Environmental Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Is memory in older adulthood influenced by changes in air pollution over the previous decade?: Examining concurrent trajectories in ambient PM_2.5 and NO₂ using sequence analysis.","authors":"Kristina Van Dang, Lucia Pacca, Jennifer Weuve, M Maria Glymour, Michael Brauer, Kevin J Lane, Isabel E Allen, Anusha M Vable","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000448","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The temporal pattern of air pollution exposure may affect cognitive aging. We characterized 10-year trajectories of particulate matter (PM_2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) exposure at the United States census tract level using sequence and cluster analysis and evaluated their association with memory among 6750 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) participants aged 65 or older. For each year between 2000 and 2010, we trichotomized PM_2.5 and NO₂ concentrations in each census tract using the national 2010 25th and 75th percentiles of PM_2.5 (7.9 and 10.8 µg/m³) and NO₂ (4.8 and 10.8 ppb), creating nine mutually exclusive air pollution categories for each census tract each year (e.g., high PM_2.5 and high NO₂, high PM_2.5 and medium NO₂, etc.). We quantified the dissimilarity between each census tract's 10-year PM_2.5 and NO₂ trajectory and all other trajectories in NHATS using sequence analysis, and combined similar air pollution trajectories using hierarchical clustering. We assigned a 10-year air pollution trajectory cluster to each participant based on their residential census tract location in 2011. Episodic memory score in 2011 was the mean of immediate and delayed word recall scores. We estimated the association of air pollution trajectory with this episodic memory score using linear models adjusted for age, gender, education level, race/ethnicity, neighborhood socioeconomic status, census region, and urbanicity. We clustered 1080 unique air pollution trajectories from 2000 to 2010 into nine distinct groups. In general, participants belonging to clusters with higher pollutant concentrations in 2000 had lower memory scores in 2011, even when pollutant concentrations in the cluster later declined. For example, those exposed to high PM_2.5 and high NO₂ concentrations in 2000, with decreasing NO₂ concentration (and consistently high PM_2.5) starting in 2006, had an adjusted mean memory score that was 0.20 units lower (95% confidence interval: -0.35, -0.046) than those in clusters with consistently low concentrations of both pollutants. This application of sequence analysis offers a new approach for characterizing temporal patterns of PM_2.5 and NO₂ exposure, simultaneously incorporating pollutant type, timing, duration, and concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"e448"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12826176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing greenspace and cardiovascular disease risk through deep learning analysis of street-view imagery in the US-based nationwide Nurses' Health Study.","authors":"Peter James, Esra Suel, Pi-I Debby Lin, Jaime E Hart, Eric B Rimm, Francine Laden, Perry Hystad, Steve Hankey, Andrew Larkin, Wenwen Zhang, Jochem Klompmaker, Brent Coull, Li Yi, Marcia Pescador Jimenez","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000442","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Living near greenspace is associated with decreased cardiovascular disease (CVD). Greenspace estimates, however, typically represent all types of vegetation using top-down satellite images, which incorporate exposure misclassification and limit policy relevance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We studied the association between street-view greenspace measures with incident CVD using a large, long-term prospective US cohort of female nurses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We estimated the percentage of streetscapes composed of visible trees, grass, and other green (plants/flowers/fields) from 350 million street-view images using deep learning models. Estimates were applied to Nurses' Health Study participants (N = 88,788) within 500 m of their residential addresses. We used Cox models to estimate associations from 2000 to 2018 between street-view greenspace measures and risk of incident CVD, assessed through self-report, medical record review, or death certificates, and adjusted for individual- and area-level factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In adjusted models, higher percentages of visible trees were associated with lower CVD incidence (hazard ratio [HR] per interquartile range [IQR] 0.96 (95% confidence interval 0.93, 1.00]), while higher percentages of visible grass (HR 1.06 [1.02, 1.11]) and other green space types (HR 1.03 [1.01, 1.04]) were associated with higher CVD incidence. We did not observe evidence of effect modification by population density, Census region, air pollution, satellite-based vegetation, or neighborhood socioeconomic status. Findings were robust to adjustment for other spatial and behavioral factors and persisted even after adjustment for traditional satellite-based vegetation indices.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Specific greenspace types may be protective or harmful for CVD. Aggregating greenspace into a single exposure category limits epidemiological research and potential interventions to increase health-promoting greenspace.