IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-08-10 Print Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0356-25.2026

Koshi Murata, Yuki Ikedo, Takashi Ryoke, Kazuki Shiotani, Hiroyuki Manabe, Kazuki Kuroda, Hitoshi Yoshimura, Yugo Fukazawa

{"title":"A Subtype of Ultrasonic Vocalizations during Palatable Food Consumption in Rats Identified by Machine Learning-Assisted Classification.","authors":"Koshi Murata, Yuki Ikedo, Takashi Ryoke, Kazuki Shiotani, Hiroyuki Manabe, Kazuki Kuroda, Hitoshi Yoshimura, Yugo Fukazawa","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0356-25.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0356-25.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying behavioral and physiological responses to rewarding stimuli is essential for understanding positive emotional states in animals and for investigating their neural basis. Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in rats are modulated by various behavioral contexts and are thought to represent affective-like states. However, their diversity during palatable food consumption remains underexplored. In this study, we investigated acoustic features of USVs in male rats consuming chocolate, a highly palatable food. Using a machine learning-assisted logistic regression model trained on spectrogram features, we identified a distinct USV subtype-the 40 kHz inverted-U type-that was selectively emitted during chocolate consumption. The emission of this subtype was tightly time-locked to chocolate-feeding behavior. Systemic administration of naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, significantly reduced the emission of the 40 kHz inverted-U USVs during chocolate intake. Direct comparison with standard food pellet consumption revealed that 40 kHz flat USVs occurred at comparable levels across both conditions, whereas 40 kHz inverted-U USVs were significantly more frequent during chocolate consumption. These findings suggest that these USVs may reflect internal states associated with palatable feeding and are under modulation by the endogenous opioid system. Moreover, our data demonstrate the utility of machine learning for high-throughput, objective classification of USV subtypes. This framework provides a promising approach for decoding emotion-related vocal expressions in rats and highlights the potential of specific USVs as behavioral readouts for studying the neurobiology of positive emotions.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GluN2A Enables Noradrenergic Control of Prefrontal Oscillations and Cognitive Flexibility. GluN2A使去甲肾上腺素能控制前额叶振荡和认知灵活性。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-08-07 Print Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0050-26.2026

Hassan Hosseini, Sky Evans-Martin, Emma Bogomilsky, Kevin S Jones

{"title":"GluN2A Enables Noradrenergic Control of Prefrontal Oscillations and Cognitive Flexibility.","authors":"Hassan Hosseini, Sky Evans-Martin, Emma Bogomilsky, Kevin S Jones","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0050-26.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0050-26.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive flexibility-the ability to adapt behavior when contingencies change-is impaired in psychiatric disorders involving prefrontal dysfunction. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) relies on noradrenergic input from the locus ceruleus (LC), yet the molecular mechanisms enabling this neuromodulatory control remain unclear. Here we show that GluN2A-containing NMDA receptors are required for LC-mPFC regulation of network dynamics and reversal learning in male mice. Optogenetic activation of LC→mPFC projections enhanced reversal learning in wild-type (WT) and heterozygous mice but not in global Grin2a knock-outs, whereas LC inhibition impaired performance only in WT animals. In slices, norepinephrine (NE) and LC stimulation induced gamma and high-frequency oscillations in WT mPFC that were blocked by α2-adrenergic antagonism, but these oscillatory responses were undetectable in Grin2a mutants. Grin2a mutants also exhibited increased LC axonal density and elevated NE transporter expression in the prelimbic cortex, consistent with enhanced noradrenergic clearance capacity. Together, these findings identify GluN2A as a key determinant of LC-prefrontal circuit function supporting cognitive flexibility. They suggest that functional deficits in these mutants should be interpreted within the context of compensatory structural hyperinnervation resulting from global GluN2A deficiency, which may reflect a developmental adaptation rather than acute signaling loss. Furthermore, these results promote α2-adrenergic pathways as potential entry points for restoring prefrontal network coordination.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148583813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reconstruction of Imagined Melody with Relative Pitch Decoding in Electrocorticography. 皮质电图中相对音高解码对想象旋律的重建。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-08-07 Print Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0289-25.2026

