{"title":"Sandy desertification in the Belt and Road Initiative drylands during 2000–2020: Assessment under the Land Degradation Neutrality framework","authors":"Zhijia Zheng , Yue Dong , Hao Zhan , Jinsongdi Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113571","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113571","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sandy desertification currently poses a severe environmental challenge, hindering the socio-economic development of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) drylands. However, due to incomplete evaluation systems and unclear driving mechanisms, research on sandy desertification in the BRI drylands remains limited. To address this issue, this study followed the Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) framework and constructed a new index, called sandy desertification assessment index (SDAI). Based on SDAI, this study assessed the status, evolution, and driving mechanisms of sandy desertification during 2000–2020. The findings are as follows: (1) The year 2006 was identified as the turning point for light and moderate sandy desertification land, whereafter the areas of light sandy desertification increased while the areas of moderate sandy desertification decreased. (2) The transformation patterns of sandy desertification levels were similar in two decades (i.e., 2000–2010 and 2010–2020), with slight differences in conversion areas. (3) The changing trends exhibit regional variability. Notably, reversal was predominantly observed in China, Mongolia, and India, whereas intensification was concentrated in Central Asia. (4) Various factors exerted differing influences on sandy desertification, with annual cumulative precipitation, human footprint, and gross domestic product (GDP) being particularly significant. This study will provide crucial guidance for formulating prevention and control strategies in the BRI drylands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113571"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the dynamic spatial spillover and nonlinear threshold effect of urbanization on urban green development efficiency in China","authors":"Guimei Wang , Muhammad Salman , Kuangwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113570","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113570","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-oriented super-efficiency undesirable-EBM model is used to measure green development efficiency (GDE) of 283 cities in China during 2006–2019. The dynamic spatial Durbin model and dynamic panel threshold model are adopted to analyze characteristics of urbanization on GDE. The results show that urbanization promotes local GDE, while inhibits surrounding GDE. When urbanization is over 0.677, promotes GDE. From heterogeneous analysis, urbanization promotes surrounding GDE in small cities, while inhibits surrounding GDE and promotes local GDE in large and medium-sized cities and megacities. Urbanization inhibits local and surrounding GDE in non-resource-based cities. In eastern region, urbanization inhibits surrounding GDE, while promotes surrounding GDE in central region. From dynamic threshold effect, urbanization promotes GDE in large and medium-sized cities, megacities, resource-based cities, non-resource-based cities, eastern and central regions, inhibits GDE in western region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113570"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the coordinated relationship between blue-green space and urbanization in coastal mountain cities based on spatiotemporal evolution analysis: A case study in Qingdao, China","authors":"Chao Li, Siyan Yue, Xin Liu, Huan Dai, Xingyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban blue-green space is under great threat due to the huge impact of rapid urbanization. As representatives of high-density urban agglomerations, coastal mountain cities, while possessing a complex blue-green system, are also subject to great ecological vulnerability. To support the sustainable growth of cities, it is crucial to investigate the synergistic relationship between urbanization and blue-green space in coastal mountainous regions. Taking Qingdao, a typical fast-developing coastal mountainous city, as an example, the study analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of blue-green space and urbanization in the study area from 2000 to 2020 on a grid-scale and explored the spatiotemporal dynamic trend of the coupling coordination degree of urbanization and blue-green space based on the coupling coordination model. The results showed: (1) From 2000 to 2020, land use in Qingdao experienced drastic changes. The main change was the encroachment of urban into the blue-green spaces, which led to the fragmentation and complexity of the landscape pattern of blue-green space, with the most significant change in the central coastal area. (2) The development levels of green space and blue space generally showed a downward and then upward trend, and the level of urbanization continued to rise. The development level between blue-green space and urbanization mainly showed a negative spatial correlation. (3) The coupling degree between composite systems showed a steady upward trend in time, but still lacked highly coordinated regions. Spatially, the coupling degree