Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

{"title":"An innovative approach to assessing and optimizing floating solar panels","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Floating photovoltaic energy is an emerging solution to the need for decarbonization of the current society. It is currently in the early stages of implementation, so there are not many previous experiences to standardize decision-making and the most relevant operating parameters such as, the tilt angle of a fast as in conventional photovoltaics. In addition, the lack of specific design tools and production calculations for floating solar is a barrier to the correct understanding of the real advantages of floating solar versus conventional solar. From the point of view of the investment, the stakeholders do not have a complete analysis of the profitability of their investment. From a technical, environmental and legislative point of view, there is not enough information available to establish standards and criteria for the design and selection of the most suitable water bodies at local, regional or state level. This research aims to fill this gap by proposing a specific framework based on geographic information systems (GIS), multi-criteria analysis (MCDA) and intelligent optimization (Genetic Algorithm). The objective is to select within a set of water bodies those where the investment is most beneficial from a holistic perspective considering technical, economic, social, environmental, and legislative criteria. Once the optimal location is obtained, the framework obtains the tilt angles that minimize the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) by means of intelligent optimization techniques that evaluate the characteristics of each water body, such as location or available surface. The tilt angle obtained in this research achieves LCOE improvements of between 2.1% and 8.4% with respect to the tilt angle obtained by conventional methods applied to ground photovoltaics. Spain has been chosen as a case study as it is a region with a high solar potential and an even distribution of water bodies in which there is still no legislative framework in force.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196890424009695/pdfft?md5=9d0b8acdbc2f7f7932713f6c489c144f&pid=1-s2.0-S0196890424009695-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of hexanol and its blends in diesel engines","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Growing concerns regarding global warming, climate change, air pollutants and rising energy demand, have triggered many researchers to explore better, alternate renewable energy resources. Hexanol, a next generation fuel, which can be derived from renewable resources, has emerged as a promising candidate due to its higher energy density, greater calorific value, higher cetane number, lower latent heat of evaporation, lower hygroscopic, and lower corrosiveness when compared to the light alcohols such as methanol, and ethanol. Furthermore, it has higher flash point, and low volatility, making it safe for storage and transportation. This study provides an in-depth analysis of research on hexanol usage in diesel engines. First, the feedstocks, production methods, environmental and human health impacts, supply and demand, and the fuel application of hexanol are reported. Subsequently, different hexanol variations including single, binary blends (hexanol-biodiesel and hexanol-diesel), ternary blends (hexanol, biodiesel and petroleum diesel) and multi-blends applications are separately reviewed and compared to petrol diesel. Hence, this study clearly demonstrates the effects of hexanol on the combustion parameters, performance, and exhaust emissions of diesel engines. Consequently, it highlights general conclusions and future proposed research directions. The utilization of hexanol as a drop-in fuel has been thoroughly summarized to guide and inform future research efforts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-emissions hydrogen from MCH dehydrogenation: Integration with LNG regasification","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Methylcyclohexane (MCH) is a promising organic hydride carrier for hydrogen transport and storage. Recovering hydrogen from MCH is an energy intensive process. An innovative idea of integrating this process with liquified natural gas (LNG) regasification is proposed in this study and demonstrated via modelling and simulation to substantially reduce external energy use. The synergistic benefits are twofold. In addition to providing a cold energy source for an effective high recovery cryogenic flash separation, the organic Rankine cycle based electrical power generation potential from LNG cold energy is fully exploited to reduce/eliminate external electricity demand for hydrogen compression to the high (end use) pressure. The results is a major reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. The proposed design for an integrated LNG-H₂ <!-->terminal can supply (1) 99.99 mol% pure hydrogen to a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) power plant and (2) commercial-grade natural gas to a gas-grid, both at the desired pressures and temperatures. Subsequently, rigorous simulation-based optimization was performed to minimize external energy inputs.<!--> <!