Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

{"title":"Wind velocity driven mode transition based piezoelectric energy harvesting utilizing fork-shaped configuration","authors":"Fayu Guo ,&nbsp;Lili Dong ,&nbsp;Wan Sun ,&nbsp;Bo Su ,&nbsp;Guanggui Cheng ,&nbsp;Tong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel fork-shaped piezoelectric galloping-based energy harvester featuring multi-modal vibration characteristics, which can adaptively switch between the first two vibration modes in response to variations in incoming wind velocity. The side beams of the fork-shaped structure are specially connected to the central beam through a connecting plate, enabling independent motion under transverse aerodynamic loads. A distributed-parameter aero-electro-mechanical coupled model, taking into account the rotational motion of the bluff bodies, is established based on the extended Hamilton’s principle and quasi-steady hypothesis. Systematic analysis of in-phase and out-of-phase modal characteristics via the theoretical model reveals that the proposed structure exhibits a remarkably low critical wind velocity of 0.4 m/s. Wind tunnel experiments demonstrate that as wind velocity increases, the structure undergoes an adaptive mode transition from the first-mode-dominated to the second-mode-dominated response. Benefiting from this adaptive mode transition at high wind velocities, the proposed system achieves excellent output performance, with the overall average output power increased by 49.61% compared to an array of two galloping-based piezoelectric energy harvesters. Overall, this study provides new insights and theoretical guidance for enhancing multi-modal energy harvesting capacity over a broad wind velocity range.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121184"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146160952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and optimization of a hub-type reactor configuration based on the kinetics experiments of AB-type hydrogen storage alloys","authors":"Liuyang Xu ,&nbsp;Linhan Yu ,&nbsp;Yumin Wang ,&nbsp;Heyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenyun Qiao ,&nbsp;Hu He ,&nbsp;Ruiyang Qu ,&nbsp;Xuesen Du","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal hydride hydrogen storage offers a safe, compact solution for solid-state hydrogen storage but is fundamentally limited by the poor thermal conductivity of the storage alloys, which severely restricts system reaction kinetics. To overcome this bottleneck, this study developed an optimized reactor geometry through integrated kinetics experimentation and multiphysics simulation. The absorption/desorption kinetics of a Ti-Fe-Mn alloy were first characterized, with the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov (JMAK) model providing the most accurate description (R² &gt; 0.995). This model was then implemented in CFD simulations to evaluate a novel hub-type finned reactor design. Results indicate that compared to conventional reactors, the hub-type reactor achieves a 46.1% increase in hydrogen storage rate and a 48.8% increase in hydrogen desorption rate. Compared to finned reactors with different ring widths, the hydrogen storage rate increased by 11%, 16.4%, and 32.4%, respectively, while the hydrogen desorption rate increased by 11.8%, 18.3%, and 33.5%, respectively. Analysis of the flow and temperature fields revealed that these improvements stem from the design’s “uniform thermal partitioning,” which enhances both heat conduction and hydrogen permeation. Structural optimization identified an optimal configuration with 4 hubs and a 3 mm fin thickness. This work provides a quantitatively validated design principle and a scalable modeling framework for engineering high-performance metal hydride storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121196"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced tri-generation waste heat recovery system for simultaneous power, freshwater, and cooling production","authors":"M.A. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Sameh Nada ,&nbsp;Shinsuke Mori ,&nbsp;Hamdy Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121180","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Recovering energy from low-grade saturated industrial steam remains a significant thermodynamic challenge because of the dominance of latent heat, which makes conventional sensible-heat recovery systems ineffective. To make use of this underused resource, this study introduces a tri-generation system that combines an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), a Humidification–Dehumidification (HDH) desalination unit, and a silica-gel Adsorption Cooling System (ACS) in a fully decoupled parallel setup. The ORC acts as a thermal conditioner, capturing a large amount of latent energy from the steam source, converting it into electricity, and producing a steady 85°C subcooled condensate stream that powers the HDH and ACS units. The system is designed to operate effectively across a wide range of conditions (source temperatures from 90 to 150°C and steam qualities from 0.05 to 0.97), ensuring its versatility for various real-world applications. A hybrid MATLAB–Engineering Equation Solver (EES) computational framework was utilized to simulate