eNeuro最新文献

{"title":"Deletion of Endocannabinoid Synthesizing Enzyme DAGLα in Pcp2-Positive Cerebellar Purkinje Cells Decreases Depolarization-Induced Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity, Reduces Social Preference, and Heightens Anxiety.","authors":"Gabriella Smith, Kathleen McCoy, Gonzalo Viana Di Prisco, Alexander Kuklish, Emma Grant, Mayil Bhat, Sachin Patel, Ken Mackie, Brady Atwood, Anna Kalinovsky","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0400-24.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0400-24.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling system is robustly expressed in the cerebellum from embryonic developmental stages to adulthood. It plays a key role in regulating cerebellar synaptic plasticity and excitability, suggesting that impaired eCB signaling could lead to deficits in cerebellar adjustments of ongoing behaviors and cerebellar learning. Indeed, human mutations in <i>DAGLα</i> are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we show that selective deletion of the eCB synthesizing enzyme diacylglycerol lipase alpha (Daglα) from mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) alters motor and social behaviors, disrupts short-term synaptic plasticity in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses, and reduces PC activity during social exploration. Our results provide the first evidence for cerebellar-specific eCB regulation of social behaviors and implicate eCB regulation of synaptic plasticity and PC activity as the neural substrates contributing to these deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12308783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Etv5</i> Is Required for Peripheral Nerve Function and the Injury Response.","authors":"Lauren Belfiore, Anjali Balakrishnan, Yohannes Soenjaya, Hussein Ghazale, Alexandra Moffat, Dawn Zinyk, Lakshmy Vasan, Yacine Touahri, Yutaka Amemiya, Tak-Ho Chu, Morgan G Stykel, Arun Seth, Satoshi Okawa, Christine E M Demore, Rajiv Midha, Jeff Biernaskie, Carol Schuurmans","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0410-20.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0410-20.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of Schwann cells, which myelinate axons in the peripheral nervous system, is critically dependent on MEK/ERK signaling. While Ets-domain transcription factors (<i>Etv1</i>, <i>Etv4</i>, <i>Etv5</i>) are downstream effectors of this pathway, only <i>Etv1</i> has been specifically linked to Schwann cell development. Here, we examined the functions of <i>Etv5</i>, which is expressed in Schwann cell precursors, neural crest cells and satellite glia, at embryonic stages and at low levels in mature Schwann cells. In hypomorphic <i>Etv5^tm1Kmm</i> homozygous mutant mice, no overt defects in Schwann cell differentiation were observed at embryonic stages. To study the function of <i>Etv5</i> in juvenile (postnatal days 21-30) and mature adult (6 month) mice, we generated <i>Etv5</i> conditional knock-outs (cKOs) using a <i>Sox10-Cre</i> driver. In juvenile male <i>Etv5</i>-cKO mice, Schwann cell numbers increased normally after a peripheral nerve crush injury, a response that was attenuated by 6 months. Transmission electron microscopy of the naive sciatic nerve revealed a decline in axonal diameter and perturbed myelination in <i>Etv5</i>-cKO male and female mice. The innervated gastrocnemius muscle declined in area and volume in <i>Etv5</i>-cKO mice of both sexes, suggesting nerve structural abnormalities cause muscle atrophy. However, control and <i>Etv5</i>-cKO male and female mice performed similarly in motor behavior tests after a crush injury. Thus, <i>Etv5</i> is not essential for Schwann cell differentiation, but <i>Etv5</i> plays a crucial role in the age-dependent regulation of Schwann cell function, including nerve repair and the maintenance of axonal integrity in mature peripheral nerves.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upright Posture: A Singular Condition Stabilizing Sensorimotor Coordination.","authors":"Simon Vandergooten, Laurent Opsomer, Jean-Louis Thonnard, Joseph McIntyre, Philippe Lefèvre","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0120-25.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0120-25.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has long been hypothesized that the nervous system uses the direction of gravity to align the various sensory systems when interacting with the external world. In line with this hypothesis, systematic drift in hand-path orientation was recently observed during targeted arm motions performed with eyes closed in weightlessness or, on Earth, for longitudinal movements in a supine posture. No such drift was observed in upright posture on Earth. But the precise conditions under which participants exhibit such drift, and the factors that influence the magnitude of the drift, are not yet known. The objective of our study was to investigate if the upright posture, by virtue of being at a biomechanical singularity induced by the force of gravity, represents a unique condition in which drift in hand-path orientation is prevented. Human participants (male and female) performed sequences of repeated point-to-point arm movements between two