Environmental Health最新文献

{"title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, apolipoproteins and the risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women.","authors":"Lu Zhu, Binkai Liu, Yang Hu, Molin Wang, Jeremy D Furtado, Eric B Rimm, Philippe Grandjean, Qi Sun","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01147-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01147-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Existing evidence for associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) with blood lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins (apo), and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk is limited and inconsistent. This study aims to explore associations between plasma PFASs, blood lipoprotein subspecies defined by apolipoproteins, and CHD risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A case-control study of CHD was conducted in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS) and Nurses' Health Study (NHS). Among participants initially free of cardiovascular disease at blood collection in 1994 (HPFS) or 1990 (NHS), 101 participants who developed non-fatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD were identified and confirmed. A healthy control was matched to each case for age, smoking status, and date of blood draw. Plasma levels of perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), total perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), branched PFOS (brPFOS), linear PFOS (nPFOS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) were measured. Conditional logistic regression and cubic spline regression models were used to examine associations between baseline PFASs and CHD risk. Linear regression models were applied to study PFAS associations with lipids and their subfractions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After multivariate adjustments, total PFOS, brPFOS and nPFOS were significantly associated with increased risk of developing CHD, and HRs (95% CIs) per log(ng/mL) increment of PFASs were 3.66 (1.36-9.89), 3.68 (1.55-8.76), and 3.01 (1.16-7.86), respectively. Significant positive dose-response relationships were identified for these PFASs (P_linearity = 0.01, 0.002, 0.02, respectively). Other PFASs were not associated with CHD risk. PFNA and PFDA were positively associated with total apoE levels among HDL particles with or without apoC-III. No associations were observed for other PFASs with blood lipid subspecies. Blood lipid subfractions did not explain the association between PFOS and CHD risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Plasma PFOS and its isomers were positively associated with CHD risk. These findings suggest that PFOS exposure causes public health risks that are greater than hitherto believed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11613683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risk of thyroid cancer in relation to residential proximity to nuclear power plants: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Susanna Abraham Cottagiri, Will King, Laura Rodriguez-Villamizar, Paul J Villeneuve","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01143-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01143-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ionizing radiation is a human carcinogen, and there is a public concern but limited evidence that it increases the incidence of cancer among those who live near nuclear power plants (NPPs). Previous analyses of thyroid cancer in these populations have been inconsistent, and the last synthesis was published nearly a decade ago. To address these gaps, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search strategy was developed and applied to PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A total of 2006 publications were identified, with 11 studies of thyroid cancer incidence that met the inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed using the Office of Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) tool. Summary risk estimates relating residential proximity to the NPPs and thyroid cancer were generated using a random effects model. Heterogeneity in the risk estimates was assessed for study features that included: distance to the NPP, study quality, and biological sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 11 studies were categorized as either highly (n = 8) or plausibly (n = 3) prone to bias, primarily due to the reliance on ecological study designs. The meta-analysis summary relative risk of thyroid cancer among those who live close to NPPs (defined by ≤ 25 km distance or jurisdictional areas (e.g., community, county) relative to those who lived further away was 1.09 (95% CI: 0.93-1.29). The risk estimates were higher for studies that modelled more proximal residential distances (≤ 5 km) to NPPs than larger distances (≤ 25 km and jurisdictional areas). We found that the summary risk (RR=1.29, 95% CI: 0.77-2.16) was stronger among those studies less prone to bias. A non-significant increased risk was found among both men and women, but there was no evidence of sex differences in risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, the findings suggest that living near a nuclear power plant increases the risk of thyroid cancer. The small number of studies on this topic, and the finding of higher risks in studies less prone to bias highlights the need for better-designed studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants in France.","authors":"Damien Basille, Lola Soriot, Florence Weppe, Peggy Desmettres, Paulo Henriques, Nicolas Benoit, Stéphanie Devaux, Momar Diouf, Vincent Jounieaux, Claire Andrejak","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01146-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01146-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ambient air pollution is recognized as a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which is the third leading cause of death worldwide. We examined whether variations in daily outdoor air pollutants levels were associated with excess hospital emergency room visits (ERV) for acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This two-center ecological cohort study was conducted in Amiens, France. We collected all consecutive ERV for AECOPD throughout 2017 and developed single pollutant models to assess the association between AECOPD and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ozone (O₃), or particulate matter (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) levels, while adjusting for temperature, hygrometry, influenza circulation and pollen allergy risk. For a subgroup of patients, we also applied geographical modeling to analyze annual exposure to outdoor air pollutants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We recorded 240 ERV among 168 COPD patients in 2017 and identified 9 peaks of ERV. