Ecological Indicators最新文献

{"title":"Assessing green space exposure in high density urban areas: A deficiency-sufficiency framework for Shanghai","authors":"Xinbei Wang ,&nbsp;ChengHe Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban green spaces enhance residents’ physical and mental health, but rapid urbanization has constrained green space exposure (GSE). While studies highlight the need for multidimensional GSE quantification, many lack methods to assess sufficiency or account for spatial heterogeneity in influencing factors. This study evaluates block-level GSE in central Shanghai using a deficiency-sufficiency framework and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to analyze green space availability, accessibility, and visibility. Key findings include: (1) Green Coverage Ratio (GCR) is higher in the west and lower in the east, with low values concentrated in the central area, Park Accessibility Index (PAI) has high-value clusters in the southwest and north, and Green View Index (GVI) shows low-value clusters primarily within and near the Middle Ring Road, high-value clusters dominate peripheral areas. (2) Few blocks meet sufficiency standards across all dimensions, with GCR identified as the most deficient dimension, accounting for nearly half of all blocks. (3) MGWR analysis reveals positive correlations of both GCR and GVI with housing price, negative correlations with building density, and mixed effects of road density on PAI. Recommendations emphasize the critical role of GSE in urban planning, advocating for the promotion of pocket parks, vertical greening, and green roofs, and integrating green space planning with transit-oriented development to optimize distribution. This study offers insights for improving GSE in dense urban areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113494"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a multifunctional indicator framework for soil health","authors":"Jacqueline A. Hannam ,&nbsp;Maddie Harris ,&nbsp;Lynda Deeks ,&nbsp;Hannah Hoskins ,&nbsp;James Hutchison ,&nbsp;Amy J. Withers ,&nbsp;James A. Harris ,&nbsp;Lawrence Way ,&nbsp;R.Jane R. Rickson","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We developed a proof-of-concept indicator framework to monitor soil health based on the delivery of ecosystem services. Instead of distilling soil health to one metric, the framework enables simultaneous comparison of the delivery and trade-offs between different ecosystem services that are delivered by soils, accounting for inherent capability determined by soil type and land use. The framework has potential to explore a whole systems approach, ascertaining soil system response in real time that can detect emergent properties of the system. Initial development of the framework ranked salient soil properties known to be linked and pertinent to the delivery of ecosystem services. These key soil properties, together with other environmental variables were used to create simple conceptual models representing a causal network for soils’ contributions to the ecosystem services of climate regulation, food production, water regulation and below-ground biodiversity. The conceptual models were developed into Bayesian Belief Networks populated with relevant national data and expert judgement. The resulting outputs gave an indication of how well (i.e. healthy) a soil can deliver each ecosystem service at a land parcel scale presented in a dashboard app. The output at a specific location can be contextualised or benchmarked against to the range of values for areas with similar soil and land use types. The idea was to build the model with readily available data and knowledge but with flexibility for iterative development to refine the framework and models and improve outputs over time. This enables indicator updates using inputs of local knowledge of land management, or when additional soil data becomes available, or when soil policy drivers change, or our understanding of the conceptual and statistical models are improved. The indicator framework can be applied and adapted for use in multiple contexts from reporting national policy targets on soil health to determining soil health for a farmer at the field level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113515"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of impervious surface expansion morphology on ecosystem services and thresholds in the Haihe River basin","authors":"Yang Gu ,&nbsp;Yujia Chen ,&nbsp;Dongdong Yang ,&nbsp;Xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Shunqi Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid expansion of impervious surface areas (ISA) has a profound impact on basin ecosystem services (ES). However, the relationship between impervious surface expansion morphology (ISEM) and ES remains insufficiently studied. This study focused on the Haihe River Basin (HRB) and first quantified ISEM from three dimensions i.e. patch scale, shape complexity, and spatial aggregation. The InVEST model was then employed to assess ES, including habitat quality, carbon storage, water yield, and soil conservation, followed by the calculation of comprehensive ecosystem service (CES). Subsequently, GeoDetector and restricted cubic spline were employed to analyze the drivers, interactions, and threshold effects of ISEM on CES. Finally, an analysis of variance was conducted to identify ISEM profiles for regions with different CES levels, offering a basis for basin zoning and