Earth Surface Processes and Landforms最新文献

{"title":"Correction to “Modelling the impact of trenches on soil erosion control using OpenLISEM on Mount Elgon, Uganda”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/esp.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Opedes, H.</span>, <span>Fuchs, L.F.</span>, <span>Baartman, J.E.M.</span>, <span>Mücher, C.A.</span>, <span>Kessler, A.</span> &amp; <span>Ritsema, C.J.</span> (<span>2025</span>) <span>Modelling the impact of trenches on soil erosion control using OpenLISEM on Mount Elgon, Uganda</span>. <i>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms</i>, <span>50</span>(<span>6</span>) e70074. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70074\u0000 </p><p>An error appears in Equation (8) in paragraph 5 of Section 3.5 (Sub-catchment simulation, calibration and scenario analysis) on page 7/17. The hydraulic radius was reported as “<i>R</i> = A×P”. The correct formula is <i>R</i> = A/P. Note that this was a typological error; the correct formula was used in all calculations.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reef island morphological change over the past two decades: Spermonde Archipelago, Indonesia","authors":"Meghna Sengupta,&nbsp;Thomas Mann,&nbsp;Marleen Stuhr,&nbsp;Hildegard Westphal","doi":"10.1002/esp.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Low-lying coral reef islands are presumed to be highly vulnerable landforms to the effects of climate change. Rising sea levels, changes in wave regimes and reef degradation are all considered key threats to their future persistence and habitability. While a number of studies have examined morphological changes on islands over multidecadal timescales, there is a paucity of high-frequency data from recent years that discern variability in shoreline change trends at the local scale. In this study, we used frequently sampled high-resolution satellite imagery covering the past two decades and analysed the morphological evolution and dynamics of 22 reef islands of the Spermonde Archipelago at the southwest coast of Sulawesi, Indonesia - a location deemed as a climate change hotspot with sea-level rise rates higher than the global average, and anthropogenically affected reef ecosystems. Analysis of 4,329 transects cast across 192 recorded shorelines revealed a balance in erosional and accretionary response. Specifically, 32% of transects were characterized by statistically significant accretion, 29% by erosion and the remaining exhibited no significant change. The magnitude of shoreline changes showed high spatial variability across the archipelago, with marked differences between islands perched on patch reefs on the outer shelf and those in the mid-shelf and nearshore. Archipelago-wide, irrespective of a net gain or loss in land area on islands, accretion was predominant on the western margins, while the eastern margins experienced relatively high degrees of erosion, leading to a westward migration of 55% of the islands on their reef platforms. Collectively, this study provides the first high-resolution shoreline change record for the archipelago, explores contemporary patterns of island morphological change and highlights the importance of high-frequency sampling in reef island studies for understanding projections of island change and efforts towards developing robust adaptation strategies and decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the mechanism of loess collapse induced by clay particle softening based on discrete element method","authors":"Jinduo Yang,&nbsp;Xi-An Li,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Biao Qin,&nbsp;Lincui Li","doi":"10.1002/esp.70142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanism by which loess collapses serves as a critical basis for researching disasters in loess regions. This paper employed the employs element method (DEM) to link the internal mechanisms of collapse with its macroscopic manifestations. We first proposed that the softening of clay particles upon water contact is the direct cause of loess collapse. Additionally, an Enhanced Virtual Clay Method (EVCM) was developed, which integrates the finite element method (FEM) and DEM to construct a numerical model for characterizing macroscopic collapse of loess based on microscopic clay particle behaviours. The results revealed that the collapse settlement of the numerical model was highly consistent with theoretical values. Primarily, the collapse settlement of loess originated from the pore space generated by particle displacement, with secondary contributions from the reduction in the effective volume of loess particles caused by clay softening. The numerical model of loess collapse proposed in this study associates microscopic clay particle behaviours with macroscopic collapse behaviours, opening a new pathway for researching the relationship between the macro–micro-properties of loess.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dos Lenguas rock glacier kinematics stable despite warming trend (2016–2024): Surface changes and the role of topography and climate in the Dry Andes of Argentina","authors":"Melanie Stammler,&nbsp;Jan Blöthe,&nbsp;Fabian Flöck,&nbsp;Rainer Bell,&nbsp;Lothar Schrott","doi":"10.1002/esp.