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the daily ERV for AECOPD and the daily average concentrations of PM_2.5 (RR = 1.06 (95%CI = [1.00-1.11]), p = 0.049), but no correlation with NO₂, O₃ or PM₁₀ (p = 0.073, p = 0.114 and p = 0.119, respectively). Our geographical modeling study revealed that long-term exposure to any of the four outdoor air pollutants was not associated with more frequent AECOPD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even though the pollution levels measured generally remained below or near the 2021 short-term air quality guidelines issued by the World Health Organization, significant aggregate-level associations were found between severe AECOPD leading to ERV and daily concentrations of PM_2.5.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT03079661.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11605924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and plasma lipidomics profiles in multi-ethnic Asian subjects for exposome research.","authors":"Kothandaraman Narasimhan, Vaitheeswari, Ellie Choi, Nisha Suyien Chandran, Johan G Eriksson, Anne K Bendt, Federico Torta, Sartaj Ahmad Mir","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01145-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01145-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure has been associated with metabolic diseases, however, the underlying molecular pathogenesis remains to be understood. Integrated PFAS and lipidomic analysis has the potential to identify alterations in lipid metabolism pathways for exposome research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A targeted LC-MS/MS method was developed for the quantification of 14 PFAS from human plasma samples (n = 96). Concurrently, high coverage lipidomics was conducted for the quantification of 665 lipid species in the same plasma samples. Linear regression models were implemented to study the association of PFAS with plasma lipidome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women had lower levels of PFAS compared to men and Asian-Indians had lower levels of PFAS compared to both Chinese and Malay subjects. PFAS were positively associated with a number of lipid species from lysophospholipid, ceramide and triacylglycerol lipid classes. Phosphatidylinositol, acylcarnitine and sphingosine-1-phosphate were negatively associated with PFAS. Association studies revealed both shared and distinct relationship of PFAS with plasma lipids.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrate that the circulating levels of PFAS vary with age, ethnicity and sex within a multi-ethnic Asian population with potential implications in future biomonitoring and mitigation. Our comprehensive lipidomics methodology and association studies enabled us to characterize the relationship of circulating PFAS and lipidomic profiles. These results will help in better understanding of the molecular basis of PFAS exposure on human health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11603991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142750149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and heavy metals with blood lipid profiles in a representative sample of Korean adolescents.","authors":"Youlim Kim, Sanghee Shin, Yunsoo Choe, Jaelim Cho, Changsoo Kim, Su Hwan Kim, Kyoung-Nam Kim","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01144-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01144-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies on the associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and heavy metals with lipid profiles among adolescents have been scarce. We sought to investigate the associations of PFASs and heavy metals with blood lipid levels in a representative sample of Korean adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2018-2020) were used. Concentrations of PFASs [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA)], lead, and mercury were measured in serum, whole blood, and urine samples, respectively. Linear regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and k-means clustering analyses were employed to evaluate the associations between pollutants and lipid levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the linear regression analyses, PFOA levels were associated with higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels; PFOS with higher total cholesterol (TC) levels; PFNA with higher TC, LDL-C, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels; PFDeA with higher TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels; and mercury with higher TC and non-HDL-C levels. The BKMR analysis revealed that the PFAS and heavy metal mixture was associated with higher LDL-C levels (1.8% increase in LDL-C at the 75th percentile of all PFAS and heavy metal concentrations compared to their median values, 95% credible interval: 0.5, 3.1), primarily driven by the effect of PFDeA. Compared to individuals in the low pollutant exposure cluster (geometric mean levels of PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA, PFDeA, lead, and mercury were 2.7 μg/L, 6.2 μg/L, 1.6 μg/L, 0.7 μg/L, 0.4 μg/L, 0.8 μg/dL, and 0.3 μg/L, respectively), those in the high pollutant exposure cluster (5.1 μg/L, 10.7 μg/L, 3.7 μg/L, 1.3 μg/L, 0.6 μg/L, 0.9 μg/dL, and 0.4 μg/L, respectively) demonstrated higher TC levels (2.5% increase in TC, 95% confidence interval: 0.1, 5.0) in the k-means clustering analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to the limitations of this study, such as its cross-sectional design, these results should be interpreted cautiously and confirmed in future studies before drawing implications for public health strategies aimed at promoting health during adolescence and later in life.