the multi-physics integration. The model reliability was established through subsystem-level validation against experimental datasets, yielding a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of less than 7.5% for individual components. Thermodynamic analysis reveals that ORC performance is susceptible to steam quality; net power output surges from 213 kW to 1299 kW at 150°C as steam quality rises from 0.05 to 0.97. Notably, the ORC thermal efficiency remains stable across varying loads, driven by flowrate scaling rather than state-point shifts. Regarding the bottoming cycles, the HDH unit was optimized at a Mass Ratio (MR) of 2, achieving a peak Gain Output Ratio (GOR) of ≈1.8. Crucially, a unified optimal operating window was identified within the 20–30% heat allocation range, where desalination performance aligns with the ACS maximum Coefficient of Performance (COP ≈ 0.5). Consequently, the integrated framework amplifies the Energy Utilization factor (EUF) for overall system from a baseline of 7.27% (stand-alone ORC) to a peak of 53.09% at 90°C (compared to 33.2% at 150°C) under the water-prioritized Configuration A (95% HDH / 5% ACS allocations with maximum seawater flow), effectively converting the entire latent heat content into valuable outputs. The techno-economic assessment demonstrates exceptional commercial viability. At high steam quality (0.97), the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) drops to 0.0094 $/kWh at 150°C and 0.0128 $/kWh at 90°C. Additionally, Levelized Costs of Water (LCOW) and Cooling (LCOC) settle at 0.22–0.38 $/m&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and 0.036 $/kWh, respectively. Profitability analysis indicates rapid returns, with payback periods falling below 2 years for high-quality steam. Finally, addressing the dynamic nature of real-world operations, a comprehensive annual optimization was conducted for New Borg El-Arab City. By defining the Total Annualized Cost (TAC) as the sole objective function, the study evalu","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121180"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A heat pump-driven evaporative crystallization system for energy-efficient and cost-effective solar-powered hypersaline wastewater treatment","authors":"Luman Yang,&nbsp;Qian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The environmental threats posed by the high volume and salt content of hypersaline wastewater necessitate effective treatment strategies to prevent untreated discharge. Traditional mechanical vapor compression (MVC) technology, while effective, is energy-intensive and costly. This study proposes a heat pump-driven evaporative crystallization (HPEC) system, which employs photovoltaic (PV) electricity to power a heat pump for evaporative crystallization processes, thus achieving zero liquid discharge. To assess the feasibility of the proposed HPEC system, thermodynamic and thermo-economic analyses are conducted to compare its performance with that of conventional MVC system. Results show that the HPEC benefits from energy-efficient cold startup using its heat pump, leading to &gt;50% of energy saving compared to MVC. Furthermore, the incorporation of thermal energy storage in HPEC significantly reduces storage costs that would otherwise be incurred with expensive batteries. With a daily processing capacity of 800 m³, the levelized costs of water treatment for the HPEC is reduced to $5.7/m³, as compared to $6.85/m³ for MVC. The results will pave the way for cost-effective and energy-efficient hypersaline water treatment systems driven by solar energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121190"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-source data fusion for marine four-stroke diesel engine fault diagnosis: An adaptive weight transfer learning framework","authors":"Zeyu Shi ,&nbsp;Zhongwei Wang ,&nbsp;Hongyuan Ding ,&nbsp;Zhaotong Liu ,&nbsp;Zhimin Fu ,&nbsp;Wenjie Li ,&nbsp;Jingzhou Fei","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In practical marine engine health management, single-source diagnostic models often fail to generalize across varying operating conditions and between simulated and measured data, limiting reliable fault diagnostic under realistic service variability. This study addresses these challenges by targeting lubrication-system fault diagnosis and proposing a multi-source domain adaptation framework for four-stroke marine diesel engines. The framework integrates a “shared-specialized collaborative” cross-domain network to balance feature generality and domain specificity, a dynamic weighted adversarial subdomain alignment mechanism based on information entropy to learn batch-level weights for source–target pairs, and a semi-supervised learning strategy with an auxiliary regularizer to stabilize transfer under limited target labels. The validation is carried out on an instrumented 8 V396 testbed at 25%, 50% and 75% load and on complementary simulated source domains. The framework achieves average diagnostic accuracies of 83.64% (pure real measured scenarios) and 82.37% (real-simulation hybrid data scenarios). These results confirm superior classification performance and cross-domain generalisation capabilities. This study provides a feasible pathway for effective