Environmental Health最新文献

{"title":"Associations of residential green space with internalizing and externalizing behavior in early childhood.","authors":"Marnie F Hazlehurst, Anjum Hajat, Pooja S Tandon, Adam A Szpiro, Joel D Kaufman, Frances A Tylavsky, Marion E Hare, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Christine T Loftus, Kaja Z LeWinn, Nicole R Bush, Catherine J Karr","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01051-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01051-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Green space exposures may promote child mental health and well-being across multiple domains and stages of development. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between residential green space exposures and child mental and behavioral health at age 4-6 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children's internalizing and externalizing behaviors in the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood (CANDLE) cohort in Shelby County, Tennessee, were parent-reported on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). We examined three exposures-residential surrounding greenness calculated as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), tree cover, and park proximity-averaged across the residential history for the year prior to outcome assessment. Linear regression models were adjusted for individual, household, and neighborhood-level confounders across multiple domains. Effect modification by neighborhood socioeconomic conditions was explored using multiplicative interaction terms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children were on average 4.2 years (range 3.8-6.0) at outcome assessment. Among CANDLE mothers, 65% self-identified as Black, 29% as White, and 6% as another or multiple races; 41% had at least a college degree. Higher residential surrounding greenness was associated with lower internalizing behavior scores (-0.66 per 0.1 unit higher NDVI; 95% CI: -1.26, -0.07) in fully-adjusted models. The association between tree cover and internalizing behavior was in the hypothesized direction but confidence intervals included the null (-0.29 per 10% higher tree cover; 95% CI: -0.62, 0.04). No associations were observed between park proximity and internalizing behavior. We did not find any associations with externalizing behaviors or the attention problems subscale. Estimates were larger in neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic opportunity, but interaction terms were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings add to the accumulating evidence of the importance of residential green space for the prevention of internalizing problems among young children. This research suggests the prioritization of urban green spaces as a resource for child mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851463/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139706339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of the PM_2.5- and extreme heat-mortality relationships by historical redlining: a case-crossover study in thirteen U.S. states.","authors":"Edgar Castro, Abbie Liu, Yaguang Wei, Anna Kosheleva, Joel Schwartz","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01055-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01055-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Redlining has been associated with worse health outcomes and various environmental disparities, separately, but little is known of the interaction between these two factors, if any. We aimed to estimate whether living in a historically-redlined area modifies the effects of exposures to ambient PM_2.5 and extreme heat on mortality by non-external causes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We merged 8,884,733 adult mortality records from thirteen state departments of public health with scanned and georeferenced Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps from the University of Richmond, daily average PM_2.5 from a sophisticated prediction model on a 1-km grid, and daily temperature and vapor pressure from the Daymet V4 1-km grid. A case-crossover approach was used to assess modification of the effects of ambient PM_2.5 and extreme heat exposures by redlining and control for all fixed and slow-varying factors by design. Multiple moving averages of PM_2.5 and duration-aware analyses of extreme heat were used to assess the most vulnerable time windows.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found significant statistical interactions between living in a redlined area and exposures to both ambient PM_2.5 and extreme heat. Individuals who lived in redlined areas had an interaction odds ratio for mortality of 1.0093 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0084, 1.0101) for each 10 µg m^-3 increase in same-day ambient PM_2.5 compared to individuals who did not live in redlined areas. For extreme heat, the interaction odds ratio was 1.0218 (95% CI 1.0031, 1.0408).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Living in areas that were historically-redlined in the 1930's increases the effects of exposures to both PM_2.5 and extreme heat on mortality by non-external causes, suggesting that interventions to reduce environmental health disparities can be more effective by also considering the social context of an area and how to reduce disparities there. Further study is required to ascertain the specific pathways through which this effect modification operates and to develop interventions that can contribute to health equity for individuals living in these areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10851491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139702135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to residential traffic and trajectories of unhealthy ageing: results from a nationally-representative cohort of older adults","authors":"Sergio Gómez del Río, Elena Plans-Beriso, Rebeca Ramis, Rosario Ortolá, Roberto Pastor, Mercedes Sotos-Prieto, Adela Castelló, Rocío Olmedo Requena, José Juan Jiménez Moleón, Borja María Fernández Félix, Alfonso Muriel, Marta Miret, Jose Luis Ayuso Mateos, Yoon-Hyeong Choi, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo, Pablo Fernández-Navarro, Esther García-Esquinas","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01057-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01057-3","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic exposure has been associated with biomarkers of increased biological ageing, age-related chronic morbidities, and increased respiratory, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality. Whether it is associated with functional impairments and unhealthy ageing trajectories is unknown. Nationally representative population-based cohort with 3,126 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥60 years who contributed 8,291 biannual visits over a 10 year period. Unhealthy ageing was estimated with a deficit accumulation index (DAI) based on the number and severity of 52 health deficits, including 22 objectively-measured impairments in physical and cognitive functioning. Differences in DAI at each follow-up across quintiles of residential traffic density (RTD) at 50 and 100 meters, and closest distance to a petrol station, were estimated using flexible marginal structural models with inverse probability of censoring weights. