Domestic animal endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Alterations in serum concentrations of visfatin and betatrophin in dogs with diabetes mellitus","authors":"Alexandra Slon,&nbsp;Michal Mazaki-Tovi","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Canine diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Visfatin and betatrophin are adipokines involved in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance and deranged lipid metabolism, and are also altered in obesity. We hypothesized that visfatin and betatrophin serum concentrations are altered in diabetic dogs, irrespective of their body condition. The study included 23 newly-diagnosed DM (NDDM) dogs, 34 insulin-treated DM (ITDM) dogs and 24 healthy dogs. Body condition score was determined and fasted serum samples were collected for measurement of betatrophin, visfatin and insulin serum concentrations. Visfatin concentrations (mean, 95% CI) were lower in overweight NDDM (4.5 ng/mL, 2.5-8.1, P=0.05) and ITDM (2.8 ng/mL 1.8-4.3, P=0.006) than healthy (7.7 ng/mL, 5.0-11.7) dogs, but were not different among lean dogs, and were negatively correlated to betahydroxybutyric acid in ITDM dogs (r=-0.59, P=0.05). Betatrophin concentrations were lower in NDDM (69 pg/mL, 43-112, P&lt;0.001) and ITDM (53 pg/mL, 34-84, P&lt;0.001) than healthy (267 pg/mL, 167-426) dogs. Among NDDM dogs, betatrophin concentrations were higher in those with concurrent liver disease (203 pg/mL, 49-844) than those with no evidence of liver disease (19 pg/mL, 4-90, P=0.007), and were negatively correlated with glucose concentrations (r=-0.44, P=0.04) and creatinine (r=-0.60, P=0.003). Insulin concentrations were not different among NDDM and healthy dogs. Among NDDM dogs, insulin concentrations were negatively correlated to concentrations of betahydroxybutyric acid (r=-0.65, P=0.002) and were lower in dogs with concurrent kidney disease (5.6 mU/L, 2.1-15.3) compared to those with no evidence of kidney disease (20.6 mU/L, 8.0-53.2, P=0.018). In conclusion, DM in dogs is associated with alteration in visfatin and betatrophin concentrations that are not resolved by insulin treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106914"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L-thyroxine and 4-pregnane-3,20‑dione preserves pregnancy in bitches with hypothyroidism and hypoluteoidism","authors":"Marcelo Martínez-Barbitta ,&nbsp;Silvia Edelweiss Crusco ,&nbsp;Beniamino Cenci Goga ,&nbsp;Massimo Zerani","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypoluteoidism is characterized by insufficient secretion of progesterone (P4) by the corpus luteum (CL) during pregnancy, resulting in embryonic resorption and miscarriage. In dogs, hypothyroidism can occur concurrently with hypoluteoidism, therefore, the aim of this study was to propose a combination therapy to treat these two conditions in bitches. The study included 30 bitches that were artificially inseminated and divided into three experimental groups. The control group (G1) included 10 bitches with a history of normal pregnancies, normal thyroid activity and P4 levels. This group received no clinical treatment. Treatment groups included 20 bitches diagnosed with reproductive hypothyroidism and hypoluteoidism: 10 dogs in the G2 group were treated with L-thyroxine (20 μg/kg/day) only and 10 dogs in the G3 group were treated with L-thyroxine and a long-acting synthetic P4 analogue (4-pregnane-3,20-dione, 1.0 mg/kg every 72 h until cesarean section on day 61). In all dogs, pregnancy and embryonic viability was monitored by ultrasound until term. G1 females had normal pregnancies (P4: day 24, 33.33 ± 2.95 ng/mL [106.00 ± 9.38 nmol/L]; day 38, 23.95 ± 1.21 ng/mL [76.16 ± 3.85 nmol/L]; day 50, 10.53 ± 0.82 ng/mL [33.49 ± 2.61 nmol/L]; day 63, 1.11 ± 0.22 ng/mL [3.53 ± 0.70 nmol/L]; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). G2 females suffered embryonic death detected between day 31 and day 33 by ultrasound (P4: 4.67 ng/mL ± 0.41 ng/mL, [14.85 ± 1.30 nmol/L]; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In contrast, G3 females had similar plasma P4 levels to G1 dogs, and pregnancy was maintained until the scheduled cesarean section. These data suggest that combination therapy of L-thyroxine and 4-pregnane-3,20-dione maintains pregnancy to term in dogs with concomitant hypothyroidism and hypoluteoidism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 106913"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in our understanding of the estrous cycle and applications for improving targeted reproductive management in livestock","authors":"Robert A. Cushman ,&nbsp;Shelby L. Rosasco ,&nbsp;Kacie L. McCarthy ,&nbsp;Alexandria P. Snider ,&nbsp;George A. Perry ,&nbsp;Clay A. Lents","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2025.106912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The scientific discipline of endocrinology has been invaluable to our understanding of the estrous cycle. In the second half of the twentieth century the development of immunoassay technologies provided a rapid and sensitive method to quantify circulating concentrations of reproductive hormones and relate them to stage of the estrous cycle and physiological status of the animal. Ovarian ultrasonography provided the ability to track the growth and regression of