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Intraspecific Genetic Polymorhism of Ganoderma applanatum (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) in Moscow Region (Russia). 莫斯科地区平顶灵芝（多孢子目，担子菌科）种内遗传多态性研究。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1134/S001249662570005X
A V Shnyreva, M D Fedorova
{"title":"Intraspecific Genetic Polymorhism of Ganoderma applanatum (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) in Moscow Region (Russia).","authors":"A V Shnyreva, M D Fedorova","doi":"10.1134/S001249662570005X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/S001249662570005X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wood-destroying fungi of the genus Ganoderma are among the most widespread polypore fungi in the world. The interest in their study is constantly growing because many biologically active substances are produced by Ganoderma. The artist's bracket fungus Ganoderma applanatum is the most common species of the genus in central Russia. The objectives of this study were to characterize intraspecific genetic polymorphism in terms of sexual and somatic compatibility and to assess the variation of the ITS sequence in G. applanatum, based on 26 natural isolates collected in various localities of the Moscow region. An original technique developed to reproduce the G. appalanatum life cycle in laboratory conditions and to obtain a fertile hymenium in vitro allowed a genetic analysis of the allele diversity of mating type loci in mon-mon and di-mon crosses. At least eight alleles of the matA locus and seven alleles of the matB locus were observed in 21 G. applanatum isolates. The Shannon genetic diversity index of antagonistic reactions of vegetative incompatibility was estimated at Hvc = 1.216, suggesting a high genetic polymorphism of vegetative incompatibility determinants. Diverse phenotypic manifestations of antagonistic reactions showed that the vegetative incompatibility loci were probably multiallelic. Antagonism type did not depend on the geographic location of the isolates, and vegetatively compatible clones were detected only within the same substrate. In spite of the genetic polymorphism and multiallelic nature of the mating and somatic compatibility loci, the ITS sequences showed no divergence in the Moscow G. applanatum isolates and were assumed to provide a reliable barcode for species identification and verification of natural isolates of the fungus. Based on the results, the G. applanatum population of the Moscow region is spread over a large area, but substantial intrapopulation differentiation in terms of sexual and somatic compatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145285831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Holocene Refugium of Shrubby Birch Betula humilis Schrank and Avens Dryas sp. in Kazakh Uplands. 哈萨克高原灌木桦木（桦）和桦属植物的全新世避难所。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1134/S0012496625600186
O M Korona, P A Kosintsev, A Z Beisenov
{"title":"Holocene Refugium of Shrubby Birch Betula humilis Schrank and Avens Dryas sp. in Kazakh Uplands.","authors":"O M Korona, P A Kosintsev, A Z Beisenov","doi":"10.1134/S0012496625600186","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0012496625600186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macrofossils of shrubby birch (Betula humilis) of the boreal species group and avens (Dryas sp.) of the Arctic-alpine species group, both dated to ~2500 radiocarbon years ago, were found in the Kazakh Uplands (Abylai site, 49°15' N, 75°07' E). The species are currently absent from the region. The finds indicate that a refugium of the species existed in the Kazakh Uplands in the Holocene. The species appeared on the territory of the Kazakh Uplands at the end of the Late Pleistocene. At the beginning of the Holocene, their ranges retreated to the north and a refugium formed on the territory of the Kazakh Uplands. Sharply continental climate and favorable edaphic conditions contributed to the preservation of the refugium. The disappearance of the refugium was associated with biocenotic reorganization, which affected the vegetation in the second half of the Late Holocene and was caused by climate changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"194-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wood Porosity: A Universal Parameter for Dendroclimatic Analysis. 木材孔隙度：树木气候分析的通用参数。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1134/S0012496625600150
T A Khudykh, L V Belokopytova, E A Babushkina, E A Vaganov
{"title":"Wood Porosity: A Universal Parameter for Dendroclimatic Analysis.","authors":"T A Khudykh, L V Belokopytova, E A Babushkina, E A Vaganov","doi":"10.1134/S0012496625600150","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0012496625600150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Annual rings of conifers conventionally serve as a reliable indicator of climatic changes, whereas methods of such analyses are poorly developed for diffuse-porous species, such as the common aspen Populus tremula L. PiC densitometry was proposed as a new approach based on algorithmic analysis of the wood porosity distribution across the annual ring. Scotch pine Pinus sylvestris L. and aspen samples were used in the study. The method included measurement of the annual ring widths, anatomical analysis of the wood microstructure, and image processing to construct porosity profiles. Basic differences in porosity dynamics were observed between the species. In pine, porosity decreased by 70% from earlywood to latewood, reflecting a seasonal reduction in water supply. In aspen, the respective change did not exceed 20%, indicating a stable water demand throughout the season. Dendroclimatic analysis showed that pine radial growth was most sensitive to May-June precipitation, while temperatures during the same period were the key factor in aspen. PiC densitometry expands the possibilities of dendrochronological studies, allowing the use of diffuse-porous species for climate reconstruction and assessment of the climate effect on the wood structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"204-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental Study: Youth vs. Life Experience of Adulthood in Terms of Acute Stress Response. 实验研究：青年与成年生活经验在急性应激反应方面的差异。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1134/S0012496625600228