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11583531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary mycoestrogens and gestational weight gain in the UPSIDE pregnancy cohort.","authors":"Carolyn W Kinkade, Zorimar Rivera-Núñez, Anita Brinker, Brian Buckley, Olivia Waysack, Amber Kautz, Ying Meng, Pamela Ohman Strickland, Robert Block, Susan W Groth, Thomas G O'Connor, Lauren M Aleksunes, Emily S Barrett","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01141-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01141-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Zearalenone (ZEN), a secondary metabolite of Fusarium fungi, is one of the most common mycotoxins in global food supplies such as cereal grains and processed food. ZEN and its metabolites are commonly referred to as mycoestrogens, due to their ability to directly bind nuclear estrogen receptors α (ER-α) and β (ER-β). Zeranol, a synthetic mycoestrogen, is administered to U.S. cattle as a growth promoter. Despite widespread human exposure and ample evidence of adverse reproductive impacts in vitro and in vivo, there has been little epidemiological research on the health impacts of ZEN exposure during pregnancy. The objective of our study was to examine associations between ZEN and gestational weight gain (GWG).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Urine samples were collected in each trimester from pregnant participants in the UPSIDE cohort (n = 286, Rochester, NY, USA). High performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry were used to quantify concentrations of ZEN as well as ∑mycoestrogens (composite sum of ZEN metabolites; ng/ml). Maternal weights at clinical visits were abstracted from medical records. We fitted longitudinal models of specific-gravity adjusted, log-transformed ZEN and ∑mycoestrogens in relation to total GWG (kilograms) and GWG rate (kilograms/week). We additionally examined risk of excessive GWG (in relation to Institute of Medicine guidelines) and considered effect modification by fetal sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ZEN and ∑mycoestrogens were detected in > 93% and > 95% of samples, respectively. Mycoestrogen concentrations were positively associated with total GWG (ZEN β:0.50 kg; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.87) and GWG rate (ZEN β:0.20 kg/week; 95%CI: 0.01, 0.03). Associations tended to be stronger among participants carrying male (versus female) fetuses and results were robust to adjustment for diet.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mycoestrogen exposure during pregnancy may contribute to greater GWG. Future research is needed to understand potential influences on downstream maternal and offspring health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11580541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human acute poisoning incidents associated with neonicotinoid pesticides in the U.S. Incident Data System (IDS) database from 2018-2022 - frequency and severity show public health risks, regulatory failures.","authors":"Jennifer B Sass, Daniel Raichel","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01139-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01139-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neonicotinoid pesticides ('neonics') - imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin, acetamiprid, dinotefuran-are the most widely used class of insecticides in the world. They have a neurotoxic mechanism of action, similar to nicotine. They are detected in food, waterways, tap water, and breast milk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We make use of the non-occupational human pesticide poisoning reports in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) online Incident Data System (IDS). The data set contains individual incidents, and incidents aggregated and submitted in bulk to EPA. IDS reports are predominantly self-reported information of varying and often low level of detail and are not routinely validated or verified by EPA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We reviewed 842 non-occupational human poisoning incidents associated with neonics in the IDS from 2018 through 2022. There are four human fatality reports, two associated with clothianidin and two with acetamiprid. Major illnesses such as seizures were reported in several cases, including with dinotefuran cockroach bait product, and an imidacloprid lawn product. Moderate poisonings make up 88% of the total poisonings (740 of 842), with most of those associated with imidacloprid (547 incidents) or dinotefuran (102 incidents). Common reported symptoms classified as moderate often included two or more of the following: headaches; dizziness; lethargy; eye or throat irritation; skin itching and rash; chemical burns and skin peeling; face swelling; muscle weakness or tremors; vomiting; diarrhea; pain and tightness in chest; open sores; and general pain. These incidents stem mainly from residential uses, such as lawn and garden insect repellents, home pest treatments for bed bugs or roaches, and products used to treat pets for fleas and ticks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the evidence of neurotoxicity, EPA should use its legal authority to cancel unsafe products and unnecessary uses - including from seed treatments, and residential pet and lawncare products - to prevent further human suffering.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the association between PM_2.5 air pollution and IQ loss in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Naomi C Alter, Ella M Whitman, David C Bellinger, Philip J Landrigan","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01122-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01122-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A growing body of epidemiologic and toxicologic literature indicates that fine airborne particulate matter (PM_2.5) pollution is neurotoxic and threatens children's neurobehavioral development, resulting in reduced cognitive function. Understanding the magnitude of this effect is critical for establishing public health policies that will protect children's health, preserve human capital, and support societal progress.