IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-30 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0417-24.2024

Brenton T Laing, Megan S Anderson, Aishwarya Jayan, Anika S Park, Lydia J Erbaugh, Oscar Solis, Danielle J Wilson, Michael Michaelides, Yeka Aponte

{"title":"Repetitive Grooming Behavior Following Aversive Stimulus Coincides with a Decrease in Anterior Hypothalamic Area Activity.","authors":"Brenton T Laing, Megan S Anderson, Aishwarya Jayan, Anika S Park, Lydia J Erbaugh, Oscar Solis, Danielle J Wilson, Michael Michaelides, Yeka Aponte","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0417-24.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0417-24.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) is a key brain region for orchestrating defensive behaviors. Using in vivo calcium imaging in mice, we observed that AHA neuronal activity increases during footshock delivery and footshock-associated auditory cues. We found that following shock-induced increases in AHA activity, a decrease in activity coincides with the onset of grooming behavior. Next, we optogenetically activated the projections from the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) to the AHA and observed that photoactivation of the VMH→AHA pathway drives avoidance. Interestingly, repetitive grooming behavior occurs following cessation of stimulation. To identify changes in brain-wide activity patterns that occur due to optogenetic VMH→AHA stimulation, we combined optogenetic stimulation with positron emission tomography (PET)-based metabolic mapping. This approach revealed the amygdala as a downstream area activated by the stimulation of this pathway. Our findings show that the rise and fall of AHA neuronal activity triggers repetitive grooming behavior following learned fear and optogenetic stimulation. In addition, activation of the VMH→AHA pathway triggers changes in the activity patterns of downstream brain regions that are reported to be associated with displacement grooming.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143002246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Failed Stopping Transiently Suppresses the Electromyogram in Task-Irrelevant Muscles. 短暂停止失败会抑制与任务无关肌肉的肌电图。

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0166-24.2025

Isaiah Mills, Mitchell Fisher, Corey George Wadsley, Ian Greenhouse

{"title":"Failed Stopping Transiently Suppresses the Electromyogram in Task-Irrelevant Muscles.","authors":"Isaiah Mills, Mitchell Fisher, Corey George Wadsley, Ian Greenhouse","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0166-24.2025","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0166-24.2025","url":null,"abstract":"Selectively stopping individual parts of planned or ongoing movements is an everyday motor skill. For example, while walking in public, you may stop yourself from waving at a stranger who you mistook for a friend while continuing to walk. Despite its ubiquity, our ability to selectively stop actions is limited. Canceling one action can delay the execution of other simultaneous actions. This stopping-interference effect on continuing actions during selective stopping may be attributed to a global inhibitory mechanism with widespread effects on the motor system. Previous studies have characterized a transient global reduction in corticomotor excitability by combining brain stimulation with electromyography (EMG). Here, we examined whether global motor inhibition during selective stopping can be measured peripherally and with high temporal resolution using EMG alone. Eighteen participants performed a bimanual anticipatory response inhibition task with their index fingers while maintaining a tonic contraction of the task-irrelevant abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles. A time series analysis of the ADM EMG signal revealed transient inhibition during failed stopping compared with go response trials 150 to 203 ms following the stop signal. The pattern was observed in both hands during bimanual stop-all trials as well as selective stop-left and stop-right trials of either hand. These results indicate that tonic muscle activity is sensitive to the effects of global motor suppression even when stopping fails. Therefore, EMG can provide a physiological marker of global motor inhibition to probe the time course and extent of stopping processes.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Open-Source 3D-Printable Platform for Testing Head-Fixed Cognitive Flexibility in Rodents.