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic and time-varying lifestyle factors, social deprivation index at the census tract and residential exposure to natural spaces. At baseline, the mean (SD) age and DAI score of the participants were 69.0 (6.6) years and 17.02 (11.0) %, and 54.0% were women. The median (IQR) RTD at 50 and 100 meters were 77 (31-467) and 509 (182-1802) vehicles/day, and the mean (SD) distance to the nearest petrol station of 962 (1317) meters. The average increase in DAI (95%CI) for participants in quintiles Q2-Q5 (vs Q1) of RTD at 50 meters was of 1.51 (0.50, 2.53), 0.98 (-0.05, 2.01), 2.20 (1.18, 3.21) and 1.98 (0.90, 3.05), respectively. Consistent findings were observed at 100 meters. By domains, most of the deficits accumulated with increased RTD were of a functional nature, although RTD at 50 meters was also associated with worse self-reported health, increased vitality problems and higher incidence of chronic morbidities. Living closer to a petrol station was associated with a higher incidence of functional impairments and chronic morbidities. Exposure to nearby residential traffic is associated with accelerated trajectories of unhealthy ageing. Diminishing traffic pollution should become a priority intervention for adding healthy years to life in the old age. ","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139656319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory and cognitive decrements in 1991 Gulf War veterans with gulf war illness/chronic multisymptom illness","authors":"Linda L. Chao","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01058-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01058-2","url":null,"abstract":"Gulf War illness (GWI)/Chronic Multisymptom Illness (CMI) is a disorder related to military service in the 1991 Gulf War (GW). Prominent symptoms of GWI/CMI include fatigue, pain, and cognitive dysfunction. Although anosmia is not a typical GWI/CMI symptom, anecdotally some GW veterans have reported losing their sense smell shortly after the war. Because olfactory deficit is a prodromal symptom of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, and because we previously reported suggestive evidence that deployed GW veterans may be at increased risk for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia, the current study examined the relationship between olfactory and cognitive function in deployed GW veterans. Eighty deployed GW veterans (mean age: 59.9 ±7.0; 4 female) were tested remotely with the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Veterans also completed self-report questionnaires about their health and deployment-related exposures and experiences. UPSIT and MoCA data from healthy control (HC) participants from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) study were downloaded for comparison. GW veterans had a mean UPSIT score of 27.8 ± 6.3 (range 9–37) and a mean MoCA score of 25.3 ± 2.8 (range 19–30). According to age- and sex-specific normative data, 31% of GW veterans (vs. 8% PPMI HCs) had UPSIT scores below the 10th percentile. Nearly half (45%) of GW veterans (vs. 8% PPMI HCs) had MoCA scores below the cut-off for identifying MCI. Among GW veterans, but not PPMI HCs, there was a positive correlation between UPSIT and MoCA scores (Spearman’s ρ = 0.39, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in UPSIT or MoCA scores between GW veterans with and without history of COVID or between those with and without Kansas GWI exclusionary conditions. We found evidence of olfactory and cognitive deficits and a significant correlation between UPSIT and MoCA scores in a cohort of 80 deployed GW veterans, 99% of whom had CMI. Because impaired olfactory function has been associated with increased risk for MCI and dementia, it may be prudent to screen aging, deployed GW veterans with smell identification tests so that hypo- and anosmic veterans can be followed longitudinally and offered targeted neuroprotective therapies as they become available.","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"222 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139583102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies.","authors":"Maxime Rigaud, Jurgen Buekers, Jos Bessems, Xavier Basagaña, Sandrine Mathy, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen, Rémy Slama","doi":"10.1186/s12940-023-01039-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-023-01039-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Once an external factor has been deemed likely to influence human health and a dose response function is available, an assessment of its health impact or that of policies aimed at influencing this and possibly other factors in a specific population can be obtained through a quantitative risk assessment, or health impact assessment (HIA) study. The health impact is usually expressed as a number of disease cases or disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to or expected from the exposure or policy. We review the methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies based on human data. The main steps of such studies include definition of counterfactual scenarios related to the exposure or policy, exposure(s) assessment, quantification of risks (usually relying on literature-based dose response functions), possibly economic assessment, followed by uncertainty analyses. We discuss issues and make recommendations relative to the accuracy and geographic scale at which factors are assessed, which can strongly influence the study results. If several factors are considered simultaneously, then correlation, mutual influences and possibly synergy between them should be taken into account. Gaps or issues in the methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies include 1) proposing a formal approach to the quantitative handling of the level of evidence regarding each exposure-health pair (essential to consider emerging factors); 2) contrasting risk assessment based on human dose-response functions with that relying on toxicological data; 3) clarification of terminology of health impact assessment and human-based risk assessment studies, which are actually very similar, and 4) other technical issues related to the simultaneous consideration of several factors, in particular when they are causally linked.