturity profile board was used to classify the pods into different maturity classes. Germination, vigor, desiccation tolerance (DT), and longevity tests were performed on seeds from each maturity class and both water regimes. The acquisition pattern for the physiological components of seed quality was developed for seeds grown under well-watered and drought conditions. Maximum germination occurred in 'brown 1' and 'brown 2' under drought and well-watered conditions, respectively. Both water regimes reached maximum vigor in the 'brown 1'; however, under well-watered conditions, vigor had a rapid decline after 'brown 1' while under drought stress, the decline in vigor was slower. Maximum DT was achieved between ‘orange’ and 'brown 1' under drought conditions, whereas under well-watered conditions, maximum DT was achieved between 'brown 2' and 'black 1'. Seeds from immature classes had lower capacity to be stored compared with mature seeds. Overall, drought stress promoted greater physiological quality in the peanut seeds than the well-watered treatment. Maximum physiological quality was achieved in the transition from ‘orange’ into 'brown 1' under drought conditions, and in the transition from 'brown 2' to 'black 1' class under well-watered conditions. Also, drought stress preserved seed quality for a longer period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106009"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of light intensity on the responses of seedlings of neotropical tree species to nitrogen source","authors":"Tatiane V. Debiasi ,&nbsp;Anderson K. Calzavara ,&nbsp;Diego G. Gomes ,&nbsp;Izabelle R. Andreas ,&nbsp;Artur B.L. Rondina ,&nbsp;Karoline E. Duarte ,&nbsp;Rodrigo M. Pereira ,&nbsp;Bruno L. Batista ,&nbsp;José A. Pimenta ,&nbsp;Amedea B. Seabra ,&nbsp;Danilo C. Centeno ,&nbsp;Marília Gaspar ,&nbsp;Halley C. Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light intensity plays a crucial role in N uptake and assimilation in plants, but its interaction with different N sources is overlooked. Considering the high energy required for N assimilation, it is hypothesised that low light is critical for the seedling development with both N sources, but with increased light intensity, growing with nitrate (NO₃^-) becomes favourable in relation to ammonium (NH₄⁺). Seedlings of <em>Cecropia pachystachya</em> (pioneer), <em>Guarea kunthiana</em> (shade-tolerant, understory) and <em>Cariniana estrellensis</em> (shade-tolerant, canopy) were grown in hydroponic medium with NO₃^- or NH₄⁺ as the sole N source and subjected to low (LL) or high light (HL) for 60 days. All three species showed a decrease in growth when cultivated with NH₄⁺, compared to NO₃^-, under HL, but not under LL. The decrease in biomass reached 54 % in <em>C. pachystachya</em>, 36 % in <em>G. kunthiana</em> and 26 % in <em>C. estrellensis</em>. Growth reduction was associated with stomatal limitation of photosynthesis and reduced leaf area in <em>C. pachystachya</em>, and with non-stomatal limitation of photosynthesis and oxidative stress in <em>G. kunthiana</em>. Cation uptake was negatively affected by NH₄⁺ in all species. <em>Cariniana estrellensis</em> showed no photosynthetic limitation and showed a higher tolerance to NH₄⁺ under HL in terms of nutrient content. In conclusion, neither N source significantly favors seedling development under LL, while NH₄⁺ is considerably more unfavorable for seedling development than NO₃^- under HL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminium bioavailability and toxicity disrupted chloroplast structure and inhibited inorganic carbon utilization and nutrient uptake in Vallisneria natans at acidic and alkaline pH","authors":"Shahbaz Khan ,&nbsp;Runan Li ,&nbsp;Ruxue Pan ,&nbsp;Chuanling Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanfei Lv ,&nbsp;Hua Tang ,&nbsp;Jiaquan Huang ,&nbsp;Liyan Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vallisneria natans</em>, as submerged aquatic plants, face significant threats from aluminium (Al) toxicity. While the effects of Al at low pH on terrestrial plants have been extensively studied, there is a lack of research on the impacts of both low and high pH on chloroplast ultrastructure and nutrient uptake in submerged plants. This research is important as it aims to fill this gap by exposing the leaves of Vallisneria natans to 100 μM Al at varying pH levels (4.5, 5.5, 7.5, and 9.5) for 48 hours. The results showed that inorganic carbon (CT), CO₂, and HCO₃ content increased at extreme pH levels (4.5 and 9.5), suggesting decreased inorganic carbon utilization under Al stress. Additionally, photosystem II efficiency and electron transport rate were significantly reduced at extreme pH levels, highlighting the sensitivity of V. natans to Al. Chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll content were significantly lower at pH 4.5 compared to pH 7.5. Chloroplast structural disruptions were evident at extreme pH levels coupled with Al exposure, whereas minimal injury was observed at pH 5.5 and 7.5. The study also noted vacuole enlargement, altered plasma membrane permeability, and hematoxylin staining, indicating Al accumulation in leaves. ICP analysis revealed increased Al content at extreme pH levels, underscoring heightened Al bioavailability and toxicity. Significant reductions in macro and micronutrient content (P, Mg, K, Fe, Zn, B, Mn) were observed, likely due to Al-induced root and cell damage and altered nutrient uptake. These findings emphasize the complex interplay between Al exposure, pH fluctuations, and