planning. The results indicated that: (1) All ISEM indicators had a significant impact on CES. Notably, during the period from 2002 to 2022, the euclidean nearest-neighbor distance mean (ENN_MN) showed the largest influence on CES, with q-values of 0.601, 0.586, and 0.561, respectively; (2) Except for mean shape index (SHAPE_MN), other ISEM indicators showed significant nonlinear relationships with CES (p &lt; 0.001), with their impact on CES changing after exceeding certain thresholds; and (3) ISEM profiles exhibited contrasting differences between regions with high and low CES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113493"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction analysis and control strategies on coupling coordination between low-carbon transportation and high-quality economic development in the backward U-shaped bend metropolitan area of the Yellow River Basin","authors":"Wang Wei ,&nbsp;Mo Yuan-rui ,&nbsp;Guan Lei ,&nbsp;Gong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coordinated development of the economy and low-carbon transportation in ecologically sensitive areas has always been a persistent challenge for urban development. Optimizing the low-carbon transportation system is critical for achieving high-quality economic development in a typical ecologically sensitive region, the backward U-shaped bend metropolitan area (BUBMA) of the Yellow River Basin. With the acceleration of China’s Dual Carbon targets, understanding the interactive relationship between low-carbon transportation (LCT) and high-quality economic development (HQED) is an essential prerequisite for advancing ecological protection and implementing high-quality development strategies. This study explores the coupling coordination problem and its prediction and regulatory strategies during the spatiotemporal evolution of LCT and HQED in the BUBMA by employing methods such as the Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD), Monte Carlo simulation (MC), and Grey prediction.</div><div>The findings reveal the following: (1) The comprehensive indices of 15 cities exhibit significant disparities during the entire research period, characterized by high values in the central region and low values at both ends for LCT, while HQED demonstrates a transition from an evident “olive-shaped” spatial pattern to one marked by high values in the south and low values in the north. (2) The proposed CCD prediction framework can offer an objective reflection of future trends. The CCDs of these 15 cities have shown a growth trend, with the average CCD projected to reach the stage of barely coordinated development（0.554）by 2030. (3) Four key indicators，which include the share of non-fossil energy consumption, highway network density, air passenger traffic per 10,000 people and high-speed rail mileage per 10,000 people, have significant positive driving effects on the development of LCT. The comprehensive regulatory strategies for these influencing factors are proposed based on forecast and target scenarios. The empirical findings provide important insights for optimizing the CCD and its regulation strategies of these two systems, thus providing guidance for formulating coordinated development policies and sustainable governance strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113521"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of vegetation responses to diverse water sources in the Yangtze River Basin: Insights from meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural drought","authors":"Sijing Cui ,&nbsp;Jun Gao ,&nbsp;Fengyun Sun ,&nbsp;Gen Li ,&nbsp;Yue Che","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the intricate link between water availability and vegetation growth is crucial for preserving ecosystem vitality and facilitating global carbon cycling. The Yangtze River Basin (YRB) features vast subtropical forests, which are vital for global hydrological, carbon, and energy flows. Investigating the influence of the water supply on vegetation dynamics in this basin is crucial, particularly in light of the challenges posed by climate change. However, the response of vegetation to different water sources remains poorly understood. To address this gap, this study explores the influence of precipitation, surface runoff, and soil water on vegetation growth in the YRB via hydrologic modelling and remote sensing data from 2003 to 2021. The results revealed a decreasing trend in drought-prone areas. The overall vegetation growth has progressively improved despite challenges posed by water scarcity. More areas in the YRB are affected by water shortages than surpluses in terms of vegetation growth. During the growing season, vegetation is primarily affected by water shortage, although in exceptional cases, it is constrained by excess water, which typically occurs during the nongrowing season. In the upper and middle Jinsha River Basin, vegetation growth is primarily restricted by water surpluses, while in the middle and lower YRB, constraints commonly arise from water deficits. Additionally, surface runoff and soil moisture play more significant roles in influencing vegetation growth than precipitation. By revealing the dynamics of the vegetation–water correlation, our research aims to provide valuable insights for managing the dynamic balance between water and vegetation in subtropical regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113524"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry to afforestation of severely desertified land in northern China","authors":"Yuqiang Li ,&nbsp;Wenjie Cao ,&nbsp;Yun Chen ,&nbsp;Libing Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-scale afforestation is being implemented globally to promote carbon sequestration in ecosystems, address climate change, and restore degraded ecosystems. However, the impacts of trees and shrubs on soil stoichiometry in severely desertified land remain unclear. We investigated the topsoil (0 − 20 cm) carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> var. <em>mongolica</em> and <em>Caragana microphylla</em> plantations established on mobile sand dunes in northern China. Soil organic carbon (SOC, 2.6 to 11.3 g kg⁻¹) and total nitrogen (TN, 0.3 to 1.2 g kg⁻¹) concentrations increased by 3.2 to 6.5 times the values in mobile dunes, on average, after 40 years of afforestation. Total phosphorus (TP, 0.1 to 0.2 g kg⁻¹) in the 40-year-old <em>P. sylvestris</em> and <em>C</em>. <em>microphylla</em> plantations increased by 15.1 and 24.3 %, respectively. Well-constrained C:N ratios (7.7 to 10.1 on average) indicated strong coupling relationship between SOC and TN. The average C:P (7.2 to 43.8) and average N:P (0.8 to 4.4) ratios increased with increasing afforestation age due to disproportionate changes in the three elements, but the rate of increase under <em>C. microphylla</em> decreased. N:P ratios under <em>P. sylvestris</em> increased with increasing afforestation age, indicating that long-term <em>P. sylvestris</em> afforestation may become P-limited. Environmental factors explained 75 % of the total variation of soil C:N:P stoichiometry. The improved plant diversity, productivity, and soil physical properties after afforestation improved the soil C:N:P stoichiometry. Climate and terrain had negative impacts on this stoichiometry. We suggest combining multiple species for afforestation to improve species diversity and providing supplemental P in later stages of afforestation to counteract the future P limitation. Our findings provide new knowledge on the relationships between afforestation and soil stoichiometry in severely desertified areas, and provide a reference for optimizing afforestation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113520"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation mechanism of urban green competitiveness via a gray fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model","authors":"Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Xiyin Qiu ,&nbsp;Hui Shen ,&nbsp;Congjun Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green development is a mode of economic growth and social development aimed at efficiency, harmony and sustainability. Green competitiveness has gradually become a key factor in measuring the comprehensive competitiveness of a country or region. However, existing studies lack a unified evaluation index system and comprehensive methodology for assessing urban green competitiveness. This study fills this gap by integrating gray correlation analysis and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to provide a more accurate and systematic assessment. First, 40 green competitiveness indicators were selected from four aspects of economic level, environmental pressure, resource consumption and social policy, and a green competitiveness evaluation index system was constructed. Second, the weight of each evaluation index was subsequently determined via the entropy weight method. Third, the gray correlation analysis and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are combined to establish a gray fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for evaluating urban green competitiveness. Finally, 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Economic Zone in China were used as research objects, and the established evaluation mechanism was applied for empirical analysis. According to the comprehensive scores and ranking results of provinces and cities, some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are provided to promote the competitiveness of the Yangtze River Economic Zone in terms of the economy, environment, resources, society and so on.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113510"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal patterns of abrupt vegetation changes and reversal trends in the Yellow River Basin: Climate and human drivers","authors":"Xiaohui He,&nbsp;Tingwei Fan,&nbsp;Mengjia Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vegetation changes involve both gradual trends and abrupt changes, with the latter serving as critical indicators for detecting vegetation state transitions and identifying potential environmental stresses. In recent decades, the structure and function of vegetation ecosystems in the Yellow River Basin have undergone significant alterations. However, there remains limited understanding of whether abrupt changes occurred during these alterations and their driving mechanisms. So here, this study utilized the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a proxy for vegetation changes, characterized the spatiotemporal distribution of abrupt vegetation changes characteristics based on the Breaks for Additive Seasonal and Trend (BFAST) algorithm, and employed a Random Forest model to elucidate the driving factors behind these changes. The results showed that 73.1% of the vegetation in the basin experienced at least one abrupt change, with 2011 marking the peak year (9.8% affected