Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

{"title":"Towards hydrogen self-sufficiency: An innovative integration of coal hydrogasification and biomass-assisted autothermal gasification for synthetic natural gas production","authors":"Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhirui Huang ,&nbsp;Weijia Huang ,&nbsp;Shuai Yan ,&nbsp;Ting Yi ,&nbsp;Jie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising demand for natural gas and pursuit for carbon neutrality have intensified research efforts into the production of synthetic natural gas (SNG) from biomass and coal. This study proposed a H₂ self-sufficient process integrating hydrogasification and autothermal gasification (HG-AG) to produce SNG from coal and sawdust. The hydrogasification of coal produces SNG, and the residual char is then co-gasified with biomass to yield H₂<em>.</em> In the hydrogasification subsystem, a moderate hydrogasification temperature favours CH₄ production, with a significant decrease in CH₄ concentration observed above 700 °C under 4 MPa. High hydrogen pressures promote hydrogasification reactions through a shift in the chemical equilibrium towards CH₄ formation. For the autothermal gasification subsystem, increasing temperature and steam to fuel ratio (SFR) enhances H₂ yield. Increasing equivalence ratio (ER) led to higher CO₂ and lower H₂, CO, and CH₄ concentrations. To unveil the synchronized effect of multiple variables, statistical analysis using response surface methodology identified the optimal conditions for maximizing CH₄ and H₂ yields. The optimal conditions for hydrogasification, 613.9 ℃ and 3.7 MPa, resulted in the syngas with 70 mol% CH₄. The optimal ER and SFR for the autothermal gasification are 0.44 and 1.29, respectively, resulting in the syngas with 43 mol% H₂. Compare to traditional two-step system, the studied HG-AG system is energy-efficient and economically feasible. This study illuminates a theoretically compelling pathway for biomass-assisted coal hydrogasification towards SNG production. Future research could focus on the life cycle assessment of HG-AG process to evaluate its environmental impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 119642"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the influence of dusty weather natural wind on the dust characteristics of trough concentrator regions in alpine areas","authors":"Zhimin Wang ,&nbsp;Shangyu Yue ,&nbsp;Gangxing Bian ,&nbsp;Tianrui Deng ,&nbsp;Fance Kong ,&nbsp;Xing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the coupling effect of wind speed and atmospheric particulate concentration, in this study, the dust migration process in different transversal regions of the trough concentrator under three dusty weather conditions, floating dust, blowing dust and sandstorms in alpine areas, is investigated in outdoor experiments. Quantitatively assess the dynamic migration characteristics of dust deposition and removal on the concentrator by measuring its instantaneous reflectivity. The conclusions are as follows: during dusty weather, most dust particles transported by high wind speeds deposit in the lower concentrator region. The reflectivity of each region shows a decreasing trend from top to bottom when the concentrator tilt angle is 60°. The most serious contamination is observed in blowing dust weather, with a maximum decrease of 38.36% in reflectivity in transversal region 1 over 4 hours. Meanwhile, the natural wind has a positive cleaning effect on the floating dust weather, most cleaning factors of each transversal region are greater than 1, and cleaning overall shows that the blowing dust is greater than the sandstorm than the floating dust weather. In addition, the cleaning factor of the lower concentrator region is up to 1.66, significantly higher than the upper, since the high wind speed is the dominant force in removing large dust particles. The findings can provide theoretical guidance for efficient dust removal after different dusty weather conditions in alpine areas, and the dust removal strategy matched to different concentrator regions can be targeted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 119689"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy management strategy for hybrid electric vehicles based on deep reinforcement learning with consideration of electric drive system thermal characteristics","authors":"Juhuan Qin,&nbsp;Haozhong Huang,&nbsp;Hualin Lu,&nbsp;Zhaojun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep reinforcement learning has emerged as a promising candidate for online optimised energy management in hybrid vehicles. However, previous studies have not considered the impact of the overall thermal characteristics of key components in a hybrid electric system on the system performance. In this paper, an energy management strategy based on deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm considering the thermal characteristics of the electric drive system is proposed for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, aiming at controlling the battery and motor temperatures within a safe range and improving the vehicle’s overall performance of the vehicle. Firstly, the temperature models of battery and motor are constructed and introduced into the energy management strategy framework. Secondly, the