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rock glaciers are increasingly recognized for their hydrological significance, specifically relevant in regions with reduced water availability, like the Dry Andes. Despite their relevance, driving factors for rock glacier surface changes in vertical and horizontal direction, termed kinematics, are still poorly understood. Rock glacier kinematics allow to elucidate the local state of permafrost. Knowledge on the Andean state of permafrost, however, is scarce. This study investigates vertical and horizontal surface changes on Dos Lenguas rock glacier in the Dry Andes of Argentina (30°S) using quasi-biennial austral summer UAV datasets for 2016–2024. Given the very high resolution of the UAV datasets (11 cm), we are able to focus on resolving the magnitude and spatial pattern of surface changes within the landform in great detail. We generate DEMs for vertical change quantification. Further, we derive hillshades from these DEMs for feature tracking-based horizontal change quantification. We co-analyse these with slope and curvature as well as ERA5 air temperature and precipitation data provided by meteoblue for 1940–2024 to investigate the effect of topography and climate. Findings reveal spatial and temporal variability in surface kinematics, with maximum surface velocities up to 1.7 m/yr and mean velocities of 0.9 m/yr. The majority of vertical changes, reaching upto ±1.5 m, are predominantly influenced by compressional flow and ridge-furrow systems and correlate with topographic drivers like slope and curvature. In contrast to other regions in the world, high-resolution monitoring of Dos Lenguas rock glacier for the time period of 8 years (2016–2024) reveals vertical and horizontal surface change to be stable for almost one decade, despite increasing (winter) temperatures. We attribute the lack of snow sheltering due to extremely dry conditions and the comparatively high-altitude location of Dos Lenguas (4,400 m asl), the main controls of absent/delayed kinematic reaction to climatological change. We highlight the importance of high-resolution monitoring for resolving the magnitude and spatial pattern of rock glacier kinematics with low levels of detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144929587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of creek and bay influences on salt marsh sediment budget and deposition patterns","authors":"Lukas WinklerPrins,&nbsp;Jessica R. Lacy,&nbsp;Mark T. Stacey,&nbsp;Karen Thorne,&nbsp;McKenna Bristow,&nbsp;Scott Jones","doi":"10.1002/esp.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The resilience of salt marshes with low organic production depends on their effective capture and retention of mineral sediment from adjacent waters. Little prior work has directly compared mechanisms of sediment import from wave-influenced marsh boundaries against those of tidal creeks. We used simultaneous deployment of net-deposition tiles and oceanographic sensors to identify the timing and magnitude of sediment import/export to, and redistribution within, a marsh in south San Francisco Bay. As the marsh has both an eroding bay-exposed scarp and a prominent tidal creek, we investigated the mechanisms and magnitudes of sediment import from the marsh-bay versus the marsh-creek interface. The strong daily sea breezes of the summer season produced most of the wave-driven erosion of the marsh scarp and controlled suspended sediment concentrations; the winter season had weaker winds punctuated by a few storms. A large seasonal difference in suspended sediment concentrations influenced both flood and ebb sediment fluxes to the marsh and led to much higher rates of import in the summer. Both bay-side and creek-side processes were important to total marsh sediment budget. Bay-side sediment contributions were more variable in time due to the bay-influenced environment, and creek-side contributions were overall larger, reflecting the large proportion of the marsh fed by creek water. Sediment was redistributed throughout the system, with erosion near the bay-edge, accretion near the creek-edge and slow import to the marsh interior. The marsh was net importing sediment in the summer and exporting in the winter from different rates of these processes; on an annual scale, the marsh was net importing despite rapid lateral marsh loss. These findings emphasize that a positive sediment budget does not imply a stable marsh and that both creek- and edge-side dynamics are important for marsh sedimentation and geomorphic trajectories. Further, we expand understandings of non-storm and seasonal controls on marsh sedimentation. Copyright © 2025 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attribution analysis of sediment transport variation in the Xihan River Basin, upper Jialing River, China","authors":"Heng Liao,&nbsp;Yi He","doi":"10.1002/esp.70148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past 50 years, the sediment load in the upper Jialing River has undergone significant changes, warranting a detailed analysis of the driving factors behind this variation—particularly the relative contributions of human activities and climate change. Using sediment observation data from 1965 to 2016, we examined sediment load trends in the Xihan River Basin, a key subregion of the upper Jialing River. Our analysis employed multiple methods, including the double mass curve (DMC), sediment identification factor assessment and the elasticity coefficient method, to investigate sediment discharge changes and quantify the relative impacts of human activities and precipitation. The results reveal a pronounced downward trend in sediment transport, while rainfall showed only a slight decrease over the same period. According to the DMC analysis, human activities accounted for approximately 73.4% of the sediment load reduction, with rainfall (as a proxy for climate