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UAV-Radar-Based Through-Wall Human Activity Recognition via Frequency-Selective STFT-ResNet 基于频率选择性STFT-ResNet的无人机雷达穿墙人体活动识别
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70513
Chenghao Wang, Juan Chen, Yuemeng Yin, Xing Cheng, Dandan Cheng
{"title":"UAV-Radar-Based Through-Wall Human Activity Recognition via Frequency-Selective STFT-ResNet","authors":"Chenghao Wang,&nbsp;Juan Chen,&nbsp;Yuemeng Yin,&nbsp;Xing Cheng,&nbsp;Dandan Cheng","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70513","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This letter proposes a robust human activity recognition approach for through-wall sensing in high-rise buildings using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-mounted radar. The raw radar echoes are first processed through clutter suppression, coherent accumulation, and region-of-interest extraction, after which time–frequency spectrograms are generated via the Short-Time Fourier Transform. To enhance spectral quality, a ResNet18-based frequency selection module is employed to eliminate noisy or invalid subcarriers. The refined spectrograms are subsequently classified using another ResNet18 network. Experiments conducted through a 24 cm brick wall yield a recognition accuracy of 98.08% on the test set for three common activities, namely standing, squatting, and lying prone.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146216872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discrimination Between Car Trunk and Child Motion Using Time-Domain Kurtosis and Skewness Features for In-Vehicle Child Presence Detection 基于时域峰度和偏度特征的车内儿童存在检测
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70529
Wenxuan He, Lin Sun
{"title":"Discrimination Between Car Trunk and Child Motion Using Time-Domain Kurtosis and Skewness Features for In-Vehicle Child Presence Detection","authors":"Wenxuan He,&nbsp;Lin Sun","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70529","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While developing child-presence detection with ultra-wideband radar, we observed that trunk-lid motion can mimic in-cabin child activity and cause false alarms. We address this issue with a lightweight, purely time-domain detector that operates on sliding-window skewness and kurtosis of the radar amplitude stream. Trunk operations give rise to extended, low-variation plateaus in these statistics, whereas child motion remains non-stationary, so that a simple rule based on synchronized stable runs can separate the two classes without learning-based models. The detector is implemented in a streaming fashion using incremental updates, leading to constant per-sample complexity, fixed decision latency and modest memory usage suitable for embedded electronic control units. We evaluate the method on data collected in real in-vehicle environments with diverse trunk operations and child activities, and the results show that the proposed criterion reliably suppresses trunk-induced false alarms without introducing misclassifications. Because it uses only distributional time-domain features from a single multi-channel ultra-wideband radar, the approach is privacy-preserving and readily integrable into existing child-presence detection pipelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70529","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146256331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Highly Optically Transparent Metamaterials Absorber With Ultrawideband Absorption and Enhanced Shielding Performance 具有超宽带吸收和增强屏蔽性能的高光学透明超材料吸收体
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70541
Suyang Liu
{"title":"Highly Optically Transparent Metamaterials Absorber With Ultrawideband Absorption and Enhanced Shielding Performance","authors":"Suyang Liu","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70541","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Achieving simultaneous optical transparency, ultrawideband microwave absorption and high-level electromagnetic shielding in a single architecture presents a fundamental challenge. We introduce a systematic design philosophy that transcends the conventional layered approach to transparent metamaterial absorbers. By strategically integrating a patterned indium tin oxide layer for absorption and a low-resistance metal mesh for shielding, the proposed structure achieves an ultrawide absorption band from 4.7 to 16.8 GHz with over 90% absorption, while maintaining an average optical transmittance above 80%. Crucially, it delivers exceptional shielding effectiveness greater than 48 dB across the entire working band. Experimental results validate the design, underscoring its potential for applications in transparent electronics, stealth windows and integrated systems where visual clarity and robust electromagnetic protection are paramount.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70541","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146223966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fast Gradient-Based Algorithm for Doppler-Tolerant Radar Waveform Design 基于梯度的多普勒容限雷达波形快速设计算法
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70540
Jiahui Cao, Jinping Sun, Guohua Wang, Yuxi Zhang, Wenguang Wang, Jun Wang
{"title":"Fast Gradient-Based Algorithm for Doppler-Tolerant Radar Waveform Design","authors":"Jiahui Cao,&nbsp;Jinping Sun,&nbsp;Guohua Wang,&nbsp;Yuxi Zhang,&nbsp;Wenguang Wang,&nbsp;Jun Wang","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70540","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This letter presents an efficient algorithm for designing Doppler-tolerant radar waveforms with superior computational efficiency. The proposed method jointly minimizes the peak sidelobe level (PSL) and mainlobe loss level (MLL) under Doppler shifts by introducing a dynamic weighting strategy that adaptively balances these competing objectives. To address the resulting non-convex optimization problem, log-sumexp smoothing combined with automatic differentiation is employed, enabling efficient gradient-based optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves 1 dB lower PSL than the state-of-the-art maximum block improvement (MBI) method with comparable MLL, while being up to 8 times faster computationally. Moreover, the algorithm scales efficiently to longer code lengths, making it particularly suitable for practical radar applications requiring adaptive waveform design.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70540","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146216784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficient Evaluation of Bistatic Scattering Cross Section via the Subdomain Method and Surface Equivalence Principle 基于子域法和表面等效原理的双基地散射截面的有效估算
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-08 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70543
SangKyu Kim