-->A case study with 100 tph MCH and 100 tph LNG showed that integrating regasification with dehydrogenation produced 6.2 tph of hydrogen while gasifying LNG with a net power generation of 310 kW and a hydrogen recovery cost of 0.282 $/kg H₂. Up to 7.3 tonnes of hydrogen can be produced per 100 tonnes of LNG without the use of external power. On the other hand, using external power, up to 11.3 tonnes of hydrogen can be produced per 100 tonnes of LNG without any external refrigeration. Overall, the superstructure proposed in this manuscript provides a generic initial approach for future MCH hydrogen supply chain projects, when considering integrations with LNG regasification plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive model predictive control of a residential solar-air hybrid heat pump system","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the increasing adoption of renewable energy in the power grid, the future of building energy systems is transitioning toward a distributed and multi-source energy framework. To significantly alleviate strain on the power grid and enhance the integration of renewable energy sources, it is important to optimize the energy intergation and the use of energy storage. To realize decarbonization in domestic hot water supply, this paper proposed a new residential solar-air hybrid heat pumps water heating system based on a three-fluid heat exchanger. Furthermore, an adaptive model predictive control (AMPC) with online model-updating was developed to realize the demand response control for minimized power payment when the hot water requirement is well satisfied. As a result, the proposed hybrid solar-air heat pump system demonstrates superior performance and flexibility, which outperforms the parallel solar-assisted heat pump system with a 14.5% increase in energy savings and a 23.3% improvement in overall system performance. Moreover, the developed model predictive controller consistently demonstrates 52.5% energy saving and 15.5% cost savings in typical day compared to rule-based control strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capacity configuration of fuel cell hybrid vehicles using enhanced multi-objective particle swarm optimization with competitive mechanism","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A well-designed hybrid powertrain is crucial for ensuring the safe, efficient, and durable operation of fuel cell hybrid vehicles. This paper introduces a modular design approach for powertrains, utilizing a Competitive mechanism-based Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (CMOPSO) algorithm integrated with nested dynamic programming. In this approach, the upper layer employs the CMOPSO algorithm to design the powertrain system, while the lower layer optimizes power coordination for each proposed design. This two-layer optimization framework considers factors such as vehicle economy and durability. Under WLTP conditions, the capacity configuration results are a fuel cell with a rated power of 22 kW, 100 batteries in series, and 7 batteries in parallel. Furthermore, the modular approach outperforms three other algorithms in terms of solution count, diversity, and overall performance metrics. The study also highlights that the vehicle’s power demand characteristics, influenced by different driving cycles, significantly affect capacity configuration results. Sensitivity analysis reveals that both the total operating cost and manufacturing cost of the vehicle are most sensitive to variations in the fuel cell rated power.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on a 3 kWe free-piston Stirling engine-based combined heat and power system using a clean coal burner","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Distributed energy systems have gained increased attention in recent years, due to their technical and economic benefits. Among them, the free-piston Stirling engine offers remarkable advantages such as compactness, high efficiency, and reliability. In this work, a distributed energy system comprising a 3 kWe free-piston Stirling generator and utilizing a clean coal burner as a heat source is proposed. The system is optimized based on one-dimensional steady state thermodynamic calculations using the software package of Engineering Equation Solver. Experiments are carried out to investigate the operational performance of the coal-fired free-piston Stirling engine based combined heat and power system. The field test results demonstrate a maximum power of 3200 We and a thermal efficiency of 67%. Overall, the maximum thermal-to-electric of the system is 16%. Additionally, the analysis of the internal energy flow showed that the maximum exergy efficiency of the system is 20%, revealing a potential for further optimization. The findings of this study demonstrate the feasibility of developing a cost-effective and efficient off-grid energy supply system based on free-piston Stirling engine technology while employing clean coal burners as the heat source.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy, exergy, economic and environmental studies on a nonflammable eco-friendly mixture for efficient heating in cold regions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a compelling alternative to fossil fuel combustion, air-source heat pumps face challenges in inefficiency, flammability, and pollution when operated at low ambient temperatures. To address the demand for safe, eco-friendly and efficient heating during wintertime, this work is devoted to exploring a novel refrigerant for air-source heat pumps. The zeotropic mixture has the potential to meet all the above demands at appropriate operating parameters, although specific feasible mixtures are still under investigation. In this work, a novel mixture of carbon dioxide and <em>trans</em>-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene is proposed, with the heating performance being parametrically optimized based on a genetic algorithm. Energy analysis indicates a coefficient of performance improvement of up to 15.7 %, and thus an improvement in heating seasonal performance factor of more than 13.5 % for different cities, compared with traditional configurations. Exergy analysis shows that the low irreversibility of throttling is the main contributing factor to the improvement in energy efficiency. Meanwhile, economic and environmental analyses reveal a payback period of less than 7.5 years and an annual cost reduction of up to 14.5 %, as well as