change) contributing 26.6%. The sediment identification factor assessment further indicated that sediment concentration, runoff and precipitation contributed 66.2%, 30.9% and 2.9%, respectively, to sediment load variations. These findings were corroborated by the elasticity coefficient method, which attributed 74.1% of the changes to human activities and 25.9% to climate change. Collectively, these results highlight the dominant influence of human activities on sediment load variation in the Xihan River Basin. This underscores the importance of targeted human interventions to effectively manage sediment transport in the region. Moreover, the insights gained from this study provide valuable guidance for sediment management strategies applicable to other watersheds facing similar challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating geomorphic and tectonic signals: A multi-parameter evaluation of active deformation in the Zanskar Shear Zone, Northwest Himalaya, India","authors":"Mohammad Irfan,&nbsp;Bikram Singh Bali,&nbsp;Savaş Topal,&nbsp;Ahsan Afzal","doi":"10.1002/esp.70133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70133","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the tectono-geomorphic signatures of the NE-dipping Zanskar Shear Zone (ZSZ)—a structurally complex and tectonically dynamic segment of the Himalayan hinterland. Utilizing high-resolution remote sensing datasets, GIS-based morphometric analyses, and systematic field validation, we conducted a detailed spatial assessment of 32 drainage basins distributed along both sides of the Doda River. In this analysis, six key geomorphic indices were computed to quantify relative tectonic activity, estimate uplift rates, and delineate zones of active deformation within the Doda Valley (DV). A multi-parametric classification based on the Index of Active Tectonics (IAT) categorizes 35% of the basins as highly active and 65% as moderately active, reflecting spatial heterogeneity in crustal deformation. Highly active basins are characterized by steep hypsometric gradients, deeply incised valleys, linear mountain fronts, prominent faceted spurs, and wine-glass valley morphologies. These landforms collectively reflect persistent tectonic uplift and fault-controlled incision, indicative of an actively deforming landscape influenced by structural complexities and localized strain accumulation. In contrast, moderately active basins exhibit a dynamic equilibrium between tectonic uplift and denudational processes, modulated by faulting, glacial incision, freeze—thaw cycles, and sediment flux. This interpretation is further supported by a strong inverse correlation (R² = 0.85) between Smf and Vf, with a bivariate relationship yielding an estimated uplift rate of ~0.5 mm/yr in the DV. The spatial correspondence between morphometric anomalies and mapped tectonic lineaments underscores the dominant role of ongoing crustal deformation in shaping basin-scale geomorphic patterns and modulating surface processes. The NW—SE-trending ZSZ, dipping ~20° NE, emerges as a major crustal-scale structure governing regional uplift and landscape evolution, exhibiting recent tectonic characteristics akin to those of the Main Central Thrust. Collectively, these findings highlight the ZSZ as a key driver of tectono-geomorphic evolution, providing new insights into the active deformation mechanisms operating within this segment of the orogenic belt.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of gravel content on the velocity of hyperconcentrated rill flow under steep slope conditions","authors":"Zhenggang Zhang,&nbsp;Zhehao Zhu,&nbsp;Yuyang Chen,&nbsp;Wei Wu,&nbsp;Ying Meng,&nbsp;Yiyang Zhou,&nbsp;Yue Zhang,&nbsp;Jinshi Lin,&nbsp;Yanhe Huang,&nbsp;Fangshi Jiang","doi":"10.1002/esp.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flow velocity serves as a key hydraulic parameter in examining rill erosion on slopes. Analysing the characteristics of flow velocity changes and their influencing factors is critical for understanding the rill erosion process and hydrodynamic mechanisms. However, the understanding of the mechanism of flow velocity changes in gravel-laden hyperconcentrated flows on steep slopes is still limited. In this study, different soil–gravel mixtures (with gravel mass contents ranging from 0% to 70% and gravel clast median diameters ranging from 0.08 to 2.95 mm) were used in indoor runoff scouring tests to examine the influence and mechanisms of gravel content on flow velocity under varying unit flow discharges (1.11–4.44 × 10⁻³ m² s⁻¹) and slopes (18–84%). These results indicate that a relatively high gravel content in the sediment significantly impedes the flow velocity. The structural equation model indicates that gravel content primarily reduces flow velocity by positively influencing settling velocity (path coefficient = 0.990, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), which in turn exerts a suppressive effect on flow velocity (path coefficient between settling velocity and flow velocity = −0.295, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The contributions of flow discharge, slope and gravel content to flow velocity are 79.7%, 15.6% and 0.5%, respectively. The flow velocity prediction equation established on the basis of these three factors is not only highly accurate (<i>NSE</i> = 0.918) but also has easily obtainable parameters, making it the preferred equation for predicting the rill flow velocity. This study explored the mechanism of flow velocity changes in hyperconcentrated flows on steep slopes, enhancing the understanding of the relationship between sediment particles and the flow velocity, which aids in elucidating the erosion process in soil-gravel mixtures.