Environmental Epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Associations between greenness and predicted COVID-19-like illness incidence in the United States and the United Kingdom.","authors":"Kelly Chen, Jochem O Klompmaker, Charlotte J Roscoe, Long H Nguyen, David A Drew, Peter James, Francine Laden, Daniela Fecht, Weiyi Wang, John Gulliver, Jonathan Wolf, Claire J Steves, Tim D Spector, Andy T Chan, Jaime E Hart","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000244","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green spaces may be protective against COVID-19 incidence. They may provide outdoor, ventilated, settings for physical and social activities and therefore decrease transmission risk. We examined the association between neighborhood greenness and COVID-19-like illness incidence using individual-level data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population includes participants enrolled in the COVID Symptom Study smartphone application in the United Kingdom and the United States (March-November 2020). All participants were encouraged to report their current health condition and suspected risk factors for COVID-19. We used a validated symptom-based classifier that predicts COVID-19-like illness. We estimated the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), for each participant's reported neighborhood of residence for each month, using images from Landsat 8 (30 m²). We used time-varying Cox proportional hazards models stratified by age, country, and calendar month at study entry and adjusted for the individual- and neighborhood-level risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed 143,340 cases of predicted COVID-19-like illness among 2,794,029 participants. Neighborhood NDVI was associated with a decreased risk of predicted COVID-19-like illness incidence in the fully adjusted model <i>(hazard ratio = 0.965, 95% confidence interval = 0.960, 0.970, per 0.1 NDVI increase</i>). Stratified analyses showed protective associations among U.K. participants but not among U.S. participants. Associations were slightly stronger for White individuals, for individuals living in rural neighborhoods, and for individuals living in high-income neighborhoods compared to individuals living in low-income neighborhoods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher levels of greenness may reduce the risk of predicted COVID-19-like illness incidence, but these associations were not observed in all populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/88/cd/ee9-7-e244.PMC9916094.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10115827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manmade earthquakes and healthcare visits for anxiety disorders in Oklahoma, 2010-2019.","authors":"Holly Elser,&nbsp;Arielle Kempinsky,&nbsp;Sidra Goldman-Mellor,&nbsp;Maggie Li,&nbsp;Ralph Catalano,&nbsp;David H Rehkopf,&nbsp;Joan A Casey","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 2010, seismicity in Oklahoma has increased from wastewater injection. It remains unknown if these earthquakes have resulted in increased treatment seeking for mental healthcare services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from a nationwide United States patient-level commercial and Medicare Advantage claims database from 2010 to 2019, we identified healthcare encounters for anxiety disorders using diagnostic codes and subclassified them as adjustment reaction; anxiety-related disorders; physical symptoms of anxiety; and stress disorders. With U.S. Geological Survey Advanced National Seismic System data, we generated county-level 6-month rolling counts of felt earthquakes (≥<i>M</i> 4) and linked them to patient residential county at the time of the healthcare visit. In this repeated measures, individual-level analysis we used generalized estimating equations to estimate the odds of monthly anxiety-related healthcare visits as a function of the frequency of ≥<i>M</i> 4 earthquakes in the previous 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 4,594 individuals in Oklahoma observed from 2010 to 2019. For every additional five ≥<i>M</i> 4 earthquakes in the preceding 6 months, the odds of healthcare visits for stress disorders increased (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03, 1.57). We found no evidence of an association with adjustment reaction (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 0.89, 1.23), anxiety-related disorders (OR = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.90, 1.03), or physical symptoms of anxiety (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.98, 1.09).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report an association between increased frequency of felt earthquakes and treatment seeking for stress disorders. This finding should motivate ongoing study of the potential consequences of the oil and gas industry for mental health outcomes including anxiety disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/79/61/ee9-7-e232.PMC9916016.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9275289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the influence of built environment on sleep disruption.","authors":"Jaclyn Parks,&nbsp;Millie Baghela,&nbsp;Parveen Bhatti","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modifying aspects of the built environment may be an effective strategy for population-level improvements to sleep. However, few comprehensive evaluations of built environment and sleep have been completed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study among participants of the British Columbia Generations Project (BCGP) who self-reported sleep duration (n = 28,385). Geospatial measures of light-at-night (LAN), greenness, air pollution (PM_2.5, NO₂, SO₂), and road proximity were linked to participant baseline residential postal codes. Logistic regression models, adjusted for age and sex, were used to estimate the association between these factors and self-reported sleep duration (<7 vs. ≥7 hours).