Current Biology最新文献_第4页

A tropical Sphagnum peatland ecosystem in lowland Belize. 伯利兹低地的热带泥炭地生态系统。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.002

Bronwen S Whitney, Graeme T Swindles, Iain Cameron, Mariusz Gałka, Jan C Meerman

{"title":"A tropical Sphagnum peatland ecosystem in lowland Belize.","authors":"Bronwen S Whitney, Graeme T Swindles, Iain Cameron, Mariusz Gałka, Jan C Meerman","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical peatlands are globally significant ecosystems for carbon cycling and storage,1,2,3 hydrological regulation,4,5 and unique biodiversity.6,7 There is a diversity of tropical peatland types globally,8 but tropical peat-forming ecosystems are typically forested without the Sphagnum groundcover3,9,10,11 that is often characteristic of high-latitude peatlands. Here, we report on a unique tropical peatland situated in Belize that challenges our understanding of both tropical and extra-tropical peatlands owing to the presence of Sphagnum in the undergrowth. We employed a suite of methods to investigate its composition, distribution, and history. The 2,175-ha peatland is comprised of a complex mosaic of open scrub and forested communities that are compositionally similar to northern temperate peatlands at higher taxonomic levels. Paleoecological data show that the peatland originated as a mangrove swamp beginning >7,700 years before present (BP) and Sphagnum spores and macrofossil remains suggest that this moss was locally established by c. 4,000 years BP. Drier conditions from 4,500 years BP impacted carbon accumulation rates and may have enabled burning, but the peatland remained intact despite these pressures. Floristics and structural affinities with coastal Panamanian peatlands12,13 suggest the existence of a rare Central American peatland type that is underreported and may be already fragmented and threatened. This previously undocumented peatland highlights the knowledge gaps in tropical biodiversity14 that conceal important ecological and biogeographical insights. These floristic, paleoecological, and remote sensing datasets provide insights vital to understanding the functional diversity and climate resilience of globally important tropical peatland ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"4587-4594.e3"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145006001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cell migration: How animal cells run and tumble. 细胞迁移：动物细胞如何奔跑和翻滚。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.016

Ziqiang P Li, Michael Sixt

引用次数: 0

Animal cognition: Adaptive cooperation strategies in marmoset monkeys. 动物认知：狨猴的适应性合作策略。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.078

Cory T Miller

引用次数: 0

Stepwise genome evolution from a facultative symbiont to an endosymbiont in the N₂-fixing diatom-Richelia symbioses. 从兼性共生体到内共生体在固氮硅藻-黎切菌共生中的逐步基因组进化。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.003

Vesna Grujcic, Maliheh Mehrshad, Theo Vigil-Stenman, Daniel Lundin, Rachel A Foster

{"title":"Stepwise genome evolution from a facultative symbiont to an endosymbiont in the N2-fixing diatom-Richelia symbioses.","authors":"Vesna Grujcic, Maliheh Mehrshad, Theo Vigil-Stenman, Daniel Lundin, Rachel A Foster","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"A few genera of diatoms that form stable partnerships with N2-fixing filamentous cyanobacteria Richelia spp. are widespread in the open ocean. A unique feature of the diatom-Richelia symbioses is the symbiont cellular location spans a continuum of integration (epibiont, periplasmic, and endobiont) that is reflected in the symbiont genome size and content. In this study, we analyzed genomes derived from cultures and environmental metagenome-assembled genomes of Richelia symbionts, focusing on characters indicative of genome evolution. Our results show an enrichment of short-length transposases and pseudogenes in the periplasmic symbiont genomes, suggesting an active and transitionary period in genome evolution. By contrast, genomes of endobionts exhibited fewer transposases and pseudogenes, reflecting advanced stages of genome reduction. Pangenome analyses identified that endobionts streamline their genomes and retain most genes in the core genome, whereas periplasmic symbionts and epibionts maintain larger flexible genomes, indicating higher genomic plasticity compared with the genomes of endobionts. Functional gene comparisons with other N2-fixing cyanobacteria revealed that Richelia endobionts have similar patterns of metabolic loss but are distinguished by the absence of specific pathways (e.g., cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase and lipid A) that increase both dependency and direct interactions with their respective hosts. In conclusion, our findings underscore the dynamic nature of genome reduction in N2-fixing cyanobacterial symbionts and demonstrate the diatom-Richelia symbioses as a valuable and rare model to study genome evolution in the transitional stages from a free-living facultative symbiont to a host-dependent endobiont.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"4479-4493.e3"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Symbiotic bacteria mediate chemical-insecticide resistance but enhance the efficacy of a biological insecticide in diamondback moth. 共生菌介导了小菜蛾对化学杀虫剂的抗性，但增强了生物杀虫剂的药效。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.004