visual targets aligned with the longitudinal body axis, first with eyes open, then with eyes closed. Participants performed these movements in various body orientations: seated upright, and tilted backward at 45, 90, and 135°. We observed drift in hand-path orientation in the eyes-closed condition when the body was tilted, but not when it was upright. The directions and rates of drift were indistinguishable between the three tilted orientations tested (45, 90, and 135°). These findings support the hypothesis that the upright posture is a unique configuration that facilitates sensorimotor transformations and prevents drift in path orientation when the eyes are closed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Subpopulation of Prepositus Hypoglossi Nucleus Neurons Projecting to the Cerebellar Anterior Vermis and Hemisphere in Rats.","authors":"Taketoshi Sugimura, Kazuya Masuda, Yasuhiko Saito","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0130-25.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0130-25.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prepositus hypoglossi nucleus (PHN), involved in horizontal gaze control, contributes to this function via cooperation with the vestibulocerebellum (VC). Furthermore, some PHN neurons have been observed to project to cerebellar regions outside the VC. We previously reported a neuronal population in the ventral caudal PHN that projects to lobules III-V of the anterior vermis or to the cerebellar hemispheric crus. Because the properties of these neurons have not been clarified, this study aimed to determine their localization, projections, and electrophysiological and morphological characteristics in male rats. Tracing experiments revealed that these neurons were clustered within the ventral caudal PHN, approximately between the bregma -12.72 and -12.00 mm, and did not project to the uvula/nodulus (UN), which is part of the VC. Whole-cell recordings and morphological experiments revealed that these PHN neurons exhibited high input capacitance, low input resistance, low-frequency firing, prominent voltage sag, and a multipolar shape. These results indicate that a cluster of neurons in the ventral caudal PHN projecting to lobules III-V of the anterior vermis and hemispheric crus share distinct electrophysiological and morphological properties. Furthermore, these PHN neurons are likely to constitute a distinct subpopulation from PHN neurons projecting to the VC in terms of their projection targets. While previous research has focused on PHN projections to the VC and their role in ocular motor control, this study suggests that this subpopulation may be involved in other motor functions, as the cerebellar anterior vermis and hemisphere are known to contribute to broader motor control.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CalTrig: A GUI-Based Machine Learning Approach for Decoding Neuronal Calcium Transients in Freely Moving Rodents.","authors":"Michal A Lange, Yingying Chen, Haoying Fu, Amith Korada, Changyong Guo, Yao-Ying Ma","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0009-25.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0009-25.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in in vivo Ca²⁺ imaging using miniature microscopes have enabled researchers to study single-neuron activity in freely moving animals. Tools such as Minian and CalmAn have been developed to convert Ca²⁺ visual signals to numerical data, collectively referred to as CalV2N. However, substantial challenges remain in analyzing the large datasets generated by CalV2N, particularly in integrating data streams, evaluating CalV2N output quality, and reliably and efficiently identifying Ca²⁺ transients. In this study, we introduce CalTrig, an open-source graphical user interface (GUI) tool designed to address these challenges at the post-CalV2N stage of data processing collected from C57BL/6J mice. CalTrig integrates multiple data streams, including Ca²⁺ imaging, neuronal footprints, Ca²⁺ traces, and behavioral tracking, and offers capabilities for evaluating the quality of CalV2N outputs. It enables synchronized visualization and efficient Ca²⁺ transient identification. We evaluated four machine learning models (i.e., GRU, LSTM, Transformer, and Local Transformer) for Ca²⁺ transient detection. Our results indicate that the GRU model offers the highest predictability and computational efficiency, achieving stable performance across training sessions, different animals, and even among different brain regions. The integration of manual, parameter-based, and machine learning-based detection methods in CalTrig provides flexibility and accuracy for various research applications. The user-friendly interface and low computing demands of CalTrig make it accessible to neuroscientists without programming expertise. We further conclude that CalTrig enables deeper exploration of brain function, supports hypothesis generation about neuronal mechanisms, and opens new avenues for understanding neurological disorders and developing treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12263099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144552616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DeepEthoProfile-Rapid Behavior Recognition in Long-Term Recorded Home-Cage Mice.","authors":"Andrei Istudor, Alexej Schatz, York Winter","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0369-24.