area). Notably, 21.35% of pixels exhibited trend reversals, a phenomenon masked in previous linear trend studies. Regarding driving factors, positive abrupt changes were primarily driven by moderate warming and extreme precipitation anomalies, while the concentrated positive abrupt changes in 2011 were significantly influenced by the transition between dry and wet years and ecological restoration projects. In contrast, negative abrupt changes predominantly resulted from extreme temperatures and intensified human activities. These findings reveal the causes and response mechanisms of abrupt vegetation changes in the Yellow River Basin, providing new insights and perspectives for exploring the patterns of vegetation changes in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113502"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic risk assessment and source identification of heavy metals in soil-rice systems in northern area of Fujian Province, China","authors":"Anni Wei ,&nbsp;Jin Jia ,&nbsp;Pengyan Chang ,&nbsp;Songliang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the ecological-human health risks and sources of heavy metals in paddy soils in the northern area of Fujian Province were investigated. The innovative ecological and health indicators that were evaluated in a probabilistic form were utilized rather than the traditional quotient form to make the results more accurate. By considering the bioaccessibility (BA) of heavy metals when calculating the hazard index (HI) for non-carcinogenic risks and total carcinogenic risk (TCR) for carcinogenic risk, the health risks caused by the ingestion of rice grains were significant. The HI and TCR values for both children and adults exceeded the standard values. In the meantime, the health risks of heavy metals in soils were not as high as expected. The geochemical baseline value (GBV) of Cd (0.087 mg/kg) was higher than the background concentration value (BCV) (0.054 mg/kg). The species sensitivity distribution (SSD) curves were built to determine the threshold values (hazardous concentration, HC_p) of soil heavy metals that can protect 5 %, 50 %, and 95 % of local rice varieties. The results showed that the allocation of rice production areas in the study site appeared to be largely in accordance with the needs of rice production. The outcomes of the APCA-MLR model indicated that the main sources included mining and associated industrial activities, natural sources, and agricultural activities, with a total contribution rate of 37.4 %, 30 %, and 32.6 % to the accumulation of heavy metals, respectively. The findings of this study contribute to the deeper understanding of the impact of heavy metal pollution in paddy soils on the health of local people and agroecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 113504"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reservoir impoundment alters surrounding plant physiological activities revealed by stable isotopes in tree rings","authors":"Lian Sun ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Cai ,&nbsp;Yesi Zhao ,&nbsp;Zixun Qi ,&nbsp;Xinsheng Liu ,&nbsp;Hongkai Gao ,&nbsp;Lu Wang ,&nbsp;Suyan Dai ,&nbsp;Siyuan Lu ,&nbsp;Jiejun Wang ,&nbsp;Xijie Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reservoir impoundment influences the growth of surrounding plants by altering the microclimate. However, the physiological mechanism of responses remains unclear. Due to the long tree-ring sequences and the distinct physiological mechanisms of stable isotopes in tree rings, we employed the technique of tree-ring carbon and oxygen isotopes to assess the physiological response to reservoir impoundment. We collected the tree rings of <em>Pinus yunnanensis</em> Franch. surrounding the Ertan Reservoir in southwestern China, and calculated the annual discrimination capabilities of ¹³C and ¹⁸O (i.e., Δ¹³C and Δ¹⁸O) in cellulose–α. Using moving window correlation analysis and a carbon–oxygen dual-isotope model, we identified shifts in the response patterns. The results indicate no significant difference in Δ¹⁸O across the impoundment timeline. Compared with before impoundment period (1980–1997), Δ¹³C increases during initial impoundment period (1998–2004), followed by a rapid decline and stabilization during stable impoundment period (2005–2020). The ¹⁸O enrichment in<!--> <em>P. yunnanensis</em> <!-->is mainly driven by the uptake of surface soil water in late-growing season (notably Sept.). Reservoir impoundment attenuates Sept. humidity declines, stabilizing surface soil moisture and stomatal conductance. In contrast, ¹³C discrimination correlates closely with environmental conditions in early growing season (especially Jun.). During the initial impoundment period, high humidity limits the stomatal conductance, while lower air temperature reduces photosynthetic activity. At the onset of the stable impoundment period, the regional climate changes reversely with reservoir microclimate unable to counteract the regional shifts. Under the interactive effects of temperature and humidity, the photosynthetic capacity increases markedly, leading to a decline in Δ¹³C. As environmental conditions stabilize in the stable impoundment period, Δ¹³C also remains unchanged. These findings will promote our ability to predict future impacts of large-scale engineering on terrestrial ecosystems under global climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 113519"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}