Energy最新文献

{"title":"Unlocking peak shaving: How EV driver heterogeneity shapes V2G potential","authors":"Sujin Yun ,&nbsp;JongRoul Woo ,&nbsp;Kyuil Kwak","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As electric vehicles (EVs) and variable renewable energy sources rapidly expand, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance grid flexibility. However, their effectiveness critically depends on EV drivers’ willingness to participate, which is shaped by behavioral heterogeneity and operational constraints. While previous studies have explored participation preferences, they have largely overlooked time-specific availability and its implications for system-level flexibility. This study addresses this gap by integrating a discrete choice experiment with latent class modeling to analyze both user preferences and the peak shaving potential of V2G. To capture temporal availability more accurately, “weekday connection time” is introduced as a novel contract attribute, enabling realistic estimates of time-specific charging and discharging flexibility. The analysis identifies three distinct driver segments, each characterized by unique preferences for monetary incentives, minimum connection days, charger accessibility, weekday connection frequency, and state-of-charge guarantees. Scenario-based simulations incorporating these heterogeneous profiles indicate that tailored V2G program designs could reduce peak net load by up to 22.9 % by 2030. These findings underscore the importance of differentiated policy instruments and aggregator strategies that reflect user diversity. The study provides a behaviorally grounded framework for designing inclusive and effective V2G programs that contribute to a more flexible and sustainable power system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136773"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two phase fluid-actuator line-immersed boundary coupling for tidal stream turbine modeling with scouring morphology under wave-current loading","authors":"Xu Deng ,&nbsp;Adrian Wing-Keung Law ,&nbsp;Jisheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangfeng Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Consideration of tidal stream turbine (TST) interactions with marine environments and resultant morphological evolution is vital for power and safety maintenance. However, the TST induced morphological evolution with synchronous hydrodynamic characteristics under wave-current loading remains relatively unexplored. A new numerical framework is developed for simulating hydrodynamics around TST upon scouring morphology under wave-current loading. It integrates the two phase fluid model, actuator line method (ALM) for the turbine rotor, and immersed boundary method (IBM) for sediment dynamics and morphodynamics. Particularly, the integration yields the transient morphological evolution induced by the rotor motion. The framework was validated by simulating the wake-flow fields and scour development process around a horizontal-axis TST (HATST) under wave-currents, and the simulated results agreed well with experimental results. Subsequently, the numerical framework was employed to predict the scouring morphology with synchronous hydrodynamics around the HATST under the combined wave-current loading. The results indicate that the rotating turbine rotor intensifies the near-seabed flow around the turbine foundation under wave-currents. This intensified flow enhances the seabed shear stress, resulting in larger scour depth. Particularly, the wave motion enhances the instantaneous seabed shear stress and accelerates the scour development around turbine foundation. Both the turbine rotor and supporting foundation induce the sediment transport under wave-current loading, but the foundation's contribution to the scour depth is substantially larger. Overall, the proposed numerical framework provides a robust tool to analyze TST-induced sediment transport mechanisms under wave-currents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136757"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of driving energy consumption for pure electric buses using dynamic driving style recognition and speed forecasting","authors":"Wei Yuan,&nbsp;Yaxi Han,&nbsp;Yibin Lu,&nbsp;Yali Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Ge,&nbsp;Yingjiu Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accurate prediction of energy consumption for battery electric vehicles (BEVs) is crucial to reduce the anxiety of the drivers and promote the adoption of electric vehicles. Among the various factors, the driving styles and travel speeds are the most significant influencing factors for vehicle energy consumption. This study focuses on pure electric buses and explores the relationship between the driving styles of the drivers, travel speeds, and driving energy consumption from a data mining perspective. This is tailored to meet the needs for energy-efficient driving of these buses. Systematic modeling is then conducted to classify and recognize the driving styles, predict the future vehicle speeds, and predict the vehicle driving energy consumption. A speed-energy consumption prediction method, based on driving style recognition, is proposed. The results obtained by conducted case studies validate the proposed method. They demonstrate that it has high accuracy, it reaches mean square errors of 4.1154 and 0.0756, and coefficient of determination accuracies of 0.7655 and 0.8893. The prediction of driving energy consumption lays a foundation for the targeted establishment of eco-driving strategies for pure electric buses. It also provides bus companies energy-saving driving training for their drivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136785"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Membrane absorption of separating supercritical carbon dioxide and vapor in geothermal energy utilization based on lattice Boltzmann modeling","authors":"Youfei Tang,&nbsp;Zongliang Qiao,&nbsp;Yue Cao,&nbsp;Chengbin Zhang,&nbsp;Fengqi Si","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Supercritical carbon dioxide exhibits potential as a working fluid for electricity generation utilizing geothermal energy, even in the presence of vapor within the reservoir mixture. A membrane absorption separator has been designed to separate the vapor from the mixture and purify the carbon dioxide. To simulate the two-phase flow of the gas mixture and absorption liquid, the multicomponent multiphase lattice Boltzmann method is employed. This method is coupled