Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

{"title":"Experimental investigation of a solid desiccant system with the staged adsorption/desorption process","authors":"Ruiyang Tao ,&nbsp;Zhengrong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The staged solid-desiccant dehumidification system (SSDD), recently proposed to approach the thermodynamic efficiency limits of cyclic adsorption and desorption, has received little experimental scrutiny. We built and tested a pilot-scale SSDD comprising two fixed beds arranged in series (coated with SAPO-34 and EMM-8) and benchmarked it against a conventional silica gel system over various conditions. The dehumidification and regeneration processes were investigated separately. The SSDD delivered markedly superior dehumidification performance and exploited regenerative heat in a cascade fashion. Over the dehumidification runs, the SSDD achieved a maximum cumulative moisture removal advantage of 18.5 g. By contrast, silica gel displayed only a short-lived edge — confined to the first minute of every test, and its cumulative moisture removal never exceeded the SSDD by more than 2.04 g before being steadily overtaken. A distinctive ”M-shaped” instantaneous moisture removal profile in the SAPO-34 bed verified the predicted rapid adsorption phase driven by cooperative uptake. Regeneration tests confirmed a critical regeneration temperature of 90 <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span> 110 °C, above which cascade utilization of regeneration heat enabled rapid desorption in both beds. These findings validated the two key advantage mechanisms of staged adsorption/desorption – (i) a sustained mass-transfer driving force and (ii) cascade energy utilization – and highlighted the SSDD’s potential as a high-efficiency solution for solid-desiccant dehumidification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120147"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal configuration of shared energy storage for multi-microgrid systems: Integrating battery decommissioning value and renewable energy economic consumption","authors":"Yaoyao He,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the evolution of energy structures and the rise of the sharing economy, shared energy storage is poised to become a standard for managing energy demand and enhancing flexibility amidst wind and solar variability. This paper introduces a two-layer optimization method for shared energy storage configuration in multi-microgrids, focusing on economic efficiency in combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems. It accounts for the residual value of retired batteries to facilitate future battery recycling and improve energy utilization. The upper layer addresses capacity allocation, while the lower layer optimizes system operations. Using the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions, the lower layer’s constraints are integrated into the upper layer, with the Big-M method applied for linearization. The model’s effectiveness is demonstrated through four scenarios, showing that shared energy storage increases renewable energy consumption from 73.05% to 99.93%, reduces annual operating costs, and achieves cost recovery in 4.44 years. However, battery degradation is higher than anticipated, necessitating an 17.6% increase in capacity allocation when battery life is considered. Service providers should procure low-degradation, high-performance batteries and plan battery retirement around the twelfth year to maximize residual value, fostering a beneficial scenario for both users and providers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120156"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing an expansion engine-based organic rankine cycle system for heat recovery from natural gas engines","authors":"Edris Tayyeban,&nbsp;Mahdi Deymi-Dashtebayaz","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the integration of a natural gas engine with an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) to improve waste heat recovery and reduce environmental impact. It is hypothesized that optimizing both thermodynamic and geometric parameters of the ORC expander can significantly enhance system performance. Four working fluids—R245fa, R134a, R141b, and R124—were analyzed using EES software to determine optimal inlet conditions based on exergy efficiency and cost. A piston-type expansion engine was then modeled in MATLAB, incorporating detailed geometry and flow characteristics. Cylinder head modifications increased intake and exhaust port areas by over 7 %, improving fluid dynamics. Among the fluids, R134a delivered the best performance at optimal conditions—3720 kPa inlet pressure, 3.4 pressure ratio, 10 cm piston diameter, and 105° intake port closing angle—resulting in 97.5 kW of power and 530 N·m of torque. The study shows that increasing intake volume initially boosts power and torque, but excessive delay in intake closure reduces overall efficiency. From an environmental standpoint, assuming 300 days of operation per year at 18 h per day, the system can produce about 526.5 MWh annually while reducing emissions by approximately 368.5 tons CO₂, 2.1 tons CO, and 157.9 kg NO_x. These findings demonstrate the system’s potential for simultaneously enhancing energy recovery and contributing to decarbonization in conventional power plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120209"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a strategic site selection framework for the green hydrogen economy: The example of Germany","authors":"Julian Bartels ,&nbsp;Thomas Vogt ,&nbsp;Valentin Bertsch","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green hydrogen is becoming increasingly important for the deep decarbonization of future energy systems, particularly for long-term storage applications and hard-to-electrify sectors. Despite the existence of numerous political roadmaps outlining individual capacity targets to promote green hydrogen production by electrolysis, the optimal method by which decision-makers can locate and scale electrolyzers remains ambiguous.</div><div>The objective of this study is to develop a strategic, multi-indicator site selection framework to assess the suitability of areas for the large-scale implementation of green hydrogen production sites. The framework considers four indicators: i) the availability of renewable energy; ii) the availability of water; iii) the connection to the power grid; and iv) the connection to the gas grid (as a proxy for hydrogen transport capacity in the future). The efficacy of the framework is illustrated through a case study of Germany, with a spatial resolution of zip code areas.