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interquartile range (IQR) increases in LAN intensity, greenness, and SO₂ were associated with 1.04-fold increased (95% CI = 1.02, 1.07), 0.95-fold decreased (95% CI = 0.91, 0.98), and 1.07-fold increased (95% CI = 1.03, 1.11) odds, respectively, of reporting insufficient sleep (i.e., <7 hours per night). Living <100 m from a main roadway was associated with a 1.09-fold greater odds of insufficient sleep (95% CI = 1.02, 1.17). Results were unchanged when examining all factors together within a single regression model. In stratified analyses, associations with SO₂ were stronger among those with lower reported annual household incomes and those living in more urban areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BCGP's rich data enabled a comprehensive evaluation of the built environment, revealing multiple factors as potentially modifiable determinants of sleep disruption. In addition to longitudinal evaluations, future studies should pay careful attention to the role of social disparities in sleep health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/cb/ee9-7-e239.PMC9916058.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9275296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and cognitive function in older US adults: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.","authors":"Meng Wang,&nbsp;Xiao-Hua Andrew Zhou,&nbsp;Cynthia Curl,&nbsp;Annette Fitzpatrick,&nbsp;Sverre Vedal,&nbsp;Joel Kaufman","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Air pollution effects on cognitive function have been increasingly recognized. Little is known about the impact of different sources of fine particulate (PM_2.5). We aim to evaluate the associations between long-term air pollution exposure, including source-specific components in PM_2.5, and cognition in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cognitive assessment, including the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), Digit Symbol Coding (DSC), and Digit Span (DS), was completed in 4392 older participants in the United States during 2010-2012. Residence-specific air pollution exposures (i.e., oxides of nitrogen [NO₂/NO<i>x</i>], PM_2.5 and its components: elemental carbon [EC], organic carbon [OC], sulfur [S], and silicon [Si]) were estimated by geo-statistical models. Linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between each air pollutants metric and cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An interquartile range (IQR) increase in EC (0.8 μg/m³) and Si (23.1 ng/m³) was associated with -1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.09, -2.45) and -0.88 (95% CI: -0.21, -1.54) lower CASI scores in global cognitive function. For each IQR increase in Si, the odds of low cognitive function (LCF) across domains was 1.29 times higher (95% CI: 1.04, 1.60). For other tests, NO _<i>X</i> was associated with slower processing speed (DSC: -2.01, 95% CI: -3.50, -0.52) and worse working memory (total DS: -0.4, 95% CI: -0.78, -0.01). No associations were found for PM_2.5 and two PM_2.5 components (OC and S) with any cognitive function outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher exposure to traffic-related air pollutants including both tailpipe (EC and NO _<i>x</i> ) and non-tailpipe (Si) species were associated with lower cognitive function in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e0/98/ee9-7-e242.PMC9916093.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10276912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term associations between ambient air pollution and emergency department visits for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.","authors":"Haisu Zhang,&nbsp;Liuhua Shi,&nbsp;Stefanie T Ebelt,&nbsp;Rohan R D'Souza,&nbsp;Joel D Schwartz,&nbsp;Noah Scovronick,&nbsp;Howard H Chang","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia is a seriously disabling illness with substantial economic and social burdens. Alzheimer's disease and its related dementias (AD/ADRD) constitute about two-thirds of dementias. AD/ADRD patients have a high prevalence of comorbid conditions that are known to be exacerbated by exposure to ambient air pollution. Existing studies mostly focused on the long-term association between air pollution and AD/ADRD morbidity, while very few have investigated short-term associations. This study aims to estimate short-term associations between AD/ADRD emergency department (ED) visits and three common air pollutants: fine particulate matter (PM_2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and warm-season ozone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For the period 2005 to 2015, we analyzed over 7.5 million AD/ADRD ED visits in five US states (California, Missouri, North Carolina, New Jersey, and New York) using a time-stratified case-crossover design with conditional logistic regression. Daily estimated PM_2.5, NO_2, and warm-season ozone concentrations at 1 km spatial resolution were aggregated to the ZIP code level as exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most consistent positive association was found for NO₂. Across five states, a 17.1 ppb increase in NO₂ concentration over a 4-day period was associated with a 0.61% (95% confidence interval = 0.27%, 0.95%) increase in AD/ADRD ED visits. For PM_2.5, a positive association with AD/ADRD ED visits was found only in New York (0.64%, 95% confidence interval = 0.26%, 1.01% per 6.3 µg/m³). Associations with warm-season ozone levels were null.