Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

{"title":"High output, lightweight and small-scale rotational piezoelectric energy harvester utilizing internal impact effect","authors":"Shitong Fang ,&nbsp;Xiying Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Kui Wu ,&nbsp;Tao Yan ,&nbsp;Xinyuan Chuai ,&nbsp;Xingbao Huang ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Zhihui Lai ,&nbsp;Shuxiang Dong ,&nbsp;Wei-Hsin Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is in great need to achieve continuous battery-free wireless sensing and monitoring of an amount of ultra-low-frequency large-scale rotational machines in transportation, civil engineering, manufacturing, and energy industry. Rotational piezoelectric energy harvesters are promising candidates to power sensors for their high energy densities and ease of integration. However, meeting the sufficient and continuous power supply needs of long-distance sensors for the Internet of Things (IoT) while maintaining the small volume and mass of harvesters remains a challenging task. To overcome this challenge, this work firstly implements the internal impact mechanism to a rotational centrifugal softening piezoelectric energy harvester to achieve its high output, lightweight and small-scale characteristics. On one hand, the internal impact effect utilizes the velocity difference between the piezoelectric beam and sliding mass to enlarge the deflection of piezoelectric material and boost the energy output. On the other hand, the centrifugal softening effect reduces the resonant frequency of harvester, leading to the harvester suitably used for the ultra-low-frequency rotation environment. Theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed harvester can achieve the normalized energy densities of 17.39 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>W/(g Hz) and 1800.97 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>W/(cm<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> Hz) that stand out among the previously reported rotational piezoelectric energy harvesting devices. Additionally, it is proven experimentally that the energy harvester can achieve the self-powered LoRa system under ultra-low-frequency rotations. The proposed harvester demonstrates significant potential for future battery-free sensors in large-scale rotational machinery monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119180"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solar-driven induced photoelectron remember effect involved in core–shell NiCo2S4@Ni3V2O8 composite electrode with superior electrochemical energy storage for asymmetric supercapacitor","authors":"Zemin Fu ,&nbsp;Xiang Shu ,&nbsp;Qiange Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongmei Qin ,&nbsp;Sheng Han ,&nbsp;Zhenbiao Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photo-assisted supercapacitor systems offer a compelling approach to effectively harnessing both solar and electrical energy. In this study, the core–shell heterostructure NiCo₂S₄@Ni₃V₂O₈ (NCS@NVO) was successfully synthesized for the development of photosensitive supercapacitor electrodes. NCS@NVO demonstrated a pronounced photoelectron memory effect under illumination, attributed to the solar-driven contributions of both NCS and NVO, as photon absorption facilitated electron-hole pair separation and transport. Compared to the specific capacitance in the dark (2292F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹), the capacitance of the NCS@NVO composite electrode increased dramatically to 3025F g⁻¹ when exposed to light. Moreover, the capacitance retention rate remained remarkably high at 99.83 % after 10,000 cycles at 20 A g⁻¹. In addition, the NCS@NVO hybrid supercapacitor achieved an outstanding energy density of 63.56 W h kg⁻¹ under illumination, alongside a power density of 789.84 W kg⁻¹. This study thoroughly investigated the solar-induced photoelectron memory effect in the NCS@NVO composite electrode for asymmetric supercapacitors, paving the way for the design of high-performance photosensitive nano-electrodes in advanced electrochemical energy storage applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 119190"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance improvement of high-power PEMFC using wet compression and exhaust energy multiple utilizations","authors":"Jiuxuan Wei,&nbsp;Mingxu Qi,&nbsp;Hong Zhang,&nbsp;Changmao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the efficiency of the high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system, a novel system integrated with wet compression and cathode exhaust energy recovery is proposed. A 1D steady-state model is established for the proposed system to obtain the thermodynamic operating modes. The NSGA Ⅱ algorithm is used to identify the suitable humidification strategy for each operating point. The results show that the utilization of wet compression for the PEMFC system has multiple combined benefits. Considering the available gains in the practical wet compression process, the trade-off in compression efficiency at the rated point results in an increment of 3.6 %. The parasitic power of the compressor decreases from 15.3 kW to 12.1 kW. The electrical efficiency and the net output power of the proposed system increase by 1.7 % and 8.0 kW, respectively. Furthermore, parametric analysis of wet compression reveals additional advantages in precooling and external humidification processes. At the rated point with the wet compression, the heat load of the liquid cooling heat exchanger decreases