ovarian structures within the same animal across the estrous cycle in real time and, in combination with hormonal profiling, accurately identify mechanisms regulating the estrous cycle and early pregnancy. Before this, the best technique had been serial collections with each animal being a single endpoint. The availability of continuous data such as daily hormone concentrations and daily follicular measurements within animals led to the improvement of methods to synchronize estrus in each of the species. Unfortunately, the use of radio-immunoassays has been declining for two decades. While enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays have been developed for many endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine factors, their primary market is human medicine and rodent models of human health, leaving those available for livestock species economically infeasible. Automated sensors such as accelerometers apply the knowledge attained through decades of endocrinology and ultrasonography studies to identify females in estrus and measure parameters of the estrous cycle that are related to fertility. The ability of automated sensors to centralize and assimilate large amounts of behavioral and physiological data from numerous animals will enhance targeted reproductive management in livestock production systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106912"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of GnRH administration on follicular development and ovulation during the early luteal phase in subtropical goats","authors":"Waqas Ahmad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Irfan-ur-Rehman Khan ,&nbsp;Amjad Riaz ,&nbsp;Khalid Javed","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the ovulatory response to GnRH treatment based on the day of its administration in the first follicular wave of the estrous cycle in goats. We hypothesized that maximum ovulatory response with GnRH treatment is dependent on the day of its administration during the early luteal phase of estrous cycle. Forty-eight goats were presynchronized with a single dose of PGF_2α, and ultrasonography was performed to confirm ovulation (Day 0). Following ovulation, goats (<em>n</em> = 38) were randomly assigned to receive GnRH treatment on Days 2, 4, 6, or 8 of the estrous cycle. Follicular dynamics were assessed every 4 h after GnRH treatment and 37% of goats ovulated within 12.0 ± 1.5 h after treatment. Ovulation rate was significantly higher on Day 4 compared to Day 2 (<em>P</em> = 0.03) and gradually declined by Day 8. Goats with dominant follicles with diameters between 6.1 and 7.0 mm had significantly higher ovulation rate than goats &lt; 6.1 mm (<em>P</em> = 0.01). A strong negative correlation was found between dominant follicle diameter at the time of GnRH administration and anovulation (r_pb = -0.79). The growth rate of dominant follicles after GnRH administration remained higher in Day 4 than Day 8 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Similarly, the interval to new follicular wave emergence was longer on Day 4 than on Days 2, 6 and 8 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, administering GnRH on Day 4 of the estrous cycle yielded the highest ovulatory response, particularly when the dominant follicle measured between 6.1-7.0 mm during the first follicular wave of estrous cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106911"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy-induced mechanisms regulating central and peripheral leptin sensitivity: lessons from sheep","authors":"Malgorzata Szczesna,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kirsz,&nbsp;Dorota A. Zieba","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review describes various aspects of the leptin resistance phenomenon and related physiological mechanisms that occur in pregnant sheep. Its main aim is to analyze the mechanisms that determine the occurrence of pregnancy-induced leptin resistance and to investigate the accompanying processes that affect the physiology of pregnancy and lactation in livestock. The main purpose of this analysis was to comprehensively understand the phenomenon of leptin resistance, including the causes of its emergence and its effects on nonrodent organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106910"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyses of widely targeted metabolic profiling reveal enhanced energy metabolism in well-developed testicular tissue of Hu sheep","authors":"Rongyu Yao,&nbsp;Peidi Zhao,&nbsp;Haiyu Ma,&nbsp;Wanhong Li,&nbsp;Xiuxiu Weng,&nbsp;Fadi Li,&nbsp;Xiangpeng Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy supply is crucial for testicular development. Nevertheless, the specific alterations in the energy metabolic pathways that affect testicular development have not been extensively investigated. This study aimed to investigate the variations in metabolites and alterations in energy metabolic pathways in the testes of <em>Hu</em> sheep with different developmental status at 6 months of age. Twelve rams with similar body weights but distinct testis developmental status were selected among 345 <em>Hu</em> sheep based on testis size and histomorphology results, and they were divided into the well-developed (L group, <em>n</em> = 6) and developmentally delayed group (S group, <em>n</em> = 6). A total of 660 metabolites were identified via widely targeted metabolic analysis. Among 148 differentially expressed metabolites, 78 were up-regulated and 70 were downregulated in the L group compared with the S group. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that a significant proportion of the identified differential metabolites was implicated in energy metabolism-related pathways. Moreover, the L group exhibited significantly higher expression levels of genes involved in glycolysis (GLTU8 and LDH), TCA (PDHA2, CS and IDH3G), gluconeogenesis (PCK1), pentose phosphate (G6PD), and fatty acid degradation (GK, ACSL1, FABP3, CPT1 and CTP2). The activity enzymes such as citrate synthase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase also increased in the L group. In summary, this observation implied that the augmentation of energy metabolic pathways plays a crucial role in facilitating testicular development. The upregulation of energy metabolic pathways collectively facilitates the testicular development in <em>Hu</em> sheep.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106909"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active immunization with a novel recombinant GnRH vaccine inhibits reproductive function in male goats","authors":"Moyan Di ,&nbsp;Xinbao Gong ,&nbsp;Yanyun Zhu ,&nbsp;Shibao Guo ,&nbsp;Zhihao Pan ,&nbsp;Mengxian Li ,&nbsp;Zhuoya Wu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuelan Liu ,&nbsp;Ya Liu ,&nbsp;Yunsheng Li ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Fugui Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccines have been widely used to effectively inhibit gonadal development and reproductive function. To improve the immunogenicity of GnRH, we developed and evaluated the effects of GnRH6-kisspeptin-CRM197 immunization on the reproductive function in male goats. Thirty 3-month-old male goats (n = 30) were randomly assigned to control, surgical, and immunized groups. The immunized group received a 2 mL injection of the GnRH6-kisspeptin-CRM197 with a booster administered four weeks later. The control group was administered a white oil adjuvant. Blood samples were collected at regular intervals, and at week 20, the animals were euthanized for tissue collection. Serum antibody titers and testosterone levels were measured using ELISA and CLIA, respectively. Testicular parameters and histology were evaluated. The mRNA levels of reproductive-related genes in the HPG axis were measured using RT-qPCR. The results showed that the immunized goats had significantly increased serum GnRH and kisspeptin antibodies (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) but decreased testosterone concentrations (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) compared to the control group. Testicular size and histology were significantly affected in the immunized group, with notable reductions in testicular weight and dimensions (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), and evidence of vacuolar degeneration and suppressed sperm production. The mRNA levels of <em>FSHβ</em> and <em>LHβ</em> in the pituitary, as well as <em>FSHR, LHR, 3βHSD</em>, and <em>17βHSD</em> in the testis, were significantly lower in the immunized group compared to controls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that GnRH6-kisspeptin-CRM197 is a safe antigen and a promising immunocastration vaccine with enhanced efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106908"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"17β-estradiol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and pyroptosis of Leydig cells of the domestic yak (Bos grunniens) via the SIRT1/Nox4/ROS pathway","authors":"Junyuan Ma ,&nbsp;Yanmei Yang ,&nbsp;Lin He ,&nbsp;Chongfa Yang ,&nbsp;Yahua Yang ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Wen He ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Niu ,&nbsp;Zhou Chen ,&nbsp;Songming Hu ,&nbsp;Jin'e Wang ,&nbsp;Yingpai Zhaxi ,&nbsp;Shengdong Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estradiol (E2) secreted by Leydig cells (LCs) can accumulate in the testes due to constriction of the reproductive lumen. Estrogen is not only important for reproduction, but also protects against inflammation. In this study, the role of pyroptosis in testicular inflammation and the effects of E2 against inflammation and pyroptosis of yak interstitial cells were investigated. Inflamed testes exhibited structural damage and pyroptosis with decreased E2, testosterone, and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) levels in testicular fluid. E2 alone inhibited testosterone secretion and increased ERβ expression in mature LCs. In LCs, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes inflammation by activation of TNF-α and IL-6, and pyroptosis via activation of the classical and non-classical pyroptosis pathways. LPS inhibits sex hormone secretion and ERβ expression in LCs. E2 inhibited the LPS-induced decrease of ER expression in LCs and also inhibited LPS-induced interstitial cell inflammation and pyroptosis, which was partially blocked by Selisistat (EX-527, SIRT1 inhibitor) or Fulvestrant (ICI 182,780, E2 non-genomic receptor inhibitors). In conclusion, E2 relieved LPS-induced inflammation and pyroptosis of yak LCs via the SIRT1/Nox4/ROS