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Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Filters Based on Self-Packaged Frequency-Dependent Coupling Structure 基于自封装频率相关耦合结构的基板集成波导滤波器
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70229
Sen Sen Ma, Shuang Chen, Chun Feng Fan, Qing Liu, Yan Zhang, Qing Feng Zhang, Ke Gong
{"title":"Substrate-Integrated Waveguide Filters Based on Self-Packaged Frequency-Dependent Coupling Structure","authors":"Sen Sen Ma,&nbsp;Shuang Chen,&nbsp;Chun Feng Fan,&nbsp;Qing Liu,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Qing Feng Zhang,&nbsp;Ke Gong","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70229","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Highly selective substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filters based on a novel self-packaged frequency-dependent coupling (SPFDC) structure is presented in this letter, which is composed of a coupling window and an embedded stripline with a metallized blind hole. The proposed SPFDC exhibits controllable slopes of the coupling coefficients, positions of the transmission zeros and coupling strength. To demonstrate the proposed SPFDC, an inline fourth-order SIW filter based on three SPFDCs and a cross-coupling quadruplet SIW filter based on one SPFDC have been designed, fabricated and measured. Highly selective responses with three finite transmission zeros are realized.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accurate and Efficient Angle-Linear Calculation for Three-Phase Inductive Angle Sensors 三相电感式角度传感器精确高效的角度线性计算
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70232
Jun Yang, Dezhi Wang
{"title":"Accurate and Efficient Angle-Linear Calculation for Three-Phase Inductive Angle Sensors","authors":"Jun Yang,&nbsp;Dezhi Wang","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70232","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An accurate and efficient angle-linear calculation is proposed for three-phase inductive angle-linear. Envelope differences of induced signals on three two-phase receiving coils are demodulated for angle calculation, in order to remove the third harmonic. A circuit architecture is proposed for accurate and efficient angle-linear calculation in which an algorithm is proposed for adaptively outputting envelope differences at a larger slope and then fitting the outputs of envelope differences to straight lines. The proposed method is realized and verified in a 180-nm commplementary metal oxide semiconductor process. Except for efficient angle-linear calculation, the third harmonic and the nonlinearity are improved from -30.9 dB to -92.4 dB and from ±14.8% to ±1.5%, compared with envelopes-based angle-linear calculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Radio Frequency-Retentive Network for Automatic Modulation Classification 用于自动调制分类的射频保持网络
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70203
Jia Han, Zhiyong Yu, Jian Yang
{"title":"Radio Frequency-Retentive Network for Automatic Modulation Classification","authors":"Jia Han,&nbsp;Zhiyong Yu,&nbsp;Jian Yang","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As a common classification task in noncooperative communication scenarios, automatic modulation classification (AMC) is mainly used to quickly demodulate signals and is often deployed in different hardware architectures. In this paper, a radio frequency-retentive network (RF-ReNet) model is proposed to improve the retentive network architecture, which can convert between the parallel and serial modes and can conduct training or inference on different hardware architectures. The experimental results show that the classification accuracy of the proposed RF-ReNet is not greatly reduced, and its spatiotemporal complexity is lower than that of the existing deep models.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hybrid Beamforming With Double Phase Shifters in Millimetre Wave Dual-Functional Radar-Communication Systems 毫米波双功能雷达通信系统中双移相器混合波束形成
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70213
Guilu Wu, Xiangshuo Zhao, Haoyu Liu, Xianpeng Wang
{"title":"Hybrid Beamforming With Double Phase Shifters in Millimetre Wave Dual-Functional Radar-Communication Systems","authors":"Guilu Wu,&nbsp;Xiangshuo Zhao,&nbsp;Haoyu Liu,&nbsp;Xianpeng Wang","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this letter, we propose a joint communication and sensing scheme in millimetre wave (mmWave) dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) system. The hybrid beamforming communication and massive multiple-input multiple-output radar sensing technologies is adopted in the DFRC system. Given the optimal communication beamformer and the desired radar beampattern, we design the hybrid beamformer under non-convex double phase shifter structures and power constraints. The weighted summation of the communication and radar beamforming errors is minimised. To solve the non-convex optimisation problem, an efficient penalty dual decomposition method is presented to solve the problem based on alternating optimisation. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves a favourable performance trade-off between communication and sensing.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Compressed Sensing-Based Off-Grid 2-D DOA Estimation for Sparse L-Shaped Array and Gain/Phase Uncertainties 基于压缩传感的稀疏 L 形阵列和增益/相位不确定性的离网 2-D DOA 估算