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0369-24.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal behavior is crucial for understanding both normal brain function and dysfunction. To facilitate behavior analysis of mice within their home environments, we developed DeepEthoProfile, an open-source software powered by a deep convolutional neural network for efficient behavior classification. DeepEthoProfile requires no spatial cues for either training or processing and is designed to perform reliably under real laboratory conditions, tolerating variations in lighting and cage bedding. For data collection, we introduce EthoProfiler, a mobile cage rack system capable of simultaneously recording up to 10 singly housed mice. We used 36 h of manually annotated video data sampled in 5 min clips from a 48 h video database of 10 mice. This published dataset provides a reference that can facilitate further research. DeepEthoProfile achieved an overall classification accuracy of over 83%, comparable with human-level accuracy. The model also performed on par with other state-of-the-art solutions on another published dataset ( Jhuang et al., 2010). Designed for long-term experiments, DeepEthoProfile is highly efficient-capable of annotating nearly 2,000 frames per second and can be customized for various research needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12265860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and Molecular Distinctions of Parallel Processing Streams Reveal Two Koniocellular Pathways in the Tree Shrew DLGN.","authors":"Francesca Sciaccotta, Arda Kipcak, Alev Erisir","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0522-24.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0522-24.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the mammalian visual system, three functionally distinct parallel processing streams extend from the retina to the visual thalamus and then to the visual cortex: magnocellular (M), parvocellular (P), and koniocellular (K). Tree shrews (<i>Tupaia belangeri</i>), a preprimate species, provide an advantageous model to study the K pathway in isolation because, while M and P pathways remain mixed in Lamina 1 (L1), L2, L4, and L5 of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), L3 and L6 receive strictly K-input from the contralateral eye. Additionally, K-input laminae selectively receive glutamatergic axons from the superior colliculus. To reveal how cellular and synaptic properties of K geniculate laminae may differ from M/P laminae and how tectal input may shape the K relay to the cortex, we studied the morphology and connectivity of retinal and tectal terminals in pathway-specific laminae. While confirming that K laminae relay cells contain calbindin, we also found its expression in GABAergic cells across all laminae. No cell-type or lamina specificity was observed for parvalbumin. Ultrastructurally, retinal terminals are morphologically distinct in M/P versus K laminae. Tectogeniculate axons in L3 and L6 resemble retinal terminals in their morphology and synaptic targets, while corticogeniculate terminals are sparse in L6. VGluT2, the molecular marker for large-sized driver terminals, is expressed prominently in one of the three tectal cell types that project to LGN. Morphological differences in synaptic circuitry between L3 and L6 provide further evidence that two geniculate K laminae are differentially innervated to relay distinct sets of information to the cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12256647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144474254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Connectome Correlates of Laterality Preferences: Insights into Hand, Foot, and Eye Dominance across the Lifespan.","authors":"Link Tejavibulya, Corey Horien, Carolyn Fredericks, Bronte Ficek, Margaret L Westwater, Dustin Scheinost","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0580-24.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0580-24.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Humans exhibit laterality preferences, with handedness being the most extensively studied. Accordingly, brain-handedness associations are well documented. However, laterality preferences extend beyond handedness to include other limbs, such as footedness and eyedness. Despite these distinctions, brain-footedness and brain-eyedness associations using resting-state functional connectomes remain largely unexplored. We utilize two large datasets, the Human Connectome Project-Development (HCP-D) and Human Connectome Project-Aging (HCP-A), to study the associations between sidedness (i.e., handedness, footedness, and eyedness) and whole-brain functional connectomes. While hand and foot preferences were correlated significantly, they explained <40% of the variance, suggesting some distinctions between measures. For both cohorts, significant associations between handedness connectivity were observed [<i>p</i> < 0.05, network-based statistics (NBS) corrected]. Notable patterns include increased connectivity for left-handedness in the posterior temporal areas and right-handedness