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"e442"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12818865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clean beauty gentrification: The role of historic and contemporary resource allocation practices on hair product safety in Boston, MA.","authors":"Marissa Chan, Marlee R Quinn, Derek Shyr, Katherine Van Woert, Jackeline Morales, William H Kessler, Loni Philip Tabb, Gary Adamkiewicz, Tamarra James-Todd","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000445","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Personal care products are a well-documented source of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Differences in exposure to EDCs are reported, with Black women more commonly using products, such as hair products, containing EDCs. Our previous work identified differences in access to safer hair products between neighborhoods in Boston, Massachusetts; however, limited research has explored what may be driving these differences. Redlining and gentrification are two resource allocation practices that may impact neighborhood-level access to health-promoting services and goods, including access to safer hair products.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We examined if there is an association between historic and contemporary practices related to resource allocation (i.e., historic redlining and gentrification) with hair product safety (i.e., containing EDCs and other chemicals of concern) among the neighborhoods in Boston, Massachusetts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We randomly selected and visited 117 stores in Boston to collect data on hair product availability and safety. We used the Environmental Working Group's (EWG) Skin Deep database to evaluate hair product safety through hazard categories (low, moderate, or high). We collected data on historic and contemporary factors at the census tract level (redlining and gentrification). The associations between the historic and contemporary factors and EWG hazard categories were examined using multinomial logistic regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 39,421 hair products were cataloged in Boston, Massachusetts. Stores in previously Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) graded C and D-not gentrified areas had increased access to high-hazard hair products (risk ratio [RR] HOLC C = 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9, 1.4, RR HOLC D = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.1, 1.7). Decreased access to low-hazard hair products was reported among stores in HOLC D-gentrified or intensely gentrified (RR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.5, 1.1), HOLC C-not gentrified (RR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.5, 1.0), and HOLC D-not gentrified areas (RR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.4, 0.8).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Differences in access to safer hair products were reported when examining the impacts of both redlining and gentrification. Our findings present evidence of the role of historic and contemporary resource allocation practices on current-day neighborhood-level safer hair product accessibility, which may have potential downstream health consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"e445"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12803713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residential proximity to Superfund sites and breast cancer incidence in a nationwide cohort.","authors":"Brittany A Trottier, Andrew Olshan, Jessie K Edwards, Lawrence S Engel, Hazel B Nichols, Alexandra J White","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000457","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The United States Environmental Protection Agency-designated Superfund sites are a source of potential exposure to harmful contaminants, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals and carcinogens, that may be relevant to breast cancer risk. However, there is limited research on the possible association between residential proximity to Superfund sites and the risk of breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the prospective US-wide Sister Study cohort (N = 49,594), geocoded enrollment addresses were linked to active United States Environmental Protection Agency Superfund sites to determine residential proximity to sites. Proximity metrics included residing within 3-, 5-, and 10-miles of Superfund sites. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relationship between residential proximity to Superfund sites and breast cancer incidence. We further evaluated whether associations for residential proximity and breast cancer incidence varied according to individual contaminants and latent classes that grouped Superfund sites based on the mixture of contaminants present at the site.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over an average of 12 years of follow-up, 4,565 breast cancer cases were identified. Overall, there was little evidence to support that living within three miles of a single Superfund site was strongly related to breast cancer incidence. However, living within three miles of two or more sites was associated with a 20% higher breast cancer incidence (HR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.45). There was little evidence of an association by contaminant latent classes, although when considering individual contaminants, we observed a possible association with proximity to sites containing organophosphates (HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.90, 1.