from 6.6 kW to 4.1 kW, and the water recovery ratio of the membrane humidifier reaches 30 %. The findings of the novel PEMFC system provide substantial guidelines for treating cathode exhaust gas and for the development and utilization of wet compression in fuel cell systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119208"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy, exergy, environmental and economic analysis of a solar-assisted heat pump-driven enclosed drying system with liquid desiccant dehumidification","authors":"Wei Su ,&nbsp;Jiru Li ,&nbsp;Xu Jin ,&nbsp;Zhongyan Liu ,&nbsp;Di Yang ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaosong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drying process, as one of the most energy-intensive processes, plays a significant role in a variety of agricultural, residential and industrial applications. Existing solar or heat pump drying systems have not been well promoted and applied due to their instability or inefficiency. In order to achieve a stable and efficient drying process, a novel solar-assisted heat pump-driven enclosed drying system with liquid desiccant dehumidification is proposed in this study, in which total waste heat recovery structure and operation modes transition control strategy are carefully designed for better system performance. A comprehensive analysis incorporating energy, exergy, economic, and environmental assessments are performed based on established mathematical models. Results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves a maximum coefficient of performance of 7.84, an energy utilization ratio of 11.09, and a specific moisture extraction rate of 14.87 kg/kW·h when solar radiation exceeds 640 W/m². Exergy analysis further reveals that over 80 % of exergy loss occurs in the solar collector, with the system attaining an exergy efficiency of 50.1 %. When annual solar radiation values reach 1580 kW·h/m² and 1300 kW·h/m², the system reduces electricity consumption by 36.64 % and 29.82 %, respectively, compared to traditional cascade enclosed heat pump drying systems, achieving a payback period of approximately 5 to 18 months. Additionally, the novel system cuts annual CO₂ emissions by 27.65 % compared to conventional drying methods, highlighting its significant environmental benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119201"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142572113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing hydrogen and e-methanol production through Power-to-X integration in biogas plants","authors":"Alberto Alamia ,&nbsp;Behzad Partoon ,&nbsp;Eoghan Rattigan ,&nbsp;Gorm Bruun Andresen","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The European Union’s strategy for achieving net zero emissions heavily depends on the development of hydrogen and e-/bio-fuel infrastructure and economy. These fuels are poised to play a critical role, functioning both as energy carriers and balancing agents for the inherent variability of renewable energy sources. Large-scale production will necessitate additional renewable capacity, and various Power-to-X (PtX) concepts are emerging in countries with significant renewable potential. However, sourcing renewable carbon presents a significant challenge in scaling the production of carbon-based e-fuels, and this is anticipated to become a limiting factor in the future. This investigation examines the concept of a PtX hub that sources renewable CO₂ from modern biogas plants, integrating renewable energy, hydrogen production, and methanol synthesis at a single site. This concept facilitates an internal, behind-the-meter market for energy and material flows, balanced by an interface with the external energy system. The size and operation of all plants comprising the PtX hub were co-optimized, considering various levels of integration with surrounding energy systems, including the potential establishment of a local hydrogen grid. The levelized costs of hydrogen and e-methanol were estimated for a site commencing operation in 2030, taking into consideration the recent legislation about renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBOs). Our findings indicate that, in its optimal configuration, the PtX hub relies almost exclusively on on-site renewable energy, selling excess electricity to the grid for balancing purposes. The connection to a local hydrogen grid facilitates smoother PtX process operations, while the behind-the-meter market reduces energy prices, providing a buffer against external market variability. The results demonstrate the feasibility of achieving a levelized cost of methanol below 650 € /t and hydrogen production costs below 3 €/kg in 2030. In comparison, a standalone e-methanol plant would incur a 23% higher cost. The ratio of CO₂ recovered to methanol produced was identified as a critical technical parameter, with recovery rates exceeding 90% necessitating substantial investments in CO₂ and H₂ storage. Overall, our findings support the planning of PtX infrastructures that consider integration with the agricultural sector as a cost-effective pathway to access renewable carbon resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119175"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of catalyst porosity and acidity in nitrogen transformation during catalytic fast pyrolysis of microalgae: Study on extracted protein and model amino acids","authors":"Qi Niu ,&nbsp;Xin Du ,&nbsp;Kai Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Lu ,&nbsp;Frederik