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70221
Di Yao, Xiaochuan Wu, Qiushi Chen
{"title":"Compressed Sensing-Based Off-Grid 2-D DOA Estimation for Sparse L-Shaped Array and Gain/Phase Uncertainties","authors":"Di Yao,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Wu,&nbsp;Qiushi Chen","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70221","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this letter, we propose a novel algorithm for sparse L-shaped array that addresses gain/phase uncertainties and off-grid direction of arrival estimation using compressed sensing theory. Firstly, the receiving signal of the sparse array is structured into an errors in variables model. Then, a novel algorithm termed Improved Orthogonal Matching Pursuit-Total Least Squares (IOMP-TLS) is proposed for off-grid signal reconstruction and gain/phase uncertainties estimation based on an enhanced greedy algorithm. Finally, the simulations show that our proposed algorithm is superior to many other methods in estimation performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Novel Grid-Connected Control Technique for Grid-Configured Inverters Combining Sliding Mode Control and Predictive Control 结合滑模控制和预测控制的新型并网逆变器控制技术
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70223
Xuhong Yang, Jingjian Wang
{"title":"A Novel Grid-Connected Control Technique for Grid-Configured Inverters Combining Sliding Mode Control and Predictive Control","authors":"Xuhong Yang,&nbsp;Jingjian Wang","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70223","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to reduce the impact of distributed grid integration on the grid and improve the stability of the grid, a combined sliding mode-prediction control strategy for grid-configuring inverters is proposed. Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control, as a typical grid-configuration technique, inevitably brings stability problems while providing inertia and damping support for the grid. Therefore, this method designs a modified sliding mode control in the outer loop of the VSG to adaptively adjust the inertia and damping, and introduces a model prediction control in the inner loop to control the output current reference value to follow the grid frequency. A simulation model is built on MATLAB/Simulink and compared with other two control methods, and the simulation results show that the strategy can be used to improve the inertia and stability of the grid with good damping performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Decision Vector-Based Energy Management of ESS and RDG in a Distribution System to Increase Energy Resilience 基于决策向量的配电系统ESS和RDG能量管理提高能源弹性
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70218
Masoud Alilou, Javad Morsali
{"title":"Decision Vector-Based Energy Management of ESS and RDG in a Distribution System to Increase Energy Resilience","authors":"Masoud Alilou,&nbsp;Javad Morsali","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70218","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective energy management of the energy storage system (ESS) in conjunction with renewable distributed generation (RDG) units can enhance the resilience of the energy system. In this paper, a new approach utilising decision vectors is introduced for the energy management of devices. The aim of this work is to maximise the profitability of the distribution system by optimal operation of the ESS. In the suggested approach, the initial step involves the introduction of distinct decision vectors for the charging and discharging of ESS, which are determined by the market price, local RDG and demand conditions. Subsequently, the analytical hierarchy process is employed to establish the relative priorities of the decision criteria and to compute the final decision vectors. Finally, the operational schedule for the ESS is determined considering final decision vectors and the operational constraints. The numerical results present the high performance of the proposed method in improving the profitability of the system in different scenarios by optimally managing ESS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70218","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simulation and Analysis of Time-Harmonic Electromagnetic Field Through Metal Casing 穿越金属外壳的时谐电磁场仿真与分析