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0364-24.2024

Mark H Cristino, Alexander C Mitchell, Maya Preibisz-Kamat, Peyton Shea Fletcher, Timothy J Spellman

引用次数: 0

Dorsomedial Striatum (DMS) CB1R Signaling Promotes Pavlovian Devaluation Sensitivity in Male Long Evans Rats and Reduces DMS Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Both Sexes. 背内侧纹状体CB1R信号促进雄性Long Evans大鼠的巴甫洛夫贬值敏感性，并减少DMS抑制性突触传递。

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0341-24.2024

Catherine A Stapf, Sara E Keefer, Jessica M McInerney, Joseph F Cheer, Donna J Calu

{"title":"Dorsomedial Striatum (DMS) CB1R Signaling Promotes Pavlovian Devaluation Sensitivity in Male Long Evans Rats and Reduces DMS Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Both Sexes.","authors":"Catherine A Stapf, Sara E Keefer, Jessica M McInerney, Joseph F Cheer, Donna J Calu","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0341-24.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0341-24.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) signaling in the dorsal striatum regulates the shift from flexible to habitual behavior in instrumental outcome devaluation. Based on prior work establishing individual-, sex-, and experience-dependent differences in pavlovian behaviors, we predicted a role for dorsomedial striatum (DMS) CB1R signaling in driving rigid responding in pavlovian autoshaping and outcome devaluation. We trained male and female Long Evans rats in pavlovian lever autoshaping (PLA). We gave intra-DMS infusions of the CB1R inverse agonist, rimonabant, before satiety-induced outcome devaluation test sessions, where we sated rats on training pellets or home cage chow and tested them in brief nonreinforced PLA sessions. Overall, inhibition of DMS CB1R signaling prevented pavlovian outcome devaluation but did not affect behavior in reinforced PLA sessions. Males were sensitive to devaluation while females were not, and DMS CB1R blockade impaired devaluation sensitivity in males. Because these results suggest DMS CB1R signaling supports flexible responding, we investigated how DMS CB1R signaling impacts local inhibitory synaptic transmission in male and female Long Evans rats. We recorded spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSC) from DMS neurons at baseline and after application of a CB1R agonist, WIN 55,212-2. We found that male rats showed decreased sIPSC frequency compared with females and that CB1R activation reduced DMS inhibitory transmission independent of sex. Altogether our results demonstrate that DMS CB1Rs regulate pavlovian devaluation sensitivity and DMS inhibitory synaptic transmission and suggest that basal sex differences in inhibitory synaptic transmission may underly sex differences in DMS function and behavioral flexibility.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11779511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-Validating the Electrophysiological Markers of Early Face Categorization. 交叉验证早期面部分类的电生理标记。

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0317-24.2024

Fazilet Zeynep Yildirim-Keles, Lisa Stacchi, Roberto Caldara

{"title":"Cross-Validating the Electrophysiological Markers of Early Face Categorization.","authors":"Fazilet Zeynep Yildirim-Keles, Lisa Stacchi, Roberto Caldara","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0317-24.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0317-24.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Human face categorization has been extensively studied using event-related potentials (ERPs), positing the N170 ERP component as a robust neural marker of face categorization. Recently, the fast periodic visual stimulation (FPVS) approach relying on steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) has also been used to investigate face categorization. FPVS studies consistently report strong bilateral SSVEP face categorization responses over the occipitotemporal cortex, with a right hemispheric dominance, closely mirroring the N170 scalp topography. However, it remains unclear whether SSVEP responses can be considered a proxy for the N170 or are driven by different components. To address this question, we recorded electrophysiological signals from observers viewing face and object images during FPVS and ERP paradigms. We quantified the FPVS response in the frequency domain and extracted ERP components, including the P1, N170, and P2, from both the FPVS time domain and ERP paradigms. Our results revealed little relationship between any single ERP component and the FPVS frequency response. Only the peak-to-peak differences between N170 and P2 components consistently explained the FPVS frequency response. Our data show that the FPVS frequency response reflects a later complex neural integration rather than any isolated ERP component, such as the N170. These findings raise important methodological and theoretical considerations regarding the relationship between SSVEPs and transient ERPs. While both markers are indicative of human face categorization, they appear to capture different stages of this cognitive process.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142983071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heterogeneity in Category Recognition across the Visual Field. 跨视野类别识别的异质性。

