Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

{"title":"Green hydrogen production from oil palm wastes: A techno-economic and environmental perspective","authors":"Zong Yang Kong ,&nbsp;Tiffany Jia Ning Ang ,&nbsp;Hwai Chyuan Ong ,&nbsp;Tao Shi ,&nbsp;Chien Ing Yeo ,&nbsp;Ao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the second-largest producer of palm oil globally, the palm oil industry in Malaysia generates substantial amount of oil palm wastes. These wastes can emit harmful gases and lead to environmental issues. To repurpose the abundantly available palm oil wastes, this study aims to conduct a preliminary techno-economic and environmental analysis <em>via</em> both experimental and simulation study to compare hydrogen production. Four different types of oil palm wastes using biomass gasification are investigated, i.e., oil palm fronds, empty fruit bunches, oil palm trunks, and palm kernel shells. In-house experimental work was conducted to determine the proximate and ultimate composition of these feedstocks, and these data are subsequently input into Aspen Plus for simulation, techno-economic, and environmental analysis. Overall, all four cases can recover the total capital cost within 19 years, with oil palm trunk feedstock being the most superior. It was found that oil palm trunks resulted in the highest hydrogen yield of 118.65 kg h⁻¹ and possessed superior economic performance (i.e., lowest payback period of 10.78 years and highest net present value of 8.31 million USD). In terms of the environmental impact, the use of oil palm trunks contributed to the lowest global warming potential of 1.95 kg CO₂-eq kg⁻¹ H₂. This demonstrated the environmental benefit of using the waste gas from the biomass gasification process to generate electricity for the upstream demand. On the contrary, the empty fruit bunches case resulted in the least satisfactory economic and environmental performance. Overall, this work provides insights into the economic feasibility and environmental impacts of using various oil palm wastes for hydrogen production through gasification to address the environmental issues caused by the underutilized oil palm wastes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 120026"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of solar and condensing heat recovery systems for air reheating and humidification in industrial buildings","authors":"Fan Wu ,&nbsp;Xinxing Huang ,&nbsp;Lijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinshuang Gao ,&nbsp;Yinze Sun ,&nbsp;Yazhou Zhao ,&nbsp;Xuejun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring precise control of temperature and humidity is critical for maintaining process reliability and energy efficiency in industrial building environments. However, conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems often overlook the recovery of low-grade waste heat and the integration of renewable energy, resulting in low operational efficiency and high energy costs. To address this issue, this study proposes an air conditioning system that integrates solar energy and condensation heat recovery, and establishes a coupled heat and humidity control strategy that simultaneously utilizes recovered heat for both air reheating and humidification. The system’s performance is comprehensively evaluated from the perspectives of energy, exergy, and economic efficiency. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization framework combining artificial neural networks (ANN) and the multi-objective grey wolf optimizer (MOGWO) is developed to determine the optimal capacity configuration. The results demonstrate that, compared with traditional electric reheating systems, the proposed waste heat recovery (WHR) air conditioning system achieves a coefficient of performance (COP) of 6.08 and reduces the levelized cost of heat (LCOH) to 0.079 USD/kWh during the heating season, highlighting substantial improvements in energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. In the non-heating season, the system also exhibits stable operation and effective cost control. Based on the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) decision-making method, a representative configuration optimized for the heating season is recommended for year-round operation, featuring a thermal storage tank volume of 59  m³ and a solar collector area of 594  m². This configuration ensures an annual COP of at least 4.3, an exergy efficiency above 0.18, and an LCOH not exceeding 0.081 USD/kWh. This study confirms the feasibility of coupling low-grade waste heat with renewable energy in HVAC systems and provides a high-efficiency, cost-effective, and scalable solution for achieving low-carbon building operations in industrial environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 120057"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2 Electrolysis-Assisted CO2 reduction and aromatic supply method for sustainable aviation fuel Production: Cost optimization and Future cost scenarios","authors":"Jeongheon Kim ,&nbsp;Seungeun Kim ,&nbsp;Sihwan Park ,&nbsp;Inkyu Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve carbon neutrality in the aviation sector, sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) is emerging as a promising solution. However, the high levelized cost of SAF (LCOF) remains a key challenge. Additionally, discussions on aromatic supply methods are limited, despite aromatics being essential for SAF’s density requirements. This study evaluates three Fischer-Tropsch-based SAF production processes: Case-1 outsources biomass-based aromatics; Case-2 produces aromatics internally; and Case-3 integrates CO₂ electrolysis (CO2EL) and produces aromatics internally. All cases are optimized to lower the LCOF. In the energy analysis, Case-2 