M V Kondashevskaya, V V Aleksankina, K A Artem'eva, A I Anurkina, K A Kasabov, D A Areshidze, L M Mikhaleva
{"title":"Experimental Study: Youth vs. Life Experience of Adulthood in Terms of Acute Stress Response.","authors":"M V Kondashevskaya, V V Aleksankina, K A Artem'eva, A I Anurkina, K A Kasabov, D A Areshidze, L M Mikhaleva","doi":"10.1134/S0012496625600228","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0012496625600228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age differences in the response to acute stress were studied in young and mature reproductive-age inbred male Wistar rats. Stress was found to increase the corticosterone level in both age groups, while the testosterone level decreased and the leptin concentration increases. In response to stress, young rats showed a classic decrease in the mass coefficients (MCs) of the thymus and liver and an increase in the MCs of the adrenal glands and heart. In contrast, mature rats showed a decrease in the MC of the adrenal glands and stability of the MC of other visceral organs under all experimental conditions. The rats were tested in the elevated plus maze (EPM), and opposite behavioral changes were observed in the two groups after stress exposure. Exploratory activity decreased in the young rats and increased in the mature rats. It was assumed that neurons of the dorsal part of the periaqueductal grey and the cerebellum were in an excited state as a result of accumulated life experience in the mature rats and that this was expressed as more intense locomotor activity (LA) and a higher efficiency of decision-making mechanisms in choosing the direction of movement in the EPM. Lack of such experience in the young rats inhibited the LA speed and decision-making mechanisms, inducing a feeling of uncertainty during navigation in the EPM. The data can have a wide range of applications in preclinical studies related to health, aging, stress, and modeling of various diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"198-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polymorphism of Birches in the Southern Trans-Urals. 南乌拉尔地区桦树的多态性。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1134/S0012496625600113
O E Cherepanova, S O Medvedeva, V V Napalkova, I V Petrova, V A Balakhonova, Z A Sadov
{"title":"Polymorphism of Birches in the Southern Trans-Urals.","authors":"O E Cherepanova, S O Medvedeva, V V Napalkova, I V Petrova, V A Balakhonova, Z A Sadov","doi":"10.1134/S0012496625600113","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0012496625600113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tzvelev and Kulikov, who are leading monographers of the genus Betula, recognize the independence of birch microspecies. In the Southern Trans-Urals, B. krylovii belongs to this group. Most studies of Betula representatives have employed conventional phenotype-based methods and lack mechanisms to resolve taxonomic challenges in the complex genus. The study aimed to comprehensively asses the genetic and morphological polymorphism in birch populations along the Tobol River in the Southern Trans-Urals. Ploidy levels of Betula representatives, variability of chloroplast DNA fragments, and the morphological structure of leaf blades were examined in 10 birch sampling sites. Moderate genetic polymorphism and low interpopulation differentiation were observed in B. pendula of the Southern Trans-Urals. A low occurrence of B. pubescens was inferred from the ploidy data. According to the results of the comprehensive analysis, the taxa B. pendula and B. krylovii have similar phenotypic features, common chlorotypes, and the same ploidy level (2n), indicating that the taxonomic status of B. krylovii requires revision.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"187-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Role of Preoperative Stress in Myocardial Injury during Noncardiac Surgery in Wistar Rats. 术前应激在Wistar大鼠非心脏手术心肌损伤中的作用。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0012496625600125
M V Kondashevskaya, E B Manukhina, V V Aleksankina, K A Artemyeva, L V Kaktursky
{"title":"Role of Preoperative Stress in Myocardial Injury during Noncardiac Surgery in Wistar Rats.","authors":"M V Kondashevskaya, E B Manukhina, V V Aleksankina, K A Artemyeva, L V Kaktursky","doi":"10.1134/S0012496625600125","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0012496625600125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Four groups of old Wistar rats were used: anesthesia only (An), noncardiac surgery (NS), stress exposure for 5 days followed by NS (SNS), and an intact control. Increases in proinflammatory cytokines and C-reactive protein were not observed within 10 days after surgery, suggesting no inflammation. Stress was evident from the highest corticosterone level in the SNS rats. Myocardial injury after NS (MINS) occurred in the SNS rats as judged from structural and metabolic disorders and an increase in the blood concentration of High-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI). Although ischemic and hypoxic zones in the myocardium were detected in the An and NS rats, the rats did not develop MINS, displaying neither oxidant-antioxidant imbalance nor, most importantly, an increase in hs-cTnI. The study showed for the first time that \"simple\" aseptic noncardiac surgery in combination with preoperative stress can induce MINS in healthy old Wistar rats. A decrease in superoxide dismutase was proposed as an additional biomarker of MINS.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"176-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correlation between Rhythmic Changes in Body Temperature of Small Passerine Birds (Chloris chloris) and Nontidal Gravity Fluctuation in a 12- to 30-min Period Range. 小雀形鸟（Chloris Chloris）体温节律性变化与非潮汐重力波动在12 ~ 30分钟内的相关性