in cerebellar regions. In contrast, significant associations between footedness and handedness connectivity were observed only in the HCP-A (<i>p</i> < 0.05, NBS corrected) and not the HCP-D. No significant associations between eyedness and connectivity were observed for either group. Finally, we compared the effect size between brain-handedness and brain-footedness associations. A greater difference was found in the HCP-D. The two cohorts primarily differed in edge distribution in the prefrontal lobe, temporal lobe, and cerebellum. Overall, in adults, brain-handedness and brain-footedness associations were similar. However, in children to adolescents, brain-handedness and brain-footedness associations diverge, suggesting a developmental shift. Characterizing sidedness associations with whole-brain connectomes may provide important insights into understanding the motor and visual systems, rehabilitation and occupational therapy, and benchmarking normative variations in the connectome.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformed Visual Working Memory Representations in Human Occipitotemporal and Posterior Parietal Cortices.","authors":"Yaoda Xu","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0162-25.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0162-25.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent fMRI studies reported transformed representations between perception and visual working memory (VWM) in the human early visual cortex (EVC). This is inconsistent with the still widely cited original proposal of the sensory account of VWM, which argues for a shared perception-VWM representation based on successful cross-decoding of the two representations. Although cross-decoding was usually lower than within-VWM decoding and consistent with transformed VWM representations, this has been attributed to experimental differences between perceptual and VWM tasks: once they are equated, the same representation is expected to exist in both. Including human participants of both sexes, this study compared target and distractor representations during the same VWM delay period for the same objects, thereby equating experimental differences. Even with strong VWM representations present throughout the occipitotemporal cortex (OTC, including EVC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC), fMRI cross-decoding revealed significant representational differences between distractors (perception) and targets (VWM) in both regions. Similar differences existed between target encoding (perception) and delay (VWM), being greater in OTC than PPC, indicating more invariant target representations in PPC than OTC. As only part of the sensory input is usually task-relevant, sustaining sensory input in VWM without selection/refinement/consolidation is both taxing and unnecessary. Transformed representations, mediated by task goals and associative areas coding task-relevant information (e.g., PPC), can easily account for these and other recent findings. A task-driven transformed account of VWM thus better captures the nature of VWM representation in the human brain (including EVC) than the sensory representations originally proposed by the sensory account of VWM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotions in the Brain Are Dynamic and Contextually Dependent: Using Music to Measure Affective Transitions.","authors":"Matthew E Sachs, Mariusz S Kozak, Kevin N Ochsner, Christopher Baldassano","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0184-24.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0184-24.2025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our ability to shift from one emotion to the next allows us to adapt our behaviors to a constantly changing and often uncertain environment. Although previous studies have identified cortical and subcortical regions involved in affective responding, none have shown how these regions track and represent transitions between different emotional states, nor how such responses are modulated based on the recent emotional context. To study this, we commissioned new musical pieces designed to systematically move participants (<i>N</i> = 39, 20 males and 19 females) through different emotional states during fMRI and to manipulate the emotional context in which different participants heard a musical motif. Using a combination of data-driven (hidden Markov modeling) and hypothesis-driven methods, we confirmed that spatiotemporal patterns of activation along the temporoparietal axis reflect transitions between music-evoked emotions. We found that the spatial and temporal signatures of these neural response patterns, as well as self-reported emotion ratings, were sensitive to the emotional context in which the music was heard. In particular, brain-state transitions associated with emotional changes occurred earlier in time when the preceding affective state was of a similar valence to the current affective state. The findings argue that emotional changes are an essential signal by which the temporoparietal lobe segments our continuous experiences, and further clarify its role in linking changes in external auditory signals with our dynamic and contextually dependent emotional responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}