between the systems had a strong difference and agglomeration, showing the general characteristic of “High in the center, low in the north and south, and decreasing inward from the coast”, which was more spatially consistent with the level of urbanization. This study is of great significance to urban sustainable development planning of coastal mountain cities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113586"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatiotemporal evolution of green development efficiency based on nighttime light data","authors":"Yunxiao Wang , Yapeng Li , Zhijie Li , Ke Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing Green Development Efficiency (GDE) performance is pivotal for achieving high-quality development in China. Carbon emission reduction is a significant target for sustainable development after the adoption of the ‘dual carbon’ goal. However, the undesirable output of existing GDE research has overlooked carbon emissions. Therefore, this study proposed an improved measurement of GDE by considering carbon emissions as an undesirable output. The data integrating DMSP-OLS and SNPP-VIIRS dataset was used to quantify urban carbon emissions. The super-SBM model was utilized to assess GDE performance. An empirical study of urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin was conducted using data from 2013 to 2022. The findings are as follows: (1) The GDE of the seven urban agglomerations exhibit a ‘U-shaped’ trend from temporal evolution perspective. (2) The seven urban agglomerations demonstrate a spatial distribution pattern characterized by higher values in the northern and western regions and lower values in the southern and eastern regions. (3) The GML index of the seven urban agglomerations exhibited an alternating trend of rise and decline. Theoretically, the accuracy of GDE measurement is improved by incorporating an optimized method for calculating urban carbon emissions. Practically, this paper provides a foundation for governments to elevate regional green development performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113541"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qinjiang Hu , Jun Lin , Jingjing Li , Yanfang Liu , Lijun Xing
{"title":"Exploring the effects of colleges green spaces (CGSs) exposure on mental health of students from a space–time path perspective","authors":"Qinjiang Hu , Jun Lin , Jingjing Li , Yanfang Liu , Lijun Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113538","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies focused more on the impact of the actual greenspace exposure (e.g., quantity or area) but ignored the different usage and perceived exposure in the varying daily life paths of different groups, which may affect the accuracy of the results on the health effects of greenspace exposure. This study first established multiple space–time paths through the investigation of college students’ daily activity paths to analyze the spatio-temporal exposure of college green spaces (CGSs) and the usage characteristics of college students. Then the relationship between CGSs exposure and college students’ mental health, as well as the mediating effect of overall satisfaction were explored by constructing indicators in actual and perceived dimensions through self-health reports. The results showed significantly different effects on mental health of both the actual and perceived CGSs exposure in different paths. Among which the actual exposure was negatively correlated with mental health, while perceived exposure presented positive correlations in daily paths. The usage characteristics of CGSs also had different effects on mental health at varying gender, grade and colleges. The overall CGSs satisfaction plays obvious mediating effects of daily paths exposure on mental health. This study contributes to the international literature on health impact mechanism of green space exposure from the perspective of space–time paths by considering college students’ daily activity of life and study. Accurate identification of the unreasonable CGSs exposure for mental health of college students could provide valuable suggestions for the construction and management of healthy campus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113538"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial distribution of cadmium and lead in wheat grains and their environmental driving factors in major grain-producing areas, China","authors":"Zhenfeng Zang , Suhua Liu , Yonghua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium and lead can enter the human body through the food chain, posing a threat to human health and food safety. Knowledge of the spatial distribution pattern of Cd and Pb in wheat grains in the major grain producing areas and identification of the main driving factors can provide scientific references for development of precise pollution remediation and management measures to ensure food security and sustainable agricultural development. The study adopted multi-method collaboration, and integrated multi-source environment data to comprehensively analyze the spatial distribution pattern and their environmental driving factors of cadmium and lead concentrations in wheat grains in a typical major wheat producing area in China. Results showed that the mean concentrations of cadmium and lead in