multi-source data fusion and utilisation in marine diesel engine health management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121194"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking flexibility value in energy communities: an assessment across multiple energy markets in Portugal","authors":"João Victor Costa,&nbsp;Diogo Couceiro,&nbsp;Diana Neves","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy communities are emerging as key enablers of decentralised, locally autonomous and resilient energy systems, in which third-party aggregators play a crucial role in managing demand-side flexibility across markets. This study addresses the need for a quantitative, multi-market assessment of how residential flexibility from energy communities can be optimally scheduled considering a case study in Portugal. The central premise is that an independent aggregator can pool and manage residential flexibility in ways that generate additional value streams for both the community and the aggregator through differentiated market-participation strategies. A multi-objective optimisation framework is applied to a residential energy community equipped with photovoltaic generation, a battery energy storage system, and flexible loads. A profit-redistribution mechanism to co-optimise community cost savings and aggregator profit from trading flexibility is tested across the Day-Ahead, Intraday, automatic Frequency Restoration Reserve, and Local Flexibility Markets. Results show aggregator net profits between 1.0–19.5%, up to 1281 €/year, and community energy cost reductions between 2.0–28.8%, up to 405 € annually by participant, with revenue stacking providing additional gains. Peak-load reductions reach up to 17%, while the Self-Sufficiency Ratio varies from 29.7% to 31.4%. Reserve services and local flexibility markets deliver higher economic benefits than wholesale price arbitrage, but their practical use is constrained by market entry thresholds, respectively 1 MW and 0.01 MW. Adequate remuneration for the participants will also depend on explicit profit-redistribution schemes to ensure balanced outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121173"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pressure on emission and transition characteristics of ammonia/hydrogen flameless combustion at high thermal intensities for carbon-free gas turbine applications","authors":"Mohammad Kalamuddin Ansari,&nbsp;Zahra Mundrawala,&nbsp;Amber Tomar,&nbsp;Sudarshan Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation of turbulent non-premixed ammonia/hydrogen combustion under high-pressure (1–5 bar) and high-thermal-intensity conditions in a flameless combustion regime relevant to carbon-free gas turbine applications. Experiments conducted in a conical combustor with offset tangential air injection are complemented by a chemical reactor network (CRN) and CFD simulations. Results show a systematic reduction in NO_x emissions with increasing pressure, attributed to altered reaction pathways and extended residence times. Image-based flame diagnostics helped investigate thermal gradients and intensity distributions as possible indicators of the transition from conventional to flameless combustion mode. These diagnostics reveal pressure-dependent changes in flame structure, indicating a transition from uniform flameless combustion at low pressure to localized ignition and stronger thermal gradients at higher pressures. The influence of equivalence ratio on flame uniformity and luminosity is also identified. Overall, this work demonstrates the technical feasibility of high-pressure NH₃/H₂ flameless combustion and highlights its strong potential as an emission-control strategy for carbon-free gas turbine systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121219"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual evaporating temperature steam generation heat pump system for waste heat recovery of air–liquid hybrid cooling data center","authors":"Ce Zhang ,&nbsp;Minxia Li ,&nbsp;Xun Chen ,&nbsp;Chaobin Dang ,&nbsp;Xiuming Li ,&nbsp;Zongwei Han","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As information technologies such as ChatGPT, cloud computing, and 5G continue to evolve, data centers are consuming an escalating amount of energy. Data centers require year-round, uninterrupted cooling. However, traditional cooling technology faces the following challenges. On the one hand, the cooling capacity of air cooling technology is poor, and the initial investment of liquid cooling technology is high. On the other hand, waste heat from data center cooling system is directly discharged into the environment, the energy utilization efficiency is low. To solve the above problems, a novel thermal management scheme for data centers is proposed in this study. Regarding the data center cooling, the novel scheme is constructed based on an air–liquid hybrid cooling architecture to balance energy efficiency performance with technical feasibility. Regarding the air–liquid hybrid cooling architecture waste heat recovery, steam is generated through the dual evaporating temperature heat pump system, which enables synergistic recovery of waste heat from both the air and liquid cooling modules. The theoretical analysis and experimental