{"title":"Efficient Evaluation of Bistatic Scattering Cross Section via the Subdomain Method and Surface Equivalence Principle","authors":"SangKyu Kim","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70543","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents an efficient and accurate method to compute the bistatic scattering cross section of conductive wedges using the subdomain method. By introducing equivalent surface currents via the surface equivalence principle and applying Jacobi–Anger series to the plane-wave phase factor, the proposed method reduces computational cost while maintaining high precision as demonstrated by numerical experiments. This method provides a practical framework for bistatic scattering analysis in complex geometries.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70543","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146216736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of Shifted Magnetic Poles and Skewed Stator Slots on the Synchronous Reactance, Damper Bar Loss, and No-Load Waveforms of Tubular Hydrogenerators 磁极移位和定子槽偏斜对管式水轮发电机同步电抗、阻尼杆损耗和空载波形的影响
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70534
Wen-han Li, Zhi-ting Zhou, Chuan Liao, Bin Chen, Zhen-nan Fan
{"title":"Effects of Shifted Magnetic Poles and Skewed Stator Slots on the Synchronous Reactance, Damper Bar Loss, and No-Load Waveforms of Tubular Hydrogenerators","authors":"Wen-han Li,&nbsp;Zhi-ting Zhou,&nbsp;Chuan Liao,&nbsp;Bin Chen,&nbsp;Zhen-nan Fan","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70534","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Taking a large-scale 34-MW integer-slot tubular hydrogenerator as a case study, this paper establishes and solves static and transient field models to investigate the effects of two key geometric features – skewed stator slots and shifted magnetic poles – on synchronous reactance, damper bar losses, and no-load voltage waveforms. The computational accuracy of the model is validated using measured data. The results provide direct guidance for improving the design and manufacturing quality of tubular hydrogenerators.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146216216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Integrated Self-Resonating Microwave Source With Concurrent Dual-Band and Polarisation Reconfigurability 具有同步双频和极化可重构性的集成自谐振微波源
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70535
Manman Cui, Huai-Tian Zhou, Jun-Hao Lai
{"title":"Integrated Self-Resonating Microwave Source With Concurrent Dual-Band and Polarisation Reconfigurability","authors":"Manman Cui,&nbsp;Huai-Tian Zhou,&nbsp;Jun-Hao Lai","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70535","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This letter presents a compact integrated self-resonating microwave source capable of simultaneous dual-band operation and polarisation reconfiguration. The design integrates a modified dual-polarised patch antenna with a reconfigurable pulse-triggered network. This reconfigurable pulse-triggered network charges the antenna to a high DC potential and then triggers the accumulated charges to oscillate, therefore directly converting DC energy into concurrent dual-band RF pulses. Moreover, the reconfigurable nature of the pulse-triggered network enables dynamic switching between two orthogonal linear polarisation states (e.g., 0° and 90°). Both simulations and experiments validate the microwave source's capability to generate concurrent dual-band pulses while dynamically reconfiguring its polarisation state.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146216215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Low-Complexity DOA Estimation: Combining VSSLMS With FFT Spectrum Estimation 低复杂度DOA估计：结合VSSLMS与FFT频谱估计
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70532
Lei Sun, Ding Ding, Songbai Zhang, Xiao Dai, Chaoyang Xu
{"title":"Low-Complexity DOA Estimation: Combining VSSLMS With FFT Spectrum Estimation","authors":"Lei Sun,&nbsp;Ding Ding,&nbsp;Songbai Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao Dai,&nbsp;Chaoyang Xu","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70532","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms, such as multiple signal classification(MUSIC) and variable step size least mean square (VSSLMS), often encounter significant challenges due to their high computational complexity, which arises from the large sample sizes required for spatial spectrum estimation (SSE). In this letter, we propose a low-complexity DOA estimation method. Initially, coarse estimates of the DOA are obtained using fast fourier transform (FFT), which are then refined within a localized region. Compared with existing SSE-based algorithms, the proposed method reduces computational complexity by substituting the dominant term <i>O</i>(<i>ML</i>) with <i>O</i>(<i>M</i> log <i>L</i>), while simultaneously improving DOA estimation accuracy. Simulation results validate the efficacy of our method.This study employs a low-complexity spectrum estimation method that ensures high accuracy while maintaining low complexity, making it suitable for hardware implementation and practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-04
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148065213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimization of Low-Sidelobe Beam Broadening for Spaceborne Large-Scale Phased Arrays Based on Subarray-Adaptive Improved JADE Algorithm 基于子阵自适应改进JADE算法的星载大规模相控阵低旁瓣波束展宽优化
IF 0.8 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70539
Xiangyu Gan, Chao Zhang, Guang Liang, Siyue Sun, Hongming Hu, Geming Han
{"title":"Optimization of Low-Sidelobe Beam Broadening for Spaceborne Large-Scale Phased Arrays Based on Subarray-Adaptive Improved JADE Algorithm","authors":"Xiangyu Gan,&nbsp;Chao Zhang,&nbsp;Guang Liang,&nbsp;Siyue Sun,&nbsp;Hongming Hu,&nbsp;Geming Han","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70539","DOIUrl":"10.1049/ell2.70539","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This letter proposes an improved scheme for low-sidelobe beam broadening of spaceborne large-scale phased arrays, addressing the efficiency and performance limitations of typical algorithms in synergistically achieving controllable beamwidth, low sidelobe suppression and high solution robustness. By integrating a dynamic subarray partitioning mechanism into crossover and mutation operations and optimizing the fitness function with a robustness constraint term, the scheme enhances optimization capability. Comparative experiments under varied beam pointing directions confirm the scheme's effectiveness: the SA-JADE algorithm stably meets beam broadening targets with excellent sidelobe suppression and solution robustness, offering reliable technical support for spaceborne phased array applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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