Energy Conversion and Management最新文献

{"title":"Feasibility study on electrochemical compressor utilizing water-hydrogen heat pump system","authors":"Youngki Kim ,&nbsp;Chanho Chu ,&nbsp;Taeyoung Beom ,&nbsp;Sihyung Park ,&nbsp;Bonhyo Gu ,&nbsp;Seonyeob Kim ,&nbsp;Sangwon Kim ,&nbsp;Dong Kyu Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat pump systems offer significant potential for achieving high efficiency and have gained attention as an environmentally friendly technology. However, traditional compressors used in heat pumps face issues such as low efficiency, noise, and oil contamination. Electrochemical compressors offer a promising alternative to address these challenges, but research on heat pump systems utilizing electrochemical compressors remains limited. A high-pressure electrochemical compressor is designed, and both experimental and numerical analyses are conducted to analyze the operational characteristics under varying conditions. The results show that increasing power consumption leads to a higher mass flux of refrigerant, driven primarily by electro-osmotic drag. Additionally, increasing the mixing ratio from 24% to 30% results in a threefold increase in mass flux, attributed to enhanced membrane conductivity. Higher operating temperatures also significantly improve mass flux by reducing back diffusion. A performance map is developed to analyze the comprehensive performance characteristics of an electrochemical compressor. The analysis reveals that the efficiency of the compressor exceeds 50% at pressure ratios below 3, with particularly high efficiency observed in regions of low mass flux. These findings demonstrate the potential of electrochemical compressors to be used in heat pump system to improve the overall efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 119832"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the role of thermo-diffusive instabilities in hydrogen combustion for lean-burn spark-ignition engine operation","authors":"R. Novella,&nbsp;J. Gomez-Soriano,&nbsp;D. González-Domínguez,&nbsp;O. Olaciregui","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel numerical approach for modeling hydrogen combustion in lean-burn spark-ignition engines, incorporating thermo-diffusive instabilities (TDI) within a CFD URANS-based framework. The study focuses on identifying potential sources of prediction errors and validating the robustness of the methodology under different operating conditions. The results indicate that the method performs well within moderate dilution ratios, but its accuracy decreases at higher dilution levels (e.g., <span><math><mi>λ</mi></math></span> = 3.4), where predictions become less reliable. Analysis of the turbulent flame regime reveals that the coupling between TDI and turbulence is not adequately reproduced at high dilution ratios, suggesting that certain phenomena are not captured by the model. Including TDI effects significantly improves the model ability to replicate experimental trends, with a substantial increase in predictive accuracy. However, some limitations remain in predicting hydrogen combustion under realistic internal combustion engine (ICE) operating conditions, highlighting the need for further research to refine the model. The results have significant implications for the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly engines, as hydrogen is considered a promising fuel for reducing greenhouse gas and nitrogen oxide emissions in the transportation sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"334 ","pages":"Article 119801"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband wave conversion by a “Pan Flute”-type multi-oscillating-water-column (M−OWC) breakwater system","authors":"Yinong Hu ,&nbsp;Yong Cheng ,&nbsp;Saishuai Dai ,&nbsp;Zhiming Yuan ,&nbsp;Atilla Incecik","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119820","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119820","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Majority of wave energy converters (WEC) have a relatively narrower capture due to their design philosophy, which focus on matching WEC’s natural frequency to a single peak frequency of a seastate spectrum. This paper introduces an innovative “Pan Flute”-type WEC embedded into a breakwater. This design consists multiple oscillating water column (OWC) units, each with a distinguished natural frequency. By strategically tuning these frequencies to span a broader sea-state spectrum rather than merely matching the peak frequency, the system achieves a wider capture bandwidth. An experimentally validated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methodology was adopted to assess the hydrodynamic performance of the proposed design in irregular waves. This new concept possesses different resonant periods of internal water column to reasonably absorb short-, moderate-, and long-period components of irregular waves by facing-wave, central and rear chambers, respectively. Additionally, the multi-chamber design transforms the sloshing motion of water column into the piston-type motion, amplifying the wave elevation inside sub-chambers as well as accelerating the vortex detachment from the chamber-wall end. Consequently, the hydrodynamic efficiency is guaranteed to be higher than 0.5 for all wave periods, and its maximum value achieves 0.82. The wave attenuation is also improved, especially for long-period waves where there is a maximum 47.8% of reduction compared with S-OWC system. The varying-draft M−OWC system adopting separate PTO units is found to be superior to adopt a corporate PTO. It is practically possible to design the optimised number and draft of sub-chambers to obtain a broad harvesting width of wave energy. These findings promote the WEC-breakwater systems to be deployed in extensive sea areas regardless of energy density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119820"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation of CPVT-LFR Fresnel reflector system under real weather conditions","authors":"Taoufik Brahim ,&nbsp;Abdelmajid Jemni","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a numerical investigation of a Concentrating Photovoltaic Thermal Linear Fresnel Reflector (CPVT-LFR) system using air and water as cooling working fluids under real Tunisian weather conditions. A quasi-transient mathematical model was developed to predict temperature distributions across all material layers of the reflector system and evaluate its thermal and electrical performance. A parametric analysis was conducted to optimize solar energy utilization. Results