wheat grains were lower than the Chinese standard limits, with the exceedance rates of 11.69 % and 8.83 %, respectively. The spatial distribution characteristics of cadmium and lead was similar, and had obvious spatial aggregation characteristics, i.e., the northwestern and southern parts were the agglomeration of high-value areas. The livestock and manure application had the most significant effect on the spatial distribution of cadmium and lead, with q values of 0.105 and 0.187, respectively, followed by fertilizer application and population density. The distribution of cadmium was more influenced by livestock and manure application, fertilizer application, etc. in the eastern region than in the western region, whereas for lead, it was higher in the southeast than in the northwest. The comprehensive analysis of geodetector and geographically weighted regression indicated that the livestock and manure application, fertilizer application, population density, and industrial activities were the main driving factors for the spatial distribution of Cd and Pb. The findings enhance our understanding of the spatial distribution pattern and environmental driving factors of cadmium and lead in wheat grains, offering a new perspective on the safe production of wheat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113589"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhaowu Yu , Mingchuan Shao , Wenjuan Ma , Chenghao Wang , Jiachuan Yang
{"title":"Satellite-driven evidence of forest-induced temperature variability and its biophysical and biogeochemical pathways across latitudes","authors":"Zhaowu Yu , Mingchuan Shao , Wenjuan Ma , Chenghao Wang , Jiachuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forests significantly influence local temperature dynamics, although the specifics of their impacts and mechanisms exhibit global variability. This study investigates the cooling or warming effects of global forests from 2001 to 2021 using multi-satellite data. The results indicate that (1) boreal forests exhibit a significant warming effect of + 1.99 °C. Temperate forests exhibit nighttime warming but notable daytime cooling effect, resulting in a net daily cooling effect (−0.48 °C in the northern hemisphere, −0.91 °C in the southern hemisphere). The daily cooling effects peak in summer and gradually rise from spring to autumn, with winter exhibiting a warming inclination. Tropical forests consistently provide a cooling effect year-round (−2.11 °C). (2) Over the study period, tropical forests consistently revealed robust and stable cooling effects. Temperate forests displayed modest fluctuations in cooling effects, while the warming effect of boreal forest showed a slow trend upwards at a rate of + 0.03 °C per year. (3) The warming effect of boreal forests is primarily due to NEE (net ecosystem exchange) and ET pathways (indirect effect: +0.253 and + 0.392), while tropical forest cooling is driven by increased evapotranspiration (indirect effect: −0.938). As for temperate zones, annual cooling is primarily led by the NEE pathway (NH: −0.055 and SH: −0.415). (4) A robust annual coherence emerges between forests’ temperature regulation effects and ΔNEE, ΔET, and Δalbedo, where augmented ET and albedo significantly amplify cooling effects synchronously. The decrease in NEE exhibits a positive but non-synchronous impact on cooling at the local scale, while showing a strong and synchronous relationship with ΔLST at the global scale. These findings highlight the crucial role of forests in local temperature regulation, necessitating targeted management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113545"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feng Yan , Minli Wang , Jing Shan , Yanrui Ding , Liyao Dong , Yuwen Zhang , Huicong Zhang , Hao Xu , Jiao Pang , Yaheng Chen
{"title":"An integrated social-ecological indicator for low-carbon transition: evidence from the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, China","authors":"Feng Yan , Minli Wang , Jing Shan , Yanrui Ding , Liyao Dong , Yuwen Zhang , Huicong Zhang , Hao Xu , Jiao Pang , Yaheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive carbon emissions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have severely hindered regional sustainable economic development. Investigating grid-scale carbon sources and sinks incorporating social systems is of great significance for advancing China’s dual-carbon goals. This study proposes a novel productivity indicator, Net Social-ecological system Productivity (NSP), which integrates human society and natural ecosystems, and clarifies its spatiotemporal distribution patterns and multivariate driving mechanisms. The results show that: (1) From 2002 to 2020, the NSP in the study area exhibited a significant negative growth rate of −26.188 g C·(m<sup>2</sup>·a)<sup>−1</sup>. The annual mean NSP displayed a spatial pattern of being lower in the east and higher in the west, as well as lower in the south and higher in the north, with low-value areas concentrated in urban zones of metropolitan regions. (2) The spatial distribution of NSP followed distinct clustering patterns. The Beijing-Tianjin area consistently formed a low-low cluster, while over half of the study area (50.4 %) showed a declining trend in NSP, particularly in counties such as Daxing, Dingzhou, Anping, and Feixiang. (3) Night