Jii Kwon, Youmin Shin, June Sic Kim, Eunju Jeong, Sung-Phil Kim, Eun Jung Lee, Chun Kee Chung

{"title":"Reconstruction of Imagined Melody with Relative Pitch Decoding in Electrocorticography.","authors":"Jii Kwon, Youmin Shin, June Sic Kim, Eunju Jeong, Sung-Phil Kim, Eun Jung Lee, Chun Kee Chung","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0289-25.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0289-25.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Music imagery involves internally generated auditory experiences, yet decoding imagined melodic content from neural activity remains challenging. Here, we examined whether imagined melodies can be decoded from human electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings using a relative pitch framework. Ten epilepsy patients performed a music imagery task involving familiar melodies presented in multiple tonalities (3 males and 7 females; mean age, 27.3 ± 4.69 years). Neural features from imagery-responsive cortical sites were used to train intrasubject models to decode relative pitch classes at the single-note level. Although single-note decoding accuracy was modest, it reliably exceeded chance. Sequential integration of decoded pitch classes enabled reconstruction of melodic contours that preserved the relative structure of imagined melodies. These results provide a proof-of-concept that imagined melodic structure can be accessed from intracranial neural recordings when framed in terms of relative pitch, underscoring the importance of sequence-level approaches for decoding internally generated auditory content.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13456956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148668589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small RNA Barcodes for Sensitive Labeling of AAV Transcripts. 小RNA条形码用于AAV转录物的敏感标记。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-08-06 Print Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0034-26.2026

Yessenia Magaña, Shanshan Wang, Albertina Torreblanca-Zanca, Lai Wei, Michael J Castle

{"title":"Small RNA Barcodes for Sensitive Labeling of AAV Transcripts.","authors":"Yessenia Magaña, Shanshan Wang, Albertina Torreblanca-Zanca, Lai Wei, Michael J Castle","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0034-26.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0034-26.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are widely used for neuroscience research. Labeling AAV mRNA by in situ hybridization can track AAV transduction with high sensitivity and without the need for reporter genes. However, it is challenging to detect similar mRNA transcripts when multiple AAVs are injected into the same animal, or when a single AAV produces multiple distinct transcripts. To address these challenges, we developed methods for sensitive labeling of small barcodes on AAV mRNA at single-transcript resolution. These small RNA barcodes (ranging from 40 to 44 bases) can be easily added to any AAV vector genome. We provide detailed step-by-step protocols for sensitive and flexible labeling of barcoded AAV mRNA by BaseScope in situ hybridization. We validated these labeling methods in male and female mice and in a female rhesus macaque. RNA barcoding can improve the reliability of multiplexed in vivo screening: by adding one barcode to half of the AAVs in a pooled library and a second barcode to the other half, barcode labeling can identify cells that receive multiple AAVs without the need for reporter proteins. This approach is also useful for intersectional experiments that combine multiple AAV vectors: multiple unique barcodes can track the spatial distribution of each AAV and can separately label transcripts from different AAV genome conformations, such as before or after Cre-Lox recombination. These new methods for sensitive multiplexed labeling of AAV mRNA will support greater rigor and reliability in neuroscience research.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13446960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148583821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

I Can't Hear You Both at the Same Time: A Temporal Dilemma During Inter-Regional Communication. 我不能同时听到你们的声音：跨区域交流中的时间困境。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-08-04 Print Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0012-26.2026