indicate that the air-cooled system achieves an average overall efficiency of 78.67%, which is 58.73% higher than the water-cooled system (32.46%). While the air system exhibits superior thermal performance producing 11.9 times more annual thermal energy than the water system the water system generates 1.37 times more electrical power. Additionally, distinct optimal mass flow rates were identified for maximizing either electrical or thermal efficiency. This study demonstrates the potential of CPVT-LFR systems in enhancing solar energy conversion efficiency and provides insights into designing systems tailored to specific applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119829"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonizing critical mineral resources with storage-integrated renewable energy transition in China","authors":"Mengyao Han ,&nbsp;Pengfa Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driven by ambitious dual-carbon goals, China's renewable energy is growing rapidly, however, the transition faces potential bottlenecks due to the scarcity of critical minerals. Existing assessments largely neglect energy storage integration, risking incomplete strategies for sustainable transitions. To address this gap, China’s ambitious renewable energy targets are supposed to significantly increase mineral demands for energy storage as well. In this context, this study employs the dynamic material flow analysis combined with five shared socioeconomic pathways and eleven technological scenarios to project demand and scarcity for 23 critical minerals in China’s storage-integrated renewable energy transition from 2020 to 2060. The results showed that by 2060, the demands for these critical minerals will increase by 5.8 (solar), 36.6 (wind), and 26.8-fold (storage) relative to 2022, with germanium, tellurium, indium, selenium, and chromium facing absolute scarcity where the cumulative demand exceeds domestic reserves (0.19–6.17-fold). These findings establish a storage-integrated framework for assessing critical mineral constraints, expecting to provide actionable insights for resource allocation and sustainable technology pathways in China accelerating renewable energy adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119785"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Market-oriented operational strategy for biomass-geothermal combined power generation and hydrogen production plant","authors":"Hong Tan ,&nbsp;Jianchuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Sumin Guan ,&nbsp;Yun Tan ,&nbsp;Hanli Weng ,&nbsp;Qiujie Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenxing Li ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass energy and geothermal energy, as two forms of green and clean energy, offer low carbon emissions and abundant resource potential. To achieve hierarchical energy utilization and reduce carbon emissions, this study develops a novel framework for a renewable energy hydrogen production plant by leveraging the thermal coupling characteristics of biomass gasification, biomass-assisted electrolytic hydrogen production, and geothermal power generation. Subsequently, a mathematical model for the system is established. Due to the increase in hydrogen production potentially crowding out power generation resources, a dual-layer optimization operational model for the renewable energy hydrogen production plant in an integrated electricity-hydrogen market environment is further proposed to enhance its profitability. The upper-level model aims to maximize the plant’s profit, while the lower-level model seeks to minimize social costs. The bi-level model is then converted into a Mixed-Integer Second-Order Cone Programming model using methods such as Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions, and simulations are conducted on two systems of different scales for validation. The results show that waste heat utilization increases the revenue of the renewable energy hydrogen production plant by approximately 22 %. Additionally, when the plant participates in both the electricity and hydrogen markets, its revenue increases by about 6.2 %. Biomass-assisted electrolytic hydrogen production reduces electrolytic energy consumption by 1.08–1.58 kWh/m³.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119823"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation into the performance of a water-source carbon dioxide heat pump system integrated with hydrate energy storage","authors":"Yumei Zhang,&nbsp;Guoyuan Ma,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Tiantian Cui,&nbsp;Junrui Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119831","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119831","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of the Kigali Amendment and carbon neutrality, carbon dioxide-based water-source heat pump systems hold significant development potential. To enhance the cooling performance of carbon dioxide-based water source heat pump systems, a novel carbon dioxide-based system with hydrate storage is presented. By leveraging latent heat storage technology, the system aims to achieve peak load shifting and improve the year-round operational energy efficiency of carbon dioxide-based water source heat pump systems. In this study, a small-capacity carbon dioxide-based water source heat pump system test setup with hydrate storage is constructed, and experimental tests on cooling and cold storage performance are carried out. The results demonstrated that the cooling performance of the modified system is approximately 19.4 % higher than that of conventional systems. In addition, the system operates in a non-steady state during the cold storage process due to the participation of carbon dioxide in the hydrate formation, which reduces the flow of carbon dioxide circulating in the system. The system’s average coefficient of performance during the cold storage process is approximately 2.54, with a gas cooler inlet-water temperature of 32 °C. In addition, the predictive correlations of compressor frequency, gas cooler water-inlet temperature, gas cooler water-inlet flow rate, and evaporation temperature on the optimal discharge pressure are fitted. The determination of the predictive correlation lays the foundation for future seasonal operation regulation strategies for carbon dioxide-based water source heat pump systems between transcritical and subcritical cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119831"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of wind speed forecasting using optimized decomposition technique, entropy-based