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10821313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139569847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the link between particulate matter pollution and acute respiratory infection risk in children using generalized estimating equations analysis: a robust statistical approach","authors":"Mihir Adhikary, Piyasa Mal, Nandita Saikia","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01049-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01049-3","url":null,"abstract":"India is facing a burdensome public health challenge due to air pollution, with a particularly high burden of acute respiratory infections (ARI) among children. To address this issue, our study aims to evaluate the association between exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ARI incidence in young children in India. Our study used PM2.5 data provided by the Atmospheric Composition Analysis Group at Washington University to assess the association between PM2.5 exposure and ARI incidence in 223,375 children sampled from the 2019–2021 Demographic Health Survey in India. We employed the generalized estimating equation and reported odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and quartiles of PM2.5 exposure. Each 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 levels was associated with an increased odds of ARI (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.19–1.27). A change from the first quartile of PM2.5 (2.5–34.4 µg/m3) to the second quartile (34.5–51.5 µg/m3) of PM2.5 was associated with a two-fold change (OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.60–2.66) in the odds of developing ARI. Similarly, comparing the first quartile to the fourth quartile of PM2.5 exposure (78.3–128.9 µg/m3) resulted in an over four-fold increase in the odds of ARI (OR: 4.45, 95% CI: 3.37–5.87). Mitigation efforts must be continued implementing higher restrictions in India and to bring new interventions to ensure safe levels of air for reducing the burden of disease and mortality associated with air pollution in India.","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139561573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of short-term exposure to air pollution on natural mortality and vulnerable populations: a multi-city case-crossover analysis in Belgium.","authors":"Claire Demoury, Raf Aerts, Finaba Berete, Wouter Lefebvre, Arno Pauwels, Charlotte Vanpoucke, Johan Van der Heyden, Eva M De Clercq","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01050-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01050-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The adverse effect of air pollution on mortality is well documented worldwide but the identification of more vulnerable populations at higher risk of death is still limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between natural mortality (overall and cause-specific) and short-term exposure to five air pollutants (PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂, O₃ and black carbon) and identify potential vulnerable populations in Belgium.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a time-stratified case-crossover design with conditional logistic regressions to assess the relationship between mortality and air pollution in the nine largest Belgian agglomerations. Then, we performed a random-effect meta-analysis of the pooled results and described the global air pollution-mortality association. We carried out stratified analyses by individual characteristics (sex, age, employment, hospitalization days and chronic preexisting health conditions), living environment (levels of population density, built-up areas) and season of death to identify effect modifiers of the association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 304,754 natural deaths registered between 2010 and 2015. We found percentage increases for overall natural mortality associated with 10 μg/m³ increases of air pollution levels of 0.6% (95% CI: 0.2%, 1.0%) for PM_2.5, 0.4% (0.1%, 0.8%) for PM₁₀, 0.5% (-0.2%, 1.1%) for O₃, 1.0% (0.3%, 1.7%) for NO₂ and 7.1% (-0.1%, 14.8%) for black carbon. There was also evidence for increases of cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. We did not find effect modification by individual characteristics (sex, age, employment, hospitalization days). However, this study suggested differences in risk of death for people with preexisting conditions (thrombosis, cardiovascular diseases, asthma, diabetes and thyroid affections), season of death (May-September vs October-April) and levels of built-up area in the neighborhood (for NO₂).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work provided evidence for the adverse health effects of air pollution and contributed to the identification of specific population groups. These findings can help to better define public-health interventions and prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10809644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of heat-related effects on mortality by air pollution concentration, at small-area level, in the Attica prefecture, Greece.","authors":"Sofia Zafeiratou, Evangelia Samoli, Antonis Analitis, Konstantina Dimakopoulou, Christos Giannakopoulos, Konstantinos V Varotsos, Alexandra Schneider, Massimo Stafoggia, Kristin Aunan, Klea Katsouyanni","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01053-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01053-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The independent effects of short-term exposure to increased air temperature and air pollution on mortality are well-documented. There is some evidence indicating that elevated concentrations of air pollutants may lead to increased heat-related mortality, but this evidence is not consistent. Most of these effects have been documented through time-series studies using city-wide data, rather than at a finer spatial level. In our study, we examined the possible modification of the heat effects on total and cause-specific mortality by air pollution at municipality level in the Attica region, Greece, during the warm period of the years 2000 to 2016.