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1134/S0012496625600101
M E Diatroptov, A V Surov
{"title":"Correlation between Rhythmic Changes in Body Temperature of Small Passerine Birds (Chloris chloris) and Nontidal Gravity Fluctuation in a 12- to 30-min Period Range.","authors":"M E Diatroptov, A V Surov","doi":"10.1134/S0012496625600101","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0012496625600101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In view of an association observed previously between animal activity and deformational changes in the lithosphere, the phenomenon was investigated with the example of time-related changes in the body temperature of male common greenfinches (Chloris chloris) and gravimetric data. A stable positive correlation was observed between changes in bird body temperature and changes in gravimeter readings, but only in the time interval when the birds were active. The power of prevalent harmonics was shown to change simultaneously in body temperature and gravimetric data dynamics for periods ranging from 12 to 30 min, suggesting an association between the two processes. Fluctuations in gravimeter readings in the 12- to 30-min range of periods was therefore considered as a marker of a yet unidentified biotropic environmental factor that affects animal activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"157-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Find of Eggs of the Trematode Echinochasmus sp. (Trematoda, Echinochasmidae) in the Late Holocene of Northwestern Siberia. 西伯利亚西北部晚全新世棘球绦虫卵的发现（棘球绦虫纲，棘球绦虫科）。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1134/S0012496625600095
T N Sivkova, P A Kosintsev, V V Krapivina
{"title":"Find of Eggs of the Trematode Echinochasmus sp. (Trematoda, Echinochasmidae) in the Late Holocene of Northwestern Siberia.","authors":"T N Sivkova, P A Kosintsev, V V Krapivina","doi":"10.1134/S0012496625600095","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0012496625600095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A parasitological analysis was performed using 24 dog coprolite, 1 cultural deposit, and 4 dung samples collected during excavations of the Mangazeya settlement (66°42' N, 82°16' E), the first Russian city of the 17th century (Late Holocene) in the north of Western Siberia. Helminth eggs were found in 26 (89.7%) samples. Echinochasmus sp. eggs were found in 48.3% of the samples, including the cultural deposit, 2 dung, and 11 dog coprolite samples. The genus is currently absent in the helminth fauna of the region. Helminths of the genus could have entered the region with infested dogs, pigs, and humans who migrated to the region from European Russia. A new stable natural focus of echinochasmosis did not form after the introduction, probably because of unfavorable climatic conditions of the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"163-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gigantic bear Huracan borissiaki sp. nov. (Ursidae, Carnivora) from the Terminal Miocene of the Northern Caucasus (Russia, Stavropol Territory). 北高加索中新世晚期巨熊Huracan borissiaki sp. 11 .（熊科，食肉目）（俄罗斯斯塔夫罗波尔地区）。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0012496625600198
A V Lopatin
{"title":"Gigantic bear Huracan borissiaki sp. nov. (Ursidae, Carnivora) from the Terminal Miocene of the Northern Caucasus (Russia, Stavropol Territory).","authors":"A V Lopatin","doi":"10.1134/S0012496625600198","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0012496625600198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mandible of a gigantic bear from the terminal Miocene of the Kosyakino quarry in the Stavropol Territory of Russia is described. The presence of a premasseteric fossa of the mandible and characteristic features in the structure of the lower cheek teeth (P<sub>4</sub> with posterior cingulid cusp and without medial ridge, M<sub>1</sub> with elongated paraconid, large metaconid, double entoconid and developed mesoconid, and M<sub>1</sub>-M<sub>2</sub> without cingulids) allow to attribute the studied specimen to the genus Huracan and to erect a new species, H. borissiaki.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"167-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
First Description of Typhlosole in Ascidian Styela clava: Structure and Putative Function. 海鞘鞘甲藻的首次描述：结构和推测功能。
Doklady Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1134/S001249662560006X
M A Kobeletskaya, E N Temereva
{"title":"First Description of Typhlosole in Ascidian Styela clava: Structure and Putative Function.","authors":"M A Kobeletskaya, E N Temereva","doi":"10.1134/S001249662560006X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S001249662560006X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ascidian Styela clava is an invasive species that easily colonizes new water areas and has a wide distribution. A previously undescribed typhlosole was discovered in S. clava and studied using histological techniques, transmission electron microscopy and computer microtomography. The typhlosole is a large fold of the dorsal intestinal wall that starts in the lower quarter of the stomach and continues to the rectum. Its shape varies greatly: from a rounded protrusion to a spirally twisted fold. The typhlosole is formed by the intestinal epithelium and a thick connective tissue layer, in which pyloric tubules and blood vessels are extended. The epithelium consists of glandular, ciliated, and nonciliated cells demonstrating apocrine secretion. The typhlosole intensifies the food digestion and absorption of nutrients. The features observed in the typhlosole may contribute to a high digestion efficiency even in low-productive waters, determining the biological success of this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":11351,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Biological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"183-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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