reconstruction, and evolutionary PatchTST","authors":"Changwen Ma ,&nbsp;Chu Zhang ,&nbsp;Junhao Yao ,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahzad Nazir ,&nbsp;Tian Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate wind speed forecasting is critical for ensuring the reliable operation of wind energy systems. This study proposes a hybrid model integrating Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN), Sample Entropy (SE), Crested Porcupine Optimizer (CPO), a GPT-enhanced database tuning system (GPTuner), and a Time Series Patch Transformer (PatchTST) to address this challenge. Firstly, the CPO algorithm is used to optimize the Number of Standard Deviations (Nstd) and the Number of Realizations (NR) in the CEEMDAN, to obtain the decomposed subsequences. Secondly, the Sample Entropy (SE) method is used to reconstruct the data to reduce computational complexity. Finally, a PatchTST model integrated with GPTuner is used to predict the aggregated components after decomposition, and the sum of the predicted values of each component is taken to obtain the final wind speed forecast result. In contrast to 11 alternative models, the RMSE of the model presented in this study has seen a reduction exceeding 15%, indicating a significant enhancement in predictive accuracy attributed to the integration of CPO-CEEMDAN. The parameter optimization of PatchTST by GPTuner is feasible, and it can enhance the predictive performance of PatchTST.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119819"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid reduced-order model of a large-scale generator and power transformer applied in an artificial intelligence-supported power plant control system","authors":"Michal Haida ,&nbsp;Michal Stebel ,&nbsp;Pawel Lasek ,&nbsp;Rafal Fingas ,&nbsp;Roman Krok ,&nbsp;Jakub Bodys ,&nbsp;Michal Palacz ,&nbsp;Jacek Smolka ,&nbsp;Piotr Jachymek ,&nbsp;Wojciech Adamczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To optimize the electricity distribution in an electrical grid and integrate power plants with renewable and heat storage energy systems, with a focus on improving energy efficiency while reducing economic costs and emissions, an artificial intelligence method is applied for power plant control and operation monitoring. The effective use of an artificial intelligence method in a power plant can be achieved by implementing real-time digital twins specifically for the most crucial devices, such as power transformers and electric power generators, whose operation and reliability strongly depend on the energy demands and the temperature distribution. However, the development of a power transformer digital twin is based on a complex numerical model that requires high computational demands and large amounts of data for its enhancement. Furthermore, the real-time behaviour of both devices must be considered. Therefore, the main aim of this work is to introduce a hybrid reduced-order model for a large-scale gas-cooled electric power generator and power transformer as the real-time digital twin for a control system. This hybrid approach integrates data gathered from in-field measurements with developed three-dimensional coupled numerical models that can monitor and predict the hot-spot status of both devices at part load, nominal load and overload conditions under different ambient temperatures. The results confirmed the robustness and accuracy of the hybrid reduced-order model within <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>8.0 K for all output temperatures due to the accurate predictions of the three-dimensional numerical models within <span><math><mo>±</mo></math></span>5.0 K.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119788"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle greenhouse gas implications of low-carbon gaseous fuel supply chains from technological, geospatial, and temporal perspectives","authors":"Sylvanus Lilonfe ,&nbsp;Carlos A Jimenez Cortes ,&nbsp;Madeleine Mitschler ,&nbsp;Victor Gordillo Zavaleta ,&nbsp;Amir F.N. Abdul-Manan ,&nbsp;Ioanna Dimitriou ,&nbsp;Jon McKechnie","doi":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enconman.2025.119803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is consensus that achieving net-zero emissions will require the use of low-carbon hydrogen (H₂) and its derivatives, particularly in the hard-to-abate sectors. This necessitates the development of a global H₂ supply chain, which can be complex given that there are limited experiences worldwide. While H₂ production emissions at the plant gate might be low, the emissions throughout their supply chains are not yet well understood. Here, we summarise key insights drawn from over 10,000 cases, analysing the supply of H₂ from six renewables-rich regions and transporting it via different modes to two European markets, using six different chemical forms, including compressed-H₂ (CH2), liquefied-H₂ (LH2), synthetic natural gas (SNG), methylcyclohexane (MCH), ammonia (NH₃), and methanol (MeOH). We discussed the implications on the overall energy efficiency, product losses throughout the supply chains, and life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from temporal, geospatial, and technological perspectives. The total loss and energy efficiencies of H₂ and SNG throughout the supply chains were estimated to range from 0.8–11.0 %/kg and 1.8–3.6 MJ/MJ of gaseous fuel delivered, respectively. The lifecycle GHG emissions (without embodied emissions) ranged from 5–86 gCO₂e/MJ in 2025, and this could reduce to 2–40 gCO₂e/MJ in 2050, due to changes in technological, design and operational factors. Minimising the impact of fuel/carrier production, H₂/CH₄ losses, fuel and electricity emissions factors by combining centralised and decentralised supply chain approaches could result in a lower GHG estimate. The use of chemical carriers could increase GHG emissions due to the H₂ liberation step at the destination. Even when starting with a low carbon intensity H₂ at the plant gate, the emissions associated with the supply chain can drive the emissions above the EU and UK regulatory limits. This paper further adds to the body of evidence pointing to the need for life cycle assessment-based certification that is asset-specific and supply chain-specific for demonstrating compliance against regulatory limits or H₂ standards globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11664,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Management","volume":"333 ","pages":"Article 119803"},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}