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this large, US-wide cohort, no overall pattern of association between residential proximity to Superfund sites and breast cancer incidence was found. However, elevated HRs were observed for living near two or more sites or sites that are contaminated with organophosphates.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"e457"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12803719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145988662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Particulate matter levels and children's lung function in a rural cohort near a drying saline lake.","authors":"Fangqi Guo, Elizabeth M Kamai, Sandrah P Eckel, Dayane Duenas Barahona, Luis Olmedo, Esther Bejarano, Christian Torres, Christopher Zuidema, Edmund Seto, Shohreh F Farzan, Jill E Johnston","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000455","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The drying Salton Sea in California is a growing source of wind-blown dust, raising particulate matter (PM) levels in surrounding areas. The impacts of these exposures on children's lung function remain poorly understood. We examined the relationship between PM levels and lung function in children near the Salton Sea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 491 children (mean age: 10.2 years), who were followed over ~1.5 years, contributing 1,269 lung function assessments. Forced expiratory volume in the first second of exhalation (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured using a commercial spirometer. Average PM concentrations were estimated for 3 and 12 months preceding each spirometry assessment, using 12 stationary monitors operated by the California Air Resources Board. Analyses were performed using mixed effects linear models adjusting for demographics and underlying health conditions.</p><p><strong>Measurements and results: </strong>Each 1 µg/m³ increase in average PM_2.5 exposure over 12 months before assessment was associated with a 31.5 ml lower FVC (95% confidence interval [CI] = -57.2, -5.9) and a 32.7 ml lower FEV₁ (95% CI = -56.4, -8.9). A 10-µg/m³ increase in average PM₁₀ exposure over 12 months was associated with a 146.6 ml reduction in FVC (95% CI = -230.4, -62.9) and a 122.0 ml reduction in FEV₁ (95% CI = -197.8, -46.2). Associations within a 3-month exposure window showed similar results. PM exposure was associated with impaired lung function in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic children, with a slightly greater impact observed in those with asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PM exposure near the Salton Sea is related to reduced lung function of pediatric residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"e455"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12788894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Most respiratory symptoms have resolved 9 years after PM_2.5 exposure from the Hazelwood coal mine fire.","authors":"Catherine L Smith, Caroline X Gao, Claire F O'Sullivan, Brigitte M Borg, Tyler J Lane, David Brown, Jillian Ikin, Matthew T C Carroll, Karen Walker-Bone, Bruce R Thompson, Michael J Abramson","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000450","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2014, a coal mine fire in regional Australia exposed the local community to 6 weeks of hazardous fine particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM_2.5). We investigated longitudinal associations between PM_2.5 exposure and respiratory symptoms over 9 years postfire.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2016-2017 (wave 1, W1), 4,056 exposed and unexposed adult residents completed surveys, including validated questionnaires for respiratory symptoms. Individual PM_2.5 exposures were estimated using modeled smoke data and time-location diaries. Respiratory symptoms were followed up 4-, 7-, and 9 years postmine fire (W2, W3, and W4) in a weighted random subsample of 519 participants (346 exposed) oversampled for people with asthma. Longitudinal associations between mine fire PM_2.5 and respiratory symptoms were assessed using mixed-effects logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic factors, smoking, occupational exposures, and self-reported chronic respiratory diseases diagnosed premine fire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several patterns were observed. PM_2.5 exposure was associated with elevated wheeze across the survey waves, and the associations tended to be higher among participants with premine fire asthma. Dyspnea (nocturnal and resting) increased at the first survey wave but was not detectable afterwards. Chest tightness and chronic cough had detectable increases at follow-up (W2 for both, W3 for chest tightness), but attenuated in the following surveys. No effects were detectable for chronic phlegm or nasal symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While there was some variation over time, exposure to mine fire-related PM_2.5 was no longer associated with chest tightness, dyspnea, and chronic cough 9 years postmine fire. The exception was wheeze, where effects of PM_2.5 exposure persisted 9 years later, particularly