A solar integrated adsorption carbon dioxide energy storage system

The intermittency and randomness of solar radiation result in unstable output power of photovoltaic and concentrated solar power generation systems, which limits their grid penetration rate. This study proposes a novel solar-integrated adsorption compressed carbon dioxide energy storage system. The newly proposed system realizes the efficient and coordinated storage of photovoltaic electrical energy and solar thermal energy. The system employs a diurnally complementary operation mechanism: storing energy via daytime carbon dioxide desorption and releasing energy through nighttime carbon dioxide adsorption. A comprehensive evaluation framework combining thermodynamic and economic analysis is employed to quantitatively assess the system performance. The research also delves into the critical parameters affecting the overall system. Based on the analysis results, the liquid carbon dioxide tank temperature and the high-pressure low temperature are suggested to be 26.5 ℃ and 46 ℃, respectively. The organic turbine inlet pressure is recommended to be set at 10 MPa. The power rating should be no less than 100 MW to fully utilize the scale benefits of the system. Under the typical operating conditions, the system round trip efficiency and exergy efficiency can reach 70.06 % and 69.60 %, respectively. The cost of the adsorption bed amounts to 46.77 % of the overall investment cost. The levelized cost of storage is 0.1425 ¥/kWh and the dynamic payback period is 5.74 years.