Environmental and Experimental Botany最新文献

{"title":"Pod lignin biosynthesis contributes to pre-harvest sprouting tolerance of rapeseed","authors":"Tianhua Chen,&nbsp;Qing’ao Cai,&nbsp;Caili Liu,&nbsp;Rui Li,&nbsp;Liyan Wang,&nbsp;Jian’an Chen,&nbsp;Nian Liu,&nbsp;Boshi Yang,&nbsp;Shuo Zhou,&nbsp;Zonghe Zhu,&nbsp;Kejin Zhou,&nbsp;Fugui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) poses a major hazard to rapeseed (<em>Brassica napus</em> L.) production, particularly under rainy, moist conditions during harvest season. PHS tolerance mainly depends on seed dormancy and pericarp structure in other crops. However, little was known about the mechanisms underlying PHS tolerance in rapeseed. In this study, an elite PHS-tolerant genotype was screened from 750 global rapeseed germplasm resources by pod imbibition and seed germination assays. Results of imbibition dynamics have shown that the water absorption was slower in pod shell and seeds within pod of the PHS-tolerant genotype. The tolerant genotype also had higher pod shell thickness, cellulose content, and lignin content. The pod shell of the tolerant genotype was significantly enriched in a large number of differential metabolites involved in the phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway, which contribute to lignin biosynthesis. Moreover, lignin synthesis related genes <em>BnaPAL4</em>, <em>Bna4CL1</em>, <em>BnaCCR1</em>, <em>BnaHST</em> and <em>BnaPER42</em> significantly more expressed in the PHS-tolerant genotype than in the PHS-sensitive genotype. More lignin accumulation in the pod could protect rapeseed from PHS by decreasing the pericarp permeability. All these findings could provide valuable genetic resources for the breeding of PHS-tolerant rapeseed cultivars and understanding of PHS mechanism in <em>Brassica</em> species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106129"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil depth, rather than hydrological gradient, dominates uptake of water and nitrogen by Carex thunbergii in a wetland ecosystem","authors":"Tian Tian ,&nbsp;Chaohe Huangfu","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant acquisition of nitrogen (N) and water is a dominant aspect shaping plant productivity. Plants can achieve adequate uptake levels by modifying root architecture. Resource acquisition, however, is often merely inferred from the distribution of root biomass rather than being actually measured. We used ²H and ¹⁵N (in the form of NO₃^-) stable isotope labeling approach to measure the contribution of different soil depths to the water and N uptake of a sedge species <em>Carex thunbergii</em> across three groundwater table levels in a subtropical riparian wetland system, China. Twenty hours after labelling, the isotopes ²H and ¹⁵N were traced in the transpiration water and leaves, respectively. Concurrently, we measured the vertical patterns of available N and water, as well as absorptive root traits at different soil depths. With increasing water table level, <em>C. thunbergii</em> exhibited a dimorphic root pattern, one being spongy, acquisitive, shallow roots and the other dense, conservative deep roots. Most soil N and absorptive roots (either measured as root length density [RLD], or absorptive root biomass [ARB]) were both concentrated in the topsoil, with more than 85 % of absorptive roots occurring at upper 10 cm depth. We found that water uptake was more sensitive to increased water table depth, lower ARB, and RLD than was N uptake. Also soil depth (<em>F</em> = 61.85, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), rather than the hydrological gradient (<em>F</em> = 16.85, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), determined the plant water and N acquisition patterns. Water and N uptake patterns were well correlated with each other when data from all soil depths were combined, and more than 50 % of the variation in uptake of N was explained by water uptake. These patterns were themselves correlated with ARB, RLD, and N availability with increasing water table, respectively, suggesting that edaphic factors might override functional traits in controlling resource use under conditions of saturated soils in this wetland ecosystem. These results indicate that <em>C. thunbergii</em> has distinct depth-specific adaptations in terms of water and N acquisition that were independent from the effects of water table.