Ronsse","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Valorizing defatted microalgae after lipid extraction maximizes the value derived from microalgae. Catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of defatted microalgae effectively promotes denitrogenation, thereby advancing the sustainable production of aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs). This study explored how the intricate structures of various amino acids (lysine, proline, and tryptophan) and extracted microalgae protein influenced nitrogen transformation pathways by means of pyrolysis − gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) at 500 °C. The roles of acidic sites and pore sizes of metal-doped (0.5Ni) and alkali-treated (0.05 M) HZSM-5 (Hydrogen Zeolite Socony Mobil-5) catalysts in denitrogenation and aromatization were focused upon. The doping of Ni led to a 2.5 % increase in medium acidity, whereas the alkaline pretreatment resulted in a 40.0 % increase in mesopore volume. The relative yields of AHs from extracted protein increased by 10.0, 10.3, and 10.5 times with the addition of HZSM-5, 0.05 M and 0.5Ni, respectively. The denitrogenation indices of the extracted protein were 0.22, 0.28 and 0.31 when HZSM-5, 0.05 M and 0.5Ni catalysts were applied, respectively. The results revealed that surface area enhanced the adsorption of intermediates from lysine, facilitating their entry into pore channels for subsequent reactions on acid sites. The formation of mesopores in the 0.05 M catalyst improved mass diffusion and accessibility of acids sites for the pyrolysis of proline and tryptophan which had a larger molecular size than lysine. A hydrogenation catalyst like Ni was crucial especially for the cleavage of N-heterocyclic amino acids with lower degree of saturation within N-containing bonds. This research provides a basic understanding of the roles that chemical structures of amino acids and catalysts synthesis play in the efficient denitrogenation and AHs production from microalgae pyrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119210"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stoichiometric methanol autoignition and in-cycle knock suppression using direct water injection","authors":"Andreas Lius,&nbsp;Magnus Sjöberg,&nbsp;Andreas Cronhjort,&nbsp;Ulf Olofsson","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methanol as a fuel is gaining popularity due to its favorable properties and potential for sustainable production as bio- or electro-methanol. By operating according to the Spark-Ignited (SI) principle with a Three-Way Catalyst (TWC), low emissions can be achieved. The main phenomena limiting the efficiency of the SI engine when operating with stoichiometric mixtures are knock and, occasionally, pre-ignition. One method to suppress both knock and pre-ignition is water injection. This study explores the possibility of suppressing knock in-cycle using direct water injection for cycles with an elevated risk of knocking. The prediction was based on the observation that, at knock-limited operation, only cycles with the most advanced combustion phasing knock. Furthermore, at knock-limited loads, combustion predominantly consisted of a single combustion mode: deflagration. The results demonstrated partial knock suppression and allowed for a combustion phasing advancement of 1.5°at loads of 10 and 15 bar gross indicated mean effective pressure. The earliest practical point during the combustion cycle to confidently determine if knock will occur was when about 10%–20% of the fuel had been consumed. However, theoretically, in a best-case scenario, this could be as early as when 5% of the fuel was consumed. An experiment simulating pre-ignition also demonstrated the ability to detect such cycles and partially suppress the ensuing knock. A major limitation of the method is that the window between detecting a cycle with a high likelihood of knock and knock onset was less than 7°at 1000 rpm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119174"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming municipal solid waste management through material and substance flow analysis: Conversion pathways for sustainable energy production","authors":"Rahul S. Raj ,&nbsp;Siddharth Jain ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Municipal solid waste (MSW) management poses a significant challenge due to escalating waste generation and their environmental impacts. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of MSW management in India, specifically New Delhi through material and substance flow analysis, focusing on conversion pathways for sustainable energy production. We investigated conventional methods, including composting, recycling, and incineration, alongside advanced single stage and two-stage thermochemical technologies. This research evaluates a series of scenarios, including a baseline case and alternative pathways that exclude incineration, and compare the effectiveness of different MSW management routes in terms of resource recovery and burden on landfill. Six different scenarios were analyzed; the most effective waste-to-energy route is Scenario 6, enhanced integrated thermochemical conversion with recycling, which produced 6,427 tpd of product from 11,300 tpd MSW. Although Scenario 5, with a recycling facility that includes integrated thermochemical conversion, recovers 6,454 tpd of product, is less practicable in the long term. The two scenarios are remarkable compared to the baseline scenario, from which only 3,690 tpd of product is produced. These integrated processes thus