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of proglacial forefield morphodynamics and their implications for the filtering of subglacial sediment export following glacier retreat","authors":"Davide Mancini,&nbsp;Andrew Paul Nicholas,&nbsp;Matteo Roncoroni,&nbsp;Tom Müller,&nbsp;Matthew Jenkin,&nbsp;Floreana Miesen,&nbsp;Michael Dietze,&nbsp;Flavio Calvo,&nbsp;Stuart Nicholas Lane","doi":"10.1002/esp.70143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Proglacial forefields are geomorphologically active zones with rivers that may buffer sediment connectivity between glaciers and downstream regions. To date, there are few studies of the magnitude of this process and the role of system-internal perturbations, such as meltwater discharge rates, subglacial sediment supply and changing valley topography (e.g. valley slope, lateral accommodation space) following glacier retreat. Here, we use a physically-based morphodynamic model, calibrated using continuous field-collected data, to investigate the geomorphic response of these fluvial systems to varying topographical, sedimentological and hydrological boundary conditions. Results confirm the central role of the supply to transport capacity ratio in determining both proglacial stream geomorphic response and downstream sediment delivery rates, particularly for bedload particles; while suspended sediment transport is less affected by morphodynamic processes. Simulations also showed that the filtering effect is influenced by the lateral accommodation space and valley bottom slope. These observations not only suggest that the filtering varies between geomorphological settings, but also that the form of a valley (width, slope), as it is revealed following glacier retreat, will also impact filtering. These findings are important for understanding the future evolution of the longitudinal sediment connectivity in deglaciating catchments, in light of likely peak water and peak sediment. In the near-future, the evolution of the proglacial margin filtering will have repercussion for the supply of sediment towards downstream regions, for the management of hydropower plants and for aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144894095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating sediment dynamics and landscape change processes in the semi-arid Pilbara, Western Australia – Insights using paired cosmogenic 26Al/10Be ratios","authors":"Alissa Flatley,&nbsp;Jan-Hendrik May,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Fujioka,&nbsp;Ian Rutherfurd,&nbsp;David Fink","doi":"10.1002/esp.70144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sediment dynamics and rates of landscape denudation in dryland regions are difficult to quantify due to long residence times of sediment on hillslopes and floodplains, often exceeding millions of years. Such extended durations complicate the interpretation of single cosmogenic nuclide analyses. This study applies paired ¹⁰Be and ²⁶Al measurements in detrital samples to constrain basin-wide denudation rates and sediment fluxes within the semi-arid Upper Fortescue catchment, located in the Pilbara, northwestern Australia. Morphometric data, lithology and dual cosmogenic nuclide concentrations are integrated to quantify long-term basin-wide denudation rates and evaluate first-order controls on sediment production, transport and catchment evolution. A stepwise series of corrections were conducted for topographic shielding, lithology and apparent sediment burial.</p><p>Corrected nuclide concentrations yield basin denudation rates in the Upper Fortescue catchment that range from 0.83 to 3.02 m/Ma. These values are comparable to channel bedrock rates (2.5 ± 0.8 m/Ma; n = 4) and moderately higher than estimates from mesa summits and alluvial fan surfaces (0.8 ± 0.6 m/Ma; n = 13) previously derived from ⁵³Mn measurements. Nine of eleven detrital samples exhibit ²⁶Al/¹⁰Be ratios between 4.7 and 5.8, lower than the nominal production ratio of 6.75, indicating that sediments must have experienced a complex exposure history. Two conceptual scenarios are proposed to explain these ratios: (a) extended burial in colluvium or channel sediments lasting several hundred thousand years, and/or (b) complex exposure as a result of production rate attenuation at depth in slowly eroding (&lt;5 m/Ma) bedrock, when sub-surface rock become exposed, probably through spalling of large meter-sized blocks from vertical cliff surfaces along escarpments and gorges, ubiquitous in the region. In scenario (b), most of our data are explained by materials being sourced from the average depth of 0.5 to 1 m. However, progressive downstream transport of channel sediments increases the likelihood of storage at shallow depth for a prolonged period in riverbanks, colluvium and floodplains. Field evidence combined with cosmogenic nuclide data supports a hybrid model involving both scenarios. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of dual-nuclide analysis in quantifying long-term catchment-scale denudation and provide new insights into sediment source-to-sink processes in arid landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11408,"journal":{"name":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","volume":"50 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/esp.70144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144892502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}