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest AD/ADRD patients are vulnerable to short-term health effects of ambient air pollution and strategies to lower exposure may reduce morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9915954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9879108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental language disorders in preschool children after high exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances from contaminated drinking water in Ronneby, Sweden.","authors":"Charlotte Stübner,&nbsp;Matilda Ebel,&nbsp;Kristina Jakobsson,&nbsp;Christopher Gillberg,&nbsp;Christel Nielsen,&nbsp;Carmela Miniscalco","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are indications that early-life exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can impact neurodevelopment, but results are inconclusive. The objective was to investigate if high early-life exposure to primarily perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) increases the risk of developmental language disorder in children up to seven years of age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A register-based cohort of all children born 1998-2013 in Blekinge county, Sweden, was studied. Maternal residential history, that is, with or without highly PFAS-contaminated drinking water, during the 5-year period before childbirth was used as a proxy for early-life exposure. Exposure was categorized as high (n = 646), intermediate (n = 1,650), or background (n = 9,599). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for (1) referral to a speech- and language pathologist after routine screening at Child Health Services, and (2) subsequent language disorder diagnosis after clinical assessment. Models were adjusted for parity, maternal age, education level, and smoking, and explored effect modification by sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In children from the high-exposed area, the adjusted HR for referral was 1.23 (95% CI = 1.03, 1.47) and 1.13 (95% CI = 0.97, 1.56) for subsequent diagnosis. There was no increased risk in the intermediate exposure category.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children, particularly girls, with high exposure had an increased risk of both referral and confirmed developmental language disorder. Further research is needed on PFAS in the context of general neurodevelopment, for which language development is a proxy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/26/ee9-7-e233.PMC9916036.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10765263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to ultrafine particles and the incidence of asthma in children: A population-based cohort study in Montreal, Canada.","authors":"Alan da Silveira Fleck,&nbsp;Julien Vachon,&nbsp;Stéphane Buteau,&nbsp;Elhadji Anassour Laouan-Sidi,&nbsp;Marianne Hatzopoulou,&nbsp;Scott Weichenthal,&nbsp;Audrey Smargiassi","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/EE9.0000000000000236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asthma is the most prevalent chronic respiratory disease in children. The role of ultrafine particles (UFPs) in the development of the disease remains unclear. We used a population-based birth cohort to evaluate the association between prenatal and childhood exposure to low levels of ambient UFPs and childhood-onset asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cohort included all children born and residing in Montreal, Canada, between 2000 and 2015. Children were followed for asthma onset from birth until <13 years of age. Spatially resolved annual mean concentrations of ambient UFPs were estimated from a land use regression model. We assigned prenatal exposure according to the residential postal code at birth. We also considered current exposure during childhood accounting for time-varying residence location. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, neighborhood material and social deprivation, calendar year, and coexposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) and fine particles (PM_2.5).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included 352,966 children, with 30,825 children developing asthma during follow-up. Mean prenatal and childhood UFP exposure were 24,706 particles/cm³ (interquartile range [IQR] = 3,785 particles/cm³) and 24,525 particles/cm³ (IQR = 3,427 particles/cm³), respectively. Both prenatal and childhood UFP exposure were not associated with childhood asthma onset in single pollutant models (HR per IQR increase of 0.99 [95% CI = 0.98, 1.00]). Estimates of association remained similar when adjusting for coexposure to ambient NO₂ and PM_2.5.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this population-based birth cohort, childhood asthma onset was not associated with prenatal or childhood exposure to low concentrations of UFPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/24/ee/ee9-7-e236.PMC9916019.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9259634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Neighborhood conditions and birth outcomes: understanding the role of perceived and extrinsic measures of neighborhood quality: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000240","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000224.].