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic network plasticity underpins Eucalyptus water use efficiency under drought","authors":"Caroline Müller ,&nbsp;Letícia dos Anjos ,&nbsp;Francisco Bruno S. Freire ,&nbsp;Alisdair R. Fernie ,&nbsp;Danilo M. Daloso ,&nbsp;Cleiton B. Eller ,&nbsp;Andrew Merchant","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Several <em>Eucalyptus</em> species are grown worldwide primarily for fiber production, while also playing a crucial role in forest ecosystem health within their natural environment. Although various chemical and physiological traits have been identified as contributors to water-deficit (WD) acclimation, the role of metabolism-mediated mechanisms in <em>Eucalyptus</em> WD responses remains unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive characterization integrating metabolomic and physiological analyses of 14 <em>Eucalyptus</em> species subjected to well-watered (WW) and WD conditions. Our results showed that different <em>Eucalyptus</em> species employ different strategies to enhance water use efficiency (WUE) in response to WD. A total of 53 metabolites were significantly altered by WD in at least one species. Principal component analyses indicate that <em>E. cloeziana</em> and <em>E. stenostona</em> were the most metabolically responsive species to WD. Notably, these species exhibited highest increases in WUE following WD imposition, which was also closely associated to constating network properties - higher network density in <em>E. cloeziana</em> and network heterogeneity in <em>E. stenostona -</em> but specially with the highest number of hub-like nodes. Overall, WUE was positively correlated with both network density and the number of hub-like nodes in in metabolic networks under WD. Moreover, WD triggered the emergence of new hubs associated with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and the related pathways. Our findings highlight that the <em>Eucalyptus</em> metabolic responses to WD are species-specific, but metabolic network plasticity - defined as the ability to modify network topology and density - plays a key role in regulating WUE under WD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable isotope inferred intrinsic water use efficiency and its relation to N sources in temperate tree regeneration with increasing levels of N deposition, precipitation, and temperature","authors":"Viktoria Dietrich ,&nbsp;Jörg Niederberger ,&nbsp;Markus Hauck","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under ongoing climate change, the mechanisms controlling the vigor and growth performance of tree regeneration are still less understood than for mature trees. Using stable isotope signatures (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N), we studied intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE_i, with δ¹³C as a proxy) and N relations and their interaction in differently drought-tolerant temperate tree species. We conducted a Germany-wide field study representing independent precipitation, temperature, and N deposition levels, comparing European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em>), sessile oak (<em>Quercus petraea</em>), silver fir (<em>Abies alba</em>), and Douglas fir (<em>Pseudotsuga menziesii</em>) in the regeneration stage. At high N deposition WUE_i was decreased in all tree species and in beech in particular, as δ¹³C signatures became more negative. This suggests that high N loads give rise to a differentiated discussion of the drought tolerance of tree species depending on the level of N deposition. In the conifers direct uptake of N from atmospheric deposition was important, as indicated by increasing foliar δ¹⁵N with increasing N concentration. In the broadleaved trees with better decomposable leaf litter, the main effect of N deposition was indicated through low δ¹⁵N signatures suggesting an intensification of uptake from N mineralization. Foliar δ¹⁵N signatures, and hence presumed changes in mineralization, were affected by soil chemistry, mean annual precipitation and temperature, but may also be influenced by deposition or other soil properties, which must be acknowledged when considering our results. To complement our results, comparable studies should be conducted for mature forest stands, including ecophysiological measurements of leaf gas exchange or tree water relations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106125"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The WD-40 repeat-containing protein CmRACK1 negatively regulates chrysanthemum flowering in response to photoperiod and gibberellin signaling","authors":"Wanwan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yvhan Ye ,&nbsp;Yongjian Bao,&nbsp;Xinyi Deng,&nbsp;Binyao Yin,&nbsp;Yang Hong,&nbsp;Siqi Tian,&nbsp;Rujun Wang,&nbsp;Lili Dong,&nbsp;Wanwan Zhang,&nbsp;Ke Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chrysanthemums are typical short-day plants, and photoperiod and gibberellic acid (GA) signal perception and transduction are the key factors regulating flowering in the chrysanthemum. The function and molecular mechanism undertaken by the receptors for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) protein to regulate chrysanthemum flowering are currently unclear. Here, we isolated <em>CmRACK1</em> from chrysanthemum. We found that <em>CmRACK1</em> was induced by the photoperiod and exhibited rhythmic expression characteristics. Compared with the wild-type, the <em>CmRACK1</em> overexpression lines showed delayed flowering, while the artificial micro RNA (amiRNA)-mediated knockdown lines showed early flowering. Transcriptome