research are conducted to compare the novel scheme with traditional scheme. The results show that in three typical cities, the operating cost, carbon emission, and life cycle cost of the novel scheme can be reduced by more than 15%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121199"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146161078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel approach to improving refrigeration cycle performance: using a two-stage intermediary heat exchanger and ultrasonic humidifying system along with economic analyses","authors":"Amin Jodat ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Najafian ,&nbsp;Amin Emamian ,&nbsp;Babak Erfan Manesh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sheykhi ,&nbsp;Shunmin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy efficiency is a critical challenge in conventional refrigeration systems, which often suffer from significant energy losses due to waste heat dissipation and inefficient disposal of condensate water from the evaporator, contributing to higher operational costs and environmental impacts. Despite advances in refrigeration technologies, integrated approaches combining heat recovery and evaporative pre-cooling remain underexplored. To address this research gap, this study investigates the potential of integrating an intermediate heat exchanger with a nebulizer to enhance the performance of an air-cooled vapor compression refrigeration cycle. An experimental setup comprising a 200 cm × 35 cm × 35 cm air-conditioning tunnel and a 3.5 kW R404a refrigeration cycle equipped with PLC-based temperature and pressure monitoring was constructed under controlled laboratory conditions. Airflow and temperature were controlled using a variable-speed blower and PID-regulated heaters/evaporator, while water flow through a shell-and-tube heat exchanger (preheating domestic water for later use) was varied from 60 to 240 L/h. Results indicate that increasing water flow to 240 L/h reduces compressor power consumption by 17% and improves the system’s coefficient of performance by more than threefold. Similarly, lowering the condenser inlet air temperature by 7 °C using a nebulizer decreases compressor power demand by 3.8% and enhances the coefficient of performance by 1.53-fold. Economic analysis shows that heat recovery with a water flow rate of 210 L/h can achieve annual savings of approximately $300, whereas the nebulizer implementation entails a payback period exceeding five years. Furthermore, the nebulizer offers a strategic operational benefit by preventing system shutdown during periods of high ambient temperature (exceeding the refrigeration cycle’s design point) through condenser cooling, thereby avoiding operational interruptions and potential losses. These findings demonstrate the substantial technical and economic benefits of combining heat recovery and evaporative pre-cooling in conventional refrigeration systems, offering a promising strategy for energy-efficient and sustainable cooling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121198"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal management of backup power supply resources for critical infrastructure sites using mobile electricity storage facilities","authors":"Krzysztof Zagrajek ,&nbsp;Desire D. Rasolomampionona ,&nbsp;Mariusz Kłos ,&nbsp;Enrico Elio De Tuglie ,&nbsp;Giulia Amato ,&nbsp;Luigi Pio Savastio","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2026.121169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In modern power systems, low-emission backup power resources (BPR) are being explored to enhance the reliability of power supply and strengthen the energy resilience of critical infrastructure. One such resource is mobile energy storage facilities (MESF). They take the form of custom electric vehicles (CEV) with MESF in their cargo space. The aim of this article is to investigate the optimal mix of energy potential available with resources such as Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and CEV vehicles supported by a local diesel generator. The article proposes a research methodology for assessing the economic viability of deploying energy services using MESF to improve the energy security of priority loads, especially critical infrastructure sites by minimizing the cost of electricity supply from the BPR mix. The reference point is the value of energy not delivered, estimated using the value of lost load (VOLL) indicator. The study included 18 test simulations of BPR resource dispatch over the course of a year, considering the hourly power demand profile of the end-user and the probability of grid constraints. The results indicate that economic viability is achieved when service activation exceeds 125 h, and the profits from using such resources can reach almost EUR 2 million. For 6 out 18 applied testing scenarios, the profits of using BPR’s optimal mix were recorded, ranging from 168,000 EUR to 1,824,693 EUR. The results demonstrate that it is possible to utilize CEV vehicles in enhancing the energy resilience of critical infrastructure, using it as one of resources alongside V2G technology and Diesel Generators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121169"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}