Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

{"title":"Exhaust gas heat recovery using a double-pipe heat exchanger with helical fins, considering gas radiation effect; numerical investigation, performance analysis, and optimization","authors":"Abolfazl Hosseinkhani ,&nbsp;Sina Khaleghi ,&nbsp;Seyyed Abdolreza Gandjalikhan Nassab ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hadi Mohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recovering waste heat from industrial exhaust gases, including those from flare systems, offers a crucial opportunity to enhance energy efficiency and minimize environmental impact. This study investigates the thermal and hydrodynamic performance of a novel gas-to-gas double-pipe heat exchanger with helically baffled fins, specifically designed for heat recovery from flare exhaust gases in various industrial applications. A numerical approach using the finite element method analyzes the effects of helical pitch length, cold gas inlet velocity, and gas radiation absorption coefficients on heat transfer and pressure drop. The study considers pitch lengths from 25 to 100 mm, cold air velocities between 0.5 and 1.5 m/s, and absorption coefficients from 0 to 2 m⁻¹. The results demonstrate that reducing the pitch length enhances turbulence, leading to improved heat transfer but a significant increase in pressure drop. Gas radiation markedly boosts heat flux, particularly at higher absorption coefficients, with minimal influence on pressure drop. A multi-objective optimization approach, targeting maximum heat flux and minimal pressure drop, identifies the optimal configuration. The optimal design features a pitch length of 87.18 mm, an absorption coefficient of 1.88 m⁻¹, and a cold air inlet velocity of 0.63 m/s, achieving a heat flux of 828.45 W/m² and a pressure drop of 2.21 Pa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119961"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of intake valve modulation on engine efficiency and emissions in a stoichiometric spark-ignition natural gas engine at low and mid loads","authors":"Adil M. Shaikh ,&nbsp;Doni M. Thomas ,&nbsp;Benjamin S. Mathews ,&nbsp;Gregory M. Shaver ,&nbsp;Eric Holloway ,&nbsp;Dheeraj Gosala ,&nbsp;Timothy Shipp","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing adoption of natural gas as a transportation fuel is driven by its potential to lower greenhouse gas emissions while serving as a viable alternative to conventional diesel engines. However, conventional stoichiometric spark-ignition (SI) natural gas engines suffer from efficiency losses at low to mid loads due to the use of intake air throttling to regulate airflow. While prior studies have explored intake valve closing (IVC) strategies to improve efficiency by reducing throttling losses, few have experimentally demonstrated clear trends for both early and late intake valve closing (EIVC &amp; LIVC) across low and mid loads, particularly in SI natural gas engines. This study addresses that gap through experimental demonstration of early and late intake valve closing strategies across multiple engine speeds at low and mid loads, while analyzing emission trends and impacts of gas exchange, combustion, heat transfer on efficiency. Tests were conducted on a heavy-duty SI natural gas engine under conditions based on the Low Load Cycle (LLC), a representative duty cycle for urban and vocational vehicles where 87% of fuel energy is consumed at low to mid loads. Steady-state tests at 2.8 and 5.6 bar brake mean effective pressure showed brake thermal efficiency improvements of up to 10% and 6%, respectively, primarily due to reduced pumping losses. Additionally, intake valve closing modulation contributed to NO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> reductions of up to 40% at both low and mid loads, while CO₂ emissions decreased by up to 8%, reflecting reduced fuel consumption. Hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions showed no significant changes across most intake valve closing modulations. Combustion analysis revealed that early intake valve closing leads to combustion deterioration, but the associated reduction in heat transfer, as identified through fuel energy distribution analysis, mitigates its impact on brake thermal efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119893"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-strategy alpha evolution optimization for constrained parameter estimation in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells","authors":"Salih Berkan Aydemir ,&nbsp;Funda Kutlu Onay ,&nbsp;Korhan Ökten","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PEMFCs (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells) are devices widely used today in hydrogen power generation and energy storage systems. PEMFC parameter estimation is crucial for optimizing fuel cell performance, reducing costs, and ensuring system reliability. Accurate estimation allows for better modeling and simulation, and minimizes the need for expensive and time-consuming