in people with asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"e450"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12755517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual and combined effects of indoor home exposures and ambient PM_2.5 during early life on childhood asthma in us birth cohort studies.","authors":"Akihiro Shiroshita, Antonella Zanobetti, Brent A Coull, Patrick H Ryan, Soma Datta, Jeffrey Blossom, Emily Oken, James E Gern, Heike Luttmann-Gibson, Eneida A Mendonça, Sima K Ramratnam, Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman, Joanne E Sordillo, Veronica A Wang, Paloma I Beamer, Daniel J Jackson, Christine C Johnson, Gurjit K Khurana Hershey, Fernando D Martinez, Rachel L Miller, Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric, Edward M Zoratti, Tina V Hartert, Diane R Gold","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000443","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children encounter multiple indoor and outdoor environmental exposures in early life. We assessed the independent effects of indoor home exposures and ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM_2.5) on early childhood asthma diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 6,413 children born 1987-2016 from nine United States prospective birth cohorts from the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes consortium, with complete covariate and outcome data. Exposures were (1) average ambient PM_2.5 levels during the first 3 years of life, and (2) indoor home exposures, including water damage/home dampness during infancy/childhood, dogs/cats at home during infancy, dust mite allergen during infancy/childhood. Asthma was defined as caregiver-reported or doctor-diagnosed asthma anytime from birth to age 5. We applied Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for individual-level and neighborhood-level confounders. Cohort-specific effects were implemented as fixed effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By age 5 years, 10.3%-50.3% of children had developed asthma across general-risk and high-risk cohorts. We found a significant detrimental association of PM_2.5 and water damage/home dampness, and a protective association of dogs in the home with risk of childhood asthma, regardless of PM_2.5 adjustment. The effect of having both water damage/home dampness and high PM_2.5 on asthma diagnosis was greater than that of no water damage/home dampness and having low PM_2.5 (hazard ratio: 1.95 [95% confidence interval = 1.19, 3.20]). There were no significant associations with household cats or dust mites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multiple early exposures, such as PM_2.5, home dampness, and absence of dogs in the home, should be considered together as risk factors for childhood asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"e443"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12737862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145833561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term associations between ambient air pollution and emergency department visits for Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, migraine, and seizure in California, 2005-2018.","authors":"Shumeng Chen, Danlu Zhang, Rebecca Zhang, Morgan Lane, Noah C Scovronick, Stefanie T Ebelt, Howard H Chang","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000444","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have linked ambient air pollution to worsening neurological conditions, but research in the United States is limited. This study aims to investigate short-term associations between emergency department (ED) visits for four disorders affecting the nervous system (Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, migraine, and seizure) and three major air pollutants: fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Daily estimated exposure concentrations at 12 km were aggregated to the ZIP-code level and linked to 6 million ED visits in California (2005-2018). Using a time-stratified case-crossover design with conditional quasi-Poisson regression, we evaluated lag-specific associations and stratified analysis by patient characteristics. Risk ratios (RRs) are reported per interquartile range increase in exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For Parkinson disease, CO showed the strongest short-term association at lag 0 (RR = 1.007, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003, 1.011). No associations were found for multiple sclerosis. For migraines, same-day PM_2.5 (RR = 1.003, 95% CI: 1.001, 1.005), CO (RR = 1.006, 95% CI: 1.003, 1.008), and NO₂ (RR = 1.009, 95% CI: 1.005, 1.015) were positively associated with ED visits. For seizures, NO₂ at lag 0 showed the strongest effect (RR = 1.006, 95% CI: 1.003, 1.010). Compared with same-day exposure, cumulative effects over multiple days decreased for CO and NO₂ but remained similar for PM_2.