showed 14.2% lower energy efficiency than Case-1 due to inefficient syngas utilization for internal aromatic production. Case-3 exhibited the lowest energy efficiency (38.8%) due to increased electricity consumption from CO2EL. Economically, the LCOF was 3.99 $/kg_SAF for Case-1, 4.46 $/kg_SAF for Case-2, and 3.88 $/kg_SAF for Case-3. Case-2 showed a higher LCOF than Case-1 due to reduced SAF production, whereas Case-3 achieved the lowest LCOF by lowering hydrogen consumption. Future cost scenario analysis indicated that rising carbon taxes on indirect CO₂ emissions from outsourced aromatics will make Case-2 and Case-3 more cost-competitive. Specifically, when the carbon tax reaches 187 $/ton_CO2, the LCOF of Case-1 exceeds that of Case-2. Ultimately, Case-3 remained the most cost-effective option. This study highlights the impact of aromatic supply methods and CO2EL on the LCOF. Internal aromatic production eliminates carbon tax, while CO2EL reduces hydrogen consumption and LCOF. Future cost scenarios suggest that rising carbon taxes will enhance the internal aromatic production, providing insights for cost-effective and sustainable SAF adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 120063"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of multicomponent surrogate gasoline blends under pre-ignition conditions","authors":"Kristian Rönn ,&nbsp;Atmadeep Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Benjamin Pehlivanlar ,&nbsp;Ossi Kaario ,&nbsp;Christoph Göbel ,&nbsp;Stefan Pischinger ,&nbsp;Marcus Fischer ,&nbsp;Yuri Kroyan ,&nbsp;Kalle Lehto ,&nbsp;Teemu Sarjovaara ,&nbsp;Martti Larmi","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pre-ignition is an abnormal combustion phenomenon, in which the fuel–air charge ignites before the spark timing. Pre-ignition is a challenge for boosted gasoline engines, as it may lead to damaging super-knock during the combustion process. The phenomenon may be caused by different initiation mechanisms and the development of robust boosted engines requires understanding of how these mechanisms are formed. This study targeted pre-ignition occurring at hot cylinder surfaces or through bulk gas autoignition by sweeping the intake temperature (30–95 °C) in a single-cylinder spark-ignition engine at high intake pressures (2350 mbar) and a late combustion phasing. Seven different gasoline surrogate blends (composed of the species n-heptane, <em>iso</em>-octane, toluene, cyclopentane, 1-hexene, ethanol and methanol) were evaluated through their limiting intake temperatures for causing pre-ignition. The blend with the highest fraction of cyclopentane (Surrogate A) was found to cause pre-ignition at the lowest intake temperature (30 °C), showing that a fuel with high research octane number and a high tendency for surface ignition can be pre-ignition sensitive. Methanol splash blends and ethanol match blends were shown to be relatively resistant to pre-ignition. Pre-spark heat release of normal cycles was found to be a good indicator for conditions where pre-ignition occurs for each fuel. Chemical kinetic simulations with a tuned mechanism revealed the underlying chemistry behind the first-stage heat release before pre-ignition and established bulk gas autoignition as a realistic pre-ignition mechanism for most of the multicomponent blends studied in this work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 120031"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance improvement of polymer electrolyte membrane-unitized reversible fuel cells using interdigitated flow fields under a fuel cell mode fully humidified condition","authors":"Byeonghyun Kang ,&nbsp;Minhyeok Ahn ,&nbsp;In Seop Lim ,&nbsp;Jin Soo Park ,&nbsp;Chan Young Park ,&nbsp;Min Soo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In polymer electrolyte membrane-unitized reversible fuel cells (PEM-URFCs), titanium felt is often used as the gas diffusion layer (GDL) for the oxygen electrode. While durable in electrolysis mode, it suffers from poor water management in fuel cell mode, leading to flooding and reduced performance. To address this issue, interdigitated flow fields are introduced to improve fuel cell mode performance by facilitating effective water removal and reactant transport. An experimental investigation evaluates the performance of PEM-URFCs with interdigitated flow fields in comparison to serpentine flow fields, with channel depths of 1.0 mm and 0.6 mm, resulting in four distinct configurations. The interdigitated flow field of 0.6 mm depth achieves a peak power density 42.7 % and 66.3 % higher than the serpentine flow fields of 0.6 mm and 1.0 mm depths, respectively, under a fully humidified condition. Under reduced air humidity (50 %), the serpentine flow field of 1.0 mm depth achieves slightly higher performance, but its advantage is marginal (9.2 %). In electrolysis mode, voltage variations among the different configurations are minimal, even under elevated hydrogen pressures. Overall, the study achieves a fuel cell peak power density of 0.404 W/cm² and a cell round-trip efficiency of 44.2 % at 0.4 A/cm², exceeding previously reported results in similar conditions. These findings highlight the potential of interdigitated flow fields to enhance the efficiency and performance of PEM-URFCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 119967"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and assessment of an integrated PV-based hydrogen production facility","authors":"Ahmet Emin Dedeoglu ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Dincer","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study develops a photovoltaic (PV)-based hydrogen production system specifically designed for university campuses, which is expected to lead in sustainability efforts. The