pathway. This finding provides new insights into the role of estrogen in male reproductive health and offers a potential therapeutic strategy to improve testicular immune and reproductive function by modulating hormonal homeostasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106906"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor maternal nutrition during gestation in sheep alters key hormonal systems involved in energy homeostasis and appetite in the offspring","authors":"Nicole M. Tillquist,&nbsp;Kristen E. Govoni,&nbsp;Steven A. Zinn,&nbsp;Sarah A. Reed","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disturbances in maternal nutrient availability through increased or decreased abundance of specific or total nutrients during pre-natal development can have negative impacts on offspring growth. These changes are likely mediated, at least in part, by hormonal systems that control energy homeostasis and appetite. Regulation of insulin signaling is critical to ensuring appropriate glucose homeostasis. Poor maternal nutrition during gestation impacts circulating glucose and insulin concentration in both the dam and offspring, reducing circulating insulin and glucose in offspring of restricted-fed dams and increased circulating insulin and glucose in the offspring of over-fed dams. Leptin and ghrelin are key regulators of appetite and feed intake. Offspring of over-fed ewes often exhibit leptin resistance, which may lead to changes in adiposity. Leptin responses in offspring of restricted-fed ewes are not well defined, although restricted-fed ewes themselves exhibit decreased circulating leptin concentrations. Little is known about the effects of poor maternal nutrition on offspring ghrelin. Glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones are required for appropriate fetal development. Poor maternal nutrition during gestation alters the development of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and thyroid axes in the offspring, although the effects vary according to the type, duration, timing, and severity of the nutritional insult. The relationships between insulin, leptin, ghrelin, glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormones can result in synergistic effects, exacerbating negative outcomes for the offspring. The impacts of poor maternal nutrition are multi-faceted, and the resulting alterations in body composition can continue to impact hormone regulation beyond the initial insult caused by poor maternal nutrition during gestation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106907"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of serum insulin-like growth factor 1 concentrations in non-diabetic cats with chronic kidney disease","authors":"J.P. Rey Amunategui ,&nbsp;E.M. Molina ,&nbsp;G.A. Pompili ,&nbsp;J. Mas ,&nbsp;O.P. Pignataro ,&nbsp;D.D. Miceli","doi":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.domaniend.2024.106898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feline hypersomatotropism (HST) can develop in both diabetic and non-diabetic cats, but studies evaluating the prevalence of HST in cats without diabetes mellitus (DM) are lacking. The aims of the study were to evaluate circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in non-diabetic cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD), to assess whether there is a correlation between general test of renal function and IGF-1 concentration in cats with CKD, and to screen this population for the presence of HST. In this prospective study, one hundred fifty-four non-diabetic cats (<em>n</em> = 154) with CKD from referral centers in Buenos Aires (Argentina) were evaluated. Serum IGF-1 concentration was measured as part of the routine tests for CKD and compared with a healthy control group of 50 cats without CKD. The median serum IGF-1 concentration in the total population of cats with CKD was 500 ng/mL (range 34–1593 ng/mL). Median serum IGF-1 concentrations of cats with IRIS stage 1 (<em>n</em> = 13), stage 2 (<em>n</em> = 86), stage 3 (<em>n</em> = 40) and stage 4 (<em>n</em> = 15) of CKD were 230 ng/mL (range 58–951 ng/mL), 473 ng/mL (range 34–1456 ng/mL), 597 ng/mL (range 123–1593 ng/mL), 569 ng/mL (range 123–1045 ng/mL), respectively. None of the cats in the control group had IGF-1 concentration &gt;1000 ng/mL (median 505 ng/mL, range 114–720 ng/mL). There was a positive linear correlation between serum IGF-1 and creatinine concentrations in cats with CKD (r= 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.06–0.37 <em>P</em>=0.005). A proportion of 5.8% (95% confidence interval 2.7-10.8%) of non-diabetic cats with CKD had markedly increased IGF-1 concentrations (cut-off IGF-1 &gt;1000 ng/mL). Pituitary enlargement was detected on computed tomography in 3/4 of these cases. Eighteen cats (11.6%) had serum IGF-1 concentrations in the “grey zone” between 800 and 1000 ng/mL. A small proportion of non-diabetic cats with CKD had an IGF-1 concentration in a range that is consistent with HST in diabetic cats. Likewise, the progression of CKD in cats without DM correlates with increases in serum IGF-1 concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11356,"journal":{"name":"Domestic animal endocrinology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 106898"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}