their cascading effects on the physiology and elemental composition of <em>Vallisneria natans</em>, highlighting the need for further research and environmental management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 105997"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly distinctive population-specific thallium hyper-tolerance and hyperaccumulation in Silene latifolia","authors":"Gaia Regini ,&nbsp;Isabella Bettarini ,&nbsp;Marco Dainelli ,&nbsp;Beatrice Chiavacci ,&nbsp;Ilaria Colzi ,&nbsp;Federico Selvi ,&nbsp;Antony van der Ent ,&nbsp;Cristina Gonnelli","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thallium is the most toxic element known to mankind and an emerging environmental contaminant of concern. Thallium is not only toxic, but also economically valuable, and therefore novel methods for extraction from contaminated land or wastes are desirable, including phytomining using hyperaccumulator plants. Facultative hyperaccumulation is a rare phenomenon reported from a small number of widespread species in which most populations are metal sensitive, but some populations are metal tolerant and hyperaccumulating. <em>Silene latifolia</em> is such as facultative hyperaccumulator for thallium, and in this study, we examined population-specific thallium tolerance and accumulation trait in two metallicolous and two non-metallicolous population. The results reveal that the metallicolous populations were thallium hyper-tolerant and hyperaccumulating, attaining up to 7000 and 14,000 µg Tl g⁻¹ d.w. at the highest thallium dose level in hydroponics (60 µM), while had minimal growth reductions. In contrast, the non-metalliferous populations accumulated up to 1000 and 2000 µg g⁻¹ d.w. and had a growth reduction of 50–70 % at the highest thallium dose level. Moreover, metallicolous populations preserved photosynthetic activity and had higher ionome stability under thallium treatment, in addition to a positive correlation between thallium and sulfur in their shoots. This study revealed a striking ecotypic response in thallium tolerance/accumulation in <em>Silene latifolia.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning from the desert legume tree, Prosopis cineraria to develop stress-tolerant crops","authors":"Shina Sasi ,&nbsp;Saranya Krishnan ,&nbsp;Preshobha Kodackattumannil ,&nbsp;Martin Kottackal ,&nbsp;Khaled M.A. Amiri","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants inhabiting adverse growth conditions compete against stresses by the endogenous regulatory elements <em>viz</em>., promoters and terminators at the ‘right time’ (time-of-stress-act), ‘right place’ (tissue-of-act), and ‘right expression’ (time-of-transcription). Heat stress at the reproductive stage impedes pollen viability and stigma receptiveness, affecting the seed set. <em>Prosopis cineraria,</em> the dominant desert-inhabiting legume tree, is heat- and drought-tolerant. The distribution of heat shock elements in a heat-inducible promoter determines the magnitudes of target gene expression in different tissues/organs. Relative expression of <em>P. cineraria</em> heat shock protein <em>18.2</em> (<em>PcHsp18.2</em>) in alternate months of 2021 displayed the highest expression in summer. The flowers collected in June, the hottest month (47 °C) of 2021, exhibited a high expression of <em>PcHsp18.2.</em> The germination of the pollen collected was 80 %, and the trees eventually set seeds. Comprehensive analysis of the promoter (<em>pPcHSP18.2</em>) and terminator (<em>tPchsp18.2</em>) of <em>PcHsp18.2</em> by expressing the <em>gusA</em> in tobacco exhibited the highest expression under heat stress as similar to the expression of <em>PcHsp18.2</em> in environmental samples. Ectopic expression of <em>gusA</em> under <em>PcHsp18.2</em> promoter and terminator resulted in an increased seed set due to the viability of pollen and stigma under heat stress. The <em>gusA</em> expression under <em>PcHsp18.2</em> promoter and terminator was high-fold in anther compared to the <em>Lat52</em> and <em>g10</em> (endogenous genes under its promoter and terminator) genes under heat stress. The expression of genes under strong and balanced endogenous inducible promoter and terminator combinations, as in the desert-growing <em>P. cineraria</em> in transgenic plants, enables the development of resilient crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated CO2 concentration enhances plant growth, photosynthesis, and ion homeostasis of soybean under salt-alkaline stress","authors":"Danni Lv ,&nbsp;Qijun Xing ,&nbsp;Tianli Wang ,&nbsp;Jiacong Song ,&nbsp;Ruonan Duan ,&nbsp;Xingyu Hao ,&nbsp;Yuzheng Zong ,&nbsp;Dongsheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinrui Shi ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Zhao ,&nbsp;Ping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salt-alkaline stress adversely affects growth and productivity of soybean. In the event of global climate change, the effects of elevated CO₂ concentration (<em>e</em>CO₂) and salt-alkaline stress on soybean remain unclear. This study investigated the combined effects of elevated CO₂ concentration (700 μmol·moL⁻¹) and salt-alkaline stress on soybean growth, gas exchange, pigments profiles, antioxidative enzyme activities, osmolyte accumulation, Na⁺ and K⁺ contents, and genes involved in ion homeostasis. This study suggested that <em>e</em>CO₂ improved plant physiological performance due to the greater net photosynthetic rate (+212.49 %) and water use efficiency (+92.86 %). Both salt-alkaline stress and <em>e</em>CO₂ significantly increased catalase (CAT) activity in leaves and stems, significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in stems, and significantly increased peroxidase (POD) activity in whole plants of soybean. <em>e</em>CO₂ significantly inhibited Na⁺ absorption as indicated by decreased Na⁺ contents in whole plants under salt-alkaline stress accompanied by lower relative electrical conductivity, thus reducing osmotic and ionic stress. <em>e</em>CO₂ induced enhancement of expressions of gene encoding the ion transporter of <em>GmHKT1;2</em>, <em>GmHKT1;5</em>, <em>GmHKT1;6</em>, <em>GmNHX5</em>, and <em>GmSOS1</em> in stems mediated Na⁺ and K⁺ transport, thus benefiting to keep ions homeostasis. These results suggest that <em>e</em>CO₂ contributes to enhancing soybean tolerance to saline-alkaline stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"At the core of salinity: Divergent transcriptomic responses to neutral and alkaline salinity in Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Maria Almira-Casellas ,&nbsp;Sílvia Busoms ,&nbsp;Laura Pérez-Martín ,&nbsp;Glòria Escolà ,&nbsp;Álvaro López-Valiñas ,&nbsp;Antoni Garcia-Molina ,&nbsp;Mercè Llugany ,&nbsp;Charlotte Poschenrieder","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of current climate change, alkaline salinity is increasingly challenging crop yields, especially in arid and semiarid regions. Alkaline salinity is more detrimental to plant performance than neutral salinity and tolerance to neutral salinity may not confer tolerance to alkaline salinity. The mechanisms behind are still poorly understood. This study aims to identify physiological and genetic traits underlying this differential tolerance to neutral and alkaline salinity by exploiting the variation present in natural populations (demes) of <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>. Growth, photosynthesis, phytohormone and mineral nutrient profiles, plant water status and transcriptomic changes were analyzed in four demes with contrasting tolerance to neutral and alkaline salinity. Results of this novel holistic approach suggest low internal Fe use efficiency caused by bicarbonate as a driver of enhanced sensitivity to alkaline salinity in plants adapted to neutral salinity prompting photosynthesis inhibition and alteration of the plant’s carbon budget for primary and secondary metabolism. Moreover, alkaline salinity specifically altered the auxin and jasmonic acid signaling pathways, while sustained ABA biosynthesis was an adaptive trait under neutral salinity. Exploring the genes with non-shared expression trends between salinity types, we identified sequence variation at the <em>BGAL4</em> locus associated with advantageous responses to each type of salinity. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) validated the significant involvement of gene co-expression modules targeted by the enrichment analyses, highlighting the hubs correlated with favorable responses to both salinity types. Overall, the present study points out the complex physiological and genetic mechanisms responsible for plant tolerance to alkaline salinity and proposes target genes for breeding strategies under alkaline saline soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 105982"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host genetics shapes Pinus radiata phenotypic plasticity under drought and is linked with root-associated soil microbiome shifts","authors":"Christel Brunschwig ,&nbsp;Nicola Reid ,&nbsp;Simeon Smaill ,&nbsp;Alan Dickson ,&nbsp;Rachel Murray ,&nbsp;Jianming Xue ,&nbsp;Laura Raymond ,&nbsp;Michael Robertson ,&nbsp;Stefan Hill ,&nbsp;Leo Condron","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under current and future climate scenarios, identifying drought-resistant tree species, tree genotypes, and beneficial interactions between trees and their root-associated soil microbiomes is becoming more imperative for maintaining tree health and sustaining increasingly vulnerable forests. We designed a genotype x soil x watering x time glasshouse experiment using <em>Pinus radiata</em> as a model tree to assess the magnitude of the effect of host genotype and root-associated soil microbiome on the phenotype response (functional traits, metabolome, nutrients) under drought. We identified the shikimate pathway as a critical metabolic pathway for <em>Pinus radiata</em> drought resistance, with the shikimic acid intermediate being one of the strongest drought signals, besides downstream metabolites such as flavonoids and phenylpropanoids. Overall, we found that the host genotype diversity was a key actor in the observed phenotype response of <em>P. radiata</em> to drought. In contrast, the microbiome was attributed a minor supporting role. Contrary to our hypothesis, dry soils could not support drought-sensitive genotypes under drought stress. Instead, the drought-resistant genotype was able to leverage locally adaptive bacteria to match local selective drought pressures at the expense of tree growth. This highlights the significance of finding specific combinations of tree genotype and mutualistic microbial communities that would thrive under future environmental pressures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 105998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormonal signaling regulates photosynthetic function of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under NaHCO3 stress","authors":"Hongjiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Tongtong Yao ,&nbsp;Hongrui Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Kexin Wang ,&nbsp;Siyue Qi ,&nbsp;Xuan He ,&nbsp;Zhiru Xu ,&nbsp;Bo Qin ,&nbsp;Huihui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.105999","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying salt-alkali tolerance in &lt;em&gt;Medicago sativa&lt;/em&gt; are of significant importance for the development of animal husbandry on salt-alkali lands and the restoration of vegetation in such areas. This study utilized salt-alkali tolerance &lt;em&gt;Medicago sativa&lt;/em&gt; 'Zhaodong' (ZD) and salt-alkali sensitive variety &lt;em&gt;M. sativa&lt;/em&gt; 'Zhongmu No.1′ (ZM) as materials. Physiological analyses, transcriptomic sequencing, and hormone-targeted metabolomics techniques were employed to investigate the differential responses of the two alfalfa varieties to NaHCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; stress in terms of morphology, photosynthetic functionality, and oxidative damage indicators. Additionally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to elucidate key mechanisms underlying salt-alkali tolerance in alfalfa. The results indicate that NaHCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; stress leads to photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative damage in alfalfa leaves. Under NaHCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; stress, PSI in alfalfa leaves exhibits higher stability compared to PSII. The salt-alkali tolerance alfalfa variety ZD demonstrates stronger tolerance compared to the salt-alkali sensitive variety ZM. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two varieties under NaHCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; stress are primarily enriched in KEGG pathways such as chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, and plant hormone synthesis and signaling. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted based on physiological and transcriptomic data. Most differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the top two modules with the highest correlation to physiological indicators such as photosynthesis are enriched in hormone synthesis and signal transduction pathways. Additionally, key transcription factors involved in hormone signal transduction were identified within these modules, such as &lt;em&gt;MYC2&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;ABI5&lt;/em&gt;, which regulate jasmonic acid (JA) and abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, respectively. These findings suggest that plant hormone signaling may play a critical role in regulating salt-alkali tolerance in alfalfa. Further analysis was conducted on plant hormone levels and gene expression involved in biosynthesis and signal transduction processes. The results indicate that NaHCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; stress leads to significant accumulation of ABA and JA content in alfalfa leaves. The biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways of ABA and JA are activated under NaHCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; stress. Additionally, the salt-alkali tolerance alfalfa variety ZD exhibits a more sensitive response to ABA and JA signals compared to ZM. Salicylic acid (SA) shows a positive response to NaHCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; stress only in the ZD variety, which may be one of the key reasons for its stronger salt-alkali tolerance. Under NaHCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; stress, overall growth-promoting hormones (IAA, GA, CK) are downregulated in ZD but upregulated in ZM, indicating that the s","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 105999"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic analysis of storage proteins in Phaseolus vulgaris associated with resistance to water stress","authors":"Jeffrey Vargas Pérez ,&nbsp;Daynet Sosa del Castillo ,&nbsp;Nardy Diez García","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2024.106002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The common bean (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em>), a widely consumed legume in Ecuador, boasts low economic value, significant nutritional contributions, and a remarkable capacity to enhance soil fertility. Despite these attributes, its field productivity often needs to improve, with the water deficit emerging as a primary hindrance. Consequently, genetic enhancements have been incorporated into select varieties, conferring tolerance to specific levels of water scarcity stress. This study aimed to elucidate the distinctions in protein expression patterns responding to water deficiency stress across nine bean varieties. Protein patterns were scrutinized through two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE), and selected protein spots were subjected to mass spectrometry analysis (MALDI-TOF MS/RP-LC-MS/MS). A comprehensive identification of 111 proteins was achieved and categorized based on their respective functions. Noteworthy among these were the desiccation-protectant protein (LEA14) and Desiccation-related protein PCC13–62, identified as proteins associated with the response to abiotic stress, particularly prevalent in the INIAP_473 cultivar. These findings underscore the potential for targeted genetic improvements to mitigate the impact of water deficit stress on common bean cultivation, contributing to enhanced agricultural resilience and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"228 ","pages":"Article 106002"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}