reduce the pressure on landfills and are an entrance into a circular economy. The results potentially indicate resource recovery rates up to 57% from current rate of only 32%. The findings highlight the potential of integrated thermochemical processes in improving waste-to-energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This research contributes to the development of more effective waste management solutions and provides actionable insights, supporting the transition towards a circular economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119164"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal placement of hybrid solar-wind-wave systems for maximum energy harvesting via chaotic artificial rabbits algorithm","authors":"Bo Yang ,&nbsp;Jinhang Duan ,&nbsp;Miwei Li ,&nbsp;Bingqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Pulin Cao ,&nbsp;Peng He ,&nbsp;Yixuan Chen ,&nbsp;Lin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, offshore power generation technologies have garnered significant interest, particularly with the notable advancements in wave energy, floating photovoltaics (FPVs), and floating wind turbines (FWTs). The generation of energy from wind and solar sources is intricately influenced by a spectrum of environmental parameters, notably the oscillations in solar irradiance and wind velocity, which engender a degree of intermittency in power output. In a parallel vein, the generation of energy from oceanic waves is also subject to variability, attributable to the dynamic alterations in wave intensity, directional orientation, and amplitude. As a corollary, each of these three renewable energy paradigms exhibits a certain degree of unpredictability in their energy yield. Moreover, the financial outlay associated with the offshore installation of these systems is disproportionately elevated, presenting a significant economic challenge for their deployment. In light of these challenges, a hybrid solar-wind-wave system (HSWWS) has been established, which combines a three-tether wave energy converter (WEC), an FPV system (model JKM370M-66HB), and an FWT system (model Vestas V27-225 kW). This integrated hybrid energy system amalgamates the complementary strengths of renewable energy sources, facilitating the capability for both grid-tied and standalone power generation. It enhances the efficacy and dependability of electricity provision, particularly in regions that are not within the purview of the conventional power grid. Additionally, by leveraging shared mooring infrastructure and transmission apparatus, the system effectuates a reduction in the overall capital expenditure associated with its construction and deployment. Then, to harness synergies between WEC systems, improve offshore spatial utilization, decrease costs, and maintain consistent power output, a strategic placement of the hybrid systems is delved into. To solve the placement problem efficiently, a chaotic artificial rabbits optimization (CARO) algorithm is proposed, which employs chaotic strategies for initialization, enhances energy factors, and refines the transition from the exploration stage to the exploitation stage standards, thereby improving optimization capabilities. Case studies are conducted on arrays consisting of 5, 8, and 11 HSWWSs using the simuNPS software, which indicate that compared to the other five contrastive algorithms, the CARO algorithm can achieve maximum total power output and better convergence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119143"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous hydrogen generation and wastewater purification: An innovative closed-loop reverse electrodialysis system incorporating air–gap diffusion distillation","authors":"Qiang Leng ,&nbsp;Feilong Li ,&nbsp;Zhengfei Luo ,&nbsp;Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Kaixin Zheng ,&nbsp;Zhanwei Wang ,&nbsp;Xi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air-gap diffusion distillation (AGDD) is a thermal distillation technology that can convert low-grade heat sources into salinity gradient energy, offering broad application potential. Since the AGDD system operates under atmospheric pressure, it can be seamlessly integrated with reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology, facilitating the conversion of low-grade thermal energy into electricity, hydrogen, and chemical energy. This paper constructs, for the first time, an AGDD-RED mathematical model that simultaneously achieves hydrogen generation and wastewater purification. Accordingly, the influence behaviors of the concentration of AGDD feed solution (0.5 mol·L^-1-5 mol·L^-1) and low-grade heat source temperature (55–95 °C) on hydrogen generation performance and degradation efficiency are simulated and discussed. At a feed concentration of 3 M, hydrogen generation and COD degradation rates achieve their peak values of 0.19 kW and 46.4 %, respectively. At 55 °C, the degradation rate and hydrogen generation reach their highest values, at 47.1 % and 0.2 kW, with the total energy conversion efficiency reaching 1.65 %. Finally, the energy distribution of the entire system is analyzed, and the results show that the salinity gradient energy regeneration process in the AGDD subsystem is the key factor affecting the efficiency of the system. Reducing pump power consumption and non-ohmic resistance in the RED subsystem will effectively improve the energy conversion performance of the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 119209"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}