proposed system aims to meet the electricity demand of a Hydrogen Research Center while supplying energy to an electric charging station and a hydrogen refueling station for battery-electric and fuel-cell electric vehicles operating within the campus. In this integrated system, the electricity generation capacity of PV panels installed on the research center’s roof is determined, and the surplus electricity, after meeting the energy demand, is allocated to cover the varying proportions needed for both electric charging station and hydrogen production system. The green hydrogen produced by the system is compressed to 100, 350 and 700 bar, with intermediate cooling stages where the heat generated at the compressor outlet is absorbed by a cooling fluid and repurposed in a condenser for domestic hot water production. A full thermodynamic analysis of this entirely renewable energy-powered system is conducted by considering a 9-hour daily operational period from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. The average incoming solar radiation is determined to be 484.63 W/m², resulting in an annual electricity generation capacity of 494.86 MWh. Based on the assumptions and data considered, the energy and exergy efficiencies of the proposed system are calculated as 17.71 % and 17.01 %, respectively, with an annual hydrogen production capacity of 3.642 tons. Various parametric studies are performed for varying solar intensity values and PV surface areas to investigate how the overall system capacities and efficiencies are affected. The results show that an integration of hydrogen production systems with solar energy offers significant advantages, including mitigating intermittency issues found in standalone renewable systems, reducing carbon emissions compared to fossil-based alternatives, and enhancing the flexibility of energy systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 120033"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic torrefaction of plastic polymers and biomass","authors":"Nepu Saha ,&nbsp;Jordan Klinger ,&nbsp;Eric Fillerup ,&nbsp;Luke Williams ,&nbsp;Rachel Emerson ,&nbsp;Damon Hartley ,&nbsp;Timothy A. Barckholtz ,&nbsp;Giovanni Pilloni","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the synergistic torrefaction of biomass and plastics, aimed at enhancing bioenergy production and promoting a circular economy. By leveraging the unique properties of both materials, we investigated the thermochemical transformations occurring during the torrefaction process, from material preparation to the final characteristics of the torrefied product. The biomass used included corn stover (CS) and loblolly pine (LP), while various plastics were categorized from #1 to #7. Torrefaction was conducted at temperatures of 200, 225, and 250 °C, with subsequent extrusion of the torrefied materials and raw materials to produce composite filaments. The results show a consistent decrease in mass yield with increased torrefaction temperature, with notable variations among different biomass-plastic combinations. Co-torrefaction of biomass with polyvinyl chloride and polypropylene resulted in accelerated reaction kinetics, with an observed mass loss rate increase of 15 % at 250 °C compared to the expected rates for individual components. This synergy was quantified, indicating a 20.3 % increase in mass loss for the loblolly pine-polypropylene combination and 23.9 % for corn stover-polypropylene. In contrast, other plastics, including polyethylene terephthalate, high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polystyrene, and polycarbonate, did not exhibit significant synergistic effects. Mechanical testing indicated that the torrefaction process alters the strength and brittleness of the resulting materials, with implications for their application in bioenergy production and bio-renewable materials. Overall, this research highlights the potential of synergistic torrefaction as a viable strategy for co-processing biomass and plastics, paving the way for innovative solutions in waste management and renewable energy resource development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 120044"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing district energy systems under uncertainty: Insights from a case study from Washington D.C., USA","authors":"Sebastian Zwickl-Bernhard ,&nbsp;Nicholas Long ,&nbsp;Simon Jordan ,&nbsp;Felix Bauer ,&nbsp;Juliet G. Simpson ,&nbsp;Whitney Trainor-Guitton","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates solutions for delivering affordable heating and cooling to a brownfield site, focusing on a case study in Washington, DC. Moving towards more diverse and resilient energy systems, we identify the optimal portfolio for a district energy system with diverse energy sources to meet the area’s energy demands. Our methodological approach integrates two detailed models: one calculating building-level energy demand and the other optimizing district energy technology choices based on their demand profiles, accounting for uncertainties in energy prices, policies, and other parameters. The results provide an economic comparison of district and individual supply options at the building level, emphasizing the flexibility district systems can offer to the electricity sector. District energy systems demonstrate cost-stabilization benefits amidst volatile energy prices and external uncertainties. For heating, district systems yield significant cost savings compared to individual solutions, driven by fuel flexibility and the use of local renewable energy sources. For cooling, district systems also show advantages, though individual systems may remain more cost-effective for smaller buildings. Additionally, district systems exhibit considerable flexibility on the