analysis of <em>CmRACK1</em> transgenic and wild-type lines revealed differential expression of <em>GIBBERELLIC ACID INSENSITIVE DWARF 1B</em> (<em>GID1B</em>), gibberellin 20-oxidase 1, and gibberellin 3-oxidase 1. Quantification of gibberellin levels in transgenic and wild-type plants indicated a significant decrease in GA1 content in the <em>CmRACK1</em> overexpression lines and a notable increase in the knockdown lines. We conducted dual-luciferase reporter assays in <em>Nicotiana benthamiana</em> leaves and found that <em>CmRACK1</em> stimulates the expression of <em>CmGID1B</em>, thereby negatively regulating chrysanthemum flowering via the gibberellin signaling pathway. Our research findings provided a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying flowering time regulation in chrysanthemum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ozone exposure consistently increases δ13C in wheat grain","authors":"Malin C. Broberg ,&nbsp;Melissa Chang Espino ,&nbsp;Felicity Hayes ,&nbsp;Ignacio Gonzalez Fernandez ,&nbsp;Håkan Pleijel","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tropospheric ozone (O₃) is a regional air pollutant, formed by solar radiation from nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds. It is known to impair crop yields. The mechanisms of O₃ damage to plants are linked to gas exchange and carbon metabolism. The carbon isotopic signature in plant tissues represented by δ¹³C offers a time-integrating approach to assess the performance of plant gas exchange. We combined wheat grain δ¹³C data from seven O₃ experiments performed in four countries (Switzerland, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom). For one experiment δ¹³C data for stems were available. There was a significant positive relationship between grain δ¹³C and O₃ exposure (R²=0.37). Using a relative scale to account for variation in the δ¹³C level among experiments, a stronger linear relationship was obtained (R²=0.77). Furthermore, the relative yield loss from O₃ was negatively linked to the relative effect on δ¹³C (R²=0.72). Stems were more depleted in ¹³C than grain but also showed a significant, less steep, positive δ¹³C relationship with O₃ exposure. The most important conclusion from the positive relationship between δ¹³C and O₃ exposure is that the O₃ effect on stomatal conductance dominates over the impairment of CO₂ fixation by Rubisco. However, also discrimination associated with redistribution of carbohydrates from non-reproductive plant parts to grains can contribute to the O₃ effect on δ¹³C. Based on the unified pattern of δ¹³C response over a range of experiments performed in different sites, we conclude that the mechanisms of O₃ damage in wheat with respect to gas exchange are highly consistent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106124"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental shade stress increases Arabidopsis seed viability by modifying the phenolic hydrophobic barrier in the seed coats","authors":"Juncai Deng ,&nbsp;Wenyu Yang ,&nbsp;Ans Van der Vaet ,&nbsp;Jacob Pollier ,&nbsp;Ruben Vanholme ,&nbsp;Wout Boerjan ,&nbsp;Jiang Liu ,&nbsp;Bartel Vanholme","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shade is a well-known environmental stressor that affects plant growth and development. However, little is understood about how parental shade stress impacts subsequent seed viability across generations. In this study, we exposed Arabidopsis plants to different shade signals, including reduced light quantity (RQ), reduced red/far-red ratio (RR), and a combination of both during the reproductive stage. While both RQ and RR treatments affected plant growth, only RR increased seed viability. Compared to seed coats developed under normal light conditions, the seed coats formed under RR conditions had a higher content and an altered composition of insoluble cell wall phenolics. By studying mutants impaired in the deposition of these phenolic polymers, we identified a positive relationship between the seed coat's insoluble phenolic content and seed viability. Further analysis found that seed coats with increased content of insoluble phenolic were less permeable, likely contributing to the higher seed viability. Taken together, we demonstrated that shade stress, particularly RR light conditions, during parental growth increases Arabidopsis seed viability by reducing seed coat permeability through the modification of its phenolic content and compositions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Forkhead box O in diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Fudan Zhang, Xu Hou","doi":"10.23736/S2724-6507.22.03750-2","DOIUrl":"10.23736/S2724-6507.22.03750-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Forkhead box O (FOXO) proteins are transcription factors that are involved in many physiological processes, including diabetes mellitus, which is a complex, multifactorial metabolic disorder. FOXO proteins are emerging as pivotal regulators in the progression of diabetes mellitus, mainly by inhibiting insulin or insulin-like growth factor, but little is known about their roles in diabetes mellitus. Although no targeted therapy exists to slow the development of diabetes and diabetes-related complications, several recent advances have clarified the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. This review summarizes findings about FOXO proteins and diabetes mellitus, and sheds new light on the roles of FOXO proteins in diabetes mellitus.