experiments. The study focuses on a multistrategy alpha evolution algorithm (MSAE) aimed at improving the accuracy of parameter estimation in PEMFCs. The MSAE features enhancements over the traditional alpha evolution method, such as employing a Halton sequence to create the initial population and using a fitness-distance balance technique for selecting appropriate candidate solutions. To assess the coherence and reliability of MSAE, a comparison is made with existing techniques in the literature in three distinct cases. In Case I, there are no parameter restrictions, reflecting conventional parameter estimation approaches. Case II introduces restrictions among the parameters to evaluate consistency, while Case III investigates consistency with varying limits. The results are presented using the sum of squared error (SSE) for comparison with other upcoming algorithms. Considering that SSE differences may be very small in some cases, additional error measures are also used for the evaluation. The results demonstrate that MSAE exceeds other competitive metaheuristic algorithms by achieving lower error rates, including SSE, mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), root mean square error (RMSE) and relative error (RE), while also ensuring highly compatible parameter estimations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119917"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating organic Rankine cycles for waste heat recovery from onboard diesel generators in the maritime sector: Simulation and techno-economic assessment","authors":"Daniel Sánchez-Lozano ,&nbsp;Roque Aguado ,&nbsp;Antonio Escámez ,&nbsp;José Antonio Hernández-Torres ,&nbsp;Juan P. Torreglosa ,&nbsp;David Vera","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The maritime sector’s dependence on fossil fuels, coupled with the rising crude oil prices, underscores the urgent need to enhance ship efficiency and advance the decarbonization of the marine sector. This paper evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of integrating organic Rankine cycle (ORC) systems in diesel-electric propulsion marine distribution vessels. A comprehensive simulation and optimization of a 1.6 MW ORC unit, using acetone as the working fluid, has been conducted. The system is designed to recover waste heat from the exhaust gases of diesel generators aboard a vessel. Under an 85% load of the diesel generators, the ORC bottoming unit demonstrates a net electrical efficiency of 8.45% with a thermodynamic cycle efficiency of 18.73%. It is estimated that this system could reduce annual carbon dioxide emissions and diesel fuel consumption by 18.5% compared to conventional systems. From a financial perspective, assuming a conservative discount rate of 8%, the ORC system demonstrates long-term viability with a cumulative profit of 44% on the initial investment, a payback period of 11.7 years, and an internal rate of return of 12.8%. Additionally, the advantages of integrating the ORC with direct current distribution networks are highlighted, simplifying system architecture and improving energy efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119859"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical analysis of NH3-H2O-LiBr ternary absorbent based EKalina cycle for ocean thermal energy conversion","authors":"Wenyi Peng,&nbsp;Han Yuan,&nbsp;Suyun Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ocean thermal energy is a renewable source, but its low temperature differential between the cooling and heating sources limits the conversion efficiency. Selecting an efficient working fluid is a key strategy for improving performance. This study introduces a novel ternary absorbent solution, NH₃-H₂O-LiBr, as the working medium for the EKalina ocean thermal energy conversion cycle. Lithium bromide is added to the NH₃-H₂O solution, which, due to its strong hygroscopic properties, reduces the phase equilibrium pressure. Additionally, A one-dimensional non-equilibrium phase change model for a liquid–gas ejector is established. The thermodynamic performance comparison of both NH₃-H₂O-LiBr ternary mixture and NH₃-H₂O binary mixture for ocean thermal energy conversion cycle is conducted. The results show that compared to the NH₃-H₂O binary cycle, the NH₃-H₂O-LiBr ternary cycle reduces the generator and condenser pressure by 279.19 kPa and 147.79 kPa respectively, while increasing the thermal efficiency of the cycle by 12.8 %, reaching 5.1 %. In the EKalina cycle based on ternary mixture, the entrainment ratio of the liquid–gas ejector ranges from 0.069 to 0.097. With a fixed nozzle length, the pressure drops of the solution and the gas ratio increase by 16.3 % and 5.3 %, respectively, which contributes to improving the entrainment ratio of the ejector and enables the cycle to operate effectively at a smaller reflux ratio. The NH₃-H₂O-LiBr ternary absorbent solution demonstrates superior performance in ocean thermal energy conversion cycle compared to conventional binary working pairs like NH₃-H₂O, making it a