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Same-day high ambient air pollution levels were associated with increased ED visits for migraine, Parkinson disease, and seizures. These findings support the growing evidence that short-term air pollution exposure may adversely impact patients with neurological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"e444"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12737864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145833598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antenatal wildfire smoke exposure and preterm birth phenotypes: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Anne R Waldrop, Yair J Blumenfeld, Jonathan A Mayo, Danielle M Panelli, Sam Heft-Neal, Marshall Burke, Stephanie A Leonard, Gary M Shaw","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000446","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Novel evidence suggests an association of wildfire smoke exposure with preterm birth (PTB). However, the mechanism and exposure timing of this association are poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We estimate the association of wildfire smoke on PTB phenotypes (spontaneous PTB [sPTB] and medically indicated PTB [mPTB]) as well as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Birth cohort data from singleton livebirths in California from 2007 to 2012 were combined with daily zip code-level estimates of wildfire smoke intensity. Satellite-based estimates of wildfire smoke plume boundaries and high-resolution gridded estimates of surface particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5) concentrations were used to calculate smoke exposure from 4 weeks preconception through gestational week 20. The two primary exposures were (1) wildfire smoke exposure at distinct gestational ages and (2) concentration of wildfire smoke exposure. Logistic regression models assessed associations between the number of wildfire smoke-exposed days and PTB phenotypes. HDP were also assessed as an outcome, given their major contribution to mPTB. Four primary outcomes were used: (1) overall PTB (<37 weeks), (2) sPTB, (3) mPTB, and (4) HDP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,548,347 eligible pregnant individuals, 86% were exposed to at least 1 day of wildfire smoke of any PM_2.5 intensity during the exposure period. Wildfire smoke of any intensity was significantly associated with sPTB during the exposure period (odds ratios [OR] [95% confidence intervals (CI)]: 1.003 [1.0021, 1.0039]). Each additional day of smoke exposure conferred 0.3% increased odds of sPTB. We did not observe an association of wildfire smoke with HDP. Only smoke exposure of any intensity between 14 and 20 weeks was associated with increased odds of mPTB OR CI (95%) (1.0038 [1.0008, 1.0069]). Wildfire smoke exposure of any intensity in the gestational period of smoke exposure was associated in increased odds of all PTB, except for the preconception period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study found an association of wildfire smoke exposure with PTB, which was largely driven by sPTB.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 6","pages":"e446"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145699942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal exposure to metal(loid)s mixture and childhood lung function: Exploring sex-specific associations.","authors":"Mayra J Garza, Cecilia S Alcala, Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz, Adriana Mercado-Garcia, Nadya Y Rivera Rivera, Chris Gennings, Martha María Téllez-Rojo, Robert O Wright, Rosalind J Wright, Héctor Lamadrid-Figueroa, María José Rosa","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000447","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The link between prenatal exposure to metal(loid)s and childhood lung function, including sex-specific effects, has not been completely elucidated. We aimed to examine sex-specific individual and joint effects of prenatal metal(loid)s exposure on children's lung function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses included 438 mother-child dyads from the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment, and Social Stressors birth cohort in Mexico City. Metal(loid)s levels (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn) were measured in maternal blood collected during the second and third trimesters. Lung function in children was assessed once at ages 8-14 years. Multiple linear regression was performed to evaluate individual associations. Mixture effects were assessed through repeated holdout weighted quantile sum regression and hierarchical Bayesian kernel machine regression. Effect modification by sex was examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Second-trimester Ni was inversely associated with FEV₁/FVC ratio in the overall sample and in females, while Pb was linked to lower FEV₁ z-score in females. Third-trimester Co and Pb were also negatively associated with FVC z-score in females, with Pb also associated with lower FEV₁ z-score in females. Higher metal mixture concentrations were associated with lower FEV₁/FVC ratio (β = -0.33, 95% confidence interval: -0.48, -0.16) and FEF_25%-75% z-score (β = -0.22, 95% confidence interval: -0.39, -0.07) in females, with similar sex-specific patterns of association in weighted quantile sum and Bayesian kernel machine regression models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Second-trimester metal mixture exposure is associated with lower childhood lung function; females are potentially more susceptible to these exposures, which underscores the need to understand critical windows of exposure and sex-specific differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":"9 6","pages":"e447"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12677884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145699931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}