Lu Li, Qiong Yang, Meixi Liu, Shuyan Lin, Wenjuan Hua, Dandan Shi, Juncheng Yan, Xueyan Shi, Ary A Hoffmann, Bin Zhu, Pei Liang

{"title":"Symbiotic bacteria mediate chemical-insecticide resistance but enhance the efficacy of a biological insecticide in diamondback moth.","authors":"Lu Li, Qiong Yang, Meixi Liu, Shuyan Lin, Wenjuan Hua, Dandan Shi, Juncheng Yan, Xueyan Shi, Ary A Hoffmann, Bin Zhu, Pei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"Insecticide resistance has been a major challenge for pest management worldwide. Here, we investigated how gut symbiotic bacteria in insects might affect resistance to chemical (organophosphate) and biological (Bacillus thuringiensis) insecticides in different ways to create opportunities for strategic pesticide rotations. Using the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) as the target pest, we demonstrated that long-term exposure to chlorpyrifos (an organophosphate insecticide) promotes the proliferation of the gut symbiont Enterococcus mundtii in P. xylostella populations, resulting in chlorpyrifos resistance in field populations across China that correlates closely with the abundance of this bacterium. Metabolic analysis revealed that E. mundtii can directly metabolize chlorpyrifos via a conserved cytochrome P450 enzyme in the genus Enterococcus. However, the accumulation of E. mundtii in the gut of chlorpyrifos-resistant populations may increase their susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins, resulting in the increased efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis in populations with high chemical insecticide resistance. The gut barrier disruption caused by Bacillus thuringiensis promotes invasion of E. mundtii from the gut into the hemolymph, leading to death by septicemia to enhance susceptibility. The study highlights an interaction between resistance to chemically synthesized and biological insecticides mediated by gut symbiotic bacteria and suggests a control strategy involving chemical/biological pesticide rotations that may apply to other cases of resistance to chemically synthesized insecticides.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"4494-4508.e3"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A circuit from the basolateral amygdala to hippocampal CA3 regulates social behavior. 从基底外侧杏仁核到海马体CA3的回路调节着社会行为。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.059

Minghua Li, Yu-Qiu Jiang, Qian Sun

{"title":"A circuit from the basolateral amygdala to hippocampal CA3 regulates social behavior.","authors":"Minghua Li, Yu-Qiu Jiang, Qian Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.059","url":null,"abstract":"The CA3 region of the hippocampus is essential for associative memory. CA3 pyramidal neurons receive three canonical excitatory inputs-recurrent collaterals from other CA3 pyramidal neurons, mossy fiber input from the dentate gyrus (DG), and perforant path input from the entorhinal cortex-that terminate at specific dendritic compartments and have distinct functions. Yet, the additional extrahippocampal inputs to CA3 are less clear. Here, we report a monosynaptic glutamatergic input from the basolateral amygdala (BLA) that preferentially innervates ventral CA3. The CA3-projecting BLA neurons are topographically clustered in a small area near the medial border of BLA and preferentially innervate basal dendrites of distal CA3 (near CA1). Moreover, the BLA input preferentially excites regular-spiking CA3 pyramidal neurons expressing thorny excrescences, largely avoids burst-firing CA3 neurons lacking thorny excrescences (athorny cells), and only weakly excites CA2 pyramidal neurons. Furthermore, chemogenetic or optogenetic manipulations of the BLA-CA3 pathway bidirectionally alter social behavior. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the BLA input constitutes a major glutamatergic input that can robustly excite CA3 pyramidal neurons in a cell-type- and subregion-specific manner and regulate social behavior.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"4349-4364.e5"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reward-driven cerebellar climbing fiber activity influences both neural and behavioral learning. 奖励驱动的小脑攀爬纤维活动影响神经和行为学习。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.064