promising working fluid for ocean thermal energy conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119934"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of energy storage towards net-zero emissions in the European electricity system","authors":"Arijit Upadhyay ,&nbsp;Tim Tröndle ,&nbsp;Alissa Ganter ,&nbsp;Ivalin Petkov ,&nbsp;Paolo Gabrielli ,&nbsp;Giovanni Sansavini","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the role of different energy storage technologies in a European electricity sector that complies with the target of net-zero carbon emissions in 2050. We consider three energy storage technologies, namely battery, pumped hydro, and hydrogen storage. We find that the cost-minimal energy storage mix in a country depends on the generation mix, and we identify three country archetypes in Europe based on the prevailing energy storage technology. When available, pumped hydro dominates the storage mix, reducing the need for new battery and hydrogen storage installations. Overall, short-term battery storage best captures solar fluctuations and is optimally combined with solar generation, while long-term hydrogen storage compensates for both solar and wind peak generation. Moreover, we quantify the impact of modeling the European system with different spatial resolutions and net self-sufficiency scales, from regional to continental, on the optimal energy storage mix. The comparative assessment of different spatial resolutions shows that the amount of energy storage installed, and especially the amount of hydrogen storage, increases significantly for higher spatial resolutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 119887"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144088972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel non-uniform array approach for wireless power transmission modules based on sub-cells of different sizes","authors":"Jingyang Han ,&nbsp;Jianbin Chen ,&nbsp;Guotai Li ,&nbsp;Richeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Lijie Sun ,&nbsp;Yong Li ,&nbsp;Jianyu Lan","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photovoltaic (PV) arrays serve as photoelectric conversion devices essential for remotely located systems relying on wireless power transmission (WPT), eliminating the need for physical contact with the ground. To address two major challenges—the geometric mismatch between conventional PV arrays and the circular incident light spot, and the current mismatch caused by non-uniform irradiation, this study proposes a novel PV module: a near-circular, non-uniform configuration array tailored for WPT applications. Comprehensive simulation models were developed to evaluate and compare the performance of three uniform configuration arrays with two geometrically distinct non-uniform arrays. These arrays were assessed under two different irradiation profiles and two electrical connection schemes. The proposed non-uniform array achieves sub-cell filling rates of 83 % and 90.5 %, respectively, and reduces energy loss due to cell heating by 44.02 %. Compared with uniform arrays, the non-uniform array under the first connection scheme shows a 14.97 % improvement in energy utilization and a 46.04 % increase in output power. This design significantly mitigates geometric mismatch with the circular light spot, thereby enhancing photoelectric conversion efficiency. Additionally, the influence of Gaussian (GS) and Flat-Top (FT) beam distributions on output performance across different patch sizes was examined under both connection schemes (Connect 1 and Connect 2). Results indicate that non-uniform patches under the Connect 2 scheme exhibit smoother I-V and P-V characteristics, simplifying maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and improving the stability of power output under varying beam profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"339 ","pages":"Article 119903"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient energy conversion in marine fuel cells: Multiphysics analysis of heat/mass transfer under realistic oceanic roll conditions","authors":"Zheng Dong,&nbsp;Yanjun Chen,&nbsp;Deqiang He","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology has emerged as a promising high-efficiency and zero-emission power solution for marine propulsion systems. While inertial forces induced by vessel motion are known to affect PEMFC performance, the specific impact mechanisms under rolling conditions remain unexplored. This study presents a systematic investigation of PEMFC dynamic characteristics under ocean rolling motion through a three-dimensional transient model integrating multiphysics coupling. The developed framework combines hydrodynamic analysis with dynamically updated rolling kinematics. The results show that the rolling motion leads to a maximum reduction of 9.89% in the fuel cell’s output power, a maximum fluctuation of 16.14% in the current density, and a 23.55% fluctuation in temperature. The magnitudes of these fluctuations escalate with decreasing rolling periods and increasing rolling angles. Additionally, higher operating voltages and lower operating pressures mitigate rolling-induced perturbations. Regarding the rolling effects, the streamwise inertial force emerges as a dominant factor. The rolling motion drives the redistribution of hydrogen and oxygen concentrations, modulates flow velocities, and alters pressure gradients within the flow channels. Consequently, these multiphysics interactions disrupt electrochemical kinetics, resulting in variability in hydrogen consumption (including efficiency losses) and thermal heterogeneity in the membrane.