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70201
Bing Gao, Shuai Fu, Kai Zhao, Decheng Hong, Shouwen Yang
{"title":"Simulation and Analysis of Time-Harmonic Electromagnetic Field Through Metal Casing","authors":"Bing Gao,&nbsp;Shuai Fu,&nbsp;Kai Zhao,&nbsp;Decheng Hong,&nbsp;Shouwen Yang","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70201","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we present a stable analytical method to simulate the electromagnetic (EM) field through the casing. The expression of the EM field consists of the modified Bessel and Hankel functions that avoid the overflow problem in numerical integration. The numerical filter coefficient method of the fast cosine transform is adopted for the integral, which effectively improves the calculation speed on the premise of ensuring the calculation accuracy. As the foundation of the transient electromagnetic (TEM) logging method, we analyse the casing effect on the EM field with various transmitting frequencies. Numerical results show that the EM field over MHz will significantly decay through the casing.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar Autofocus for Back Projection Imaging of a Moving Target 运动目标反投影成像的多静态合成孔径雷达自动对焦
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70217
Anmol Rattan, Daniel Andre, Mark Finnis
{"title":"Multistatic Synthetic Aperture Radar Autofocus for Back Projection Imaging of a Moving Target","authors":"Anmol Rattan,&nbsp;Daniel Andre,&nbsp;Mark Finnis","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70217","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) plays a vital role in the surveillance of terrestrial and maritime targets, which are commonly in motion. As such, the ability to perform accurate real-time focusing and localisation on moving targets, particularly those moving with complex motion, is desired. Many existing autofocus algorithms struggle to achieve this and rely on sub-aperture processing of SAR data to estimate and compensate for phase errors attributed to unknown target motion. This paper presents a new metric-based autofocus approach, called Localised Threshold Sharpness (LTS), which employs multistatic SAR data to localise and focus a target moving with up to six degrees of freedom motion on a real-time, pulse-by-pulse basis. The algorithm is verified with experimental data, and its performance is compared against the performance of an existing measure of image sharpness suitable for pulse-by-pulse autofocusing, namely the intensity-squared metric, with varying levels of added noise. Normalised cross-correlation results demonstrate a resemblance of at least 80% between Multistatic SAR images focused via LTS autofocus and Multistatic SAR images ideally focused using target motion knowledge for signal-to-noise ratios above 3 dB.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robust Beam Tracking for 3D Manoeuvrable UAV in DFRC Systems 三维机动无人机DFRC系统的鲁棒波束跟踪
IF 0.7 4区 工程技术
Electronics Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1049/ell2.70211
Yuhang Tang, Wei Liu, Jinkun Zhu, Jing Lei, Haoying Mo
{"title":"Robust Beam Tracking for 3D Manoeuvrable UAV in DFRC Systems","authors":"Yuhang Tang,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Jinkun Zhu,&nbsp;Jing Lei,&nbsp;Haoying Mo","doi":"10.1049/ell2.70211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ell2.70211","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dual-functional radar-communication (DFRC) will be a key technology in future sixth-generation (6G) network. Specifically, an integrated radar and communication platform (IRCP) equipped with full-dimensional antenna arrays can execute 3D beamforming, which can effectively minimize interference for communicating with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). However, a significant challenge in fully exploiting 3D beamforming gain is the IRCP's ability to precisely track manoeuvrable UAVs. In this letter, we propose a novel interacting multiple model with enhanced unscented Kalman filter algorithm to realize 3D beam tracking for one manoeuvrable UAV within the framework of DFRC. To be specific, we build multiple state transition models to adopt the manoeuvrability of the UAV. Meanwhile, the stability of the unscented Kalman filter is improved by using the singular value decomposition. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has higher tracking accuracy and better transmission performance for one manoeuvrable UAV than the traditional single-motion model based beam tracking algorithm.</p>","PeriodicalId":11556,"journal":{"name":"Electronics Letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/ell2.70211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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