Salil Bhat, Sanne Ten Oever

{"title":"I Can't Hear You Both at the Same Time: A Temporal Dilemma During Inter-Regional Communication.","authors":"Salil Bhat, Sanne Ten Oever","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0012-26.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0012-26.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive functioning depends on the brain's ability to process sensory information and simultaneously integrate contextual feedback from higher-order regions like the prefrontal cortex (PFC). This requires the sensory cortex (SC) to handle both processes simultaneously. Some phase-coupled oscillator models propose that the scaffolding of neuronal communication occurs via oscillatory coupling of low-frequency oscillations. However, it is often neglected that processing this bidirectional input poses serious temporal constraints on the system. Specifically, is it possible for SC to be coupled to PFC, while at the same time being coupled to the sensory input? In this article, we describe the temporal constraints required to simultaneously process feedforward and feedback information through oscillatory coupling. We adopt a dynamical systems perspective to suggest mechanisms by which phase-coupled oscillator models can achieve optimal temporal dynamics for neural communication while accounting for these temporal constraints. Although initially counterintuitive, our proposed framework indicates that any viable solution of bidirectional phase-based coupling inherently relies on the feedforward scaffolding of neuronal communication. The mechanisms proposed here may generalize to other situations in which brain areas need to cope with bidirectional feedforward and feedback interactions while maintaining phase coupling.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":"13 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13555238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148701014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reorganization of Burst Initiation Zones as a Signature of Stimulation-Induced Plasticity in In Vitro Cortical Networks. 在体外皮层网络中，突发起始区重组作为刺激诱导可塑性的标志。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-08-03 Print Date: 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0457-25.2026

Mikel Ocio-Moliner, Anna-Christina Haeb, Akke Mats Houben, Daniel Tornero, Jordi Soriano

{"title":"Reorganization of Burst Initiation Zones as a Signature of Stimulation-Induced Plasticity in In Vitro Cortical Networks.","authors":"Mikel Ocio-Moliner, Anna-Christina Haeb, Akke Mats Houben, Daniel Tornero, Jordi Soriano","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0457-25.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0457-25.2026","url":null,"abstract":"The spontaneous activity of neuronal cultures is dominated by periods of coherent activity known as network bursts The dynamics of the initiation and propagation of these bursts are believed to depend on the structural connectivity of the neuronal network. Specifically, the spatial loci of burst initiation, referred to as initiation zones (IZs), are shaped by a complex interplay between dynamics and connectivity, with the particular structure of the latter playing a crucial role. Thus, alterations in network structure, such as those following from plasticity mechanisms activated by perturbations, are expected to lead to changes in network burst dynamics. To shed light on this point, we investigated the effect of localized electrical stimulation on the initiation of network bursts in in vitro cortical networks from embryonic rats of either sex cultured on high-density microelectrode arrays, and observed that electrical stimulation significantly altered the spatial patterning of IZs. To explore the mechanisms underlying these alterations, we assessed changes in effective connectivity (EC) using transfer entropy. Although both IZs and EC exhibited similar remodeling following stimulation, EC alone could not fully account for the observed IZ shifts. Moreover, IZ remodeling was largely unpredictable and independent of the stimulation site, suggesting that the observed changes were due to large-scale remodeling of connectivity structure, likely involving local potentiation/depotentiation and homeostatic mechanisms. Our findings provide evidence that electrical stimulation can remodel burst initiation and effective connectivity, although achieving precise local control appears unattainable.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13433133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute Hypoxia Induces Transient Olfactory Dysfunction through Olfactory Epithelial Degeneration and Bulbar Mitochondrial Stress in Zebrafish. 急性缺氧通过斑马鱼嗅上皮变性和球粒线粒体应激诱导短暂性嗅觉功能障碍。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-07-30 Print Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0119-26.2026

Skylar L DeWitt-Batt, Kate E DeMann, Cameron J Houck, Cassidy L Larson, Luke A Horsburgh, Evan A Thomas, Liz Sanchez, Erika Calvo-Ochoa