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To quantify the association between ambient PM_2.5 air pollution and loss of cognitive function in children, as measured by Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores, through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature search across seven databases: Agricultural and Environmental Science, BIOSIS Citation Index, Embase, GreenFILE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify original scientific studies that investigated the impact of PM_2.5 exposure during pre-and postnatal periods on IQ loss during childhood. Using data from studies included for final review, we conducted a meta-analysis, using a random effects model to compute a beta coefficient that quantifies the overall effect of PM_2.5 exposure on Full-Scale IQ (FSIQ), Performance IQ (PIQ), and Verbal IQ (VIQ).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Of the 1,107 unique publications identified, six studies met the inclusion criteria for final review, representing 4,860 children across three continents (North America, Europe, and Asia). The mean PM_2.5 concentration across all studies was 30.4 ± 24.4 µg/m³. Exposure timing ranged from the prenatal period to mid-childhood. Children were an average of 8.9 years old at the time of cognitive testing. We found that each 1 µg/m³ increase in PM_2.5 concentration is associated with a -0.27 point change in FSIQ (p < 0.001), 0.39 point change in PIQ (p = 0.003), and -0.24 point change in VIQ (p = 0.021).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, we identified a statistically significant relationship between increased exposure to PM_2.5 air pollution and reduced cognitive function in children, with the most pronounced impact on PIQ. This analysis will enable estimation of the burden of adverse neurobehavioral development attributable to PM_2.5 in pediatric populations and will inform local and global strategies for exposure prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific association of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure with vitamin D concentrations in older adults in the USA: an observational study.","authors":"Hui Zhao, Yuxin Ren, Jianping Ni, Lanlan Fang, Tao Zhang, Mengmeng Wang, Guoqi Cai, Yubo Ma, Faming Pan","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01140-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01140-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are commonly utilized in consumer products. While earlier studies have suggested potential impacts of certain PFAS on serum concentrations of vitamin D, these investigations were constrained to a limited set of conventional PFAS. Moreover, they did not specifically focus on populations with longer duration of PFAS exposure and potentially higher blood PFAS levels, such as older adults, and lacked adequate evidence to examine sex-related disparities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational investigation utilized cross-sectional data obtained from the U.S. NHANES spanning the years 2003 to 2018. Survey-weighted multiple regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship between PFAS exposure and vitamin D concentrations. Multi-pollutant models were employed to evaluate the association between PFAS mixtures and vitamin D concentrations. Subsequently, environmental risk scores (ERS) were constructed to gauge associations with vitamin D concentrations. ERS was computed through a weighted linear combination of PFAS, utilizing calculations from ridge regression and adaptive elasticity network (adENET) methodologies. All analyses were stratified by sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study encompassed 3,853 older adults. Our analysis revealed a negative association between PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and MeFOSAA and serum vitamin D concentrations. In analyses examining mixed exposures, various models consistently indicated an inverse association between PFAS mixed exposure and vitamin D concentrations. Moreover, an increase in ERS of PFAS across the interquartile range was associated with a decrease in vitamin D concentrations (Q4 vs. Q1, adENET: β: -0.083, 95% CI: -0.117, -0.048; ridge regression: β: -0.077, 95% CI: -0.111, -0.042). Notably, these associations were exclusively observed within the female population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study indicates that heightened exposure to PFAS correlates with diminished serum vitamin D concentrations in females aged 60 years and older, evident in both single and mixed exposures. These findings find support in in vitro mechanistic studies, suggesting that PFAS may impact the metabolism of 25(OH)D, consequently affecting vitamin D concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The last decade of air pollution epidemiology and the challenges of quantitative risk assessment.","authors":"Francesco Forastiere, Hans Orru, Michal Krzyzanowski, Joseph V Spadaro","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01136-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01136-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidemiologic research and quantitative risk assessment play a crucial role in transferring fundamental scientific knowledge to policymakers so they can take action to reduce the burden of ambient air pollution. This commentary addresses several challenges in quantitative risk assessment of air pollution that require close attention. The background to this discussion provides a summary of and conclusions from the epidemiological evidence on ambient air pollution and health outcomes accumulated since the 1990s. We focus on identifying relevant exposure-health outcome pairs, the associated concentration-response functions to be applied in a risk assessment, and several caveats in their application. We propose a structured and comprehensive framework for assessing the evidence levels associated with each exposure-health outcome pair within a health impact assessment context. Specific issues regarding the use of global or regional concentration-response functions, their shape, and the range of applicability are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}