Michael T Perino, Jennifer C Harper-Lednicky, Alecia C Vogel, Chad M Sylvester, Deanna M Barch, Joan L Luby
{"title":"Social anxiety moderates the association between adolescent irritability and bully perpetration.","authors":"Michael T Perino, Jennifer C Harper-Lednicky, Alecia C Vogel, Chad M Sylvester, Deanna M Barch, Joan L Luby","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000439","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preliminary work suggests anxiety moderates the relationship between irritability and bullying. As anxiety increases, the link between irritability and perpetration decreases. We hypothesize that any moderation effect of anxiety is driven by social anxiety symptoms. We sought to explicate the moderating effect of anxiety, while clarifying relations to other aggressive behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of adolescents (<i>n</i> = 169, mean = 12.42 years of age) were assessed using clinician rated assessments of anxiety, parent reports of irritability and bullying behaviors (perpetration, generalized aggression, and victimization). Correlations assessed zero-order relations between variables, and regression-based moderation analyses were used to test interactions. Johnson-Neyman methods were used to represent significant interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Irritability was significantly related to bullying (<i>r</i> = .403, <i>p</i> < .001). Social, but not generalized, anxiety symptoms significantly moderated the effect of irritability on bully perpetration (<i>t</i>(160) = -2.94, <i>b</i> = -.01, <i>p</i> = .0038, Δ<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = .0229, <i>F</i>(1, 160) = 8.635). As social anxiety symptoms increase, the link between irritability and perpetration decreases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Understanding how psychopathology interacts with social behaviors is of great importance. Higher social anxiety is linked to reduced relations between irritability and bullying; however, the link between irritability and other aggression remains positive. Comprehensively assessing how treatment of psychopathology impacts social behaviors may improve future intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"656-663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140109611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie Russell, Amy L Bird, Karen Waldie, Elizabeth Peterson, Susan M B Morton, Polly E Atatoa Carr, Karen Salmon, Elaine Reese
{"title":"From infancy to eight: How early maternal mental health, emotion reminiscing, and language shape children's mental health.","authors":"Sophie Russell, Amy L Bird, Karen Waldie, Elizabeth Peterson, Susan M B Morton, Polly E Atatoa Carr, Karen Salmon, Elaine Reese","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000919","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To test the transmission of mental health difficulties from mother to child, we examined mediation through emotion reminiscing conversations and child language. Maternal depression symptoms were measured at 9 months post-partum, and child mental health outcomes were measured at age 8 years. Emotion reminiscing conversations between 1,234 mother-child pairs (624 boys, 610 girls) were recorded as part of a large, diverse, longitudinal cohort <i>Growing Up in New Zealand</i>. The 1,234 reminiscing conversations were transcribed and coded for maternal elaboration and emotion resolution quality (mother and child). The coded reminiscing variables did not mediate the pathway from maternal depression to child mental health outcomes; however, each maternal reminiscing variable together with child language skill serially mediated the relationship from maternal depression symptoms to child-reported anxiety and depression symptoms, and parent-reported child externalizing symptoms. Language as a skill and it's use as a tool for making shared meaning from past events are highlighted as possible mechanisms for the intergenerational transmission of mental health difficulties. These findings point to potential opportunities for early interventions, including prevention of and support for postnatal depression, family intervention in reminiscing training, and supporting child language development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1068-1082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of childhood maltreatment, recent interpersonal and noninterpersonal stress, and HPA-axis multilocus genetic variation on prospective changes in adolescent depressive symptoms: A multiwave longitudinal study.","authors":"Kexin Sun, Cong Cao","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000269","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on a multiwave, two-year prospective design, this study is the first to examine the extent to which multilocus hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis)-related genetic variants, childhood maltreatment, and recent stress jointly predicted prospective changes in adolescent depressive symptoms. A theory-driven multilocus genetic profile score (MGPS) was calculated to combine the effects of six common polymorphisms within HPA-axis related genes (<i>CRHR1</i>, <i>NR3C1</i>, <i>NR3C2</i>, <i>FKBP5</i>, <i>COMT,</i> and <i>HTR1A</i>) in a sample of Chinese Han adolescents (<i>N</i> = 827; 50.2% boys; <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 16.45 ± 1.36 years). The results showed that the three-way interaction of HPA-axis related MGPS, childhood maltreatment and recent interpersonal, but not noninterpersonal, stress significantly predicted prospective changes in adolescent depressive symptoms. For adolescents with high but not low HPA-axis related MGPS, exposure to severe childhood maltreatment predisposed individuals more vulnerable to recent interpersonal stress, exhibiting greater prospective changes in adolescent depressive symptoms. The findings provide preliminary evidence for the cumulative risk mechanism regarding gene-by-environment-by-environment (G × E<sub>1</sub> × E<sub>2</sub>) interactions that underlie the longitudinal development of adolescent depressive symptoms and show effects specific to interpersonal stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"543-554"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139930516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trait anxiety predicting the developmental trajectories of depression symptoms in children: The mediating role of attentional control.","authors":"Qiaochu Zhang","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000385","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trait anxiety and attentional control are important factors related to depression symptoms. The study investigated how trait anxiety and attentional control predicted the trajectories of depression symptoms during the transition into early adolescence. The mediating effect of attentional control on the relationship of trait anxiety to the trajectories of depression symptoms was also examined. Children of 9 to 10 years were recruited at Time 1. Trait anxiety, attentional control, and depression symptoms were assessed at Time 1. Depression symptoms were measured at three follow-up assessments across 18 months. Latent class growth modeling revealed high (14.4%) and low (85.6%) trajectories of depression symptoms. Higher trait anxiety and lower attentional control predicted a higher likelihood of showing the trajectory of high depressive symptoms. Attentional control mediated the relationship of trait anxiety to the trajectory membership of depression symptoms. The findings had important implications for the association of trait anxiety with the trajectory membership of depression symptoms and highlighted the importance of attentional control in the development of depression symptoms for children with high trait anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"633-644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ginette Dionne, Sara Mascheretti, Bei Feng, Hélène Paradis, Mara Brendgen, Frank Vitaro, Richard Tremblay, Michel Boivin
{"title":"Genetic and phenotypic evidence of the predictive validity of preschool parent reports of hyperactivity/impulsivity and inattention.","authors":"Ginette Dionne, Sara Mascheretti, Bei Feng, Hélène Paradis, Mara Brendgen, Frank Vitaro, Richard Tremblay, Michel Boivin","doi":"10.1017/S095457942400035X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S095457942400035X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To determine the validity of parent reports (PRs) of ADHD in preschoolers, we assessed hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI) and inattention (IN) in 1114 twins with PRs at 1.5, 2.5, 4, 5, 14, 15, and 17 years, and teacher-reports at 6, 7, 9, 10, and 12. We examined if preschool PRs (1) predict high HI/IN trajectories, and (2) capture genetic contributions to HI/IN into adolescence. Group-based trajectory analyses identified three 6-17 years trajectories for both HI and IN, including small groups with high HI (<i>N</i> = 88, 10.4%, 77% boys) and IN (<i>N</i> = 158, 17.3%, 75% boys). Controlling for sex, each unit of HI PRs starting at 1.5 years and at 4 years for IN, increased more than 2-fold the risk of belonging to the high trajectory, with incremental contributions (Odds Ratios = 2.5-4.5) at subsequent ages. Quantitative genetic analyses showed that genetic contributions underlying preschool PRs accounted for up to a quarter and a third of the heritability of later HI and IN, respectively. Genes underlying 1.5-year HI and 4-year IN contributed to 6 of 8 later HI and IN time-points and largely explained the corresponding phenotypic correlations. Results provide phenotypic and genetic evidence that preschool parent reports of HI and IN are valid means to predict developmental risk of ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"590-602"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Zajenkowska, Iwona Nowakowska, Jan Cieciuch, Łukasz Gawęda, Radosław Rogoza, Amy Pinkham, Katarzyna Czajkowska-Łukasiewicz