with the interfacial continuous species transfer model for salt diffusion in liquid water to investigate pore-scale factors influencing vapor absorption. The modeling approach offers detailed insights into the membrane absorption process. Simulation results indicate that strategies to reduce mass transfer resistance, such as increasing porosity, enhancing hydrophobicity, and decreasing membrane thickness, significantly enhance absorption efficiency. Conversely, methods to increase the mass transfer driving force, including elevating the concentration of the absorbing solution, increasing its thickness, and decreasing the gas thickness, provide limited improvements in efficiency compared to the aforementioned strategies. Among the factors examined, membrane porosity emerges as the most significant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136723"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel hybrid ensemble approach for wind speed forecasting with dual-stage decomposition strategy using optimized GRU and transformer models","authors":"Sajid Ullah ,&nbsp;Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Han Han ,&nbsp;Junhao Wu ,&nbsp;Jinghan Dong ,&nbsp;Ruiqing Liu ,&nbsp;Weijie Ding ,&nbsp;Min Liu ,&nbsp;Qingli Li ,&nbsp;Honggang Qi ,&nbsp;Yonggui Huang ,&nbsp;Philip Lh Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wind energy has attracted global interest owing to its sustainable and environmentally friendly characteristics. Nevertheless, precisely forecasting wind speed can be challenging due to its volatile and unpredictable nature. This paper presents a new hybrid forecasting approach based on dual stage decomposition mechanism, namely TMQGDT for wind speed prediction. At first, a decomposition technique called time-varying filtered based empirical mode decomposition (TVFEMD) is utilized to decompose the original wind speed data into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Afterwards, multi-scale permutation entropy (MPE) is used to assess the complexity of each IMF. Based on the entropy values, the IMFs are further classified into high-frequency and low-frequency IMFs. To address the significant volatility observed in the high-frequency IMFs, discrete wavelet transform (DWT) method is employed to perform secondary decomposition. The low-frequency IMFs are forecasted using gated recurrent unit (GRU) model optimized with quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm, while the high-frequency IMFs are forecasted with the Transformer model. The proposed model is trained and validated using four wind speed time series datasets collected from Germany and China. Five individual models and six hybrid models are compared against the proposed model to validate the forecasting performance of the proposed TMQGDT model. The prediction outcomes reveals that the R² of the model is 0.973, 0.968, 0.956, and 0.996 on the four dataset test sets, which has improved by 3.39 %, 3.93 %, 5.53 %, and 0.50 %, respectively, compared to the TVFEMD-MPE-QPSO-GRU-DWT-Autoformer model. The excellent accuracy performance of the TMQGDT model indicates that developing a hybrid model based on deep learning techniques using secondary decomposition mechanism and optimization algorithm can enhance the precision of wind speed prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136739"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining economic feasibility of supply temperature reduction in existing district heating system through thermohydraulic modelling","authors":"Juhani Kotilainen ,&nbsp;Jarmo Hellstedt ,&nbsp;Henrik Tolvanen","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>District heating systems are traditionally designed to operate with fossil fuel energy sources, and the supply temperature levels must be reduced to enable the usage of sustainable low temperature heat sources. In this study, the economic effects of different supply temperature reductions were examined through thermohydraulic modelling. The case study was the district heating system of Kangasala, Finland. The simulations were conducted with existing substation equipment and upgraded substations. The objective was to determine the economic feasibility of a supply temperature reduction by examining the decreased heat losses and the increased pumping energy usage. The generated savings from a reduced supply temperature from 115 °C to 90 °C in the studied system are insignificant, only 0.50 ‰ with existing equipment and 2.37 % with upgraded substations. With existing equipment, the increase in pumping energy use decreases the generated savings, and with the upgraded customer substations the investment costs are not reasonable compared to the savings. The conclusion is that a supply temperature reduction in an outdoor temperature compensated system, like in Kangasala, results in limited savings. A supply temperature reduction needs to be accompanied by a change in the production portfolio to be economically feasible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136781"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical evaluation of thermal performance in an enhanced geothermal system by using impure CO2 as a working fluid","authors":"Bin Xu ,&nbsp;Jianxing Liao ,&nbsp;Yachen Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of impure CO2 as a working fluid in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) has the potential to reduce the cost of CO₂ purification and sequestration. However, the flow behavior and thermal performance of impure CO₂ in high-temperature reservoirs are not well understood, which limits its potential for practical applications. This study investigates the migration behavior of impure CO₂ in reservoirs and its thermal performance at various impurity levels via numerical simulations based on geological models of the Gonghe Basin. The findings revealed that the injection of impure CO₂ changes the compositional distribution of the gas-water phase, causing N₂ and O₂ to accumulate at the reservoir top due to buoyancy while reducing the dissolved CO₂ concentration in the aqueous phase as impurity levels rise. Water displacement drives three heat extraction phases, with durations unaffected by CO₂ purity. With increasing impurity levels, the heat production rate and energy generated slightly increase, whereas the heat extraction efficiency is negatively correlated. Generally, the thermal performance of impure CO₂ is comparable to pure CO₂ but still inferior to water. Unlike that of water, the injection pressure of impure and pure CO₂ gradually