</p>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"48 1","pages":"105-112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78181417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positional differences of rice spikelet formation under high temperature are associated with sucrose utilization discrepancy","authors":"Jingqing Wang,&nbsp;Hui Li,&nbsp;Tianming Lan,&nbsp;Chenghan Tang,&nbsp;Peng Zhang,&nbsp;Yulin Chen,&nbsp;Huizhe Chen,&nbsp;Jing Xiang,&nbsp;Yikai Zhang,&nbsp;Zhigang Wang,&nbsp;Yuping Zhang,&nbsp;Yaliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em>), the upper position (top 1/3) of the panicle exhibits superior spikelet development compared with the basal position (basal 1/3), particularly under high temperature (HT). In this study, the rice cultivar Yongyou 538 (susceptible to spikelet degeneration) was subjected to HT to investigate the physiological mechanism underlying positional differences in spikelet degeneration in the panicle by conducting comparative transcriptome and physiological analyses. The basal position of panicles showed more degenerated spikelets compared with the upper under normal temperature and HT, with HT aggravating this degeneration. Spikelet development depends on carbohydrate availability. In total, 1144 genes associated with spikelet development were differentially expressed in the upper and basal, primarily involving starch and sucrose metabolism. Under normal temperature and HT, the expression levels of sucrose transporter genes were lower in the basal, indicating sucrose transport was blocked there. Sucrose, a type of soluble sugar, accumulated more appreciably in the basal position under HT, whereas total soluble sugar content exhibited the opposite trend. It is associated with sucrose hydrolysis enzyme activities were markedly reduced, indicating impaired sucrose utilization. Simultaneously, decreased activities of TCA cycle-related enzymes led to NAD⁺ accumulation and increase in reactive oxygen species production. Lower antioxidant enzyme activities in the basal resulted in substantial reactive oxygen species accumulation. In conclusion, significant positional differences in spikelet formation along the panicle are characterized by extensive degeneration of spikelets in the basal position, owing to impaired sucrose utilization in this region, leading to peroxide accumulation and inhibition of spikelet development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dimethyl sulfoxide synergistically mitigates cadmium-induced oxidative damage in pak choi by activating antioxidant and autophagy mechanisms","authors":"Xiaoqun Cao ,&nbsp;Yan Xiang ,&nbsp;Yuanfeng Hu ,&nbsp;Ming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xufeng Xiao ,&nbsp;Fengrui Yin ,&nbsp;Liangdeng Wang ,&nbsp;Meilan Sui ,&nbsp;Yuekeng Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envexpbot.2025.106122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is one of the highly toxic heavy metals that restricts plant growth, affects crop yields, and triggers food crises. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is frequently used solvent in biological studies, and its potential application in resistance to Cd toxicity in plants and animals has not been reported. Here, low concentrations of DMSO alone were demonstrated to increase the biomass of pak choi seedlings; more importantly, under Cd stress conditions, DMSO was shown to reduce Cd accumulation, and thereby alleviate Cd-induced damages. Specifically, DMSO could enhance plant defense mechanisms against Cd stress by strengthening the activities of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) -scavenging enzymatic or non-enzymatic antioxidants, regulating the expression of key stress-responsive genes, as well as activating autophagy and apoptosis protection in root cells, thereby scavenging excessive ROS, restoring integration of cell membranes, and conferring tolerance to Cd-induced phytotoxicity. Our results showed that DMSO could play a vital role in mitigating Cd-induced oxidative damage by activating the protective mechanisms generated by the synergistic effects of both autophagy and antioxidants. These findings will help to formulate strategies to mitigate Cd contamination and to ensure the safety of cabbage production, an important vegetable source.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11758,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Botany","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 106122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}