{"title":"Towards the understanding of the core of general personality disorder factor: g-PD and its relation to hostile attributions.","authors":"Anna Zajenkowska, Iwona Nowakowska, Jan Cieciuch, Łukasz Gawęda, Radosław Rogoza, Amy Pinkham, Katarzyna Czajkowska-Łukasiewicz","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000506","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is a general consensus that personality disorders (PDs) share a general factor (g-PD) overlapping with the general factor of psychopathology (p-factor). The general psychopathology factor is related to many social dysfunctions, but its nature still remains to some extent ambiguous. We posit that hostile attributions may be explanatory for the factor common for all PDs, i.e., interpersonal problems and difficulty in building long-lasting and satisfying relationships of all kinds. Thus, the main objective of the current project was to expand the existing knowledge about underlying factors of g-PD with regard to hostile attributions. We performed a cross-sectional study on a representative, community sample of Poles (<i>N</i> = 1031). Our hypotheses were primarily confirmed as hostile attributions predicted p-factor. However, the relation was positive only for hostile attributions related to ambiguous situations involving relational harm and physical harm done by female authorities and negative in case of hostile attributions in situations involving physical harm done by peers. Additionally, paranoia-like thoughts strongly related to hostile attributions and independently predicted g-PD. The results contribute to the current discussion on the nature of the g-PD, confirm that hostile attributions and paranoia are a crucial aspect of personality pathology, and indicate the importance of working on these cognitions in the course of therapeutic work.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"696-704"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah G Peoples, Elizabeth L Davis, Rebecca J Brooker
{"title":"Variation in coupling across neural and cardiac systems of regulation is linked to markers of anxiety risk in preschool.","authors":"Sarah G Peoples, Elizabeth L Davis, Rebecca J Brooker","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000609","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both cortical and parasympathetic systems are believed to regulate emotional arousal in the service of healthy development. Systemic coordination, or coupling, between putative regulatory functions begins in early childhood. Yet the degree of coupling between cortical and parasympathetic systems in young children remains unclear, particularly in relation to the development of typical or atypical emotion function. We tested whether cortical (ERN) and parasympathetic (respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) markers of regulation were coupled during cognitive challenge in preschoolers (<i>N</i> = 121). We found no main effect of RSA predicting ERN. We then tested children's typical and atypical emotion behavior (context-appropriate/context-inappropriate fear, anxiety symptoms, neuroendocrine reactivity) as moderators of early coupling in an effort to link patterns of coupling to adaptive emotional development. Negative coupling (i.e., smaller ERN, more RSA suppression <i>or</i> larger ERN, less RSA suppression) at age 3 was associated with greater atypical and less typical emotion behaviors, indicative of greater risk. Negative age 3 coupling was also visible for children who had greater Generalized Anxiety Disorder symptoms and blunted cortisol reactivity at age 5. Results suggest that negative coupling may reflect a maladaptive pattern across regulatory systems that is identifiable during the preschool years.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"766-778"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11401962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140130975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabrielle R Rinne, Mallory Podosin, Nicole E Mahrer, Madeleine U Shalowitz, Sharon Landesman Ramey, Christine Dunkel Schetter
{"title":"Prospective associations of prenatal stress with child behavior: Moderation by the early childhood caregiving environment.","authors":"Gabrielle R Rinne, Mallory Podosin, Nicole E Mahrer, Madeleine U Shalowitz, Sharon Landesman Ramey, Christine Dunkel Schetter","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000920","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fetal exposure to prenatal stress can increase risk for psychopathology but postnatal caregiving may offset risk. This study tests whether maternal sensitivity and the home environment during early childhood modify associations of prenatal stress with offspring behavior in a sample of 127 mother-child pairs (<i>n</i> = 127). Mothers reported on perceived stress during pregnancy. Maternal sensitivity was rated by coders during a parent-child free play task when children were 4 years old. One year later, mothers reported on the home environment, child internalizing and externalizing behaviors, and children completed an assessment of inhibitory control. As hypothesized, the early childhood caregiving environment modified associations of prenatal stress with child behavior. Specifically, prenatal stress was associated with more internalizing behaviors at lower levels of maternal sensitivity and in home environments that were lower in emotional support and cognitive stimulation, but not at mean or higher levels. Furthermore, prenatal stress was associated with lower inhibitory control only at lower levels of maternal sensitivity, but not at higher levels. Maternal sensitivity and an emotionally supportive and cognitively stimulating home environment in early childhood may be important factors that mitigate risk for mental health problems among children exposed to prenatal stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1083-1094"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11557737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140912255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daphne M Vrantsidis, Mark A Klebanoff, Keith Owen Yeates, Aaron Murnan, Peter Fried, Kelly M Boone, Joseph Rausch, Sarah A Keim