</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/43/0c/ee9-7-e240.PMC9916117.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9259640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between early-life exposure to PM_2.5 and reductions in childhood lung function in two North American longitudinal pregnancy cohort studies.","authors":"Maria José Rosa, Hector Lamadrid-Figueroa, Cecilia Alcala, Elena Colicino, Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz, Adriana Mercado-Garcia, Itai Kloog, Allan C Just, Douglas Bush, Kecia N Carroll, Martha María Téllez-Rojo, Robert O Wright, Chris Gennings, Rosalind J Wright","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000234","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Data integration of epidemiologic studies across different geographic regions can provide enhanced exposure contrast and statistical power to examine adverse respiratory effects of early-life exposure to particulate matter <2.5 microns in diameter (PM_2.5). Methodological tools improve our ability to combine data while more fully accounting for study heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses included children enrolled in two longitudinal birth cohorts in Boston, Massachusetts, and Mexico City. Propensity score matching using the 1:3 nearest neighbor with caliper method was used. Residential PM_2.5 exposure was estimated from 2 months before birth to age 6 years using a validated satellite-based spatiotemporal model. Lung function was tested at ages 6-11 years and age, height, race, and sex adjusted z scores were estimated for FEV₁, FVC, FEF_25-75%, and FEV₁/FVC. Using distributed lag nonlinear models, we examined associations between monthly averaged PM_2.5 levels and lung function outcomes adjusted for covariates, in unmatched and matched pooled samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the matched pooled sample, PM_2.5 exposure between postnatal months 35-44 and 35-52 was associated with lower FEV₁ and FVC z scores, respectively. A 5 µg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 was associated with a reduction in FEV₁ z score of 0.13 (95% CI = -0.26, -0.01) and a reduction in FVC z score of 0.13 (95% CI = -0.25, -0.01). Additionally PM_2.5 during postnatal months 23-39 was associated with a reduction in FEF_25-75% z score of 0.31 (95% CI = -0.57, -0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Methodological tools enhanced our ability to combine multisite data while accounting for study heterogeneity. Ambient PM_2.5 exposure in early childhood was associated with lung function reductions in middle childhood.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/84/85/ee9-7-e234.PMC9915957.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9477208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood socioeconomic status and mortality in the nurses' health study (NHS) and the nurses' health study II (NHSII).","authors":"Nicole V DeVille, Hari S Iyer, Isabel Holland, Shilpa N Bhupathiraju, Boyang Chai, Peter James, Ichiro Kawachi, Francine Laden, Jaime E Hart","doi":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000235","DOIUrl":"10.1097/EE9.0000000000000235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Few studies have prospectively examined long-term associations between neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) and mortality risk, independent of demographic and lifestyle risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed associations between nSES and all-cause, nonaccidental mortality among women in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) 1986-2014 (N = 101,701) and Nurses' Health Study II (NHSII) 1989-2015 (N = 101,230). Mortality was ascertained from the National Death Index (NHS: 19,228 deaths; NHSII: 1556 deaths). Time-varying nSES was determined for the Census tract of each residential address. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify nSES variable groups. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were conditioned on age and calendar period and included time-varying demographic, lifestyle, and individual SES factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For NHS, hazard ratios (HRs) comparing the fifth to first nSES quintiles ranged from 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.84, 0.94) for percent of households receiving interest/dividends, to 1.11 (95% CI = 1.06, 1.17) for percent of households receiving public assistance income. In NHSII, HRs ranged from 0.72 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.88) for the percent of households receiving interest/dividends, to 1.27 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.49) for the proportion of households headed by a single female. PCA revealed three constructs: education/income, poverty/wealth, and racial composition. The racial composition construct was associated with mortality (HR_NHS: 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In two cohorts with extensive follow-up, individual nSES variables and PCA component scores were associated with mortality. nSES is an important population-level predictor of mortality, even among a cohort of women with little individual-level variability in SES.</p>","PeriodicalId":11713,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Epidemiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/87/28/ee9-7-e235.PMC9916023.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10765261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}