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A municipality-specific over-dispersed Poisson regression model during the warm season (May-September) was used to investigate the heat effects on mortality and their modification by air pollution. We used the two-day average of the daily mean temperature and daily mean PM₁₀, NO₂ and 8 hour-max ozone (O₃), derived from models, in each municipality as exposures. A bivariate tensor smoother was applied for temperature and each pollutant alternatively, by municipality. Α random-effects meta-analysis was used to obtain pooled estimates of the heat effects at different pollution levels. Heterogeneity of the between-levels differences of the heat effects was evaluated with a Q-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A rise in mean temperature from the 75th to the 99th percentile of the municipality-specific temperature distribution resulted in an increase in total mortality of 12.4% (95% Confidence Interval (CI):7.76-17.24) on low PM₁₀ days, and 21.25% (95% CI: 17.83-24.76) on high PM₁₀ days. The increase on mortality was 10.09% (95% CI: - 5.62- 28.41) on low ozone days, and 14.95% (95% CI: 10.79-19.27) on high ozone days. For cause-specific mortality an increasing trend of the heat effects with increasing PM₁₀ and ozone levels was also observed. An inconsistent pattern was observed for the modification of the heat effects by NO₂, with higher heat effects estimated in the lower level of the pollutant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results support the evidence of elevated heat effects on mortality at higher levels of PM₁₀ and 8 h max O_3. Under climate change, any policy targeted at lowering air pollution levels will yield significant public health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10809516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139546100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-series analysis of temperature variability and cardiovascular emergency department visits in Atlanta over a 27-year period.","authors":"Morgan Lane, Stefanie Ebelt, Zhen Wu, Noah Scovronick, Rohan R D'Souza, Howard H Chang","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01048-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12940-024-01048-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Short-term temperature variability, defined as the temperature range occurring within a short time span at a given location, appears to be increasing with climate change. Such variation in temperature may influence acute health outcomes, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Most research on temperature variability has focused on the impact of within-day diurnal temperature range, but temperature variability over a period of a few days may also be health-relevant through its impact on thermoregulation and autonomic cardiac functioning. To address this research gap, this study utilized a database of emergency department (ED) visits for a variety of cardiovascular health outcomes over a 27-year period to investigate the influence of three-day temperature variability on CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For the period of 1993-2019, we analyzed over 12 million CVD ED visits in Atlanta using a Poisson log-linear model with overdispersion. Temperature variability was defined as the standard deviation of the minimum and maximum temperatures during the current day and the previous two days. We controlled for mean temperature, dew point temperature, long-term time trends, federal holidays, and day of week. We stratified the analysis by age group, season, and decade.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All cardiovascular outcomes assessed, except for hypertension, were positively associated with increasing temperature variability, with the strongest effects observed for stroke and peripheral vascular disease. In stratified analyses, adverse associations with temperature variability were consistently highest in the moderate-temperature season (October and March-May) and in the 65 + age group for all outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that CVD morbidity is impacted by short-term temperature variability, and that patients aged 65 and older are at increased risk. These effects were more pronounced in the moderate-temperature season and are likely driven by the Spring season in Atlanta. Public health practitioners and patient care providers can use this knowledge to better prepare patients during seasons with high temperature variability or ahead of large shifts in temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"23 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139520106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racism as a public health issue in environmental health disparities and environmental justice: working toward solutions","authors":"Sharon Beard, Kenda Freeman, Maria L. Velasco, Windy Boyd, Toccara Chamberlain, Alfonso Latoni, Denise Lasko, Ruth M. Lunn, Liam O’Fallon, Joan Packenham, Melissa M. Smarr, Robin Arnette, Crystal Cavalier-Keck, Jason Keck, Naeema Muhammad, Omega Wilson, Brenda Wilson, Ayo Wilson, Darlene Dixon","doi":"10.1186/s12940-024-01052-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-024-01052-8","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental health research in the US has shown that racial and ethnic minorities and members of low-socioeconomic groups, are disproportionately burdened by harmful environmental exposures, in their homes, workplace, and neighborhood environments that impact their overall health and well-being. Systemic racism is a fundamental cause of these disproportionate exposures and associated health effects. To invigorate and inform current efforts on environmental justice and to raise awareness of environmental racism, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) hosted a workshop where community leaders, academic researchers, and NIEHS staff shared perspectives and discussed ways to inform future work to address health disparities. To share best practices learned and experienced in partnerships between academic researchers and communities that are addressing environmental racism across the US; and to outline critical needs and future actions for NIEHS, other federal agencies, and anyone who is interested in conducting or funding research that addresses environmental racism and advances health equity for all communities. Through this workshop with community leaders and researchers funded by NIEHS, we learned that partnerships between academics and communities hold great promise for addressing environmental racism; however, there are still profound obstacles. To overcome these barriers, translation of research into plain language and health-protective interventions is needed. Structural changes are also needed in current funding mechanisms and training programs across federal agencies. We also learned the importance of leveraging advances in technology to develop creative solutions that can protect public health.","PeriodicalId":11686,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Health","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}