Shuyang Jin, Court Hull

{"title":"Reward-driven cerebellar climbing fiber activity influences both neural and behavioral learning.","authors":"Shuyang Jin, Court Hull","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.064","url":null,"abstract":"The cerebellum plays a key role in motor coordination and learning. In contrast to classical supervised learning models, recent work has revealed that climbing fibers (CFs) can signal reward-predictive information in some behaviors. This raises the question of whether CFs may also operate according to the principles of reinforcement learning. To test how CFs operate during reward-guided behavior and evaluate the role of reward-related CF activity in learning, we measured CF responses in Purkinje cells of the lateral cerebellum during a Pavlovian task using two-photon calcium imaging. Specifically, we have performed multi-stimulus experiments to determine whether CF activity meets the requirements of a reward prediction error (rPE) signal for transfer from an unexpected reward to a reward-predictive cue. We find that once CF activity is transferred to a conditioned stimulus, and there is no longer a response to reward, CFs cannot generate learned responses to a second conditioned stimulus that carries the same reward prediction. In addition, by expressing the inhibitory opsin GtACR2 in neurons of the inferior olive and optically inhibiting these neurons during behavioral training at the time of unexpected reward, we find that the transfer of CF signals to the conditioned stimulus is impaired. Moreover, this optogenetic inhibition also impairs learning, resulting in a deficit in anticipatory lick timing. Together, these results indicate that CF signals can exhibit several characteristics in common with the rPEs that have been observed during reinforcement learning and that the cerebellum can harness these reward-related learning signals to generate accurately timed motor behavior.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"4383-4393.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12380153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Orbitofrontal cortex spontaneously recovers latent information about outcomes upon devaluation. 眶额皮质会自发地恢复关于贬值结果的潜在信息。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 Epub Date: 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.083

Evan E Hart, Lisette Bahena, Geoffrey Schoenbaum

引用次数: 0

The sTDIF signaling peptide modulates the root stele diameter and primary metabolism to accommodate symbiotic nodulation. sTDIF信号肽调节根柱直径和初级代谢以适应共生结瘤。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 Epub Date: 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.056

Juliette Teyssendier de la Serve, Pierre Gautrat, Carole Laffont, Zelie Lesterps, Emeline Huault, Florence Guerard, Hélène San Clemente, Marielle Aguilar, Sandra Bensmihen, Bertrand Gakière, Nicolas Frei-Dit-Frey, Florian Frugier

{"title":"The sTDIF signaling peptide modulates the root stele diameter and primary metabolism to accommodate symbiotic nodulation.","authors":"Juliette Teyssendier de la Serve, Pierre Gautrat, Carole Laffont, Zelie Lesterps, Emeline Huault, Florence Guerard, Hélène San Clemente, Marielle Aguilar, Sandra Bensmihen, Bertrand Gakière, Nicolas Frei-Dit-Frey, Florian Frugier","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cub.2025.07.056","url":null,"abstract":"Legume plants form specific organs on their root system, the nitrogen-fixing nodules, thanks to a symbiotic interaction with soil bacteria collectively named rhizobia. Rhizobia, however, do not only induce the formation of these nodule organs but also modulate root system architecture. We identified in Medicago truncatula a previously unnoticed increase in the root stele diameter occurring upon rhizobium inoculation. This symbiotic root response, similarly observed in another crop legume, pea, occurs rapidly and locally after rhizobium inoculation, leading to an increased number of vascular cells. Interestingly, this root stele diameter symbiotic response requires tracheary element differentiation inhibitory factor (TDIF) signaling peptides and, notably, the MtCLE37 TDIF-encoding gene whose expression is increased during nodulation, thus being referred to as symbiotic nodulation TDIF (sTDIF). Indeed, a cle37/stdif mutant is not responsive to rhizobium regarding its root stele diameter increase and has a reduced nodule number. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that stdif has a defective primary metabolism, notably affecting carbohydrate/sugar accumulation in both roots and nodules. Remarkably, a sucrose or a malate exogenous treatment is able to rescue the rhizobium-induced stele diameter symbiotic response in stdif. This metabolic deregulation is thus instrumental in explaining the altered symbiotic response of the mutant. Overall, this study highlights a novel function of TDIF signaling peptides in legumes plants, which, beyond regulating stele development, also modulates the root primary metabolism adaptations required for symbiotic nodule development.","PeriodicalId":11359,"journal":{"name":"Current Biology","volume":" ","pages":"4337-4348.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144946807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecology and evolution of virulence. 毒力的生态学和进化。

IF 7.5 1区生物学

Current Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2025.08.029

Luís M Silva, Kayla C King

引用次数: 0