a carbon dioxide emission reduction of over 15.7 %. The sensitivity of operating parameters is analyzed, and other advantages of this concept are discussed as well. The results indicate a safe, efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective air-source heat pump. This study contributes to: 1) providing an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly alternative refrigerant for heat pumps; and 2) promoting the sustainable development of low-carbon energy transformation technology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Multi-Objective optimization framework for Earth-to-Air heat Exchanger Systems: Enhancing thermal performance and economic viability in Moroccan climates","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a multi-objective optimization framework is developed to provide a comprehensive approach to designing efficient and cost-effective Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger systems (EAHE). By integrating sensitivity analysis, design of experiments, genetic algorithms, and multi-criteria decision-making, the framework addresses the complexities of balancing thermal performance and economic viability. Through an experimentally validated model of the exchanger, the study conducts sensitivity analyses to identify key design parameters and uses a fine-tuned genetic algorithm for optimization. The optimization focuses on minimizing the life cycle cost (LCC) and maximizing the cooling potential across three distinct Moroccan climates. Furthermore, multi-criteria decision-making methods were employed to determine an optimal solution from the multi-objective optimization results. Results indicate that the optimal exchanger configurations vary with location, highlighting the importance of site-specific design. For instance, the optimal design selected for Marrakech and Oujda is a pipe of 160 mm of diameter with 49 m of length and buried at 3 m, while for Errachidia it is a 160 mm pipe with 47 m of length and buried at 4 m since the location has a higher gradient of ground temperature. The EAHE gave a cooling potential of 1447 kWh/year, 1172 kWh/year and 1739 kWh/year with a LCC of 4122$, 4091$ and 4073$ over 50 years for Marrakech, Oujda and Errachidia, respectively. The normalized life cycle cost (NLCC) is the lowest for Errachidia (0.234$/kWh), followed by Marrakech (0.285$/kWh) then Oujda (0.349$/kWh).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep reinforcement learning-based energy management strategy for fuel cell buses integrating future road information and cabin comfort control","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Conventional energy management strategy (EMS) for fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) aims to optimize powertrain energy consumption while ignoring the air conditioning regulation, whereby the overall energy efficiency cannot be optimal. To enhance the cabin-powertrain holistic energy utilization without compromising energy storage system degradation and passenger temperature comfort, this paper proposes a novel energy management paradigm. The comprehensive control of cabin comfort and fuel cell/battery durability is achieved by comprehensively utilizing onboard sensors and vehicle-cloud infrastructure. Specifically, the vehicle energy- and thermal-coupled control problem is formulated by considering energy consumption, component ageing, and cabin’s dynamic thermal model. In addition to regular state space in energy management problems, future road information and environmental temperature are innovatively integrated into the energy management framework. A twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm is used to solve the problem to enhance the overall energy efficiency. Simulation results indicate that, compared with rule-based EMSs, the proposed strategy achieves cabin comfort while extending the battery life by at least 3.79 % and reducing the overall vehicle operating cost by at least 2.71 %.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning-based hierarchical cooperative eco-driving with traffic flow prediction for hybrid electric vehicles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2024.119000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The integration of autonomous driving and hybrid electric vehicle technologies presents a promising solution for achieving environmental sustainability. This paper introduces an innovative energy-efficient driving strategy for hybrid electric vehicles that incorporates real-time traffic flow prediction. The study delves into the impact of both lateral and longitudinal vehicle maneuvers on energy consumption within dynamic traffic environments, offering novel insights into optimizing energy utilization. Firstly, a multi-lane traffic flow state rolling predictor is constructed based on the Hankel dynamic mode decomposition algorithm. Subsequently, a vehicle longitudinal and lateral coordinated control strategy is established by integrating the prioritized experience replay double deep Q-network algorithm. Finally, a novel energy management strategy is proposed that leverages Simulink dynamic model and the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm to address the vehicle dynamic decision-making planning results. Within a hierarchical cooperative optimization framework, this research comprehensively considers safety, comfort, traffic efficiency, and fuel economy. By introducing a novel hierarchical collaborative ecological driving framework, we have achieved a substantial improvement in environmental sustainability, with traffic efficiency increasing by 10.27%-14.41% and fuel economy rising by 9.44%-10.47%. Hardware-in-the-loop validation has confirmed the proposed approach’s real-time capabilities and promising practical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142169205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}