heating side, as evidenced by variations in electricity consumption. We recommend future research to explore the relationship between the economics of district energy systems, particularly at the building level, and their flexibility potential for the electricity sector across diverse geographic contexts to reduce overall grid costs and promote grid reliability. This includes areas with distinct zoning laws, municipal priorities, utility structures, and funding mechanisms, such as the United States, and regions like Europe with pronounced electricity price volatility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 119979"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative methodology for optimized design and thermo-economic analysis of pillow-plate latent heat thermal energy storage: a case study on heat recovery in the brewing industry","authors":"Giorgio Gioanola ,&nbsp;Hector Bastida ,&nbsp;Elisa Guelpa ,&nbsp;Vittorio Verda ,&nbsp;Adriano Sciacovelli","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the novel class of pillow-plate latent heat thermal energy storage (PP-LHTES) systems based on the combined use of phase change materials (PCM) of pillow plate heat exchanger technology. Despite recent studies highlighting the promising thermal and economic performance of PP-LHTES systems, their investigation remains limited. In particular, there is a lack of comprehensive thermo-economic analyses to support informed decision-making, especially during the design phase. To address this gap, this paper systematically explores the thermo-fluid and economic performance of PP-LHTES systems by analyzing their design space. An innovative procedure for the optimal design of these devices was developed. The proposed methodology consists of two models: a 1D analytical discretized stationary model, called the design model, and a 1D analytical discretized dynamic model, named the dynamic model. The former is used to determine the design parameters and costs, while the latter is used to validate the designed system under dynamic conditions. The two models are validated against relevant experimental studies taken from the literature and show good performances with errors in the order of 10 % for the design model and 2 % for the dynamic model. A total of 27 configurations were evaluated for potential industrial applications, considering energy storage capacities between 5 and 25 MWh and heat transfer rates ranging from 1 to 5 MW. Representative case studies and operating maps highlight the effects of inlet and outlet temperatures and PCM properties on performance. The layer thickness of the storage material and the channel length depend on discharge time, while the channel count remains constant at a fixed heat transfer rate. The heat exchange area, however, varies with energy storage capacity and heat transfer rate. Additionally, cost maps are systematically examined in terms of energy capacity cost ($/kWh) and power capacity cost ($/kW), highlighting the critical relationship between key PP-LHTES design parameters and the overall cost-competitiveness of the technology. Systems designed for higher temperature differentials (ΔT) demonstrated superior thermal and economic performance, reducing the required heat exchange area and lowering both energy and power capacity costs. An exemplar case study is developed, starting from a reference case in the literature, to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. This case study outlines the process of gathering input parameters and demonstrates how the outputs of the two models should be processed to achieve the final design. Ultimately, PP-LHTES emerges as a promising and viable solution for industrial applications at the medium and large scales, with energy capacity costs ranging from 30 to $90 per kWh.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 120025"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical and thermal analysis of an extended compound parabolic concentrator integrated with photovoltaic thermal system using different heat sink configurations","authors":"Sourav Kumar,&nbsp;K.S. Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study models an extended compound parabolic concentrator-photovoltaic thermal (ECPC-PVT) system of a 2.5X concentration ratio, integrating a homogeniser to improve solar flux distribution and a heat sink configuration to manage surface heating. The study provides insights into optimizing ECPC-based PVT systems by adjusting heat sink geometry and cooling fluid parameters. Two heat sink configurations, square and circular risers with hydraulic diameters ranging from 6 mm to 16 mm, are examined for their optical and thermal performance. The Monte Carlo ray-tracing (MCRT) method is used to analyse the solar flux distribution on the ECPC receiver throughout the day from morning 7 h to evening 16 h (10/22/2024). The finite volume method (FVM) is employed to assess the photovoltaic cell temperature using ANSYS Fluent 2021 R1. Results show that the square heat sink configuration outperforms the circular configuration. The system achieves a maximum average solar flux and an optical efficiency of 1383.62 W/m² and 84.67 %, respectively. The peak outlet temperatures for square and circular risers at 16 mm are 318.41 K and 317.63 K, respectively. The maximum thermal efficiencies are 51.02 % for the square riser and 48.85 % for the circular riser, while the corresponding exergy efficiencies are 2.94 % and 2.80 %. Increasing the mass flow rate increases thermal efficiency but reduces outlet temperature and exergy efficiency. The maximum power efficiency for the square riser and circular riser is 16.30 % and 15.960 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 120003"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}