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 119930"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passive Adsorptive Direct air capture (PADAC) using a Nature-assisted temperature Swing Process: A sustainable solution for residential CO2 emissions","authors":"Ismail Filahi,&nbsp;Ayalew H. Assen,&nbsp;Youssef Belmabkhout,&nbsp;Jamal Chaouki","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous regions worldwide experience abundant natural sunlight and significant temperature differentials between night and day. We propose a novel system called Passive Adsorptive Direct Air Capture (PADAC), which leverages a natural temperature gradient to facilitate CO₂ adsorption and desorption cycles. Specifically, CO₂ is adsorbed during the cooler nighttime temperatures and desorbed during the warmer daytime temperatures. Our conceptual prototype was designed, developed, and tested in Morocco with a single adsorptive-desorptive cycle. To assess its global applicability, we selected several regions worldwide, where our system could be installed and work optimally, characterized by significant temperature fluctuations between day and night. This paper aims to demonstrate proof of concept to validate the feasibility of the PADAC process. The design of a pilot-scale experimental setup is presented, along with supporting experiments in the field that validate the proof of concept. We have experimentally demonstrated that the PADAC system can reach desorption temperatures of up to 93 °C, while its overnight temperature can drop to as low as 13 °C. These temperature ranges obtained by the Nature-assisted Temperature Swing Adsorption (Na-TSA) process, are optimal for the desorption and adsorption processes of most solid adsorbents. We have found that the PADAC achieves an efficiency of approximately 52 % in delivering the required temperature range for desorption. This innovative approach addresses the high energy costs typically associated with DAC by utilizing free thermal energy from natural temperature variations between night and day, with the main purpose of offsetting up to 1 t of CO₂ per person per residence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 119925"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening biodegradable alternatives to mineral oil coolants","authors":"Max Dekkers ,&nbsp;Maryam Ebrahimiazar ,&nbsp;Amin Kazemi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Zargartalebi ,&nbsp;David Sinton","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mineral oils have been used extensively as cooling liquids, particularly when electrical insulation and high thermal stability are required. However, their use is increasingly scrutinized as they biodegrade slowly and accumulate in the environment. While alternatives including vegetable oils have been studied, viable options would need to provide comparable thermal and physical properties while being biodegradable, renewable, and cost-effective. In this study, candidate fluids, including mixtures of non-edible oils, essential oils, and synthetic esters were screened for thermophysical properties specifically density, specific heat capacity, viscosity, and thermal conductivity. To accommodate a wide range of fluids, fast multiplexed measurements were employed – an experimental campaign involving 2,500 tests performed at 50-fold the rate of conventional testing (that would require over 1,000 h). Density and viscosity were measured using a flow-through resonance quartz sensor, specific heat capacity was determined using a microfluidic calorimeter, and thermal conductivity was predicted using empirical models tailored to different molecular structures. With this approach, we identified biodegradable alternative mixtures – among a broad spectrum of vegetable oils, non-edible oils, essential oils, and natural and synthetic esters – with overall performance exceeding that of mineral oils. The best-performing formulations consisted of 65% jojoba or cottonseed oil (non-edible oils), 15% pine or tea tree oil (essential oils), and 20% synthetic ester (MIDEL 7131), achieving a balance of viscosity, oxidative stability, and thermal efficiency. These results confirm the feasibility of developing viable, biodegradable, renewable, and cost-effective alternatives that avoid the environmental costs of mineral oils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"338 ","pages":"Article 119848"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}