</div><div>The authors identified 28 zip code areas, primarily in the northeastern region of the country, to achieve its political objective of domestic green hydrogen production while taking into account the conditions set out by European Union regulations for green hydrogen. Of the identified zip code areas, six were found to offer robust solutions across framework parameters and reflect no-regret options for fostering the national green hydrogen economy immediately.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"342 ","pages":"Article 120086"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New minimalism style magnetic heat pumps: Fusion reconstruction of magnetocaloric effect and loop heat pipe","authors":"Fucheng Chen ,&nbsp;Jianghong Wu ,&nbsp;Geyao Xu ,&nbsp;Yaokang Zhang ,&nbsp;HangYe Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Room temperature caloric refrigeration offer a promising alternative to vapor compression refrigeration due to its high efficiency and green solid-state refrigerants. However, the widespread adoption of these technologies in commercial applications is hindered by overly complicated designs, insufficient heat transfer, and low operating frequencies, which ultimately undermine system performance. Here proposes, for the first time, a new minimalism magnetic heat pump: magnetocaloric loop heat pipe, which combines phase change heat transfer with the magnetocaloric effect in loop heat pipe. The multi-stage heat regeneration channel was established and thus creating a new magnetocaloric thermodynamic cycle. A compact multi-stage magnetocaloric loop heat pipe prototype with a 100 mm circumferential radius and a 6 mm inner radius was constructed. The total thermal resistance between adjacent layers inside loop heat pipe is approximately 1e⁻³ K W⁻¹, representing a 99.98 % reduction compared to solid-state conductivity. A three-stage cascade prototype achieves an experimental temperature span of 6 K under no-load conditions. Otherwise, theoretical results predict that a ten-stage cascade prototype can achieve a temperature span of up to 20 K. The one-stage prototype was able to achieve a maximum specific heating power of 7 W g⁻¹ at a cycle frequency of 10 Hz. This novel cycle features the advantages of rapid heat regeneration response and low thermal resistance, making it suitable for cooling and heating applications in the compact spaces. Meanwhile, these works open up a new possibility of using the phase change heat transfer in future applications of caloric heat pump.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120179"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic assessment and pathway optimisation of China’s national energy system: An integrated spatial–temporal insight for addressing the global energy trilemma","authors":"Xingqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Ke ,&nbsp;Songyu Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The collaborative optimisation of the energy trilemma is a core issue in global energy governance. To address the lack of research on multi-dimensional collaborative mechanisms, this study integrates the Economy-Energy-Environment theory with the energy trilemma framework. It constructs a Vertical and Horizontal Scatter Degree–Entropy Method model to measure the energy system levels of Chinese provinces from 2006 to 2021. Spatial autocorrelation analysis reveals differentiation characteristics between the eastern, central, and western regions. Using the dynamic fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis model within the Technology-Organisation-Environment framework, five optimisation pathways are identified, with the eastern region maintaining a lead through digital governance and institutional innovation. Meanwhile, the central and western regions need to overcome infrastructure and policy coordination bottlenecks. The interaction between smart grids and green finance enhances network resilience, and the flow of elements across regions narrows regional disparities. The study suggests that the eastern region should further integrate digital and green technologies. In contrast, the central and western regions should strengthen environmental regulation and transportation network coordination, with cross-regional carbon quota coordination promoting the dynamic collaboration of the threefold goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120200"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Power performance of an offshore floating photovoltaic undergoing motions: Effects of dynamic incidence angle and partial shelter","authors":"Wenping Luo ,&nbsp;Xiantao Zhang ,&nbsp;Lunbo Luo ,&nbsp;Xinliang Tian ,&nbsp;Xin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Offshore floating photovoltaic (OFPV) is an emerging technology that captures solar energy in harsher oceanic environments. Photovoltaic panels mounted on floaters are subjected to significant wave-induced stochastic motions, leading to continuous variations in sunlight incidence angles. Accurate assessment of such dynamic motion impacts on power generation requires an interdisciplinary modelling framework that integrates high-fidelity hydrodynamic simulations with detailed electrical performance analysis. However, most existing studies only specialize in either part, leaving few models capable of addressing OFPV systems. Additionally, the influence of motion on power output remains unclear, which is a critical concern for OFPV floater designers. To address these gaps, this paper proposes a coupled power prediction model for OFPV, and the dynamic motion effect is analyzed from two perspectives: incidence angle and partial shelter. The modelling framework incorporates several submodules, including sun trajectory, motion correction, electrical circuit model, partial shelter correction and hydrodynamic analysis. After that, a four-module OFPV system is selected for analysis, along with its photovoltaic panel layout. Subsequently, the established model is validated against available test and measurement data. Following validation, detailed investigations are conducted on platform motion responses, optimal installation angles, and the resulting effects on power output. Further, the influence of sun trajectory on power output is briefly discussed. Results demonstrate that the power average loss and fluctuation are amplified with increasing motion amplitude. Partial shading contributes additional losses beyond those caused by