weight coefficients are adjusted using an intelligent algorithm based on deep deterministic policy gradient to achieve the trade-off between multiple objectives. Simulation experiments are carried out based on a variety of typical cycling conditions, and the results show that the proposed strategy maintains the powertrain in the optimal operating temperature range by dynamically adjusting the operating states of the battery and motor. Compared with the original strategy, the final battery temperature is reduced by 2.557 °C, the motor temperature is reduced by 1.806 °C, and the fuel consumption is reduced by about 8.46 %. Moreover, the energy consumption can reach 95.82 % of the dynamic planning. These results not only verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in energy optimization, but also fully demonstrates its robustness by maintaining a stable output in stress tests with different boundary conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 119697"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Techno-economic analysis and optimization of renewable sources and battery energy storage system across diverse climatic zones considering gas and electrical utilities","authors":"Kiran Qaisar ,&nbsp;Fatima Surayya ,&nbsp;Muhammad Zubair Iftikhar ,&nbsp;Mustafa Anwar ,&nbsp;Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Renewables are considered eco-friendly due to less emission, sustainability, and economical basis. The study focuses on implementation of indigenous renewable generation sources across residential sector of different climatic zones of Pakistan. This study carried-out techno-economic, environmental, robust, and cost analysis. Techno-economic optimization is performed to minimize net present cost (NPC), Levelized cost of electricity (COE) and to maximize renewable fraction (RF) for micro grid of a residential sector. Central and North region has a viable profile for solar irradiance. On that account best MG configuration is PV-BESS along with DG. While for South region wind profile is profitable. So optimum MG configuration in most regions is PV-WT-BESS. A comparative comparison is made for base case having just diesel generator (DG) to fulfil load demand and proposed case having renewables along with DG. Results shows that by adding RERs not only Greenhouse gas emissions are minimizing but also renewable fraction is increased besides minimizing NPC and LCOE. This led us to satisfy SDG-7 and SDG-13. In proposed case another comparison is made between combination of utilities. First configuration has both gas and electrical utility while other has just electrical utility to fulfil load demand. Results show that electrical utility is more efficient and economical.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 119692"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the performance of autocascade steam generating heat pumps through advanced exergy methods","authors":"Xudong Ma,&nbsp;Yanjun Du,&nbsp;Bingqi Li,&nbsp;Cancan Zhang,&nbsp;Yuting Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air-source autocascade steam generating heat pumps have the capability to produce high-temperature steam from low-temperature air, thereby playing a critical role in the global energy transition by aiding the industrial decarbonization. Among the key elements influencing the performance of autocascade steam generating heat pumps is the mixed refrigerant gas–liquid phase separation efficiency. This research proposes an optimization strategy for two-phase refrigerant separation through using the advanced exergy method to address this challenge. An improved autocascade steam generating heat pump model is developed based on this strategy. The study conducts an extensive comparison between the conventional and improved systems of autocascade steam generating heat pump over prolonged operational periods, assessing their performance across energy, exergy, economic, and environmental dimensions. The results indicate that the improved system significantly outperforms the conventional system. Specifically, when the waste heat temperature of 30 °C, the improved system demonstrates an average increase of 20.36 % in the coefficient of performance and a 51.37 % rise in steam mass flow rate under year-round ambient conditions. Furthermore, the improved system achieves an average CO₂ reduction rate of 84.37 % and a comparable enhancement in operational economic efficiency. However, the performance gains of the improved system diminish as the availability of waste heat temperature increases, with performance degradation observed when waste heat temperature reaches a critical threshold. These results underscore the potential of the proposed optimization strategy to guide the design of autocascade cycles and the development of steam generating heat pumps, offering valuable theoretical insights for advancing sustainable industrial heating technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"332 ","pages":"Article 119705"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance assessment of a solar hybrid potable atmospheric water generator using vapour adsorption-thermo electric cooling system","authors":"V. Baiju ,&nbsp;A. Asif Sha ,&nbsp;Ai Bao Chai ,&nbsp;Nibal Fadel Farman Alhialy ,&nbsp;Aneesh G. Nath ,&nbsp;A. Sudheer","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water scarcity remains a critical global challenge, threatening sustainable development and demanding innovative solutions. While desalination is widely regarded as a popular method to address this issue, its energy-intensive nature, production of non-potable byproducts, high cost, and bulky infrastructure make it less suitable for widespread adoption. An alternative approach is the atmospheric water generation system, for which the most commonly used method is the vapour compression systems. However, these systems have their drawbacks, including high energy consumption, reduced effectiveness in low-humidity environments, environmental concerns from refrigerants, and significant maintenance costs. To overcome these limitations, the vapour adsorption system emerges as a promising alternative. It is energy-efficient, environmentally friendly with non-toxic adsorbents, capable of operating in low-humidity conditions, and compatible with renewable energy sources like solar power. However, the system’s relatively low water production rate underscores the need for a hybrid approach to improve both efficiency and output. This consideration has led to the integration of adsorption cooling systems with thermoelectric cooling for atmospheric water generation. Therefore, this study aims to introduce and evaluate a hybrid vapour adsorption–thermoelectric cooling system designed to enhance potable water production. The study is structured in three phases. In the first phase the thermodynamic modelling based on the first law of thermodynamics is conducted. The investigate is to determine the effect of ambient temperature, relative humidity, current, fin length, on the performance of the system. The MATLAB R2024a platform is used for the modelling of the system. The modelling results indicates a maximum output of 71 mL.h⁻¹ for thermoelectric cooling and 121 mL.h⁻¹ for vapour adsorption cooling system at 95 % relative humidity. The design fabrication and performance investigation of the hybrid system is conducted in the second phase. The experimental results confirm a water output of 80.8 mL.h⁻¹, with thermo-electric cooling system contributing 18 mL.h⁻¹ and vapour adsorption cooling system 62.8 mL.h⁻¹ at 30 °C and 75 % relative humidity. In the third phase the economic analysis of the hybrid system is conducted. The hybrid system achieves a daily water output of 1.18 L.day⁻¹, with generation costs estimated at 0.33 $ per litre. The hybrid configuration outperforms standalone systems, offering improved scalability and operational efficiency. An economic analysis highlights its viability and potential as a sustainable solution to address global water scarcity challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 119665"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turning on ambient conditions hydrodeoxygenation of biobased aromatic alcohols through teaming 2D Pd (111) and P-coated carbon","authors":"Wang Kai ,&nbsp;Wei Xuemei ,&nbsp;Xu Haonan ,&nbsp;Mu Xinyuan ,&nbsp;Shi Yujian ,&nbsp;Yu Guoqi ,&nbsp;Shen Hualiang ,&nbsp;Cai Tao ,&nbsp;Luo Yanjuan ,&nbsp;Shang Tianbo ,&nbsp;Yan MingMing ,&nbsp;Shen Runpu","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ambient conditions HDO process is always expected to achieve economically viable conversions, it is of great significance to humans, but it remains a huge challenge. Herein, for the first time, a strategy for normal-temperature and pressure hydrodeoxygenation of biobased aromatic alcohols <span><span>through teaming 2D Pd (111) and P-coated carbon</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> was proposed for chemoselective HDO of various aromatic alcohols with excellent performance under normal conditions (20 °C, 1.0 bar H₂). The C-OH bonds were selectively cleaved while leaving the aromatic moiety intact, and conversions for the targeted compounds exceeding 99.9 % in most cases. Furthermore, we confirmed satisfactory reusability of the 3Pd(111)/AC-P catalyst, being used in up to ten consecutive cycles without significant loss of activity or selectivity significantly. The pronounced effect on the HDO performance is primarily attributed to the synergistic effect for the Pd⁰-Pd^δ+-P species, which enhance the ability of the alcohol hydroxyl group to break under normal temperature and pressure conditions. This work paves the way for efficient and selective HDO reactions of aromatic alcohols under normal condition by utilizing effective palladium facet catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"331 ","pages":"Article 119690"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RSM optimization of heat recovery from the chimneys of natural gas boilers using TEGs array: An approach for simultaneous generation of electric power and preheated water","authors":"S.H. Pourhoseini ,&nbsp;M. Mohammadpoor ,&nbsp;M. Baghban","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural gas as the cleanest fossil fuel has widespread application in households heating systems. However, natural gas has poor radiation and consequently a substantial amount of heat is wasted through the exhaust gas in the chimney of natural gas boilers. The focus of this work is application of Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs) arrays for recovering heat from the chimneys