{"title":"Associations of prenatal stress with 5-year-old children's executive function in a low socioeconomic status population.","authors":"Daphne M Vrantsidis, Mark A Klebanoff, Keith Owen Yeates, Aaron Murnan, Peter Fried, Kelly M Boone, Joseph Rausch, Sarah A Keim","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000890","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prenatal stress has a significant, but small, negative effect on children's executive function (EF) in middle and high socioeconomic status (SES) households. Importantly, rates and severity of prenatal stress are higher and protective factors are reduced in lower SES households, suggesting prenatal stress may be particularly detrimental for children's EF in this population. This study examined whether prenatal stress was linked to 5-year-old's EF in a predominantly low SES sample and child sex moderated this association, as males may be more vulnerable to adverse prenatal experiences. Participants were 132 mother-child dyads drawn from a prospective prenatal cohort. Mothers reported on their depression symptoms, trait anxiety, perceived stress, everyday discrimination, and sleep quality at enrollment and once each trimester, to form a composite prenatal stress measure. Children's EF was assessed at age 5 years using the parent-report Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Preschool (BRIEF-P) Global Executive Composite subscale and neuropsychological tasks completed by the children. Mixed models revealed higher prenatal stress was associated with lower BRIEF-P scores, indicating better EF, for females only. Higher prenatal stress was associated with lower performance on neuropsychological EF measures for both males and females. Results add to the limited evidence about prenatal stress effects on children's EF in low SES households.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1044-1053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agnieszka Mlodnicka, Maxwell Mansolf, Aruna Chandran, Izzuddin M Aris, Catrina A Calub, Shaikh Ahmad, Allison Shapiro, David Cochran, Bibiana Restrepo, Rebecca Schmidt, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Deborah Bennett, Diane R Gold, T Michael O'Shea, Leslie Leve, Julie B Schweitzer
{"title":"Prediction of internalizing and externalizing symptoms in late childhood from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in early childhood.","authors":"Agnieszka Mlodnicka, Maxwell Mansolf, Aruna Chandran, Izzuddin M Aris, Catrina A Calub, Shaikh Ahmad, Allison Shapiro, David Cochran, Bibiana Restrepo, Rebecca Schmidt, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Deborah Bennett, Diane R Gold, T Michael O'Shea, Leslie Leve, Julie B Schweitzer","doi":"10.1017/S0954579424000695","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954579424000695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limited analyses based on national samples have assessed whether early attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms predict later internalizing and externalizing symptoms in youth and the influence of sex and pubertal timing on subsequent psychiatric symptoms. This study analyzed data (<i>n</i> = 2818) from the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes Program national cohort. Analyses used data from early childhood (mean age = 5.3 years) utilizing parent-reported ADHD symptoms to predict rates of internalizing and externalizing symptoms from late childhood/adolescence (mean age = 11.9 years). Within a subsample age at peak height velocity (APHV) acted as a proxy to assess pubertal timing from early childhood (mean age = 5.4 years) to adolescence (mean age = 12.3 years). Early-childhood ADHD symptoms predicted later psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety, depression, aggressive behavior, conduct problems, oppositional defiant disorder, and rule-breaking behavior. Earlier APHV was associated with increased Conduct Disorder symptoms from late childhood to adolescence for females only. A stronger relation between ADHD symptoms and later aggression was observed in females with earlier APHV, whereas this same pattern with aggression, conduct problems and depression was observed in males with later APHV. Clinicians should consider that both young girls and boys with elevated ADHD symptoms, particularly with off-set pubertal timing, may be at risk for later psychiatric symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11265,"journal":{"name":"Development and Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"815-824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140293091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}