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0331-24.2024

Farideh Shakerian, Roxana Kushki, Maryam Vaziri Pashkam, Mohammad-Reza A Dehaqani, Hossein Esteky

{"title":"Heterogeneity in Category Recognition across the Visual Field.","authors":"Farideh Shakerian, Roxana Kushki, Maryam Vaziri Pashkam, Mohammad-Reza A Dehaqani, Hossein Esteky","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0331-24.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0331-24.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Visual information emerging from the extrafoveal locations is important for visual search, saccadic eye movement control, and spatial attention allocation. Our everyday sensory experience with visual object categories varies across different parts of the visual field which may result in location-contingent variations in visual object recognition. We used a body, animal body, and chair two-forced choice object category recognition task to investigate this possibility. Animal body and chair images with various levels of visual ambiguity were presented at the fovea and different extrafoveal locations across the vertical and horizontal meridians. We found heterogeneous body and chair category recognition across the visual field. Specifically, while the recognition performance of the body and chair presented at the fovea were similar, it varied across different extrafoveal locations. The largest difference was observed when the body and chair images were presented at the lower-left and upper-right visual fields, respectively. The lower/upper visual field bias of the body/chair recognition was particularly observed in low/high stimulus visual signals. Finally, when subjects' performances were adjusted for a potential location-contingent decision bias in category recognition by subtracting the category detection in full noise condition, location-dependent category recognition was observed only for the body category. These results suggest heterogeneous body recognition bias across the visual field potentially due to more frequent exposure of the lower visual field to body stimuli.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strength of Low-Frequency EEG Phase Entrainment to External Stimuli Is Associated with Fluctuations in the Brain's Internal State. 低频脑电图相位对外界刺激的夹带强度与大脑内部状态的波动有关。

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0064-24.2024

Verónica Mäki-Marttunen, Alexandra Velinov, Sander Nieuwenhuis

{"title":"Strength of Low-Frequency EEG Phase Entrainment to External Stimuli Is Associated with Fluctuations in the Brain's Internal State.","authors":"Verónica Mäki-Marttunen, Alexandra Velinov, Sander Nieuwenhuis","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0064-24.2024","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0064-24.2024","url":null,"abstract":"The brain attends to environmental rhythms by aligning the phase of internal oscillations. However, the factors underlying fluctuations in the strength of this phase entrainment remain largely unknown. In the present study, we examined whether the strength of low-frequency electroencephalography (EEG) phase entrainment to rhythmic stimulus sequences varied with the pupil size and posterior alpha-band power, thought to reflect the arousal level and excitability of posterior cortical brain areas, respectively. We recorded the pupil size and scalp EEG while participants carried out an intermodal selective attention task, in which they were instructed to attend to a rhythmic sequence of visual or auditory stimuli and ignore the other perceptual modality. As expected, intertrial phase coherence (ITC), a measure of entrainment strength, was larger for the task-relevant than for the task-irrelevant modality. Across the experiment, the pupil size and posterior alpha power were strongly linked with each other. Interestingly, ITC tracked both variables: larger pupil size was associated with a selective increase in entrainment to the task-relevant stimulus sequence, whereas larger posterior alpha power was associated with a decrease in phase entrainment to both the task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimulus sequences. Exploratory analyses showed that a temporal relation between ITC and posterior alpha power emerged in the time periods around pupil maxima and pupil minima. These results indicate that endogenous sources contribute distinctly to the fluctuations of EEG phase entrainment.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum: Chakravarty et al., "Transient Response of Basal Ganglia Network in Healthy and Low-Dopamine State".

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-23 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0572-24.2024

引用次数: 0

Erratum: McDevitt et al., "The Paraventricular Thalamic Nucleus and Its Projections in Regulating Reward and Context Associations".

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-23 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0570-24.2024

引用次数: 0

Erratum: Ye et al., "Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Posterior Parietal Cortex Increases Nontarget Retrieval during Visual Working Memory".

IF 2.7 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2025-01-23 Print Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0569-24.2024

引用次数: 0

eNeuro最新文献