{"title":"Acute Hypoxia Induces Transient Olfactory Dysfunction through Olfactory Epithelial Degeneration and Bulbar Mitochondrial Stress in Zebrafish.","authors":"Skylar L DeWitt-Batt, Kate E DeMann, Cameron J Houck, Cassidy L Larson, Luke A Horsburgh, Evan A Thomas, Liz Sanchez, Erika Calvo-Ochoa","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0119-26.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0119-26.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Hypoxic-ischemic injury is a major cause of olfactory dysfunction, yet the cellular and morphological mechanisms underlying this sensory loss remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the structural, cellular, and functional effects of acute hypoxic exposure on the olfactory system of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) of both sexes, a model organism with remarkable neuroregenerative capacity. Fish were subjected to 15 min of acute severe hypoxia (0.8 mg/L DO) and assessed at 1 and 5 d posthypoxia. We evaluated olfactory function by means of cadaverine-evoked aversive behavioral assays. Structural and morphological integrity and inflammation of the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB) were characterized using immunohistochemistry, histological stainings, and a 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride colorimetric assay. Acute hypoxic exposure impaired olfactory-mediated behaviors without affecting locomotion or exploratory behavior. In the peripheral OE, hypoxia caused neurodegeneration, disruption of the nasal mucus layer, and robust leukocytic infiltration. We observed reduced mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity in the OB along with reactive astrogliosis. Olfactory function recovered by 5 d, coinciding with full restoration of OE morphology, which was supported by a strong proliferative response. These findings reveal a coordinated degenerative and regenerative response to hypoxia across the olfactory axis, with implications for understanding hypoxia-induced sensory loss and neural repair.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148445121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Altered glr-1 Expression after EtOH Withdrawal Is Linked to Associative Behavior Deficits in C. elegans. EtOH戒断后glr-1表达的改变与秀丽隐杆线虫的联想行为缺陷有关。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-07-30 Print Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0430-25.2026

Katie Brandel-Ankrapp, Rachel N Arey

{"title":"Altered glr-1 Expression after EtOH Withdrawal Is Linked to Associative Behavior Deficits in C. elegans.","authors":"Katie Brandel-Ankrapp, Rachel N Arey","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0430-25.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0430-25.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic ethanol (EtOH) exposure and withdrawal are linked to worsened memory and cognitive outcomes. One target of EtOH is the glutamatergic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR). Both EtOH exposure and withdrawal influences AMPAR expression, function, and broad glutamate signaling. Previous work suggests that EtOH regulation of AMPARs drives behaviors related to dependence and memory phenotypes. However, due to the complexity of the mammalian brain, it is difficult to unravel the precise mechanism by which EtOH regulates AMPARs in mammals to modify specific memory behaviors. In Caenorhabditis elegans, GLR-1, an AMPAR ortholog, has tightly defined expression in relatively few neurons, conserved regulatory mechanisms, and is linked to molecularly conserved associative behaviors including those disrupted by EtOH. Using an established paradigm that exposes worms to chronic EtOH and cessation (\"withdrawal\"), we examined the relationship between EtOH withdrawal, associative memory, and GLR-1/AMPAR regulation. We found that withdrawal from chronic EtOH disrupts intermediate-term associative memory (ITM) in wild-type worms, phenocopying loss of GLR-1 function. ITM is rescued by EtOH reintroduction, suggesting a \"withdrawal-like\" phenotype. Losing GLR-1 occludes the ITM deficit and EtOH-ceased wild-type phenocopy glr-1 loss-of-function in other glr-1-regulated behaviors. Withdrawal broadly alters GLR-1 expression, downregulates glr-1, and increases CREB-mediated transcriptional activity in neurons in a JNK kinase-dependent manner. Loss of JNK and downstream transcription factor CREB prevent these EtOH withdrawal phenotypes. Overall, we have identified a transcriptional regulatory cascade driven by JNK-CREB signaling that may help neurons adapt glr-1 signaling in response to continuous EtOH exposure and abrupt withdrawal, leading to behavior deficits.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous Recordings of Neuronal Activities, Pup Calls, and Maternal Behaviors in Lactating Mice. 同时记录哺乳小鼠的神经元活动、幼崽叫声和母性行为。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-07-29 Print Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0040-25.2026