light intensity, GDP density, and population density were the primary drivers of NSP (Q > 0.5). The interaction between night light intensity and population density had the strongest explanatory power (Q > 0.7). NSP was higher (indicating stronger carbon sequestration capacity) when night light intensity ranged from 0 to 250 lm/m<sup>2</sup> and population density ranged from 0 to 188 persons/km<sup>2</sup>. (4) The spatial correlations between NSP and explanatory variables varied significantly. NSP was positively correlated with average annual temperature and solar radiation but negatively correlated with secondary industry GDP and land surface temperature (LST). The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to formulate targeted carbon reduction strategies and promote low-carbon economic development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113553"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thanchira Suriyamongkol, Jessica L. Esposito, Clayton K. Nielsen, John W. Groninger
{"title":"Effectiveness of swamp rabbits as indicator species for wildlife in bottomland hardwood forests","authors":"Thanchira Suriyamongkol, Jessica L. Esposito, Clayton K. Nielsen, John W. Groninger","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indicator species have been widely used to monitor ecological integrity and guide habitat restoration and management decision making. Although swamp rabbits (<em>Sylvilagus aquaticus</em>) have been identified as a potential indicator species of wildlife habitat quality in bottomland hardwood (BLH) forests, the effectiveness of swamp rabbits as an indicator species has not been tested quantitatively. We hypothesized that if swamp rabbits were a good indicator species, their responses to habitat components should represent responses of other taxa. Using wildlife presence-absence data collected in 2019 in southern Illinois, USA, we used a hierarchical multi-species occupancy framework to assess occupancy by wildlife and a correlation analysis to assess the relationship between species richness and swamp rabbit habitat components. Swamp rabbits preferred areas closer to upland forest, with high canopy closure, dense vertical obstruction and herbaceous ground cover, and high forest cover. Overall, 47.5 % of herpetofauna and 44.4 % of avifauna responses to habitat components were similar to swamp rabbits. Amphibians used habitat most similar to swamp rabbits, while facultative-wetland avifauna were the least similar. Although swamp rabbits alone did not represent the entire BLH wildlife community, similarities in occupancy trends between swamp rabbits and other taxa suggested that swamp rabbits could be used as an indicator species. Although management for closed canopy cover would benefit the greatest number of species, conserving other swamp rabbit habitat components, including dense vertical obstruction and herbaceous ground cover, would benefit amphibian, wetland-dependent avifauna, and some neotropical migratory bird species including species of conservation concern.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113577"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingeng Huo , Hongqiao Qin , Dan Hong , Jiaqi Niu , Haoyan Wu , Xuelin Wei , Guifeng Han , Jie Yan , Zhiyong Liu
{"title":"The physiological restorative effects in changing air temperature among various landscape composition of green spaces during summer: Empirical evidence from Chongqing, China","authors":"Jingeng Huo , Hongqiao Qin , Dan Hong , Jiaqi Niu , Haoyan Wu , Xuelin Wei , Guifeng Han , Jie Yan , Zhiyong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As vital infrastructures, green spaces provide important places for outdoor activities and social interactions for urban residents. Previous studies have shown that visiting green spaces significantly enhances physiological restorative effect (PRE) on human health. However, when exposed to outdoor environments in hot summer, are there significant differences in various landscape effects and PRE among various green spaces as air temperature (T<sub>a</sub>) increases? This study quantified PRE by measuring heart rate, blood oxygen, systolic and diastolic blood pressure in three types of green spaces selected in Chongqing during summer. Mixed effects and hierarchical multiple regression were analyzed for 13 landscape indicators and PRE under 2 °C changes in T<sub>a</sub>. The results showed that PRE diminished overall as T<sub>a</sub> increased. A robust PRE was observed at 26–32 °C, and recovery abilities of four physiological health indicators began to decrease when T<sub>a</sub> exceeded 32 °C. The impacts of landscape indicators on PRE were significantly adjusted by T<sub>a</sub>, with under branch height and number of plant species being important driving forces. Based on these findings, a PRE calendar was developed, suggesting that square spaces are suitable for visit during the morning and evening, while tree-covered and waterfront spaces are preferable at other times. These findings can provide valuable insights for urban planners to improve the design and management of green spaces, thereby guiding visitors’ activity behavior and site selection to enhance overall comfort when visiting green spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113537"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}