of natural gas boilers aimed at the simultaneous generation of electric power and preheated water and finding the optimum conditions for the process using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) optimization. A TEGs array consisting of 36 TEG modules was installed atop the exhaust gas chimney of a natural gas boiler and output power, flame temperature and energy conversion efficiency were recorded at different equivalence ratios, exhaust gas and water flow rates and co-current and counter-current flows. Finally, the optimum values of the process parameters were determined using RSM optimization. The results indicated that as the resistance of the load was equal to the internal resistance of the TEGs array, the output power was maximized. Furthermore, as the equivalence ratio increases, there is an optimum equivalence ratio such that in this equivalence ratio the output power is maximized. Also, compared to the co-current flow, counter-current flow of water raises the TEGs output power as much as 23.7 %. Finally, an increase in equivalence ratio in the range of 0.4 to 0.7 raises the combined energy conversion efficiency from 32.6 % to 45.8 %. The findings from the RSM optimization reveal a maximum output power of 18.49 W, which is attained by utilizing the optimal values of the parameters analyzed for the boilers. Specifically, these values are an equivalence ratio of 0.7, an exhaust gas flow rate of 201.14 kg/h, and a water flow rate of 2.5 L/min.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"331 ","pages":"Article 119691"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic performance analysis and climate zone-based design of a seasonal solar thermochemical energy storage and heating system in China","authors":"Lexiao Wang,&nbsp;Yimo Luo,&nbsp;Liming Wang,&nbsp;Gesang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prospects of solar heating in China are promising, but solar energy’s intermittency and variability challenge its alignment with winter heating demands. Seasonal thermochemical energy storage (TCES) offers a viable solution by enabling the temporary storage of thermal energy in summer for subsequent winter use. However, the practical application of seasonal TCES technology is limited due to a lack of dynamic performance analysis, control method formulation, and comprehensive system evaluation. Therefore, the study investigated a seasonal TCES system coupled with solar collectors for space heating, with MATLAB and TRNSYS for joint simulation. The dynamic performance of the system and its application in different climate zones in China was explored. Results indicated that the system could effectively store solar heat in summer and provide continuous heating in winter. Based on the climatic divisions of China, the relationships among the system heat release, mass flow rate and the volumetric heat transfer rates were fitted and summarized. Additionally, for the target building located in Changsha of China, the optimal supply–demand ratio of the system was determined to be 1.5:1, achieving an annual heating capacity of 1565.22 kWh, a System Coefficient of Performance (SCOP) of 1.492, and an hourly room temperature satisfaction rate of 96.97%. It was expected that the system could reduce CO₂ emissions by approximately 52.16% compared with traditional coal heating. All the results indicated that the system had great application potential, and the proposed design methods for different climate zones could promote its widespread use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"331 ","pages":"Article 119688"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Static aerodynamic analysis of bio-inspired wind turbine efficiency: Modeling Borneo camphor seed blade designs and their parallel plate arrangements","authors":"H.Y. Peng ,&nbsp;Y.J. Chu ,&nbsp;H.F. Lam ,&nbsp;H.J. Liu ,&nbsp;S.Y. Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inspired by the rotating descent of the Borneo camphor seed, this study employs its cambered wing sections for turbine blade design, modeled using computational fluid dynamics simulations to predict power and torque. In phase one, five types of seed’s wings are modeled under varying fold axis and fold angle configurations. The results identify that wing type 3 exhibits the highest peak power coefficient (0.4328) and torque (2.1310 Nm), leading to its selection for phase two. This phase involves designing flat-plate blade counterparts with varying fold numbers and different levels of fold axis and fold angle to implement the seed’s natural geometry in a cost-effective manner. The results demonstrate that the four-fold configuration achieved a high peak power coefficient of 0.3637, closely followed by the two-fold configuration at 0.3510, indicating a minimal performance difference. This indicates that the increase of fold numbers makes peak power coefficient converge to a maximum value. The two-folds design, therefore, emerges as a practical, cost-efficient option for such bio-inspired wind turbines. The findings of phase one and phase two indicate that both cambered and flat-plate biomimetic models are viable and competitive in the wind turbine industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"331 ","pages":"Article 119681"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}