incidence angle changes alone. The motion-induced average power loss is less than 1 % and it is smaller under real sea state due to the short duration of large-amplitude motions, whereas, the maximum transient loss is 3.4 %. Besides, installation angle variations make an average power loss of 5 % while it is 6.5 % and 25 % under latitude- and season-induced sun trajectory impacts. Investigation reveals that the motion-induced transient disturbance and sun trajectory-induced average loss to power output should be thoroughly considered in OFPV designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120215"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-Situ performance assessment of VRLA-Gel battery bank for energy management strategies Adaptation in PV microgrids","authors":"Khadim Ullah Jan ,&nbsp;Ghjuvan Antone Faggianelli ,&nbsp;Jean-Laurent Duchaud ,&nbsp;Anne Migan-Dubois ,&nbsp;Demba Diallo","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a practical, non-invasive two-step discharge method to estimate the remaining usable capacity of VRLA-Gel battery banks operating in field conditions without requiring disassembly or reliance on historical BMS data. The proposed approach begins with a short pulse discharge to quickly identify fresh and underperforming batteries based on voltage dips and discharge trajectories. This initial screening reduces testing time by nearly 50%. It is followed by a staggered discharge phase, which enables finer classification of the remaining underperforming batteries into average and weak groups by mapping capacity trends onto a reference scatter plot.</div><div>In the first step, a reference database is developed from individually tested VRLA-Gel batteries of unknown usage history, categorized by their dynamics. This reference is then applied to evaluate a 1620Ah 48 V/77kWh in-situ battery bank deployed in a real PV microgrid to determine its remaining performance. Results showed that the method could classify in-situ battery banks into fresh, average, and weak groups with over 90 % classification consistency agreement. The method is particularly suited for retrofit conditions where historical logging or BMS data is incomplete or unavailable. It supports microgrid resilience by extending battery life, reducing unnecessary replacements, and delaying recycling—a contribution toward environmental sustainability and economic optimization. The proposed method is also adaptable to other VRLA-dependent applications, with modifications of the scatter plot as a new reference at respective discharge C-rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120199"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pore-scale analysis of clamping force effects on microstructure and transport properties of PEMFC gas diffusion layers","authors":"Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Wenshang Chen,&nbsp;Qihao Deng,&nbsp;Ben Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Appropriate clamping force ensures good contact between the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and the bipolar plates, reducing contact resistance and thereby improving the efficiency of electrochemical reactions and the cell performance. This study systematically investigates the influence of clamping force on the microstructure and transport properties of gas diffusion layers (GDLs) through an integrated approach combining advanced characterization techniques and numerical simulations. The GDLs were generated by reconstruction algorithm, and finite element models were developed to simulate GDL deformation under varying clamping forces. The compressed GDLs were processed using Boolean operations to extract fluid domains for establishing mass transport models. The results demonstrated that 0.3 m/s represents an optimal compression speed for achieving quasi-static conditions, and with the increase of compression ratio, significant reduction in GDL porosity (from 0.78 to 0.7) and average pore size (from 25.9 μm to 17.8 μm), while pore size distribution shifting toward smaller pores. Furthermore, enhanced stress concentrations, particularly at fiber intersections, with stress values reaching 200 MPa at 30 % compression ratio; and altered transport properties, including reduced liquid water permeation velocity and localized oxygen starvation under high compression ratio. These results highlight the profound impact of compression on GDL microstructure and transport properties, providing critical insights for optimizing fuel cell design and performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120218"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy solution for rural household in remote cold regions: An innovative photovoltaic-based thermal energy storage system","authors":"Lijun Shi ,&nbsp;Yanming Liu ,&nbsp;Chaoyan Sun ,&nbsp;Yingjun Guo ,&nbsp;Dengjia Wang ,&nbsp;Yanfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Pengfei Si ,&nbsp;Qinqing Jiang ,&nbsp;Qiong Duan ,&nbsp;Chunyan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solar photovoltaic systems are crucial to solving the problem of rural energy in remote and cold areas. In the present study, an innovative off-grid photovoltaic energy supply system is proposed, which distinguishes the energy quality differences between electrical energy and thermal energy. Nighttime heating demands are primarily met by a thermal energy storage system, while domestic electricity is flexibly managed using a compact 3.12 kWh battery per building to minimize investment costs. A variable-power technology is introduced to precisely align thermal energy output with solar power generation. Research results show that, during the severe cold season, the proposed system can achieve a photovoltaic power consumption rate of 90.5 % without grid reliance, maintaining an average indoor temperature of 15.2 °C throughout the day and achieving a 100 % solar fraction. The solar thermal wall stores up to 53.25 % of solar energy, indicating its effective management in thermal energy storage and regulation. With a limited number of batteries, the solar energy guarantee rate for household electricity increases from 48.49 % in the heating season to 85.75 % in the non-heating season, thus significantly reducing user energy costs. The integration of energy-grade utilization and variable-power heat exchange technology reduces system construction and operational costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"343 ","pages":"Article 120216"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144631835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}