decreases with increasing heat production, leading to improved heat extraction efficiency. The injection rate significantly influences heat production, followed by reservoir permeability and injection temperature, the average heat production rate varies by 35.9%, 7.3%, and 1.1%, respectively. To enhance CO₂ sequestration, low injection temperatures, higher injection rates, and lower reservoir permeability are recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136742"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the influence of blade attachments on the hydrodynamic behavior and energy performance of the tubular pump based on GPM and CFD","authors":"Guiying Xu ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Fangfang Shen ,&nbsp;Haoru Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiale Ding ,&nbsp;Yao Yuan ,&nbsp;Zhikang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impellers of coastal tubular pumps have long been submerged in water and are easily attached to various aquatic organisms, which seriously affects the energy consumption and safe functioning of tubular pumps. The flow field and energy performance of the impeller blade surface under various blade attachment area ratios (BAARs) were analyzed based on the multi-dimensional flow field dynamic analysis (MFFDA) method. The results show that changes in the flow rate and BAARs cause fluctuations in the circulation derivative along the relative position of the axial streamline, with the range of the circulation derivative decreasing from −50–80 m² s⁻¹ at 0.6<em>Q</em>_bep to −10–30 m² s⁻¹ at 1.0<em>Q</em>_bep and 1.2<em>Q</em>_bep. As the BAARs gradually increased, the flow pattern became more disordered, and the flow pattern uniformity at the impeller outlet section improved; however, the velocity weighted average angle decreased. Blade attachments lead to a significant increase in the entropy generation rate (EGR) on the blade surface and a decrease in the efficiency of the pump device. As the flow rate and BAARs expand, the range of high EGR zones behind the blade attachments increases, and the EGR rises accordingly, from 2–7 W m⁻² K⁻¹ to more than 7 W m⁻² K⁻¹.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136743"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel framework for significant wave height prediction based on Adaptive Feature Extraction Time-Frequency Network","authors":"Jianxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Lianzi Jiang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Han ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise forecasting of significant wave height (<em>H</em>_<em>s</em>) is essential for the development and utilization of wave energy. The challenges in predicting <em>H</em>_<em>s</em> arise from its non-linear and non-stationary characteristics. The combination of decomposition preprocessing and machine learning models have demonstrated significant effectiveness in <em>H</em>_<em>s</em> prediction by extracting data features. However, decomposing the unknown data in the test set can lead to data leakage issues. To simultaneously achieve data feature extraction and prevent data leakage, a novel Adaptive Feature Extraction Time-Frequency Network (AFE-TFNet) is proposed to improve prediction accuracy and stability. It is encoder-decoder rolling framework. The encoder consists of two stages: feature extraction and feature fusion. In the feature extraction stage, global and local frequency domain features are extracted by combining Wavelet Transform (WT) and Fourier Transform (FT), and multi-scale frequency analysis is performed using Inception blocks. In the feature fusion stage, time-domain and frequency-domain features are integrated through dominant harmonic sequence energy weighting (DHSEW). The decoder employed an advanced long short-term memory (LSTM) model. Hourly measured wind speed (<em>W</em>_<em>s</em>), dominant wave period (<em>DPD</em>), average wave period (<em>APD</em>) and <em>H</em>_<em>s</em> from three stations are used as the dataset, and the four metrics are employed to evaluate the forecasting performance. Results show that AFE-TFNet significantly outperforms benchmark methods in terms of prediction accuracy. Feature extraction can significantly improve the prediction accuracy. DHSEW has substantially increased the accuracy of medium-term to long-term forecasting. The prediction accuracy of AFE-TFNet does not demonstrate significant variability with changes of rolling time window size. Overall, AFE-TFNet shows strong potential for handling complex signal forecasting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136751"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the energy conversion characteristics of a novel distributed array hydraulic PTO system with wave-adaptive capabilities","authors":"Chenglong Li ,&nbsp;Peng Qian ,&nbsp;Dahai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.energy.2025.136689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wave energy is a major source of ocean renewable energy. To harness its potential, this paper presents an articulated multi-body wave energy converter (WEC) equipped with a novel distributed array hydraulic power take-off (PTO) system, tailored to China's sea conditions. The system is designed to efficiently harvest both meager and abundant wave energy resources. A swing cylinder 6-bar mechanism is introduced to convert wave energy into mechanical energy. A comprehensive mechanical-electrical-hydraulic coupling model is developed, integrating the hydraulic system, mechanical linkage, and control components. The analysis evaluates the impact of parameters such as accumulator nitrogen charging pressure, accumulator release pressure, and oil filling quantity on the dynamic characteristics of the system, leading to the optimization of hydraulic system parameters. Energy conversion under both regular and irregular waves is simulated. A test platform is established to experimentally evaluate both the pressure regulation and power generation capabilities of the distributed PTO system. Simulation results closely match experimental data, validating the model and optimization approach. Finally, a prototype sea-trial confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed hydraulic PTO system for articulated multi-body WEC, laying a solid foundation for future scaling and deployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11647,"journal":{"name":"Energy","volume":"329 ","pages":"Article 136689"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}