Yueling Zang, Jiechang Tang, Xia Wang, Shanshan Liang, Xiaowei Chen, Huanhuan Wang

{"title":"Simultaneous Recordings of Neuronal Activities, Pup Calls, and Maternal Behaviors in Lactating Mice.","authors":"Yueling Zang, Jiechang Tang, Xia Wang, Shanshan Liang, Xiaowei Chen, Huanhuan Wang","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0040-25.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0040-25.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal behaviors are crucial for the survival and well-being of mammalian offspring. While previous studies have implicated both subcortical and cortical areas, including the auditory cortex (AuCx), in the regulation of maternal behaviors, the real-time dynamics of AuCx neuronal activity in response to pup calls during maternal behavior remain unclear. Here, we developed an integrated system that enables simultaneous recording of neural activity, pup calls, and maternal behaviors in freely behaving lactating female mice. Using this system, we observed reliable activity in AuCx neurons specifically during the pup contact phase of retrieval, but not during other maternal behaviors (grooming, crouching, nest building). Pup calls alone elicited no significant population response in AuCx, as measured by fiber photometry. Furthermore, this activity during pup contact showed a lack of association with the number of pup calls. This study provides an efficient tool for studying neural activity and behavioral dynamics in freely behaving animals, offering opportunities to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying maternal behaviors.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148469669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Phenomenon of Inner Speaking-Induced Suppression. 探讨内在言语诱导抑制现象的机制。

IF 2.6 3区医学

eNeuro Pub Date : 2026-07-29 Print Date: 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0047-26.2026

Thomas J Whitford, Marianthe Godwin, Damien J Mannion, Lawrence Kin-Hei Chung, Kevin M Spencer, Yoji Hirano, Oren Griffiths, Wadim Vodovozov, Anthony W F Harris, Mike E Le Pelley, Bradley N Jack

{"title":"Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Phenomenon of Inner Speaking-Induced Suppression.","authors":"Thomas J Whitford, Marianthe Godwin, Damien J Mannion, Lawrence Kin-Hei Chung, Kevin M Spencer, Yoji Hirano, Oren Griffiths, Wadim Vodovozov, Anthony W F Harris, Mike E Le Pelley, Bradley N Jack","doi":"10.1523/ENEURO.0047-26.2026","DOIUrl":"10.1523/ENEURO.0047-26.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Speaking-induced suppression (SIS) refers to the phenomenon that the sounds produced through self-generated speech elicit less EEG activity in the auditory cortex than externally produced sounds. An analogous phenomenon demonstrates that the activity elicited by an audible syllable is suppressed when it co-occurs with a content-matching syllable produced in inner speech. We have argued that this \"inner SIS\" effect is likely underpinned by corollary discharges, similar to those assumed to underlie SIS. However, an alternative possibility is that \"inner SIS\" reflects a priming effect, wherein the increased subjective expectation of hearing a certain sound causes a reduction in evoked activity. The current study tested this alternative hypothesis using an expectancy-only version of the task in which participants (N = 70, 45 female and 25 male) did not produce inner speech. On each trial, a syllable appeared on-screen (/ba/, /bi/, or /fo/) and was followed by an audible syllable (/ba/ or /bi/). The on-screen syllable either matched (Primed condition) or mismatched (Misprimed condition) the content of the audible syllable. In the Control condition, the on-screen syllable never occurred as the audible syllable. Contrary to previous studies in which participants produced inner speech, there were no significant between-condition differences in N1 amplitude, P2 amplitude, prestimulus activity, or gamma-band power elicited by the audible syllable. Bayesian analysis indicated a meaningful difference between these findings and prior results from the inner-speech task. The present data indicate that a simple cue-based priming manipulation, in the absence of inner speech, is insufficient to reproduce previously reported inner SIS effects.","PeriodicalId":11617,"journal":{"name":"eNeuro","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13431270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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